JPS6142391A - Seawater desalting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply make fresh water from seawater, by providing an evaporation chamber demarcated by a structure, which comprises a transparent plate and has a configuration covering the surface of seawater, and the surface of the sea, a condensing pipe group obliquely or vertically arranged under the surface of seawater and a pump and piping system. CONSTITUTION:When solar rays are irradiated through the transparent plate 1 of an evaporation chamber 2, solar heat is absorbed by the surface of the irradiated sea while the temp. of seawater is rised to generate steam. A mixture of this steam and air is guided to a condensing pipe group 5 from a suction pipe 3 through a header 4 by the sucking action of a fan 8. The condensing pipe group 5 is arranged at a deep place several m or more from the surface of seawater and, because there is temp. difference between said pipe group 5 and the surface of seawater, a part of steam introduced into the pipe group 5 is condensed to generate fresh water. The formed fresh water is flowed down through the condensing pipe group 5 and guided to a buffer tank 9 through a condensing pipe header 6 and further sent to a water storage tank by a water feed pump 10 and a water feed pipe 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus that produces freshwater from seawater by an evaporation method using solar heat.

[Background technology]

Various devices have been proposed to obtain fresh water from seawater, but all of these devices have complex structures, require large amounts of power (energy), and have drawbacks such as scale buildup inside the pipes and corrosion of the devices. It is something.

[Object of the present invention]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and aims to provide a seawater desalination apparatus that easily produces freshwater from seawater by an evaporation method using solar heat.

[Configuration of the present invention]

That is, the present invention has an evaporation chamber made of a structure that covers the seawater surface with a transparent plate that transmits solar heat and the seawater surface, and an evaporation chamber that is installed tilted or vertically below the seawater surface to evaporate the water vapor generated in the evaporation chamber. This seawater desalination apparatus is characterized by comprising a condensing tube group for condensing water inside the seawater desalination device, a pump and a piping system for taking out the fresh water generated in the condensing tube group to the outside.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIG. 1st
The figure shows a seawater desalination apparatus which is an embodiment of the present invention.
is a transparent plate (e.g. plastic, glass, etc.) that allows sunlight to pass through, 2 is an evaporation chamber made of the transparent plate and the sea water surface, and 6 is a water vapor that has an inlet in the evaporation chamber and guides water vapor below the sea surface. Suction pipe, 4 is a suction pipe header located below sea level, 5 is a group of condensing pipes connected to the suction pipe header and installed inclined or vertically below sea level, 6 is a condensing pipe header, and 7 is non-condensable water vapor. and a circulation pipe for transferring air to the evaporation chamber or a discharge pipe to the atmosphere outside the evaporation chamber, 8 a fan for generating a circulation flow or obtaining discharge pressure, 9 a buffer tank for fresh water led from the condensation pipe header, 10 a A freshwater water pump, 11 is a water pipe, 12 is a buoyancy unit for floating the entire structure on seawater, and 15 is a support member that connects the suction pipe header to the buoyancy system.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the evaporation chamber has one unit and the condensing tube group has one unit, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the units may be used singly or in a series. good.

The present invention is aimed at extracting fresh water from seawater by evaporation using solar heat, and is installed in a place where there is sufficient sunlight irradiation and a slight movement of seawater (such as tidal currents). When sunlight shines through the transparent plate of the evaporation chamber, solar heat is absorbed near the surface of the seawater, increasing the temperature of the seawater in that area. occurrence occurs.

This mixture of water vapor and air is guided from the suction pipe 3 through the header 4 to the condensing pipe group 5 by the suction action of the fan 8 .

The condensing tube group 5 is located at a depth of several meters or more below the seawater level, and there is a temperature difference from the seawater surface, so that a portion of the water vapor introduced into the condensing tube group 5 condenses to produce fresh water. The generated fresh water flows down through the condensing pipe group 5, is led to the condensing pipe through the ladder 6 to the buffer tank 9, and is further sent to the water storage tank by the water pump 1° and the water pipe 11.

Since the outside of the condensing tube group 5 is exposed to a large amount of moving seawater such as tidal currents, the heat of condensation is carried away by the seawater, and the temperature rise of the seawater near the condensing tube group 5 can be ignored.

In the above embodiment, air is allowed to mix in the evaporation chamber and the circulation system, and the system is operated at atmospheric pressure. However, the present invention improves the system by improving the structural strength and airtightness of the evaporation chamber. If air is not allowed to mix inside, the circulation pipe can be omitted and the device can be made more compact. However, in this case as well, small piping and a fan are required to release air to the atmosphere at the start of equipment operation.

[Effects of the present invention]

As described in detail above, the present invention uses solar heat as an evaporation energy source, so the operating cost is low, and since the free surface of seawater is used as a heat transfer surface for solar heat, the structure is simple and the equipment is simple. This has the effect of lowering costs. In the present invention, the temperature difference in the water vapor condensation reservoir is not created by a special device, but the difference between the heated seawater surface temperature and the seawater temperature is effectively utilized. Since natural power can be used effectively, the heat of condensation can be disposed of at a distant place, so no pump power is required. Furthermore, in the present invention, since seawater is not passed through the pipe, there is an advantage that there is no problem such as scale adhesion inside the pipe.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a seawater desalination apparatus that is an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Transparent plate 2... Evaporation chamber 3... Steam suction pipe 4... Suction pipe header 5... Condensing pipe group 6... Condensing pipe header 7... Circulation pipe or discharge pipe 8 ...Fan 9...Buffer tank 10...Water pump 11...Water pipe 12...Floating body 15...Supporting member agent 1) Meifu agent Ryo Hagihara -

Claims (1)

[Claims] An evaporation chamber made of a structure that covers the seawater surface with a transparent plate that transmits solar heat and the seawater surface, and a condensation chamber that is installed tilted or vertically below the seawater surface and condenses the water vapor generated in the evaporation chamber inside. A seawater desalination device characterized by comprising a group of tubes, a pump for extracting fresh water generated in the group of condensing tubes to the outside, and a piping system.