JPS6144605B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a chuck having a radially adjustable chuck yaw within the chuck body, the chuck yaw being in frictional connection with a drive member individually or together for the adjusting movement thereof. and positively engaged, in which case the chuck jaw is divided radially and perpendicularly to the chuck axis into an axially forward jaw part and an axially rearward jaw part. , and both jaw parts are guided in the chuck body so as to be adjustable and movable independently in the radial direction, and only the rear jaw part engages the drive member, and the coupling is in the coupled and uncoupled state. a radially fixed slide whose piece is guided in the rear jaw section parallel to the chuck axis;
The slider, in its coupled state, connects both jaw parts in order to cause the front jaw part to be radially entrained by the rear jaw part, and in its uncoupled state, the front jaw part. for adjusting the jaw part of the rear jaw part in the radial direction independently of the rear jaw part, and said slider is free for adjusting movement from the coupled state to the uncoupled state or from the uncoupled state to the coupled state. Therefore, it can be driven by an adjusting member that can be operated from the outside, and the adjusting member itself is a spring.
A type that is movably guided approximately radially in the rear jaw part against a return force acting radially outward and has a guide surface for axial drive of the slider. relating to things.

With chucks of the above type, it is only necessary to replace the front jaw part, and the two jaw parts can be connected together for workpiece clamping by simply adjusting the connecting piece, or both jaw parts can be connected to each other for clamping the workpiece. It has the advantage that the front jaw parts can be separated from each other for replacement. If the two jaw parts are separated, the front jaw part can be replaced or adjusted relative to the rear jaw part, without changing its position within the chuck body. It remains in frictional and form-locking engagement with the drive member which causes adjustment of the movement of the jaw, in particular in the radial direction. This engagement therefore does not need to be disengaged beforehand when replacing the jaw.

In order to adjust the coupling slider in such chucks, it is necessary to manually manipulate the adjustment elements for the individual coupling parts individually. This operation is particularly difficult because, due to the rotary position in which the chuck is stationary, not all of the adjusting members are in the same easy-to-operate position, and after actuating one adjusting member the chuck must be pressed in order to operate the next one. This is particularly time consuming and complicated if the holder has to be rotated.

The object of the invention is to improve a chuck of the type mentioned in the introduction, in such a way that all adjusting elements can be operated easily and, in this case, in particular, incorrect operation of the adjusting elements is prevented. .

According to the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows. That is to say, in chucks of the type mentioned in the introduction, a rotatable solution is provided in which the adjusting member is coaxially supported on the outer periphery of the chuck body at its radially outer end in a direction radially outwards under the return force of a spring. The locking ring holds the slider in a position corresponding to the unlocked state, and the locking ring for the adjustment member has a notch, and the locking ring is held in a position corresponding to the unlocked state of the slider. When the adjusting member and the unlocking ring are in the corresponding rotational position, the spring force moves the slider of the chuck to the connected state.
It is solved by entering. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the recess of the unlocking ring has an adjusting side surface that is inclined in the direction of rotation that causes the slider to be uncoupled; The adjustment element can be adjusted radially inwardly via the adjustment side, and the slide can thereby be adjusted into the uncoupled state.

The advantages obtained by the present invention are first recognized in the following points. That is, in the chuck according to the present invention, by having an unlocking ring that allows a tool etc. to be brought close to the chuck body in any rotation angle position, the ring can be moved around the outer circumference of the chuck body. All adjustment members can be easily operated by simple rotation. Furthermore, when the adjusting element is in a position corresponding to the slider connection, protruding into the unlocking ring recess, the unlocking ring, which engages on the adjusting element, prevents it from being pushed in accidentally. This pushing-in can lead to an unintentional and even dangerous release of the connection between the two jaw parts.

