JPS6149929B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an aquaculture device that is capable of efficiently fattening aquatic crustaceans such as crabs and increasing yields with good yields.

Crustaceans such as gazami are expensive and in high demand as high-grade seafood.For example, gazami, which is abundant in the bays of various places except Hokkaido, is delicious and prized as food, but it is difficult to meet the demand. There were concerns that overfishing would lead to the depletion of natural resources.

In order to avoid this situation, each type of fish and shellfish is cultivated in a way that is suitable for their habits or environment, and this has achieved many successes as a so-called cultivation fishery.

However, unlike fish, crustaceans must molt their skin several times as they grow, but because their soft bodies are exposed immediately after they molt, they are attacked and eaten by their mates, resulting in intense cannibalism, resulting in a low survival rate. Because of the low yield, it was difficult for businesses to farm fish in a profitable manner. Therefore, it is a well-established theory that there is no effective way to avoid cannibalism due to their habits and to ensure a survival rate high enough to generate profits other than to isolate and raise each individual.

On the other hand, in order to carry out aquaculture on a commercial basis, it is necessary to raise them at a high density, and from this point of view, a breakthrough was needed in aquaculture, which requires isolation of each individual as described above.

Furthermore, when raising each individual in isolation, using conventional means, it is necessary to feed each individual individually, and any leftover food must be collected individually, all by hand, 2 to 5 times a day. However, if this process is repeated, labor costs will increase, and in order to allow manual labor, the aquarium used for rearing is rectangular and has a width and length that can be easily reached.
The length was set to be around 2.5m, and in order to make aquaculture profitable, it was necessary to have many tanks, necessitating a huge investment in equipment.

The present invention was created in consideration of the current situation,
The purpose of this project is to propose equipment that can be used to economically mass-culture crustaceans such as snails, which have a cannibalistic habit and are advantageous for individual rearing. Breeding cages consisting of a large number of permuted chambers are arranged in an orderly manner in a breeding tank so that the cultivated organisms can freely enter and exit each breeding chamber, and a feeding device is installed above the tank, and a group of breeding cages in the water is arranged in an orderly manner. To provide aquaculture equipment in which one or both of the feeding device and the feeding device on the upper part thereof rotate as appropriate and feed evenly while changing their relative positions to each other, thereby obtaining growing bodies with a high yield. The purpose is

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the aquaculture equipment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Select a region where it is easy to obtain young organisms, where it is easy to introduce water with a quality suitable for raising them, and where it is easy to obtain feed that is optimal for feeding, and grow the nursery tank 2.
Set 0. As shown in FIG. 1 or 2, this breeding tank 20 has an annular tank wall 1 with a horizontal upper edge, and a funnel-shaped tank bottom 2 that gradually becomes deeper toward the center. The structure is such that the metabolic waste products of the cultivated organisms move to the central part and can be extracted from the central part along with the waste water.

On the upper surface of the annular tank wall 1, support rollers 6, 6 whose axes are directed toward the center of the curing tank 20 are disposed, and these support rollers 6, 6 are rotatably supported to support the annular tank wall 1. A ring gear 5 having substantially the same shape as the upper surface of the tank wall 1 is mounted, a drive source 8 is installed on a base 9 mounted on the tank wall 1, and a drive pinion 7 connected to this is meshed and engaged with the ring gear 5. The ring gear 5 is caused to rotate on the upper surface of the tank wall 1 by driving the drive source 8.

On the other hand, in the center of the tank bottom 2, the drawing pipe 15 for residual feed, metabolic waste, etc. and waste water is conducted as described above, and the central support 10 is pivoted on a pivot provided so as not to interfere with the opening of the drawing pipe 15. erected.

Next, the upper end of the center column 10 and the ring gear 5
An appropriate number of cage suspension support rods 4, 4 for suspending the rearing cage 12 and positioning it below the water surface 3 of the irrigation water poured into the rearing tank 20 are installed radially between the cages and the rearing tank 20. is submerged in the water surface 3 to attach the upper and lower cage mounting frames 11, 11, and the cage suspension support rods 4, 4 above the water surface 3 are attached with or serve as a water injection pipe to enable water injection. The cage mounting frame 11 is provided with a ventilation pipe or is also used for the purpose of supplying air into the water.

In the intermediate area between the upper and lower cage mounting frames 11, which are provided in a plurality of concentric circles, a rearing cage 12 is fixed to various mounting frames as shown in FIG.
Furthermore, a scraper 13 for cleaning the tank bottom 2 is installed vertically from the lower cage mounting frame 11 via a scraper support rod 14.

