JPS6145735B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for efficiently dredging using underwater equipment and installations even in cases where waves are high and dredging by a dredger is impossible or extremely inefficient, and use in the method. The present invention relates to a water jet device.

Traditionally, when drifting sand accumulates in a port due to typhoons, droughts, etc., or sediment flows in from a river accumulates and impedes ship navigation, channel maintenance dredging is carried out using pump dredgers, grab dredgers, or drag dredgers. It's here. However, large dredgers cannot enter small fishing ports, so they have to rely on small dredgers. However, small dredgers may be directly affected by waves at the port entrance, resulting in a drop in operation rate, or if the waves are high, dredging operations may be difficult. There were drawbacks that made it extremely difficult. Additionally, in such cases, an underwater bulldozer can be used to move the sediment from the bottom of the water to a location that is not affected by waves in the port and does not pose a hindrance to navigating vessels, and then a dredger can be used to remove the sediment by suction. had the disadvantage of being inefficient and uneconomical.

As a result of our search for a dredging method that does not have the drawbacks mentioned above, the inventors of the present invention have developed an installation in which the upper surface is installed at a predetermined position above the water surface while moving earth and sand using a water jet device installed at the bottom of the water without using a dredger. The present invention was completed by discovering that dredging can be carried out efficiently without being affected by waves by suspending the suction head from the upper suspension device to the bottom of the water and sucking in and transporting the sediment on the bottom.

An object of the present invention is to provide a dredging method for efficiently and economically dredging and removing sediment at the bottom of the water without being affected by waves even in areas with high waves, and a water jet device used in the method.

That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, the suction head is suspended on the water bottom from a suspension device whose upper surface is located above the water surface and protrudes above the water surface from an installation installed at a predetermined position, and the suction head is changed in its installation position with respect to the water bottom. One or more water jet devices are installed at the bottom of the water to inject jet water diagonally downward to move sediment at the bottom far from the suction head to the vicinity of the suction head, and while driving the jet device, a sand pump is installed from the suction head. This invention relates to a dredging method characterized by sucking up sediment from the bottom of the water using suction force and transferring it through a transfer pipe.

A second aspect of the present invention also provides a structural frame that is placed on the earth and sand at the bottom of the water by means of legs, with a space provided between the earth and the earth;
One or more water pipes are provided with a large number of jet nozzles that spray jet water in a fixed diagonal downward direction and are fixed to the structural frame, a water pump that sends water to the water pipes, and a water pump that supplies water to the water pipes. The present invention relates to a water jet device characterized in that it is comprised of a connecting pipe that connects to a water pipe.

Furthermore, the third aspect of the present invention is provided with a structural frame that is installed by legs on the sand and sand at the bottom of the water at a distance from the sand, and a large number of jet nozzles that spray jet water in a certain diagonal downward direction. One or more water pipes fixed to the structural frame, a water pump that sends water to the water pipe, a connecting pipe that connects the water pump and the water pipe, and the structural frame and the water pipe. The present invention relates to a water jet device characterized by comprising a cover that covers the legs except for the sides in the jet water jetting direction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Each invention will be described in detail below with reference to drawings showing embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the first invention (dredging method), Fig. 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of the second invention (water jet device), and Fig. 3 is a front view of the same. figure,
4 is a bottom view of the same, FIG. 5 is a side view of the same, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory perspective view of one embodiment of the third present invention (water jet device).

First, the first invention will be explained in detail.

In the drawing, 1 is an installation whose upper surface is located above the water surface and is installed in a predetermined position. Fig. 1 shows a seawall, but there are also breakwaters, piers on which suspension equipment can run, and structures above the water surface. Floating bodies such as floating piers or barges that are fixed in place can also be used.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a suspension device installed on the installation object 1 and protruding above the water surface, and although a truck crane is used in FIG. 1, other devices may be used. A suction head 3 is suspended from the tip of the suspension device 2 to the bottom of the water. The suction head 3 sucks sediment 5 from the bottom of the water from the suction head 3 into a sand discharge area 7.
Sand pump 4 and transfer pipe 6 for transferring to
are connected. In FIG. 1, the transfer pipe 6 is made up of a flexible hose 6a, a sea pipe 6b, and a land pipe 6c, but various pipes may be appropriately selected and arranged depending on the topography and the installation position of the sand pump 4. . Although the sand pump 4 is directly connected to the suction head 3 in FIG. 1, the sand pump 4 may be installed in the middle of the transfer pipe 6, and can be installed either underwater or on land.
Naturally, as the sand pump 4, an underwater sand pump is used when installed underwater, and a land sand pump is used when installed on land.

