JPS6144770Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a machine tool that processes a workpiece by grinding, cutting, etc., and in particular, the workpiece is placed and fixed on a mounting table attached to the machine body. The present invention relates to a machine tool with a workpiece measurement function that enables highly accurate measurement of the machining amount of a workpiece.

Conventionally, when trying to accurately measure the amount of grinding of a workpiece processed by a machine tool such as a surface grinder in microns, the machine tool itself measures the workpiece with high accuracy. Since the workpiece was not equipped with such functionality, the workpiece was removed from the mounting table and measured using a separately prepared measuring tool such as a caliper or micrometer, or a measuring device such as a height gauge or indicator. .

In this way, when the workpiece is removed from the machine tool and measured, not only is it unavoidable that installation errors occur when the workpiece is reinstalled on the machine tool after measurement, but also the workpiece may be damaged when reinstalled. This requires cleaning of the mounting surface, which significantly reduces work efficiency. Furthermore, if the workpiece is heavy, the worker's labor will be significant.
This further worsens work efficiency.

Therefore, the present invention makes it possible to measure the amount of machining such as the amount of grinding of a workpiece with extremely high precision, in the same way as using a height gauge, etc., without removing the workpiece from the machine tool. This was proposed for the purpose of improving the efficiency of such operations and providing an accurate measurement of the amount of machining.

Hereinafter, as a specific embodiment of the present invention, an example in which the present invention is applied to a surface grinder will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, in a surface grinder as a machine tool to which the present invention is applied, a workpiece 2 such as a metal body is positioned and placed at a predetermined position via a fixing means 5 such as an electromagnetic chuck. Fixed, the workpiece 2
A mounting table 3, which is a first movable part, is capable of reciprocating in one direction (arrow X direction in FIG. 1) as a processing direction for grinding by a driving means such as a hydraulic cylinder; A saddle 4, which is a second movable part capable of reciprocating in a direction perpendicular to the movement direction (direction of arrow Y in FIG. 1) and to which the mounting table 3 is positioned and attached, is attached to the machine body 1 including the base. ing. Furthermore, this surface grinder includes a grinding tool 6 such as a grindstone, which is a processing tool for grinding the workpiece 2.
a processing section 8 in which a processing section 8 is provided, and a drive section 10 composed of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, which supports this processing section 8 and operates it reciprocally in the height direction of the machine body 1 (direction of arrow Z in FIG. 1). It has a processing section drive device 11 consisting of. In addition, the above-mentioned grinding tool 6
is rotatably supported by a drive shaft of a power supply motor 12 attached to the processing section 8, and is driven to rotate during grinding so as to perform the grinding of the workpiece 2.

By the way, the mounting table 3 on which the workpiece 2 is placed and fixed is moved downwardly in the machine body 1 by the action of the drive unit 10 during the grinding process of the workpiece 2 to set the workpiece 2. The grinding tool 6 is controlled to be moved in one of the arrow X directions in synchronization with the machining speed of the grinding tool 6 that grinds a predetermined amount. In addition, saddle 4
In order to set the relative positional relationship between the grinding tool 6 and the grinding position of the workpiece 2 placed and fixed on the mounting table 3, a rotation means provided in the machine body 1 together with the above-mentioned mounting table 3 is used. A movement operation is performed as appropriate in the direction of arrow Y.

A surface grinder having such a configuration includes a first measuring unit 15 that measures the length of the mounting table 3 in the direction of movement (arrow X direction in the center of FIG. The second measuring unit 16 measures the length in the direction of the arrow Y in the figure) and the moving direction of the processing unit drive device 11 (the direction of the arrow Z in Figure 1).
A third measuring unit 17 is provided for measuring the height over the area. These first, second, and third measurement units 15, 16, and 17 have detection heads 21, 22, and 23 that slide on magnetic scales 18, 19, and 20 that are high-precision scales, or move at predetermined intervals. move it apart and detect the amount of movement,
A magnetic scale device is used that measures the detected movement amount as a measurement length. A magnetic scale 18 constituting the first measuring unit 15
is fixed to the machine body 1 so as to be parallel to the moving direction of the mounting table 3, and the detection head 21 is in sliding contact with the magnetic scale 18 on a part of the mounting table 3 so that it can move together with the mounting table 3. It is installed as follows.

