JPS6139790A - Switching method of luminance signal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a cost, to shorten the discriminating time of similar signals and to improve the accuracy by comparing plural video signals to be discriminated with respective standard video signals, further comparing both of outputs with use of a comparator and switching automatically a switch to a circuit of the signal to be discriminated with the aid of the outputs so as to output the switched one. CONSTITUTION:By passing a reference signal through a delay means such as a delay circuit, two video signals B1 and B2 having hourly delays are compared with a signal J to be discriminated by comparators 1 and 2. Moreover, their output signals are compared by a comparator 3, and their output signals switch a switch S. The switching by the signal is connected to the circuit of the closer signal when the reference signal is discriminated to be closer to the signal B1 or B2 having hourly delayes by means of the comparator 3. All switches are switched to the reference signal having the closest delay time with respect to the signal to be discriminated in the same manner, and finally their output signals can be taken out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention broadly relates to determining the similarity of luminance signals, that is, video signals. By comparing with various comparison signals, it is determined which of the various comparison signals the signal to be determined is most similar to, and the nine circuits are switched to that signal. Furthermore, it also includes methods for ultimately determining whether the video signals match or do not match.

(Prior Art) There are various methods for determining whether two objects have the same appearance. Among these methods, a method is often used in which the object is represented in an image as a video signal, one image is recognized for coincidence, and two images are judged for similarity.

In this case, the conventional method has been to multiply the video signal of one image by an electronic computer, but this is not only extremely costly, but also takes a long time to determine whether the trees are similar or not. Increasing the cost required further increases.

(Problems that the invention sought to solve) However, in the present invention, when the same object is captured as a video signal, the signal with the highest similarity is selected from a plurality of reference images to determine whether the two video signals match. That's what I tried to do. To simplify the explanation, the operating principle will be explained using an example of the operation related to positional deviation.The same object has a spatial "misalignment", that is, a video signal of the first image and the second image of the object. If the position of the object is shifted around 9, up, down, left, right, or in the direction of rotation, then it is the same object.
.

It is very difficult to determine that. The positional shift of the lid 9 image appears as a time shift of the video signal, so 9
This is because it is difficult to determine whether the two video signals are the same or not, and it is possible to determine whether or not the two video signals are the same without temporal coincidence of the video signals. Furthermore, if there is a positional shift between the two same layers, 2. If you don't correct each video signal to the same position, that's it! It is possible to do otherwise: Therefore, this must be corrected. If we consider this "displacement" as a spatial thing and do it mechanically, we get
In terms of speed, it cannot follow objects that move quickly. Of course, even if it is assumed that the distance and direction of the imaging device can be moved quickly, the afterimage will set its limits.
By the way, there are many requests for matching objects. For example, there are various questions such as whether the parts of the product are installed correctly, whether the characters printed on ■C etc. are printed correctly, whether the seal stamped on the document is genuine, etc. Particularly in the case of fine shapes, it is easy for the human eye to make mistakes, and it is physically and mentally difficult to continue for long periods of time. In particular, temporal tracking becomes a problem when distinguishing between products that are sent from one secondary product to the next using a belt compare or the like. .

In the present invention, 9.5. Using the above-mentioned imaging device, the appearance of an object is first taken as a video signal, and the spatial, ie, positional, positional deviation of the object is resolved as a temporal deviation of the video signal. That is, first, the appearance of a reference object is converted into a video signal, which is passed through a plurality of delay circuits each having a slightly different time constant. Therefore, the respective outputs taken out from the respective delay circuits are slightly shifted in time. By comparing the video signals from the objects to be determined one after another, it is possible to determine which delay circuit of the signals serving as the video reference above is closest to the video signal output from the object. If only I could switch to words.

This means that the time lag has been corrected instantly. By comparing the two video signals, the degree of coincidence between the two video signals, that is, the degree of coincidence between the two objects, can be determined, and it is possible to determine whether they are similar or not. However, if the similarity does not reach the standard value even when compared with the closest comparison signal, it is
This means that they are determined to be dissimilar.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The configuration of the luminance signal comparison and switching method according to the present invention is as follows.

First of all, there is a standard video signal as the first invention.

There are a plurality of video signals to be determined to be compared with this standard video signal. The plurality of video signals to be discriminated are each compared with the above-mentioned standard video signal through respective comparators, the outputs of both are further compared through another comparator, and the outputs are used as the plurality of video signals to be discriminated. There is a luminance signal switching method that is characterized in that a switching device is automatically switched to a circuit for a signal to be determined which is closer to the above-mentioned standard video signal among the signals and outputs the circuit.

The second invention adds the following configuration to the first invention described above. That is, this luminance signal switching method is characterized in that the output from the first invention is further passed through another comparator and compared with the 9 discrimination signal to determine whether the images match or do not match.

