JPS61502088A - microwave switch - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] software switch Background of the invention The present invention relates to a microwave switch, and in particular to a switch for a Sukugor coaxial network. Regarding itch.

Microwave transmission and processing is effectively provided by a software coaxial network. It will be done. It is smaller than a waveguide and has lower loss than a microwave integrated circuit. The use of rectangular coaxial networks for satellite communications is increasing. This increased use Therefore, an improved switch for such networks is needed.

For maximum effectiveness, the shape and direction of the microwave beam should be closely aligned with the target. oriented in terms of extent or area and location relative to satellite communications. supply common antenna The selected sub-network determines the shape and direction of the beam.

Additionally, relays are used to select the appropriate network. However, adapters and connectors that increase size and reduce reliability. data is required.

Roughly speaking, many other problems have arisen as per the design. Reliability due to reduced contact points is reduced. Insulation of unnecessary parts may become insufficient. transmission and reflection The losses are unacceptably high. Improved software for satellite communications and other applications A coaxial switch is required. Such switches are reasonably reliable. It is preferred that the device be permanently compact and lightweight.

Summary of the invention According to the invention, a switch for a microwave square coaxial network is Connect the main port to one of the multiple field selection ports 1-. The switch is for main boats and with a primary transmission line magnetically connected to the selected transmission line, each selected transmission line is electromagnetically connected to each selected port. The rotor allows the main transmission line to connected to the selected exchange transmission line.

The rotor is rotatable about an axis. Within the rotational position of the rotor around the rotation axis The shaft end of the rotor is connected to the main transmission line to maintain strong vibrational coupling at the center frequency of mutually adapted.

Due to the rotation of the rotor about the axis, there will be no axis misalignment or adjacent to the selected exchange transmission line. The abutting radial rotor ends are positioned. Due to strong vibrational coupling at the center frequency The exchange transmission line and the radial ends of the rotor are adapted to each other. rotor effective The electrical length is a 1/4 wavelength changed integral member.

The need for mechanical contact to improve switch durability and reliability through strong vibration coupling Reduce. Providing a shield to electrically connect the rotor from unnecessary parts is preferred. The shield is mechanically coupled to the rotor so that it rotates with the rotor. It will be done.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a switch according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the switch of FIG. 3 is a plan view of the bottom of the switch of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the upper structure of the switch of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the upper structure of the switch of FIG. 1 is a front view of the rectangular center conductor of the switch of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the rectangular center conductor of the switch of FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the shaped center conductor, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the rotor structure and guide of FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the rotor structure of the switch of FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the rotor structure of the switch of FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotor according to the invention; FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in Figure 1, the switch for the sphere coaxial microwave network is It includes a lower structure 12 and an upper structure 14. As shown in Figure 2, the lower structure The adult body 12 includes a lower housing 13, a rotating structure 21 and a transmission line 19. Ru. As shown in FIG. 5, the upper structure 14 includes an upper housing 15 and a main transmission line. It has 17 inns. The switch 11 shown in the figure is a three-contact switch, so Three optional transmission lines 19 are provided. Center operating frequency of the illustrated embodiment The number is nominally 4.0GH2. , an example illustrated by a coefficient of 0.6338. By measuring , a switch for a nominal 6.0 GHz is given.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner end 39 of the center conductor 35 of the selective transmission line 19, and the proximal end 37 of the center conductor 33 of the main transmission line 17. This effectively forms a set of series strong-oscillation circuits separated by 1/4 wavelength in frequency. instead, A length that is an odd number of other quarter wavelengths can be used. This strong vibrator is Created like a series strong-oscillation circuit in the operating frequency range with a reactive member of approximately 25 ohms in wavenumber. move. The composite can be flattened with a bandwidth up to greater than the intended operating bandwidth. This forms a bandpass filter with low mismatch loss.