According to the invention, the adjusting elements are always adjusted together and simultaneously by the rotation of the unlocking ring, i.e. the adjusting elements simultaneously adjust the slider into the decoupling position in all chuck positions of the chuck. is also possible. In this case, if the chuck guide happens to point downward at a certain rotational position of the chuck, the chuck being guided will be taken out downward from the chuck body, while the other chucks will move upward and/or to the side. It can be taken out from the chuck body. It cannot always be guaranteed with safe certainty that the electrical safety circuit which prevents the restart of the lathe when the slider is in the uncoupled position will never fail. A failure of such a safety circuit could, for example, result in an accidental restart of the lathe if the slider is in the uncoupled state after one of the chuck jaws has been replaced, and the other, as yet uncoupled chuck jaw jumps out of the chuck body. It can cause the effect of emitting.

However, these difficulties can be solved in a simple manner by doing the following. This means that at any given time, only one of the adjusting elements can be pushed radially into the chuck body by means of the locking ring, and all the remaining adjusting elements can be pushed radially outwards into the recess of the locking ring. This can be solved by moving inwards. In its simplest form, this can be accomplished as follows. That is, the notch extends continuously over the inner circumference of the unlocking ring,
It is interrupted only by a stopper surface for the adjustment member, said stopper surface being shorter, viewed in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring, than the distance between two adjacent adjustment members in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring. It is. Particularly in this case, in order to actuate successive adjustment elements, the unlocking ring must be rotated through a relatively large angle, ie through an angle approximately equal to the angle between the chucks. In order to reduce this rotation angle and thereby make the manual operation of the unlocking ring even easier, a large number of stopper surfaces are provided, and the stopper surfaces located between the notches are arranged in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring. The length and angular position about the chuck axis are offset with respect to the above-mentioned length and angular position of the chuck, so that only one of the adjusting members always remains in the stop surface when the unlocking ring is rotated. , and assumes a position corresponding to the uncoupled state of the slider, the other adjustment member protruding into the recess. The configuration of the stopper surface as described above can be realized in the simplest form as follows. That is, the stopper surfaces are arranged more densely than the chucks in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring by at least the length of the stopper surfaces,
In addition, a circumferential spacing between two of the stopper surfaces is larger than that between the other stopper surfaces, so that the sum of all angles over the entire circumference of the ring is 360°. .

According to such a configuration, the chuck jaws are always uncoupled in sequence, in other words, the two jaw parts of only one of the chuck jaws are always separated, and the two jaw parts of the other chuck jaws are securely engaged with each other. It is kept at Therefore, if the front jaw part of one chuck jaw is uncoupled and, for example, completely removed, the front jaw part of the other chuck jaw is held immovably within the chuck body, so that the jaw Danger also exists if the lathe is accidentally started due to a defect in the lathe's electrical anti-restart safety circuit after the front part of the chuck is removed during replacement. It does not cause any condition. The safety of the chuck according to the invention is significantly increased because the front jaw part can only be replaced one after another for each chuck jaw.

The invention will now be explained with reference to the illustrated embodiment.