2, the magnetic scale 19 constituting the second measuring unit 16 is fixed to the machine body 1 so as to be parallel to the moving direction of the saddle 4, and the detection head 22 is attached to a part of the saddle 4 so as to be in sliding contact with the magnetic scale 19 so as to be movable together with the saddle 4. Furthermore, the magnetic scale 20 constituting the third measuring unit 17 is supported by a support shaft 25 erected on one side of the machining section 8 of the driving device 11 so as to be parallel to the moving direction of the machining section driving device 11, and the detection head 23 slides on the support shaft 25 and is incorporated in a slider unit 27 supporting a position detecting device described later, and is attached so as to be slidable relative to the magnetic scale 20.

By the way, the first and second measurement units 15,
Each of the 16 magnetic scales 18 and 19 is placed at a position such that the measuring point of the workpiece 2 placed and fixed on the mounting table 3, for example, a portion ground by the grinding tool 6, is located approximately directly above. The mounting table 3 and the saddle 4 are arranged at respective lower surface side positions. By attaching the magnetic scales 18 and 19 to the machine body 1 as described above, the distance between the measurement point and the magnetic scales 18 and 19 can be reduced.
Allows for more accurate measurements.

In addition, the measurement points of each measurement unit 15, 16, 17 are detected, and the measurement points of each measurement unit 15, 17 are detected.
A three-dimensional response type position detection device 31 outputs a position detection signal for controlling the operation of a display unit 29 provided in the machine body 1 that counts and displays the measured quantities by the detection heads 21, 22, and 23 of 16 and 17. It is attached via a slider unit 27 that supports the detection head 23 of the unit 17 of No. 3.
Therefore, the position detection device 31 is attached to the support shaft 25 that supports the magnetic scale 20 of the third measurement unit 17 so as to be slidable along with the detection head 25 in the height direction of the machine body 1. It will be done.

The three-dimensional response type position detection device 31 attached via the slider unit 27 is constructed as shown in FIG. 3. The position detection device 31 shown in FIG. 3 has a cylindrical body 35 having a spherical conductive detector 34 at its tip attached to the axis of a disk-shaped fixing plate 33. It has a detector block 38 in which three support pins 36 electrically connected to the measuring element 34 serving as a movable contact are protruded from each other at equal intervals so as to be radial in the horizontal direction of the outer peripheral surface. A housing 39 in which this detector block 38 is housed and held
Inside are the support pins 3 of the detector block 38.
A pair of planted pins 40 that support 6 and serve as fixed contacts.
First, second, and third pin blocks 40, 41, and 42 are provided, which are constructed by planting pin blocks a, 40b, 41a, 41b, 42a, and 42b in a V shape. The housing 39 also includes a detector block 38 housed within the housing 39.
A pivot shaft 44 is screwed so that its tip faces in the axial direction of the fixed plate 33. Then, the detector block 38 connects each support pin 36 to the first
Each pair of planting pins 40a, 40b, 41a, 41 of the second and third pin blocks 40, 41, 42
The coil spring 48 is positioned so as to be sandwiched between the coil springs 48 and 42b, and one end of the coil spring 48 is fitted into a fitting recess 46 formed in the axial center of one end surface of the fixed plate 33. The pivot bearing 50 is elastically energized by the action of 48.
The pivot shaft 44 is housed and held in the housing 39 via a pivot bearing mechanism 52 which is configured by pressing the pivot shaft 44 into contact with the pivot shaft 44 .

In addition, first and second pin blocks 40 and 41 that support each support pin 36 of the detector block 38
The one and the other planting pins 40a, 41b are connected to the detection head 2 of each measurement unit 15, 16, 17.
The second and third pin blocks adjacent to each other are connected via lead wires 54 and 55 to a connector (not shown) that is connected via a connection cord to a display unit 29 into which the detection outputs from 1, 22, and 23 are input. 41, 42 and one planting pin 41
b, 42a and third and first pin blocks 4
The other planting pins 42b and 41b of 2 and 41 are electrically connected via lead wires 57 and 57, respectively.

By the way, the detector block 38 housed and held within the housing 39 as described above is supported via the pivot bearing mechanism 52 and is supported by the coil spring 4.
Since it is elastically supported by the action of 8, it can be freely displaced in any direction around the axis. Therefore, in the normal state, each support pin 36 is activated by the spring force of the coil spring 48, so that each pair of planting pins 40a, 40b, 41a, 41b, 42 of the first, second, and third pin blocks 40, 41, 42
a, 42b, the first,
The second and third pin blocks 40, 41, 42 are brought into conduction.

