JPS6158568B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device that cuts these continuous fibers into staple fibers of a predetermined length and simultaneously crimps the staples in the process of producing synthetic and recycled staple fibers, and particularly relates to a device that cuts these continuous fibers into staple fibers of a predetermined length and simultaneously crimps the staples. While winding the continuous fiber around a rotor equipped with In the case where the crimping chamber is taken out through the side opening, the crimping chamber is configured in a specific relationship.

Staples are generally produced by stretching spun undrawn continuous fibers in a drawing step, crimping them using a crimping device, and then cutting them into predetermined lengths. Generally, a crimper box is often used as a crimping device, in which a push roller pushes the continuous fiber into a narrow chamber and takes out the crimped continuous fiber from the other side. Furthermore, there are various types of cutting devices, but in order to cut the crimped fibers to approximately a predetermined length, the crimped fibers have to be stretched again, which is not preferable.

In recent years, there has been a remarkable development in technology related to spinning and drawing, as well as technology related to these processes, and the speed and size of staples have increased.In terms of staple production, crimping and cutting devices that can cope with these speed increases have been developed. Development has been delayed and has become a problem. That is, in the direct spinning and drawing method, the spinning speed reaches 3000 to 5000 m/min, and when the above-mentioned crimper box is used at such speed,
The reality is that crimper boxes cannot be used because the frictional heat of the fibers generates and fuses, requiring a special cooling device, and there are also many maintenance problems. Other crimp-applying means have been proposed, but none have been fully satisfactory due to non-uniform crimp and maintenance problems.

On the other hand, various methods and means have been developed and proposed as continuous fiber cutting devices, but there are few that can satisfy the spinning speed of the direct spinning and drawing method. Recently, a new method and device for cutting continuous fibers has been developed, in which a large number of cutting blades are arranged radially around a rotating drum, the continuous fibers are wound around the outer periphery of the drum, and a pressing roller is arranged on the outer periphery of the cutting blades. It has been proposed to cut the inner circumferential side of the wound staple, forcefully push it into the root of the cutting blade, and take it out from the opening at the bottom. It is shown that the thread is inevitably compressed and crimped in the length direction as the thread passes through it (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-42113). However, the proposed technique is exclusively for cutting continuous fibers, and does not actively apply crimp to cut staples.

The present invention uses such a cutting device to cut continuous fibers at high speed, and is configured to actively crimp the cut staples. The crimping chamber is formed to satisfy a special relationship to apply crimps. However, the present invention is a device that cuts continuous fibers and crimps the cut fibers at the same time, in which a number of cutting blades are arranged along the outer circumferential side of a drum-shaped rotor with a specific width along the axial direction. The drum-shaped rotor is arranged radially at approximately equal pitches, and the middle portion of the cutting blades opposed to each other is formed in a crimping chamber, and a small gap is provided around the outer periphery of the cutting blades of the rotor. A roller is arranged, and the continuous fibers are wound around the outer periphery of the cutting blades, and among the fibers filling the small gap, the fibers on the cutting blade side are sequentially cut to form a continuous fiber between the cutting blades. The crimped chamber is filled with crimped fibers, and the crimped fibers are taken out from the inner peripheral opening, and the fiber passing length distance L of the cutting edge of the cutting blade and the shortest fiber passing length of the crimping chamber are The relationship with the distance b is 2.2≧L/b≧1.3.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings, but the drawings show a specific example of implementation, and the present invention is not limited to these illustrated examples, but in keeping with the spirit of the above and later descriptions, The same method can be implemented even if the shape of the parts or part of the design is changed.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a crimp device to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a left front view of FIG. 1, and FIG.
Sectional view in the direction of the arrow along the cutting line in the figure, No. 4
The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line - in FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow, FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5. In these figures, the crimping device 1 according to the present invention is formed with a rotating drum 4 protruding from a driving section 3 configured on a base 2, and a spindle of the rotating drum 4 is connected to a stay provided on the driving section 3. 6 and a bearing 7 fixedly installed on the top of 6a,
A pulley 8 is freely supported by the bearings 7a and is fixedly installed approximately in the middle of the bearings 7 and 7a. and pulley 8
is rotated by a motor 9 provided on the pedestal 2 via a belt. The other rotary drum 4 includes an inner disk 14 formed integrally with the support shaft, a cutting blade mounting member 15 formed integrally with the front side of the inner disk 14 or formed separately and attached thereto, and The cutting blade mounting member 15 is formed of an annular outer disk 17 that communicates with each other on the other side of the mounting member 15, and a contact plate 18 that covers the side surface of the outer disk 17. They are radially fixed to the inner disk 14. Further, the cutting blade attachment member 15 is configured to hold a cutting blade 16 on the top surface of its outer circumferential side, and the cutting blade 16 is configured to be replaceable. That is, in the illustrated example, a fitting groove for inserting the cutting blade 16 is formed on the top surface of the outer periphery of the cutting blade mounting member 15, and the fitting groove for inserting the cutting blade 16 is an insertion groove 17a formed integrally with the blade part.
The cutting blade 16 is formed by penetrating the corresponding part of the outer disk 17, and is also formed in the corresponding part of the inner disk 14.
This shows an engagement recess formed to stably hold the holder. Therefore, when replacing the cutting blade 16, it is necessary to replace the cutting blade 16 with the
By removing 8, it can be inserted into and taken out from the insertion groove 17a of the outer disk 17. Further, the cutting blade attachment member 15 is formed with a thick wall on the inner circumferential side and has surfaces 15b, 15b that are inclined in the opposing direction (third
), the inner disk 14 and the outer disk 1
7 and the corresponding portions of the cutting blade attachment member 15 are inclined surfaces 15a, which are narrowed in the inner circumferential direction, respectively.
15a (FIG. 4) is formed. Yotsutte cutting blade 16
and 16 is a filling chamber 2 which is sequentially narrowed in the length direction (circumferential direction) and width direction according to the inner circumferential direction.
1 and the filling chamber 21 forms an opening 22 at the bottom of the cutting blade attachment member 15. In the present invention, the filling chamber 21 is used as a crimping chamber.