Hereinafter, in order to simplify the explanation of its configuration, it will be described with a concrete example.The above standard video signal is assumed to be the first signal,
The plurality of video signals to be determined are combined into a second signal and this second signal.
The delay increase signal obtained from the delay increase signal is described below.

However, since it is impossible to advance the time of the video signal, the i-degree signal to be discriminated and/or the reference luminance signal are delayed through a delay circuit to create a first signal with a time difference between the two signals. It was set as the second signal. Then, the second signal is passed through another delay circuit to be further delayed to produce a delayed amplified signal having a time difference from the second signal. In this case, the number of other delay circuits that further delay the second signal may be one, or may be a plurality of delay circuits with a nine-time difference. If there is one, the delayed increased signal from there is set as the third signal, and the third signal and the second signal are each compared with the first signal. Then, the two output signals are further compared to determine which of the second and third signals is closer to the first signal, and based on this, a command is given to the comparator. This is a luminance signal switching method that automatically operates a switching device to output a signal with a smaller time difference.

Therefore, if there are multiple delay circuits, multiple delayed luminance signals with a 9-time difference are extracted. Therefore, each of them is compared with the first signal as described above, and the output signal is is further compared with the first signal as described above, and the process is repeated to finally determine which signal is closest to the first signal. Now, as above,
The output of the signal with the smallest time difference is extracted.

By the way, in the latter case, if a center time is provided, the result will be as follows. That is, as described above, outputs of each delay whose delay time is gradually increased are extracted from a plurality of delay circuits each having a time difference. Moreover,
A signal near the midpoint between the undelayed signal and the most delayed signal is set as a signal at the center time, and each comparison signal at a relative time NW of the time centered on that signal is arranged. That's all.

Each of the video signals having adjacent delay times and the corresponding video signal are successively compared by a comparator.

Next, the second invention will be described. Since this includes all of the first invention, all of the above description is incorporated.

Then, the final output luminance signals output as described above are compared by another comparator to determine whether they match or do not match.

(Operation) The luminance signal switching method configured as described above operates as follows.

First, in the first invention, the second and third signals are each compared with the first signal, and the output of the closer one is extracted. If there are multiple third signals.

4th. 5th and increasing. That is, for example, the reference signal is passed through various delay circuits at t 1 , t2 , and t3 .

... B1 delayed by tη time. B2. B3. ...Take out the fully delayed signal B4. And this first.

For example, video signals having adjacent delay times, such as B1 and B2, are compared with a signal to be determined, which is a video signal from an object whose similarity is required to be determined. In other words,
This signal to be determined is tentatively compared with the signal of B1. At the same time, this signal to be determined is compared with the adjacent signal B2.

Then, each comparison signal is taken out, a comparator determines which signal it is closer to, and a converter linked to the comparison signal is used to move on to the next delayed signal.

For example, in the above example, if it is determined that the value is close to +82,
This time, the circuit moves on to compare B2 with the adjacent B3. Therefore, a comparison between B2 and B3 is made here, and this is repeated to arrive at the signal with the closest delay time.

In the above case, if the signal to be determined is also delayed by about 1/2 time of T4, the relative delay of the two-hour shift can be determined.

Although the above delay circuits may be provided in parallel with each other, it is more economical to connect the delay circuits in series and provide a tap at each point.

It goes without saying that comparison and discrimination may be performed by inverting the reference signal and the signal to be discriminated in the above example.

(Example) A luminance signal switching method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to an example thereof and accompanying drawings showing the same.

FIG. 1 shows a part of a circuit diagram used in an embodiment of the luminance signal switching method according to the present invention.

First, a reference signal is provided. This is done by photographing the appearance of the object to be discriminated, copying it with an imaging device, creating a video signal, and directly extracting it, or recording it in a storage device, etc. and then extracting it. Of course, depending on the image to be discriminated, this reference signal may be generated by an electronic computer. That is,
As long as the moaning image signal is used to obtain a reference image, there are no limitations on the method of obtaining the image. .

By passing this reference signal through a delay means such as a delay circuit, two video signals B1 with a "time lag" are generated.
and B2. And the B1 and B2 signals with this time lag respectively.

Comparators 1 and 2 compare the signal to be determined with the signal J. Furthermore, this output signal is compared by a comparator 3, and the switch S is switched based on the output signal. This switch S may be either mechanical or electronic. However, switching this signal.

When the comparator 3 determines which of the signals B1 and B2 with a time lag of the above reference signal is closer, the structure must be such that it is connected to the circuit for the closer signal. No.