The rotor 23 shown in FIG. 9 is a bent conductor. The rotor 23 has a slope 4 on the outside. 1 and a kerf 43 on the inside, losses due to reflection are minimized. Low The shaft end 45 and an off-axis shaft end 45 for connecting to the main transmission line 17 has a radial end 47 which is selectively coupled to one of the selective transmission lines 19. used to connect to. For progression from the axial end 45 to the radial end 47, the The rotor 23 has a cylindrical portion, that is, a head 51, which has a rotation axis of the rotor 23, and a thinner cylinder. sections: a neck 53, a third cylindrical section 55, a rectangular section connected by an inclined section. A body 57 with two parts of the surface and arranged parallel to each other and opposite to the axis of rotation. It has vertical legs 59. Wider head shape with narrower neck This greatly reduces the loss of the strong oscillator compared to the length of 1/4 wavelength, and reduces the loss of the entire switch. The rotor 23 has two It is formed from two parts 61 , 63 and connected to a bolt 65 . Bolt 65 is It works together with the pin 67 to maintain the rigidity of the rotor 23. Shaft end 4 of rotor 23 The second bin 6 toward 5 ensures a reliable rotation of the rotor 23 on the drive shaft Attachment is performed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the main transmission line has a center conductor 33 and a boat or rectangular The means for connecting to the shaped coaxial sub-network, namely the tip 71 and the cup 73, are It is mutually adapted to the shaft end 45 of the rotor 23 for vibration coupling. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, When assembling the switch 11, the rotor head 51 is placed in the cup 73. ing. The circular cross-sectional area of the head 51 rotates together with the rotor 23, and the circular cross-sectional area of the cup 73 rotates with the rotor 23. The cross-sectional area does not rotate together with the rotor 23, and a constant connection is ensured independently of the relative position. Ru. The bushing 27 securely mounted on the rotor head 51 prevents rotation. The correct spacing is maintained between the cup 73 and the rotor 23 during this period. upper howe For precise positioning of the main conductor loaf in the housing, approximately circular insulating space server 93 is used.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each selected transmission line 19 has a rectangular center conductor 35, It has a middle region 75, an outer end 77 and an inner end 39. Middle range 7 of each rectangular conductor 5 has a rectangular cross-sectional area. Each outer end 77 is connected to a rectangular coax subnetwork. applied to tie the knot. As shown in FIG. 5, each outer end 77 is bent and It is connected perpendicularly to the radially extending intermediate range. The inner end 39 is thinner It has a head 79 connected to the intermediate region 75 by a cylindrical shank 81 .

As mentioned above, due to the head shape of the shank, it is possible to use a shorter strong vibrator. But you can. In this case, the radial dimension of the entire switch 11 becomes smaller. head 79 is formed to be mounted between the legs 59 of the rotor 23.

When assembled, the upper housing 13 and lower housing 15 form the switch halves. housing of the switch and the main transmission line 17 and the selective transmission line 17. Form the outer conductor for line 19. In other words, the cylindrical portion of the upper housing 15 83 acts as an outer conductor for the main transmission line 17. Wall of lower housing 13 85 cooperates with the planar portion 87 of the upper housing to form a rectangular selective transmission line 19. form the outer conductor for use. In the illustrated embodiment, selective transmission line 19 and The main transmission line 17 has an impedance of 50 ohms.

The insulating beg 89 precisely spaces the rectangular center conductor 35 within the housing. used to. Peg 89 extends through the front and rear holes in the conductor. Fifth As shown in FIG. 6, insulating tube 91 extends beyond conductor 35 to Cover part 9. Tube 91 reinforces and maintains the peg 89 portion. each selection For the target transmission line 19, one set of pegs 89 extends parallel to the axis of the rotor and the other The pegs extend perpendicular to the axis of the rotor. Each set of individual pegs has a center wavelength of 1 Preferably, they are separated by 74 wavelengths.

As shown in factor 3.7.8, the shaft 31 with a 0-shaped cross section is connected to the rotor 2. 3 along its axis of rotation.

The shaft 31 is supported by a sleeve bearing 95 within the lower housing 13. It is. When extending through the lower housing 13, the shaft 31 is connected to the drive member ( (not shown) and the drive member also extends into the lower housing 13 connected to the lower housing 13 (not shown). ging 13. This switch 11 is externally operated via this drive member. In response, the drive member is moved from below the lower housing. drive member and The metal bellows on the shaft 31 has tolerances for misalignment between the shaft 31 and the drive member. increase. The shaft 31 is made of a hard insulating material such as sapphire.

As shown in FIG. 7, the rotor guide 25 has a substantially disk-like shape. flange 101 defines exact vertical planes within the lower housing 13 and upper housing 15. determined. In order to accommodate the head 79 of the rectangular center conductor 33, three slots are provided. A cut 103 is provided. This structure allows the rectangular center conductor 33 to be accurately aligned and the leg 59 of the rotor 23 and the scale prefix 79 of the selective transmission line 19 The space between is defined. Low coefficient of friction like polytetrafluoroethylene Preferably, the guide is formed of a thin insulating material.