In addition, a bridge 17 is constructed from an arbitrary point circumscribing the tank wall 1 and higher than the ring gear 5 toward the center column 10, and is supported via a thrust bearing at the top end surface of the rotatable center column 10. However, automatic bait throwing machines 16, 16 are provided on the upper surface of the bridge 17, as shown in FIG. 1 or 2. These automatic feeding machines 16, 16 are installed directly above each group of breeding cages 12 arranged concentrically, and the amount of bait thrown per unit time is proportional to the linear velocity of the 12 groups of breeding cages passing directly below them. Proportionally, the feed cage 12 gradually increases from near the center support 10 to near the ring gear 5, and passes directly under the automatic feeding machines 16, 16, regardless of whether it is in the center or the outer periphery. The feeding mechanism is adjusted and set in advance so as to provide evenly distributed feeding.

As shown in FIG. 3, the breeding cage 12 held between the upper and lower cage mounting frames 11 is
It is easy to attach or detach by engaging with the fourth
As shown in the side view shown in the figure, there are a plurality of breeding chambers 21 in which the angle between the two joining surfaces of each side plate and the top plate or each side plate and the bottom plate is an acute angle on one side and an obtuse angle on the other side from the vicinity of the tank bottom to the vicinity of the water surface. It is made of corrosion-resistant material with holes large enough to prevent the claws or limbs from passing through as the cultivated organisms grow and to prevent them from attacking the cultivated organisms in the next room. net 22
Each side plate, top plate, or each bottom plate is formed by the side plate, and resting pads 23, 23 are attached to each side of the acute angle portion defined by the side plate and the bottom plate. Crustaceans 24 that have a habit of constantly burrowing into the sand, such as crabgrass, do not like to be exposed and enter the habitat 25 which is hidden by rest pads 23, 23 in each rearing room 21. Since each breeding room 21 hides under the sand, there is no need to provide a sand bottom in each breeding room 21, which saves the labor of replacing the sand bottom, and the mesh bottom prevents residual food or metabolic waste from accumulating on the bottom plate of the breeding room 21. Without a doubt,
An advantage of the present invention is that the environmental water quality of the breeding cage 12 formed by layering the breeding chambers 21 can always be maintained at a good level. The form of the breeding cage 12 formed by a large number of breeding chambers arranged in permutations as described above includes, in addition to the structure in which the breeding chambers 21 are layered in an inclined position as shown in FIG. 4a,
Similarly, as shown in b, the breeding chambers 21 may be layered in a zigzag pattern, or the breeding chambers with open tops may be arranged side by side. In the case of a tilted posture as shown in a, it is convenient to store infants or take out grown bodies by opening and closing the front net of the habitat 25 using a resting button, and also in a zigzag posture as shown in b. If the living area 25 formed by both the resting pads 23, 23 is rotated around a line passing through the apex of the acute angle defined by the resting pads 23, 23 as the axis of rotation, and the living area 25 is partially detached, this habitat can be removed. Crustaceans such as sea breams that have been hiding in the section 25 can be taken out as they are, which is a very convenient method.

In this way, a large number of breeding cages are arranged and distributed at regular intervals in a breeding tank filled with water, and their relative positions with the automatic feeding machine installed on top of them are sequentially changed. In actual use of the aquaculture equipment of the present invention, which is configured to enable uniform feeding without
For example, when an automatic bait thrower passes while circling over breeding cages in which cultivated organisms are reared individually at regular intervals, or when a group of breeding cages is circling below an automatic bait thrower. During the passage, a certain amount of food is fed to the nurturing organisms, resulting in a well-balanced diet and smooth growth.

In addition, the breeding cage, which has a mesh except for the resting pad, allows feed to reach the breeding room smoothly through the openings, and also allows for good water circulation to maintain good environmental water quality. Remaining feed or metabolic wastes naturally fall to the bottom of the tank, maintaining suitable rearing conditions.

The remaining bait that has fallen to the bottom of the tank is collected at the center of the tank by a scraper that rotates in conjunction with the bottom of the tank that slopes toward the center of the tank and the cage mounting frame, and is drained or drained by a pull-out pipe that opens at that part. It is led out of the tank along with the circulating water, and the good quality portion of the remaining bait can be reused.

Next, a practical test example using the apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention will be shown.

The rearing tank has an inner diameter of 20 m, an effective depth of 1.5 m, and is filled with 700 Kl of water.The rearing tank is driven by a ring gear and is fed by an automatic feeding machine installed on a bridge with a group of rearing cages built above. state. The breeding organism is a gazami, and the size of each breeding room for each individual is 22cm x 25cm x 20cm, and 20 breeding rooms are gathered to form a breeding cage, and the number of cages in the breeding tank is 504 to 614. The number of hanging and rearing animals was 10,080 to 12,280.