On the other hand, a water jet device 8 is installed at a certain distance from the suction head 3 at the bottom of the water. The water jet device 8 sprays jet water diagonally downward to remove sediment 5 at the bottom of the water at a location far from the suction head 3.
a can be moved to the vicinity of the suction head 3, and the installation position of the water jet device 8 itself relative to the water bottom can be changed by a method such as suspension. One or more water jet devices 8 are installed, and the more water jet devices 8 are installed, the less the positional movement is required, and the more soil 5 on the water bottom can be moved to the vicinity of the suction head 3 over a wider area. Next, the water jet device 8, which is the second aspect of the present invention, will be explained in more detail. In FIGS. 2 to 5, reference numeral 9 denotes a structural frame, which is placed on the earth and sand 5 at the bottom of the water by means of legs 10 with a space provided therebetween. It is preferable to provide a flat plate 11 at the tip of the leg 10 so as to maintain a distance between the structural frame 9 and the earth and sand 5 at the bottom of the water and enable stable grounding without sinking into the earth and sand. Reference numeral 12 designates a reinforcing frame material which is a main component of the structural frame 9 to prevent the water jet device 8 from being destroyed when lifting or suspending it, and 13 similarly designates a reinforcing diagonal member. In the illustrated embodiment, the water pipe 14, which will be described below, also serves as a lower frame material that configures the structural frame 9 into a three-dimensional structure, but a dedicated lower frame material may also be used. One or more water pipes 14 (three in the figure) are horizontally fixed to the structural frame 9, and each water pipe 14 has a fixed downward angle (in the figure, a fixed angle in the vertical plane including the water pipe 14). diagonally downward)
A large number of jet nozzles 15 are provided for injecting jet water to the water pipes 14, and each water pipe 14 is connected to a water pump 17 by a connecting pipe 16. Although the water pump 17 is shown installed directly on the reinforcing frame material 12 of the structural frame 9 in the figure, it can be installed at any suitable location other than the structural frame 9, underwater or on land. Naturally, when the water pump 17 is installed underwater, a submersible pump is used, and a submersible sand pump is also used as the submersible pump. Moreover, when installed on land, a land water pump is used, but in this case, a connecting pipe 16 that connects the water source and the water pump 17 is also required.

Preferably, the structural frame 9 is provided with a suspension hook 18 for lifting the water jet device 8. For example, a wire rope or the like may be connected to this hooking portion 18 as shown in Fig. 1, and a float or the like to be floated on the water surface may be connected to the other end, and a flag or other conspicuous sign may be attached to this float. By attaching it, it is also possible to indicate the location where the water jet device 8 at the bottom of the water is installed.

A third aspect of the present invention is a water jet device having the same configuration as the second aspect of the present invention, a structural frame 9 that is additionally provided with a reinforcing frame member 12 and a reinforcing diagonal member 13, and a water pipe 14 for jetting jet water. It consists of a cover 19 that covers up to the legs except for the side parts. However, since it is preferable that the cover 19 surrounds the outside of the water pipe 14 with sufficient margin, for example, as shown in FIGS.
In the water jet device shown in the figure, it is preferable to use a water jet device in which the width of the structural pedestal 9 is increased, and dedicated lower frame members are used at both ends in the width direction, and the water jet device is covered with a cover 19. A perspective view of one example is shown in FIG. Returning to the original explanation, the first invention will be explained together with the effects of the second and third inventions. When the water jet device 8 is driven, water is jetted from the jet nozzle 15 in the diagonally downward direction, and the earth and sand 5a at the bottom far from the suction head 3 is fluidized and moved to the vicinity of the suction head 3. In this way, the water jet device 8
If you drive the sand pump 4 while driving the suction head 3, the sand 5b on the bottom of the water near the suction head 3 will of course be removed.
Since the sediment 5a on the water bottom far from the suction head 3 also moves to the vicinity of the suction head 3, even the sediment on the water bottom that is quite far away from the suction head 3 is sucked from the suction head 3 by the suction force of the sand pump 4 and is transferred through the transfer pipe 6. It is dumped into the sand disposal area 7. As shown in FIG.
is moved within the crane outreach range, preferably a plurality of water jet devices 8 are arranged radially outside the crane outreach range, and the earth and sand 5a on the water bottom is moved from outside the crane outreach range to the inside. Sediment 5a, 5b on the bottom of the water over a wider area can be sucked in from the suction head 3, transferred and disposed of. Water jet device 8
When using the water jet device 8 covered with covers 19 other than the sides in the jetting direction, the jetting force does not dissipate and is concentrated only in the jetting direction, so the sediment 5a at the bottom of the water can be moved even more strongly over long distances. can be done. Further, the water jet device 8 can also move the earth and sand 5a on the water bottom over a wide range to the vicinity of the suction head 3 while changing the installation position on the water bottom using the suspension hook 18 or the like. If the installation position of the water pump 17 is close to the jet nozzle 15 and the water pump 17 sucks in a large amount of sediment due to the thick sediment 5a at the bottom of the water being thrown up during injection, it is recommended to use a sand pump as the water pump 17. . Furthermore, when the sand pump 4 and the water pump 17 are installed underwater, the operating efficiency is good, while when they are installed on land, maintenance is easy.

