JPS61501749A - Improvements in or relating to tobacco firmness testing - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Improvements in or relating to tobacco firmness testing [Technical field] This invention relates to the testing of tobacco filling force and its purpose is to is to measure the stiffness of the flow.

[Background technology]

During the measurement of "chopped tobacco, i.e. 1 filling for making cigarettes", chopped tobacco If you measure the hardness of the cigarette and predict the hardness of the cigarette, It is necessary to be able to control the process.The usual measurement is the filling force of the tobacco. This is done by measuring the

In the well-known cylindrical volume method for testing the filling force of chopped tobacco, a typical test The experiment consisted of placing a 50 g sample of chopped tobacco, equilibrated to the moisture content of the specimen, in a vertical Put it in a cylinder with a diameter of 60 mm and use a freely moving 3 kg piston for 5 minutes. It consists of compression in the interaxial direction. Volume of cigarette after 5 minutes divided by weight of sample The product, i.e. the specific volume ml/g, is known as the filling force. In this method, when the same tobacco is used (cigarettes) A representative value of filling force cannot be obtained.

First, cigarettes typically have a diameter of gmm, so a similar size length can be used. When a strand with a diameter of 60 mm is included in a cylinder, it produces different mechanical effects. Cheating.

Second, the axial compression creates a radial force on the cylinder, which causes the tobacco and cylinder to Friction between the walls inhibits free compression by the piston.

Furthermore, the filling force is the same for cigarettes made at a constant volume and weight, i.e. at a constant specific volume. Kit Ki# is also not a suitable measurement. A more appropriate measurement is the fixed weight of chopped tobacco. When the fixed cigarette volume 8FK is compressed, the long-term firmness after the fixed time or is the residual radial pressure.

The object of the invention is to provide long-term storage of elongated volume cigarettes or cigarette rods. By providing a method and apparatus for measuring the stiffness or residual radial pressure between be.

It also refers to short-term stiffness or finger stiffness, the short-term stiffness felt by the smoker. constant small displacement or direct radial pressure for squeezing can be predicted is desirable.

[Disclosure of the invention]

According to the present invention, a method for measuring the firmness of a cigarette having an elongated shape comprises: Cut the sample length of the cigarette across the length into the standard cigarette dimension of a circular cross section. Compress, measure the compressive load (I+) after a predetermined interval at which the compressive load stabilizes, and The load/surface relationship indicates the desired residual radial pressure, which is an indicator of long-term stiffness. This includes making sure that

In the present invention, the filling force is tested by applying a load that exhibits a tendency for radial compression. This will result in a more accurate evaluation.

The principles involved are based on the parameters V and KK, where V is the specific volume or density. is the reciprocal, and X is the volume of the unit body N/　m　　for unit volumetric strain The elastic modulus is 0. The present invention takes into consideration that V and the tile are sensitive to the shape of the sample. Therefore, according to the invention, the measurement is carried out on one cigarette, preferably on a plurality of cigarettes, It is carried out in a measuring volume that resembles the shape of four cigarettes.

The sample is a length of several cigarettes, e.g. 4 or 5 cigarettes. , preferably approximately 300 mm.

The invention further includes an apparatus for carrying out this method, which apparatus comprises a) σ-shaped A first die member having a slot of σ-shaped, and a cigarette A cavity with a cylindrical cross section having standard dimensions can be formed. C) moving the dies relative to each other between open and closed positions; a) means for measuring the compressive force between the dies.

In a preferred construction form of the invention, an upper and a lower die are provided, the lower die being is seated in a load measuring cell connected to a common reader and the upper die is slid. The upper dies have dynamically engaging σ-shaped grooves and are linked together for simultaneous operation. It is possible to move vertically by 1K using a pair of scree devices, and the movement is variable. measured by a conversion device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the attached figure, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device made according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is a dynamic model. FIG.

[Best mode for carrying out the invention]

A frame 10 has a platform 11 on which two load cells 13. 14, for example 8angam.

Weston LO! L (L cells D 96150 is fixed.

The lower female die 16 rests on the cell 13.14 and has a slot 17. , its bottom is based on the - cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the cigarette part and the three cigarettes. It has a length equal to a tobacco. The slot has a tapered opening at its upper end. to facilitate loading tobacco samples. On the upper male die 20 At its lower edge, a die corresponding in cross section to the other half of the cigarette and below A semicircular groove 21 having the same length is formed. The upper die is a flat rectangle 0-shaped member, and this member has almost its shape so that it can slide inside the 0-shaped slot 17. It has a thickness equal to the width of the slot 17. Upper die 20 affects load measurement Do not touch the sides of slot 17 to avoid damage.