The above circuit is treated as one block, and the output signal from the switch S is compared with the next signal. this"
・The "next signal" is the signal B1 which has a time lag from the above reference signal, and the signal B3 which has a further time lag from B2 (it is possible to perform free morning alignment, but the two circuit configurations are complicated become). In the same way, if you create the necessary number of signals with a one-time difference gradually increasing, compare them one after another, and switch the signal to the one that is closer, all of the switching devices The output signal is switched to the reference signal having the closest delay time to the reference signal, and the output signal thereof can be finally extracted.

Furthermore, the delay time with this slight difference is as follows.

B++ B21 Ba・ of the series delay circuit as shown in Fig. 2
...It is best to take it out from the tap for Bη.

Although the above is an embodiment in which the reference signal is shifted, it is also possible to reverse the above embodiment and sequentially delay the l4- side of the signal to be determined J. Of course, it is better to delay both of them, but in that case, one signal will create many signals with slightly shifted delay times, and the other will have a delay time that is about half the slowest among the many signals above. It is best to use a delay time of . This saves us 2 hours of relative slowdown.

Note that 8 of the signals with slightly different delay times as described above
Comparison of 1 to Bη and switching of all signals is 9. For example, after comparing signals B1 and B2, the output signal of the switch S is compared with the third signal B3, and these are sequentially compared up to signal Bη. In this way, all 9 of the signals of each neighbor, eg +Bi and B2 . Then, compare all the signals at the same time such as B3 and B4, compare the output signal from each switch and the blocks adjacent to each block simultaneously, switch the switch, and take out the final output. There is a way to say it.

In either case, the blocks of the comparison switching circuit shown in FIG. 1 are simply stacked.

The circuit can be simplified, which helps reduce costs and save labor in manufacturing.

Similarly, as shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2, the delay circuit can be stacked into single blocks, contributing to cost reduction and manufacturing labor savings.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the luminance signal switching method according to the present invention can be simplified because it does not involve moving the imaging device to match the images. Furthermore, it became possible to use a combination of block circuits, reducing costs and greatly contributing to labor savings in circuit manufacturing.

In particular, the significant effect of increasing the speed of 2-discrimination has been achieved, and it has become an excellent product that has a much simpler circuit and has a greater discrimination effect than the conventional one. In particular, it has become possible to instantly compare two videos and select the one closest to the standard video signal from among a large number of videos.

In addition, the second invention, which can simultaneously determine whether the images match or do not match, has a great effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram of an embodiment of a portion of a comparison switching circuit used in a luminance signal switching method according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the delay circuit. 1.2.3...Comparator B1 + B2+ B3+ Bη...Time lag delayed reference signal J...Signal to be determined S...Switcher

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A standard video signal, a plurality of video signals to be discriminated to be compared with the standard video signal, each of the plurality of video signals to be discriminated is compared with the above-mentioned standard video signal through a comparator, and the outputs of both are Further, a comparison is made through a comparator, and the output thereof is used to automatically switch a switch to a circuit for a signal to be discriminated that is closer to the standard video signal among the plurality of video signals to be discriminated, and output that signal. Featured brightness signal switching method. (2) The standard video signal is obtained by delaying the luminance signal to be discriminated and/or the reference luminance signal as the first signal through a delay circuit, and the plurality of video signals to be discriminated are also
The luminance signal to be discriminated and/or the reference signal as the second signal and the delayed increased signal obtained from the second signal are obtained through a plurality of delay circuits having a time difference from the above. The luminance signal switching method according to claim (1) above. (3) The luminance signal switching method according to claim (2), characterized in that there is only one delay circuit that further delays the second signal. (4) The luminance signal switching method according to claim (2), wherein there are a plurality of delay circuits that further delay the second signal, each having a time difference. (5) A standard video signal, a plurality of video signals to be discriminated to be compared with the standard video signal, each of the plurality of video signals to be discriminated is compared with the above-mentioned standard video signal through a comparator, and the outputs of both are Further, it is compared through a comparator, and the output is automatically switched to the circuit of the signal to be discriminated which is closer to the standard video signal among the plurality of video signals to be discriminated, and the output thereof is output. A luminance signal switching method characterized in that the luminance signal is compared with a discrimination signal using another comparator to determine whether they match or do not match. (6) The standard video signal is obtained by delaying the luminance signal to be discriminated and/or the reference luminance signal as the first signal through a delay circuit, and the plurality of video signals to be discriminated are also
The luminance signal to be determined and/or the reference signal as the second signal and the delayed increased signal having an increased delay from the second signal are obtained through a plurality of delay circuits having a time difference from the above. A luminance signal switching method according to claim (5) above. (7) The luminance signal switching method according to claim (5), characterized in that there is only one delay circuit that further delays the second signal. (8) The luminance signal switching method according to claim (5), wherein there are a plurality of delay circuits that further delay the second signal, each having a time difference.