In the drawings, the chuck body of the chuck is generally designated by the reference numeral 1, and the chuck jaw, which is guided radially movably within the chuck body 1, is generally designated by the reference numeral 2. The chuck body 1 is used to guide the chuck station 2.
A radial groove is provided therein. In each of the axial sections of FIGS. 1 and 3, only one chuck is shown. However, this chuck has more than two chucks 2, generally three chucks 2. For its radial movement, the chuck jaw 2 engages in a frictional and positive-locking manner with a drive member 4, which in the illustrated embodiment has an axially movable drive sleeve 5. The drive sleeve has a wedge 6,
7, the wedge 6 is seated on the drive sleeve 5 and the wedge 7 is seated on the chuck jaw 2. When the drive sleeve 5 moves downwards in FIGS. 1 or 3, the chuck jaws are moved radially inwardly, and when the drive sleeve 5 moves axially in the opposite direction, the chuck jaws are moved outwardly. .
The drive sleeve 5 is actuated in the usual manner, which will not be described in detail here, by a chuck-actuating cylinder, not shown, whose chuck-actuating piston is driven through a lathe hollow shaft, also not shown. It can be connected to the drive sleeve 5 via a tension rod or a tension tube. However, such a power chuck cylinder can also be arranged directly in the chuck body 1. Instead of the wedges 6, 7 provided in the illustrated embodiment, other known coupling members for transmitting the drive force of the chuck 2 by the drive member 4 may be used.
The chuck shaft 2 is radial and in a plane perpendicular to the chuck axis 9, in the illustrated embodiment perpendicular to the chuck axis 9.
It is divided into a front Jyo section 2a and a rear Jyo section 2b in the axial direction. both jiyo parts 2
a, 2b are each independently radially movable guided in respective grooves of the chuck body 1, i.e. the front jaw portion 2a is guided in the guide groove 10.
one radial groove 3 in the chuck body 1
a, and the cylindrical rear chuck jaw 2b is guided in a corresponding cylindrical guide groove 3b of the chuck body 1. Both jaw parts 2a, 2b
Only the rear part 2b of the drive member 4 engages with the wedge 6 of the drive sleeve 5 in the illustrated embodiment. Rear jaw part 2b
coupling and uncoupling as a coupling slide 8 of approximately circular cross-section, which is movably guided in parallel to the chuck axis 9 and is held immovably, i.e., immovably, in the radial direction in the jaw part 2b; The possible connecting piece immovably connects the two jaw parts 2a, 2b in order to radially entrain the front jaw part 2a by the rear jaw part 2b when it is in the connected state shown, and also , the front jaw part 2a is released from the rear jaw part 2b for an unrelated radial movement when the coupling slider 8 is axially retracted (not shown) and in the uncoupled state. As a result, the front part 2a becomes the rear part 2b.
It serves to be able to be moved relative to the radial guide groove 3a or to be completely removed from the radial guide groove 3a and replaced with a jaw part of another construction. On the other hand, the rear jaw portion 2b is not replaceable and always remains in engagement with the drive member 4.

The slider 8 has a coupling head 17 which, when the slider 8 is advanced axially as shown, engages radially into the associated coupling receptacle 18 of the front jaw part 2a. is interlocked with The connection receiving portion 18 is of the front jaw portion 2a.
It is formed by horizontal teeth made on the dividing surface on the rear side of the jaw portion 2b. The connecting head 17 has corresponding teeth, which are connected to the front jaw part 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
It meshes with the teeth of a.

For switching between the coupled state and the uncoupled state, the coupling slide 8 is in each case forcibly guided along an externally actuable adjustment member 13. Adjustment member 1
3 is a rear jaw portion 2 that can be moved approximately in the radial direction.
inclined guide surfaces 13.1 and 1 guided in b and for forcibly guiding the slider 8 in the axial direction;
3.2. The adjustment member 13 is a spring 14
chuck axis 9 in the radial direction against the return force caused by
This is a cylindrical pin that can be pushed inward toward the slider 8, and has a window 15 provided in the slider 8 that allows the slider 8 to move in the axial direction. Slope guideway in range 1
33.1 and 13.2.

The chuck main body 1 has a rear jaw portion 2b,
A stopper surface 19 for the rear end surface 20 of the connecting slider 8 is provided on the side opposite to the front jaw portion 2a side. This stop surface 19 locks the connecting slide 8 in the connected state unless the connecting slide 8 is exactly opposite the recess 21 . The recess 21 is provided in the stopper surface 19 so that the connecting slide 8 can enter into the recess axially and radially in a substantially mating manner when the rear jaw portion 2b is in the position shown. , which allows the coupling slider to move in the axial direction until the uncoupled state is reached. Therefore, when the slider 8 is inserted into the notch 21, the slider causes the radial movement of the rear jaw portion 2b by the engaging connection between the slider 8 and the notch 21 occurring in this direction. This is prevented, so that in this case the drive member 4 can no longer carry out an axial tightening adjustment movement. Therefore, when the connecting slider 8 is in the disconnected state and the rear jaw portion 2b and front jaw portion 2a of one of the chuck jaws 2 are disconnected, the restart prevention safety mechanism operates and the lathe cannot be started. do not have. This is because, in order to restart the lathe, a corresponding tightening movement of the drive member 4 is a prerequisite.