When the detector 34 is pressed and energized in any direction, the detector block 38 is displaced in accordance with the pressing direction, and a pair of planting pins 40a, 40b are planted in a V-shape. , 41a, 41b, 42
The support pins 36, which are only pressed against the coil springs 48 by the action of the coil springs 48, are at least the above-mentioned upright pins 40a, 40b, 41a, 41b,
The lead wires 54 and 55, which are separated from one of the leads 42a and 42b and connected to the connector, are in a non-conducting state. Then, the detector block 38 is displaced by being pressed and energized, and the lead wires 54, 55 are displaced.
When switching between the conductive state and the non-conductive state, this position detection device 31 detects the display unit 2.
9 outputs a position detection signal for operation control. This position detection signal is input to a control box provided in the display unit 29 and subjected to signal processing, and the display counter of the display unit 29 is automatically reset by the position detection signal input for the first time, and is input for the second time. The display counter is used to latch the display counter based on the position detection signal.

The operation for measuring, for example, the amount of grinding of the workpiece 2 using the present invention configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

First, when measuring the workpiece 2, the power supply of the display unit 29 is turned on. Then, the depth of the workpiece 2 ground by the grinding tool 6, i.e., the first
To measure the height H in the direction of the arrow Z in the figure, the position detector 31 is slid along the support shaft 25 supporting the magnetic scale 20 of the third measuring unit 17, and the detector 34 of the position detector 31 is brought into contact with a point a on the ground bottom surface of the workpiece 2 as shown in FIG. 5A. This contact displaces the detector block 38, and the position detector 31
As described above, the position detection signal is output. The position detection signal output by this first contact is
The first, second and third measurement units 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 are connected to a control box 57 via an interface circuit 59.
The detected value is input to the first, second and third display counters 61, 62 and 63 connected to the third measuring unit 17, and these display counters 61, 62 and 63 are reset. When the detection head 23 of the third measuring unit 17 is slid on the magnetic scale 20 together with the position detector 31, the amount of movement of the detection head 23 is input to the display counter 61 corresponding to the third measuring unit 17.
The count is displayed on the counter 3. Then, the detector 34 of the position detector 31, which has been slid together with the detection head 23, is brought into contact with the desired measurement point b of the workpiece 2. Then, this second contact causes the position detector 31 to output a position detection signal in the same manner as the first contact, and this position detection signal is input to the first, second and third display counters 61, 62 and 63 via the interface circuit 59 in the control box 57 in the same manner as described above.
These counters 61, 62, and 63 are latched.
Therefore, the position detector 31 first contacts the
The amount of movement detected by the detection head 23 of the third measuring unit 17 which slides on the magnetic scale 20 together with the position detection device 31 from point a to point b where the second contact occurs is counted up by the third display counter 6.
The height H from point a to point b is displayed on the display 3 and can be measured. The measurement data obtained here is input to the data memory circuit 65 of the control box 57 and stored therein.

In addition, in order to measure the width W of the workpiece 2 ground by the grinding tool 6 in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. Then, while performing a sliding operation, the saddle 4 on which the mounting table 3 on which the workpiece 2 was placed and fixed was mounted and fixed was moved in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG.
The detector 34 is brought into contact with one point c on the side surface of the workpiece 2, and each display counter 61, 62, 63 is displayed as described above.
Reset. Here, the position detection device 31 is slid along the support shaft 25, and the saddle 4 is
is moved in the direction of arrow Y to bring the detector 34 into contact with a desired measurement point d on the workpiece 2. Then, as in the case described above, the width W from point c, where the position detection device 31 makes contact for the first time, to point d, where the position detection device 31 makes contact for the second time, latches the display of each display counter 61, 62, 63, is 4 and which slides on the magnetic scale 19 constituting the second measuring unit 16 as the saddle 4 moves. is displayed on the second display counter 62 corresponding to , and the width W from point c to point d is measured. The measurement data measured here is also input to the data storage circuit 65 of the control box 57 and stored therein.

Furthermore, when measuring the length L of the workpiece 2 in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. Move the mounting table 3 in the direction of the arrow X above.
If the detector 34 detects the position of two points on the workpiece 2 in the direction of the arrow X by moving the workpiece in the can be measured.

Here, after measuring in the directions of arrows X, Y, and Z in FIG.
1, 62, and 63, dimensions in each direction can be displayed at once.Also, by inputting each of the above measurement data to a calculator 69 equipped with a printout function via an interface circuit 67, , it is also possible to print and display each measurement data.