Guide 25 acts as a thrust bearing for rotor 23. moreover, The guide 25 increases the capacitance of the vibrator head 79 of each rectangular conductor.

Therefore, the head 79 is shorter and the overall size of the switch 11 is smaller. Become.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the shield 29 is attached to the rotor 23 and It is rotated coaxially with the motor 23.

The illustrated shield 29 has a generally cylindrical shape. The shield 29 includes a base 105, and is open at the top to accommodate the cup 73 of the main transmission line 17.

Due to the removed portion of the cylinder located near the base, the leg portion 59 of the ○-ta 23 is sealed. protrudes outside the door 29. The shape of the shield 29 prevents unnecessary connections, especially the rotor. 23 and unnecessary selective transmission lines are prevented. By shield 29 A transfer impedance of approximately 50 ohms is maintained at approximately 90'' in the axial direction from the diameter.

The shield 29 is placed close to the housing wall so that the shield 29 is electrically Similar to contact with a wall, a transmission effect occurs. Shield 29 is Conductive materials with low-friction external coatings, e.g. polytetrafluoroe Made of aluminum coated with tyrene.

The shield 29, rotor head 51 and main center conductor cup 73 are spaced apart from each other. For this purpose, a bushing 27 with a low coefficient of friction is provided. Bu Since the bushing 27 acts as a sleeve to support the cup 73, the rotor configuration The body 21 rotates relative to the cup 73. Capacitance shield 29 is located in the center The bushing 27 is connected to a capacitance shield 29 for rotation with the motor 23. support. The bushing 27 is made of friction coefficient material such as polytetrafluoroester. made of small insulators.

As shown in FIG. and the insulating support 127 is pressed onto the center conductor 33. further support Body 127 is pressurized within upper housing 15 and integrated into the remainder of upper structure 14. If it is, it will be retained. Support 127 snaps into fit 131 . Support 1 The snap engagement is effected by a small tongue mechanically mounted within 27.

Impedance measurements were taken within the main transmission line 17.

At end 37, the measurement was 72 ohms. 60 ohm 1/4 wavelength transmission line The characteristic impedance of the remainder of the main transmission line 17 is from 72 ohms to 50 ohms. Included in the harmony of dance. Therefore, the outer diameter of the cup 73, the outer diameter of the support body 127, and The impedance matching portion 125 of the upper housing 15 has an impedance of 1 at the dynamic center frequency. /4 wavelengths of total electrical length to form part of a 60 ohm transmission line. An example is given.

The switching member of the switch 11 is a conductor portion inserted through a rotation hole (not shown). material formed within the wall of lower housing 13 adjacent selective transmission line 19. Ru. An elastic seal (not shown) between the upper housing 13 and the lower housing 15 ), the lower housing 13 is provided with a shallow predetermined groove 109. ing. In order to accommodate the opposing bets 89, one corresponding to each selection transmission line 19 is provided. Since a set of vertical grooves 111 are arranged, the vertical grooves 111 of the corresponding selective transmission line 19 are The exact radial movement is determined. Housing 13.15 has assembly bolts 114 It has an assembly hole 113 that can be aligned.

To explain the rotor 23 in more detail, the height of the head 51 is 00131 inches. The diameter of the head 51 is 0.120 inches. The height of the neck 53 is 01 135 inches, and the diameter of the neck 53 is 0.050 inches. Third cylindrical part The height of the third cylindrical portion 55 is 0.062 inch, and the diameter of the third cylindrical portion 55 is 0.062 inches. It is similar to The square portion of the rotor is 0.2 square inches. Entire rotor 23 The width is 01741 inches. The rotor diameter is 0.731 inches. Low The legs 59 extend 0.631 inches radially from the axis of rotation. 45゛ slope A concave curved portion 43 having a diameter of 0.020 inches is juxtaposed on the opposite side of the surface 41. ing.

Each leg 59 has a length of approximately 0.8342 inches, a width of 0.20 inches, and a thickness of The height is 0.020 inch. To facilitate assembly of the guide 25, the rotor is formed from two parts 61 and 63. Sapphire colored drive shaft 31 is fitted into a hole with a zero-shaped cross-sectional area. Mounting of the drive shaft 31 in the rotor A hole is formed in the rotor for pin 69 to adjust the fit.