The adjusting member 13 is designated by the reference numeral 13. in FIG. 4 in the drawings.
With the exception of the adjustment member, which is shown at 4, it is shown in its radially outer position. The adjustment member allows movement of the coupling slide 8 into the uncoupled state only when it is in the radially inner position (13.4, FIG. 4). When the adjusting member 13 is retracted under the action of the restoring force produced by the spring 14, it sets the coupling slide 8 back into the coupled state via the inclined guide surface 13.1. In its radially outer position, the adjusting member 13 moves the connecting slider 8 in the connected state.
Locking is achieved by a locking surface 13.3 on the inclined guide surface 13.1 which is oriented exclusively in the radial direction, to which the slider 8 connected is oriented in the radial direction, as shown in FIGS. The stopper surfaces 33 of the two are in contact with each other. The coupling slider 8, when the adjusting member 13 is in this position, is therefore able to move through the recess provided in the chuck body 1 for the coupling slider when the slider passes through the recess 21 during its radial movement of the rear jaw part 2b. It is not possible to enter the notch 21. Therefore, the slider 8 is in the notch 21
Insertion and thus adjustment movement of the slider into the uncoupled state is only possible when the adjustment member 13 is pushed radially inward.

The adjusting member 13 is operated by a rotatable unlocking ring 100 coaxially supported on the outer periphery of the chuck body 1, and the adjusting member 13 is brought into contact with the unlocking ring by the spring force of a spring 14. ing. For each adjusting element 13, the unlocking ring 100 has a cutout 101, 101.1 into which the adjusting element 13 can be inserted, when the unlocking ring 100 is in the pivoted position shown. Due to the force of the spring 14,
It is possible to enter the sliders 8 in all the chucks 2 until they are in the connected state. When the unlocking ring 100 is turned in the direction of the arrow 102 (FIGS. 2 and 4), the notch 101 is opened in this direction of rotation.
The inclined adjustment side surface 103 following the adjustment member 1
3 radially inward, thereby adjusting the adjustment member 1
3 moves the slider 8 to the uncoupled state, in which case the adjustment member 13 is pushed inward and the unlocking ring 1 is moved.
00, which corresponds to the stopper surface 105 extending in the circumferential direction between the notches 101. In any case, the locking ring 100 engages on the adjustment member 13 projecting into its recess 101 and prevents any unnecessary radial inward movement. To facilitate the rotation of the unlocking ring 100, the unlocking ring in the illustrated embodiment is provided with a receiving hole 104 for a handle spanner on the outside.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the notch 101
Along the inner periphery of the unlocking ring 100, the adjusting members 13 of all the chuck jaws 2 are simultaneously pushed radially inward, so that the sliders 8 are simultaneously moved into the unlocked state on all the chuck jaws. , manufactured and placed. The connection between the two jaw parts 2a, 2b is therefore released simultaneously on all chuck jaws 2.