On the other hand, a presser roller 5 is disposed on the top side of the rotating drum 4 configured in this manner, and the presser roller 5 has a width such that it can be fitted between the inner disk 14 and the outer disk 17 of the rotating drum 4. and is freely supported by the bearing 11. Further, the bearing 11 is attached to the wall material 10 of the driving section 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and by operating the handle 12, the presser roller 5 can be brought closer to or moved away from the cutting blade 16 of the rotating drum 4. In addition, in the device of the present invention, when the presser roller 5 is lowered, the gap 20 with the cutting blade 16 (FIG. 4)
is held at a specific value and regulated so that the gap 20 does not become narrower. 19 is a guide for the continuous filament tow T.

To operate the cutting and crimping device constructed in this way, first, the presser roller 5 is retracted and raised, and the tow T is placed on the cutting blade 16 of the rotating drum 4 via the guide 19 as shown in FIG. Wrap it around. After winding to an appropriate thickness, the presser roller 5 is lowered to the regulating position to hold the gap 20. At this time, when enough fibers are wound to fill the space 20, the innermost layer of fibers is cut by the cutting blade 16 and the press roller 5. Since the cut fibers have cut fibers on the outer periphery, they do not fly out due to centrifugal force and are sequentially placed in the filling chamber 2.
This insertion pressure is applied to the filling chamber 21.
Each time it is placed opposite the presser roller 5, it is pressurized and pushed out from the opening 22. In addition, if the amount of winding does not reach the pressure that would cause the void 20 to cut the filament,
It is sufficient to continue winding the winding in sequence until the amount of winding to be cut is reached, and then continue cutting while winding the winding in sequence.

By the way, the fiber length cut in such a cutting and crimping device is determined by the length of the cutting blade 1 as shown in FIG.
6 and the cutting blade 16. Then, the cut fibers S are sequentially packed into the filling chamber 21 in the direction of the arrow, and are gradually compressed in the length direction and width direction, causing crimp.
Finally, it is extruded from the opening 22 as a crimped fiber Sa, and it was found that the number of crimps is almost determined by the ratio L/b, assuming that the length of the fiber passing through the opening 22 is b. . It has been found that it is important for these relationships that L/b not exceed 2.2 and not be smaller than 1.3. In other words, if the filling chamber is configured so that L/b is smaller than 1.3, almost no crimping is imparted, and the cut fiber S
In the extrusion, the material is pushed out without using the pressing force of the presser roller 5, and sufficient crimp is not provided. Furthermore, when L/b exceeds 2.2, it is not possible to stably extrude cut fibers from the filling chamber 21, despite various considerations (for example, making the inclined surface 15b a curved surface or a smooth surface). If this is not possible, the fibers will become clogged, making it practically impossible to operate. In order to obtain a product that meets the desired number of crimps, it is necessary to set the number within the range of 2.2≧L/b≧1.3. The slope of the inclined surface 15b is in the range of 10 to 20 degrees with respect to the line connecting the cutting edge and the center of the drum. When actually operating this device, low speed operation (1000m/
When operating at high speeds (less than 1000 m/min), cutting and crimping could be performed without any problems.
If you do this, various problems will occur. The main reason for this is that the centrifugal force acting on the cut fibers in the filling chamber increases, and the pressing pressure of the presser roller 5 is no longer able to push the fibers out of the filling chamber.