By the way, the width W ₁ of the workpiece 2, that is, the first
When measuring in the arrow X direction or the arrow Y direction in the figure, a slope 71 is provided on at least one side surface 70.
In such a case, as shown in FIG. 6, an auxiliary tool 72 having an L-shaped magnet is prepared. Then, the tip side bent piece 73 of this auxiliary tool 72
is arranged to face the slope 71, and a micro roller 74 is placed between the bent piece 73 and the slope 71.
The auxiliary tool 72 is attracted to the workpiece 2 by interposing the auxiliary tool 72 to form a surface parallel to the side surface 70 including the slope 71. By forming a surface parallel to the side surface 70 that serves as a predetermined measurement point in this way and using this surface as one of the measurement points, it becomes possible for the position detection device 31 to perform accurate position detection.

In addition, when measuring the width W ₁ of the workpiece 2, when moving the mounting table 3 or the saddle 4 to bring the detector 34 of the position detection device 31 into contact from one measurement point to the other measurement point, In order to eliminate measurement errors that occur when the mounting table 3, etc. moves beyond the other measurement point and returns to the other measurement point, a standard is set so that it is flush with the side surface 75 that is the other measurement point. An auxiliary tool 77 made of a magnet having a surface 76 is prepared. Then, by adsorbing this auxiliary tool 77 to the side surface 75 so that a part of it protrudes from the upper surface of the workpiece 2 through the reference surface 76 side, the mounting table 3 etc. are moved and moved to the other measurement point. Even in the case where the detector 34 exceeds the distance, the detector 34 comes into contact with the reference surface 76 of the auxiliary tool 77 during its movement and outputs a position detection signal, so there is no so-called backlash error. Accurate measurements can be made.

According to the present invention as described above, the amount of processing or the workpiece itself can be measured in three dimensions immediately after processing with the processing tool without removing the workpiece from the mounting table of the machine body. .

Therefore, even if the amount of machining such as the amount of grinding is insufficient, the grinding process can be immediately performed again, so that the grinding process can be performed while measuring on the machine body until the final finish. As a result, it is possible to prevent installation errors that would otherwise occur when removing the workpiece from the mounting table and reinstalling it on the mounting table, making it possible to not only perform grinding with extremely high precision but also achieve a significant improvement in work efficiency. .

In particular, since the present invention uses a magnetic scale device as a measuring unit, the measurement accuracy is extremely high.

Furthermore, since the measurement of the workpiece is carried out using a measuring unit pre-installed in the machine, no technical skill is required for the measurement, and high precision measurement is possible with easy operation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of how a measuring unit for measuring the length of the mounting table in the moving direction is attached. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a position detection device constituting the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the measuring system of the machine of the present invention, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams showing an example of measuring a workpiece according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a side view showing an auxiliary tool used when measuring a workpiece according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Machine main body, 2... Workpiece, 3... Mounting table, 4... Saddle, 6... Grinding tool, 8... Processing section, 10... Drive section, 11... Processing section drive device,
15...first measurement unit, 16...second measurement unit, 17...third measurement unit, 1
8, 19, 20...magnetic scale, 21, 22,
23...detection head, 27...slider unit, 29...display unit, 31...position detection device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A first movable part on which a workpiece is placed and is reciprocally movable in one direction, and a second movable part that is positioned so as to be reciprocally movable in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the first movable part. , a machine tool having a machining part drive device having a drive part that supports a machining part in which a processing tool for a workpiece is provided in a reciprocating manner in a direction orthogonal to the first and second movable parts; A high-precision scale provided on the machine body parallel to the moving direction of the movable part and the first movable part move together with the first movable part.
a first measuring unit that measures the length in the moving direction of the first movable part, which comprises a detection head that detects the amount of movement of the movable part; A second movable part for measuring the length of the second movable part in the moving direction, comprising a high-precision scale and a detection head that moves together with the second movable part and detects the amount of movement of the second movable part. A high-precision scale is installed in the processing section drive device so as to be parallel to the moving direction of the processing section drive device, and a detection head is slidable relative to the high-precision scale. A third measuring unit is provided to measure the length in the moving direction of the processing unit drive device, and each high-precision scale of the first and second measuring units attached to the machine body has a measurement point on the workpiece. The slider unit includes a three-dimensional response type position detection device which is arranged so as to be located almost directly above the slider unit and which outputs a position detection signal for controlling the operation of a display unit that counts and displays the amount measured by each of the measurement units. A support shaft that supports the high precision scale of the third measurement unit is provided with a workpiece measurement function so that the support shaft can slide together with the detection head of the third measurement unit. Machine Tools.