On the other hand, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
The adjusting members 13 are always pushed one by one inward in the radial direction by the rotation of the unlocking ring 100.
In the illustrated pivoted position of the unlocking ring 100 in FIG. Both adjusting elements 13 have entered into the recess 101, so that in the chuck belonging to the latter adjusting element,
These two jaw parts 2a, 2b are in a connected state. As can be seen from the drawing, by pivoting the unlocking ring 100 in the direction of the arrow 102, the two adjustment elements 13 mentioned above, which extend into the recesses 101, are also successively pushed radially inward. However, in this case, the other adjustment elements on both sides of one adjustment element always enter into the recess 101. This is achieved by doing the following. That is, the stopper surface 105 for the adjustment member 13 located between both notches 101 is short in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring 100, and the angular position of the stopper surface with respect to the chuck axis 9 is adjusted to the same chuck axis. The locking ring 10 is offset with respect to the angular position of the chuck arrangement about 9, so that the unlocking ring 10
0 is rotated, only one of the adjusting elements 13 is always in contact with one of the stop surfaces 105, i.e. only this adjusting element 13.4 is in contact with one of the stop surfaces 105.
The slider 8 assumes a position corresponding to the uncoupled state, whereas the other two adjustment members 13 are in the notch 1.
01, thereby both adjusting members 1
This is to prevent the two chuck yaw parts 2a, 2b of the chuck yaw belonging to No. 3 from becoming disconnected. To do this, the simplest method is to use the unlocking ring 1 as shown in Figure 4.
It is sufficient that the stop surfaces 105 are arranged closer to each other in the circumferential direction than the chuck jaws 2 by at least their circumferential length. In this case, between the two stopper surfaces 105, for one of the notches 101.1,
It produces a larger circumferential length than the other two notches. This is because the sum of all central angles must be 360 degrees.

In order to compensate for the centrifugal forces acting on the chuck jaws 2a, 2b, the chuck has approximately radially adjustable flyweights 16, each chuck jaw 2a, 2b having its own flyweight 16. belong to these fly weights 16 in Figures 1 and 3.
Only one of them is visible. In the embodiment shown, these flyweights 16 are guided so as to be radially displaceable in grooves 17 of a connecting flange 18' which connects the chuck body 1 to the lathe spindle (not shown) via a screw 22. . fly weight 1
A lever 23 is provided between the chuck 6 and the chuck 2, and the lever 23 is pivotably supported in a portion 24 within the chuck body. . The lever 23 receives the load from the flyweight 16 at one end thereof, and pushes the chuck jaw 2 at the other end in a direction opposite to the direction of action of the centrifugal force. For this purpose, the lever end of the lever 23 on the yaw side is articulated in a receptacle 25 at the axial rear end of the slider 8 in order to achieve a good transmission of forces at least in the radially inward direction. are engaged in a similar manner. Furthermore, these lever ends are connected to a slider 8 in such a way that the slider 8 carries the lever 23 along with it in the axial direction during the adjustment movement between the two coupled states. In any case, for this longitudinal adjustment movement, the lever 23 is moved in the supporting part 24 in the chuck body 1 and also at the connection to the flyweight 16 in the longitudinal direction of the lever for at least an axial adjustment movement of the slider 8. can only be moved.