First-instar young crabs were bred in this aquaculture facility, and fed with primarily fish meat and a mixture of clam shell meat, nettle, etc. as feed. It is known that increasing the number of feedings for the same total amount of feeding will bring about better results for the growth of snails. A bridge equipped with the cage is constructed, and the breeding cage group is rotated once per hour via cage suspension support rods and cage mounting frames, and at the same time, the amount of breeding cages is equally allocated to each individual regardless of whether they are near the center or near the periphery. When feeding was continued continuously while setting the feeding amount in this way, the cultivated organisms had more frequent feeding opportunities and an efficient growth rate was obtained. The initial 1st instar young crab grows to a total armor width of 17 cm after approximately 110 days of cultivation.
The adult crabs were 14 instars with an average weight of 300g, and they were obtained at a high yield.

In the embodiments described above, the automatic feeding machine was installed on a fixed bridge, but in another embodiment, a group of breeding cages is fixed in a circular or square breeding tank, and the bridge is rotated or reciprocated. It is also possible to perform automatic bait casting. In another embodiment, it is possible to rotate the group of rearing cages in the rearing tank and also rotate the bridge equipped with an automatic bait thrower above the rearing tank.

In the case of an embodiment in which the bridge is fixed, the water injection pipe and the ventilation pipe are attached to the bridge and are piped to the center column, for example, are led into the center column via a swivel joint, and can also be used as the water injection pipe or not. It also serves as a cage suspension support rod and a ventilation pipe, or feeds it into the cage mounting frame, and in the case of an embodiment in which the bridge rotates, it is piped into the training tank, and air is ejected into the water for ventilation. Alternatively, water can also be poured.

In addition, in an embodiment in which the bridge rotates, in order to constantly cast the bait by the automatic feeding machine, it is desirable to provide a feed reserve hopper on the bridge and supply feed to the automatic feeding machine through it. .

When using the aquatic crustacean aquaculture equipment of the present invention,
All the problems of conventional methods caused by low yields due to cannibalism and habits such as maintenance of habitat conditions have been solved, and efficient aquaculture has become possible and enterpriseability has been improved, making it extremely useful in industry. However, as long as the gist of the present invention is followed, the specific implementation is not limited to the examples of implementation described above.
Needless to say, all diversions, applications, and modifications derived therefrom are included within the technical scope of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 a and b are breeding It is a figure which illustrates the shape of a cage. 1... Tank wall, 2... Tank bottom, 3... Water surface, 4...
...Cage suspension support rod, 5...Ring gear, 10...Center support, 11...Cage mounting frame, 12...Breaking cage, 1
3... Scraper, 15... Draw pipe, 16... Automatic bait throwing machine, 17... Bridge, 20... Training tank,
21... Breeding room, 22... Net, 23... Rest area, 24... Cultivating organisms, 25... Habitat area.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A breeding tank with a tank bottom sloped toward the deepest part is filled with water, and a number of breeding cages each consisting of a plurality of individual breeding chambers are immersed under the water surface. A bridge is installed at the top of the breeding tank, and an automatic feeding machine is installed on the top surface of the bridge, and the relative position of the breeding cage group and the bridge in the breeding tank is determined by the movement of one or both of them. Aquatic crustacean aquaculture equipment characterized by having a configuration that allows continuous changes in the amount of water. 2. A patent claim in which the breeding cage has a structure in which a plurality of breeding chambers are stacked one on top of the other in which the angle between the two joining surfaces of each side plate and a top plate or each side plate and a bottom plate is an acute angle on one side and an obtuse angle on the other side. Aquaculture equipment for aquatic crustaceans as described in item 1. 3. A patent claim in which the rearing cage is made of a material with high corrosion resistance and is formed of an open-mesh mesh that cannot be penetrated by a part of the body such as the scissors or limbs of the cultivated organism housed inside. Aquaculture equipment for aquatic crustaceans as described in item 1. 4. The aquatic shell according to claim 2, wherein the rearing chamber has resting pads attached along each surface connection line of the acute angle portion formed by the side plate and the bottom plate to form a habitat for the rearing organisms. kind of aquaculture equipment. 5. The breeding room is provided with an opening/closing part on the opposite side of the habitat, or the habitat consisting of both resting pads rotates outward around the connecting line of each surface of the acute angle part and partially detaches, so that the part is removed. The aquaculture equipment for aquatic crustaceans according to claim 4, which has a structure that serves as an opening/closing part.