To explain one of the three square central conductors in more detail, the length of the conductor 35 is 1.8 250 inches, with a cross section of 0.2 square inches and a groove containing 0.5 square inches. It has a cross-sectional area of inches. The length of the resonator head 79 is 0.191 inches. Its cross-sectional area is 0.109 inches long and 0.069 inches wide, and its cross-sectional area is 0.109 inches long and 0.069 inches wide. The corners of the product are chamfered. The two wide sides are 0.110 inches wide; The remaining front widths are each approximately 0.048 inches. The shank 81 is cylindrical. , its length is 0.062 inches and its diameter is o, oso inches. outer edge The curved portion near 77 is a circle with a 45° slope and a diameter of 0.250 inch. It has a cylindrical part.

The main center conductor 33 is approximately cylindrical with a height of 1.94 inches and a diameter of approximately 0.120 inches. It is a type. The internal dimensions of cup 73 are 0.334 inches high and 0.1715 inches in diameter. Inches.

When testing unshielded prototype test equipment, connections to unnecessary parts were -16 dB, and the reflection is approximately -10 dB. Unnecessary if two shields are used The connection to the section is -36 dB and the reflection is approximately -16 dB.

The guide 25 is suitably mounted on the head 51 of the rectangular center conductor 35 and the bushing 79 is suitably mounted on the head 51 of the rectangular rotor 23 and has a diameter of 0.004 inch. It is preferable to have only one air gap. Housing 27 or guide 25 and cup 73 or leg 59 is 0.025 inch or more. , free relative rotation is ensured, and output processing capacity is increased. within the perimeter of the space Bends to eliminate unnecessary space to stop air from exhausting gaseous substances A hole (not shown) is added.

A rectangular coaxial switch modified for satellite communications and other applications according to the above description. The switch is sufficiently durable, reliable, small and lightweight. My peers recognized this invention. It can be modified and implemented. For example, to adjust other center frequencies, Different scales can be used.

→→→i issue , ′, −+, l-62′ -8--, c, w+- ゛　1 Submission of translation of amendment (Article 184-7, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Law) 1, International application number POT/US 84101377 2. Name of the invention 3. Patent applicant Address: El Segundo, California 90245, United States.

North Sepulveda Boulevard 200 Name Hughes Aircraft Representatives of Kannoya Ni: Calambelas, Edapuyu Nationality United States 4. Agent Address: 17 Mori Building 5, 1-26-5 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Date of submission of amendment May 1, 1985 The scope of the claims 1. (After correction) Select multiple primary ports in a sphere coaxial network These boats have a predetermined center frequency, a main transmission line electrically connected to said main boat; A rotary shaft with a rotary shaft, a shaft end, and a transverse end, with a selective transmission line connected to the This rotor is actually an odd number of quarter wavelengths long at the center frequency. , to maintain a strong coupling at a center frequency within the rotational position of the rotor about its axis of rotation. such that the shaft end and the main transmission line are applied to each other, and the rotor is connected to a selective transmission line. rotation about the rotation axis to position the second end adjacent to each of the delivery lines; strong coupling at the center frequency when positioned adjacent to each other. the distal end and the selective transmission line are applied to each other for connection; The rotor is equipped with a shield that electrically isolates the rotor from selected boats that are not selected. The shield is mechanically connected to the rotor so as to rotate with the rotor. software switch.

2. (Delete) 3. The selective transmission line has a central conductor with a rectangular cross-sectional area. A software switch according to claim 1.

international search report

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Powering a primary port to one of several selected ports in a square coax network these ports have a predetermined center frequency, A main transmission line electrically connected to the main port, and a power supply to each selected port. A rotary shaft with a rotating shaft, a shaft end and a radial end, with a selective transmission line connecting the This rotor is actually an odd number of quarter wavelengths long at the center frequency. , to maintain strong vibrational coupling at the center frequency within the rotational position of the rotor around the rotation axis. such that the shaft end and the main transmission line are applied to each other, and the rotor is connected to a selective transmission line. rotation about the rotation axis to position the second end adjacent to each of the delivery lines; strong vibration coupling at the center frequency when positioned adjacent to each other. A screen characterized in that the radial end and the selective transmission line are mutually applied for connection. wear switch. 2. It has a shield that electrically isolates the rotor from selected ports that are not selected. The shield is mechanically connected to the rotor so that it rotates with the rotor. A square switch according to claim 1. 3. The selected transmission line is characterized in that it has a central conductor with a rectangular cross-sectional area. A square switch according to claim 1.