In order to be able to adjust the slider 8 into the uncoupled state by a radially inward movement of the adjusting element 13, the adjusting element 13 has an inclined guide surface 13.2 on the side of the lever 23. There is. The guide device belonging to this guide surface 13.2 is formed by a projection 31 on the lever end on the chuck-side side, which projects through a receptacle 25 for the lever end into the window 15 of the slider 8. do. Therefore, when the adjusting element 13 is pushed in against the spring force of the spring 14, the lever 2 is first pushed in via the guide surface 13.2 and the projection 31 with the associated inclined surface 31.1.
3 is pushed back in the axial direction, and the lever takes the slide 8 with it through the connection and is thereby set in the uncoupled state. This is because in this case at the same time the locking by the locking surface 13.3 is no longer possible. That is, in this case, the inclined guide surface 1
3.2, since it is only possible to act on the projection 31 of the lever 23 when the locking surface 13.3 moves out of the range of the slider stop surface 33. For this purpose, a suitable clearance 32 is provided between the projection 31 and the inclined surface 13.2.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of one embodiment of the chuck of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the chuck of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck in FIG. 3 taken along the line ``--''. 1...chuck body, 2...chuck holder, 2a
...Front Jyo part, 2b...Back Jyo part, 3a
...Groove, 3b...Groove, 4...Drive member, 5...Drive sleeve, 6, 7...Wedge, 8...Slider, 9...Chuck axis, 10...Guide groove, 11...Guide piece, 13...Adjustment member, 13.1 ...Guidance surface, 13.2...Guidance surface, 1
3.3...Lock surface, 13.4...Adjustment member, 14...
Spring, 15...Window, 16...Flyweight, 17...
Connection head, 18... Connection receiving part, 18'... Connection flange, 19... Stopper surface, 20... Rear surface end,
21...Notch, 22...Screw, 23...Lever, 24
...portion, 25...receptor, 31...protrusion, 31.1...
Inclined surface, 33... Stopper surface, 100... Unlocking ring, 101... Notch, 102... Rotation direction arrow, 1
03...Adjustment side surface, 104...Spanner receiving hole, 10
5... Stopper surface.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A chuck having a radially adjustable chuck yaw in the chuck body, the chuck yaw being frictionally and form-lockingly connected to a drive member individually or together for its adjusting movement. , in which case the chuck jaw is divided radially and perpendicularly to the chuck axis into an axially forward jaw portion and an axially rearward jaw portion, and both jaws are engaged with each other. The parts are guided in the chuck body in an adjustable and movable manner independently in the radial direction, and only the rear jaw part engages the drive member, and a coupling piece that can be connected and uncoupled is provided in the rear part. It is provided as a radially immovably held slider guided parallel to the chuck axis in the jaw part, which slide in its connected state moves both jaw parts to the rear jaw part. so that the front jaw part can be coupled in the radial direction, and in the uncoupled state, the front jaw part can be adjusted in the radial direction independently of the rear jaw part; release, and said slider is drivable for adjustment movement from the coupled state to the uncoupled state or from the disengaged state to the coupled state by an externally operable adjusting member, which adjusting member itself is driven by a spring. , guided substantially radially movably in the rear jaw part against a radially outwardly acting return force and having a guide surface for axial drive of the slider. In the case of the type shown in FIG. ring 100 and is held by this unlocking ring in a position corresponding to the uncoupled state of the slider, and the unlocking ring of the adjusting member 13 has a notch 101, which A chuck characterized in that the adjusting member 13 is moved inward by the force of the spring 14 to the point where the slider 8 of the chuck jaw 2 moves into the connected state when the unlocking ring 100 is in the corresponding rotational position. 2. The notch 101 of the unlocking ring 100 has an adjustment side surface 103 that is inclined in the direction of rotation that causes the slider 8 to be released from the connected state, and when the unlocking ring 100 rotates, the adjustment side surface 103 is 2. A chuck according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member 13 is adjustable radially inwardly and the slider 8 is thereby adjustable into the uncoupled state. 3 One of the adjusting elements 13 13.1 is always pushed radially into the chuck body 1 by the unlocking ring 100, and all other adjusting elements 13 are pushed radially outward into the recesses of the unlocking ring 100. 101,1
01.1. 4 Notches 101, 101.1 are unlocking ring 10
0 and is interrupted only by a stop surface 105 for the adjusting member 13, which stop surface extends continuously over the inner circumference of the unlocking ring 1.
When viewed in the circumferential direction of 00, two adjacent adjustment members 1
3. The chuck according to claim 3, wherein the chuck is shorter than the circumferential spacing of the unlocking ring. 5 A large number of stopper surfaces 105 are provided, and the length of the stopper surfaces 105 located between the notches 101 in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring 100 and the angular position centering on the chuck axis 9 are determined by the chuck adjustment. are offset relative to the abovementioned length and angular position of the locking ring 100, so that only one of the adjusting members 13 always comes into contact with one of the stop surfaces 105 during rotation of the unlocking ring 100, and the slider 8 is uncoupled. 4. A chuck according to claim 3, wherein the chuck assumes a position corresponding to the state, and the other adjustment member (13) projects into the recess (101). 6. The stopper surfaces 105 are arranged more densely than the chuck jaws 2 by at least the stopper surface length in the circumferential direction of the unlocking ring 100, and there is no distance between two of the stopper surfaces 105 and other stopper surfaces. 6. The chuck according to claim 5, wherein the chuck is formed with a circumferential spacing greater than .