As explained in detail above, the dredging method according to the present invention using the water jet device according to the present invention includes:
There is no need to use a dredger at all, and the dredging method is carried out using equipment whose upper surface is located above the water surface and installed in a predetermined position, and equipment installed at the bottom of the water. Dredging can be carried out efficiently and economically even in small fishing ports and areas with large waves, making it extremely valuable for maintaining port functions and ensuring safe ship navigation. Furthermore, the water jet device according to the present invention has a simple structure, can be manufactured at low cost, and can be easily manufactured.Furthermore, since it is installed and used on the water bottom, it is not affected by waves and can effectively send sediment from the water bottom to the vicinity of the suction head. It has the feature of being easily movable and is an industrially valuable device that can effectively carry out dredging work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the first invention (dredging method), Fig. 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of the second invention (water jet device), and Fig. 3 is a front view of the same. , FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the same, FIG. 5 is a side view of the same, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory perspective view of one embodiment of the third present invention (water jet device). 1... Installation object, 2... Suspension device, 3... Suction head, 4... Sand pump, 5... Sediment at the bottom of the water, 5a
...Sediment on the bottom of the water far from the suction head, 5b...
Earth and sand on the water bottom near the suction head, 6...transfer pipe, 6a...flexible hose, 6b...marine pipe,
6c... Land pipe, 7... Sand removal area, 8... Water jet device, 9... Structural frame, 10... Leg, 11... Flat plate, 12
... Reinforcement frame, 13 ... Reinforcement diagonal material, 14 ... Water pipe, 15 ... Jet nozzle, 16 ... Connection pipe, 17
...Water pump, 18. Hanging part, 19. Cover.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The suction head is suspended on the water bottom from a suspension device whose upper surface is located above the water surface and protrudes above the water surface from an installation installed at a predetermined position, and the installation position with respect to the water bottom can be changed. installing one or more water jet devices on the bottom of the water that spray jet water obliquely downward to move sediment on the bottom far from the suction head to the vicinity of the suction head;
A dredging method characterized in that, while driving the water jet device, earth and sand at the bottom of the water are suctioned from the suction head by the suction force of the sand pump and transferred through a transfer pipe. 2. The dredging method according to claim 1, wherein a breakwater is used as an installation whose upper surface is located above the water surface and is installed at a predetermined position. 3. The dredging method according to claim 1, wherein a revetment is used as an installation whose upper surface is located above the water surface and is installed at a predetermined position. 4. The dredging method according to claim 1, wherein a pier is used as an installation object whose upper surface is located above the water surface and on which a suspension device can run. 5. The dredging method according to claim 1, wherein a floating body is used as the installation object whose upper surface is located above the water surface and is installed at a predetermined position. 6. The dredging method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which uses a crane as the suspension device. 7 Multiple water jet devices are installed in a radial pattern on the water bottom outside the crane outreach range, and the jet water is used to move accumulated sediment from outside the crane outreach range to the inside, while the suction head is moved by crane operation. The dredging method according to claim 5, wherein the dredging method is moved within an outreach area. 8. The dredging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a submersible sand pump is used as the sand pump. 9. The dredging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a land-based sand pump is used as the sand pump. 10 A structural pedestal is installed on the sand at the bottom of the water by means of legs at a distance from the earth and sand, and a number of jet nozzles for spraying jet water in a certain diagonal downward direction are provided and fixed to the structural pedestal. A water jet device comprising one or more water pipes, a water pump that sends water to the water pipes, and a connecting pipe that connects the water pump and the water pipes. 11. The water jet device according to claim 10, wherein the water pump is a submersible pump. 12. The water jet device according to claim 11, wherein the submersible pump is a submersible sand pump. 13. The water jet device according to claim 10, wherein the water pump is a land water pump. 14. The water jet device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the structural frame is provided with a hanging part for suspension. 15 A structural frame that is placed on the earth and sand at the bottom of the water by means of legs at a distance from the earth and sand, and a large number of jet nozzles that spray jet water downward at a certain angle are provided and are fixed to the structural frame. one or more water pipes connected to the water pipe, a water pump that sends water to the water pipe, a connecting pipe that connects the water pump and the water pipe, and a structure that connects the structural frame and the water pipe in the jetting direction of jet water. A water jet device comprising: a cover that covers the legs except for the sides of the water jet device. 16. The water jet device according to claim 15, wherein the water pump is a submersible pump. 17. The water jet device according to claim 16, wherein the submersible pump is a submersible sand pump. 18. The water jet device according to claim 15, wherein the water pump is a land water pump. 19. The water jet device according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the structural frame is provided with a hanging part for suspension.