On the other hand, in this type of device, the principle of continuously providing stable crimp is based on centrifugal force and the filling pressure in the filling chamber, so this centrifugal force is a force that should be actively used. be. Therefore, the point that required the most consideration in the present invention was that, in principle, at a constant processing speed (especially 1000 m/min or more) V, in order to provide sufficient crimp and stabilize extrusion discharge, the rotating drum 4 By increasing the diameter and lowering the angular velocity, and by reducing the amount M of cut fibers present in the filling chamber, stable crimp can be provided even during high-speed operation, and stable extrusion and discharge can be achieved. If the weight M of the cut fibers present in the filling chamber is R, and the radius from the center of gravity of this fiber group to the center of the drum 4 is R, then the centrifugal force F acting on these fiber groups becomes F=MV ² /R. That is, decrease M and R
Designing it to be large means reducing the centrifugal force. The fiber group in the filling chamber that is not acted on by the press roller 5 is held by the contact friction force in the filling chamber with the uncut outer peripheral winding filament, which is not cut by the centrifugal force. , the pressing force overcomes centrifugal force and frictional force to push out the material. In order to increase this pushing force, there is a method of increasing the diameter of the presser roller 5 and narrowing the gap 20 to reduce the amount of winding. Furthermore, if the diameter of the presser roller is increased and the gap is also made larger to increase the pressure of the presser roller, the pressure will be applied evenly to the entire range of the cut fibers S, pushing them in parallel and making it difficult to discharge them. There is. Therefore, by making these small, the cut fibers S can be pushed strongly locally and extruded smoothly.

FIG. 6 shows an example of another configuration of the filling chamber 21 in which the shortest fiber passing length distance b is formed in the filling chamber. Can be extruded and discharged. Note that the illustrated example shows one in which the filling chamber 21 is compressed in the direction in which the cut fiber groups are bound together by the inclined surfaces 15a, 15a formed on the corresponding surfaces of the inner disk 14 and the outer disk 17. Even if the inclined surfaces 15a, 15a are parallel surfaces that are not inclined, it is possible to implement the same method. In particular, parallel surfaces are preferred because they provide crimp and are convenient for discharge.

Examples will be described below. The diameter of the cutting edge circle of the rotating drum was 497 mm, and the number of blades was 2.
Six blades were arranged at equal pitches and the cut length was set at 60 mm. The filling chamber shown in FIG. 6 was used, L/b=1.6, and the volume was 5.2 cm ³ . The presser roller was 70 mm in diameter, and the gap between it and the cutting blade was 2 mm. Such a test apparatus was constructed and tested for the production of polyester staples. The operating conditions were a take-up speed of 4000 m/min, and the supplied tow was 8 denier 1000 filament. Although the operation was continuous for approximately one hour, it was found that there were no problems with long-term operation. The obtained staple had a uniform strength of 5.0 g/d, elongation of 27%, and number of crimps of 4.8/cm (average value of n=10).

Since the cutting and crimping device according to the present invention is configured in this way, it is possible to cut continuous fibers and simultaneously apply crimps, and the centrifugal force and the friction of the cut fibers in the filling chamber are balanced. By maintaining the pressure, crimp occurs, and by coming into contact with the presser roller, the cut fibers in the filling chamber can be pushed out.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a cutting and crimp device to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a left front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the cutting line - in FIG.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the cutting line - in Fig. 2 in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of circle V in Fig. 3;
Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the configuration of the cutting blade.
It is a figure equivalent figure. 1... Cutting and crimp device, 2... Pedestal, 3...
Drive unit, 4...Drum, 5...Press roller, 6...
...Stay, 7... Bearing, 8... Pulley, 9... Motor, 10... Wall material, 11... Bearing, 12... Handle, 14... Inner disc, 15... Cutting blade mounting member, 16... ...Cutting blade, 17...Outer disk, 18
...Plate, 19...Guide, 20...Gap, 21
...Filling chamber, 22...opening.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A device that cuts continuous fibers and crimps the cut fibers at the same time, in which a large number of cutting blades are arranged radially at approximately equal pitches along the outer periphery of a drum-shaped rotor with a specific width along the axial direction. In addition, the drum-shaped rotor has a crimping chamber formed in the middle portion where the cutting blades are opposed to each other, and a pressing roller is arranged with a slight gap around the outer periphery of the cutting blades of the rotor to cut the continuous fibers. Among the fibers that fill the small gap while being wound around the outer circumference of the blade, the fibers on the cutting blade side are sequentially cut,
The crimping chamber formed between the cutting blades is filled with the crimped fibers, which are taken out from the opening on the inner circumferential side of the chamber, and the fiber passing length L at the cutting edge of the cutting blade and the crimping A device for cutting and crimp continuous fibers, characterized in that the relationship between the shortest fiber passing length distance b of the crimp chamber is 2.2≧L/b≧1.3.