The upper die is connected to a screwdriver 25.26 which can be actuated by a lead screw 27.28. It is fixed to the lower ends of the two shafts 23.24, and the leadscrew 27.28 is preferably toothed. They are connected together by an attached belt (belt) 30, so that they are attached to the upper die. A parallel vertical motion is applied to the base 20.

Cells 13 , 14 are connected to a digital reader 31 .

Upper dice 20 again. Connected to the shaft 33 of the M3 variable displacement transducer 34, the conversion A device 34 is carried by a portion of the frame 10 and is connected to a multimeter 35. has been done.

The compressive load applied to the cigarette is measured by cells 13 and 141C, and the digital reading device place 31 (e.g. sangam).

044) is displayed in newtons. Relative vertical displacement between upper and lower die is detected by a linear variable displacement transducer 34, which transforms the displacement into d, c, and voltage. Convert, part 6. a. Voltage should be displayed on multimeter 35.

Tobacco behaves according to the model shown in FIG.

For R and C, the force is proportional to the piston speed (kneetons/unit speed). , and in the springs Ke and Kr, the force is proportional to the displacement (two tons/unit f). Ta As the water content of the beans increases, the viscous dashpot reduces their viscosity. Let it be low, so that with low moisture, the douchepot resists movement, and the firmness is , the finger stiffness determined by Spring Mine Ke is predominant. In high moisture, The shepot is soft and the stiffness is determined by the lower spring II Kr. Residual hardness predominates.

When using, four or five cigarettes are fixed! i weight balance Tobacco filling! is spread on the lower die 16, and the tobacco is diameter-sized, typically Lower the upper die 20 until it is compressed into a 13 mm cylindrical cigarette shape. .

After about 10 minutes, a vertical force is applied to the lower die! is substantially stable, so read.

This force represents the residual force of spring Kr.

Residual force P is used as a comparative measurement for fixed die dimensions and tobacco weight If you divide the measurement by the projected area of the cylinder, the residual radial pressure of the filling will be can get.

Then the upper die 20 has a smaller diameter of about 111 or typically 8u. Give a small displacement and write down the additional force. The force divided by the displacement P is the spring force I will give you the straw king.

The measurement P is a comparative measurement for fixed die dimensions, tobacco weight and small displacements. Can be used as a value.

Alternatively, a small displacement in the cigarette volume v, The short-term elasticity or finger elasticity is the bulk modulus K.

It can be stated as PxV.

It is natural that the stiffness increases with the unit volume weight, so the stiffness index can be expressed as the specific volume V , Based on ヱ or! or defined based on the reciprocal of the density effective for small changes in can do.

Residual hardness - residual pressure ×! ×! = pv joules/kg Finger stiffness - Finger elasticity xV international search report

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. In a method for measuring the hardness of a cigarette having an elongated shape, a) Measure the standard cigarette size of a circular cross section across the sample length of the cigarette. b) Measure the compressive load (p) after a predetermined interval at which the compressive load becomes stable. established, c) Ascertain the load/area relationship that represents the desired residual radial pressure that represents long-term stiffness. A method that includes: 2. After compressing the tobacco into the circular cross section, the tobacco is maintained for the predetermined interval and further reduced to a smaller size. A compressive displacement is applied, and the change in pressure and displacement are measured, thereby determining the short-term stiffness. (K) can be calculated from the formula K=p/D×v/A2, and in that formula p = change in load, D = change in sample diameter, v = volume of cigarette, and A is circle 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projected area of a cylindrical volume. 3. In an apparatus for measuring the firmness of cigarette tobacco, a) a first female die member having a U-shaped slot; b) said U-shaped slot; Both have a semicircular cross section that can form a cavity with a cylindrical cross section that has standard cigarette dimensions. c) a second male die member having a groove; c) moving the die between the open and closed positions; a means of manually moving against the d) means for measuring the compressive force between the dies. 4. means are provided for measuring the relative displacement of the dies towards each other; Apparatus described in item 3 of the scope of request. 5. The second die is placed above the first die, and the force measuring means is arranged on top of the first die. The method according to claim 3 or 4, comprising a measuring cell supporting one die. equipment. 6. The means for moving the dies relative to each other includes a pair of screw devices. Apparatus described in item 4 of the scope of demand. 7. A belt is provided between the screw devices so that a parallel vertical motion is applied to the second die. 7. A device as claimed in claim 6, arranged to be provided. 8. said means for measuring relative displacement of said dies mechanically disposed on said second dies; Claims 6 or 7 comprising coupled linearly variable displacement transducers. equipment. 9. The first die has a U-shaped slot to facilitate loading the sample. The device according to claim 5, wherein the device is provided with a tapered inlet leading to the Place. 10. The second die has a thickness such that it provides a gap on each side between the slot walls 10. The device according to claim 9, being a flat rectangular member.