JPS6138838B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6138838B2 JPS6138838B2 JP12220879A JP12220879A JPS6138838B2 JP S6138838 B2 JPS6138838 B2 JP S6138838B2 JP 12220879 A JP12220879 A JP 12220879A JP 12220879 A JP12220879 A JP 12220879A JP S6138838 B2 JPS6138838 B2 JP S6138838B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- nozzle
- temperature
- molten glass
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002927 high level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIXXICXIKUPJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pt].[Rh].[Pt] Chemical compound [Pt].[Rh].[Pt] LIXXICXIKUPJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、高レベル放射性廃棄物の固化処理方
法、特に、ガラス化した高レベル放射性廃棄物の
処理方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for solidifying high-level radioactive waste, particularly to a method for treating vitrified high-level radioactive waste.
原子力発電などで生じた高レベル放射性廃棄物
は、硼珪酸ガラス、或いは本出願人が先に出願
（特願昭53−151843）した結晶化ガラスにより固
化処理される。 High-level radioactive waste generated from nuclear power generation and the like is solidified using borosilicate glass or crystallized glass, which the present applicant previously applied for (Japanese Patent Application No. 151843, 1983).
高レベル放射性廃棄物を含む上記のガラス、或
いは結晶化ガラスは、通常キヤニスタと呼ばれる
ステンレス製の円筒状容器（例えば、外径30cm、
高さ200cmのもの）の中に注入して保管される。
この注入は、ガラス管が流動し易い高温の溶融状
態で行なわれなければならない。ガラス溶融炉で
溶融した高レベル放射性廃棄物を含むガラスを、
溶融炉から容器中に流し出し、容器中に一定量の
ガラスを入れた後、一旦ガラスの流出を止めて、
空の容器と交換し、再び溶融炉からガラスを流し
出して、新しい容器に注入する。このような操作
は、人体を放射線の危険から守るために、すべて
無人の下に行なわなければならない。 The above-mentioned glass containing high-level radioactive waste or crystallized glass is usually stored in a stainless steel cylindrical container called a canister (for example, an outer diameter of 30 cm,
It is injected into a container (200cm high) and stored.
This injection must be carried out in a hot molten state so that the glass tube can easily flow. Glass containing high-level radioactive waste melted in a glass melting furnace,
After pouring out the glass from the melting furnace into a container and putting a certain amount of glass into the container, the flow of glass is temporarily stopped.
Replace the container with an empty one, pour the glass out of the melting furnace again, and pour it into the new container. All such operations must be carried out unattended to protect the human body from radiation hazards.
しかし、炉底に溶融ガラスの流出口を設けて、
溶融ガラスを流し出し、耐火物製のプランジヤで
炉の内部からこの流出口を塞いでガラスの流出を
とめるような方法では、流出口からガラスが尾を
ひいて、容器の外面に付着したり、容器外に落ち
たりして、周辺を放射能で汚染する危険がある。
また耐火物製プランジヤは溶融ガラスによる侵食
が激しいので度々取り換えねばならない。しか
し、高レベルの放射能のために取り換え作業を行
うことはできない。 However, by providing an outlet for molten glass at the bottom of the furnace,
If the method involves pouring out molten glass and blocking the outflow port from inside the furnace with a refractory plunger, the glass may trail from the outflow port and adhere to the outside surface of the container. There is a risk that it may fall outside the container and contaminate the surrounding area with radioactivity.
Furthermore, the refractory plunger is subject to severe erosion by molten glass and must be replaced frequently. However, replacement work cannot be carried out due to high levels of radioactivity.
従つて、高レベル廃棄物を、硼珪酸ガラス或い
は結晶化ガラスとして固化処理する方法が開発さ
れたとはいえ、これを実用化するには上記の問題
を解決しなければならなかつた。 Therefore, although a method for solidifying high-level waste as borosilicate glass or crystallized glass has been developed, the above-mentioned problems had to be solved in order to put it into practical use.
本発明はこの問題を解決するものである。 The present invention solves this problem.
以下本発明を実施例によつて詳しく説明する。 The present invention will be explained in detail below using Examples.
図において、ガラス溶融炉はフオアハース１０
の底壁１２に、孔１３を設け、この孔１３に内径
２cm、長さ約37cmの白金・ロジウム合金製のノズ
ル２０を取り付けた。ノズル２０を取り付ける部
分の底壁は約12cmの厚さにした。ノズル２０の上
端部にはフランジ２３が設けてあり、フランジ２
３は、フオアハース１０の内部から孔１３を塞い
でいる。ノズル２０の上端部と下端部は２重管構
造になつており、それぞれ外径約3.6cmの白金・
ロジウム合金製の管２５，２６がノズル２０を取
り囲み、管２５の上端は前記フランジ２３の下方
で、ノズル２０と接続し、下端にはフランジ２４
が設けてあつて、このフランジ２４は、フオアハ
ース１０の底部の外面に接して、孔１３を塞いで
いる。またこのフランジ２４には、ノズル２０に
通電するための端子２１が接続されている。管２
６の下端はノズル２０の下端と接続して、ノズル
２０の下端に溶融ガラスの流出口２２を構成して
いる。管２６の上端にはノズル２０に通電するた
めの端子２１′が接続されている。ノズル２０に
通電した場合、両端部の２重管構造のために、ノ
ズル２０の温度は急速に上昇する。 In the figure, the glass melting furnace is
A hole 13 was provided in the bottom wall 12, and a nozzle 20 made of a platinum-rhodium alloy with an inner diameter of 2 cm and a length of about 37 cm was attached to the hole 13. The bottom wall of the part where the nozzle 20 is attached was approximately 12 cm thick. A flange 23 is provided at the upper end of the nozzle 20.
3 closes the hole 13 from the inside of the front hearth 10. The upper and lower ends of the nozzle 20 have a double tube structure, each made of platinum with an outer diameter of approximately 3.6 cm.
Rhodium alloy tubes 25 and 26 surround the nozzle 20, the upper end of the tube 25 is connected to the nozzle 20 below the flange 23, and the lower end is connected to the flange 24.
is provided, and this flange 24 is in contact with the outer surface of the bottom of the floor hearth 10 and closes the hole 13. Further, a terminal 21 for supplying electricity to the nozzle 20 is connected to this flange 24 . tube 2
The lower end of the nozzle 6 is connected to the lower end of the nozzle 20 to form a molten glass outlet 22 at the lower end of the nozzle 20. A terminal 21' for supplying electricity to the nozzle 20 is connected to the upper end of the tube 26. When the nozzle 20 is energized, the temperature of the nozzle 20 rises rapidly due to the double tube structure at both ends.
フランジ２４の下面に接して、環状の水冷装置
３３が設けてあり、これによつてフランジ２４を
冷却し、隙間から溶融ガラスが洩れるのを完全に
防止する。 An annular water cooling device 33 is provided in contact with the lower surface of the flange 24, thereby cooling the flange 24 and completely preventing leakage of molten glass from the gap.
ノズル２０の中央部（２重管構造になつていな
い部分）に環状の冷却装置３０を取り付け、導管
３１から導入した冷却気体を、多数の小孔３２か
らノズル２０に向つて吹き付け、ノズル２０内の
ガラスを冷却するようにしてある。ノズル２０の
中央部の最下端、即ち管２６の上端に近い位置
に、白金−白金ロジウム熱電対２７を取り付け、
ノズル２０の温度を測定した。 An annular cooling device 30 is attached to the center part of the nozzle 20 (the part that does not have a double pipe structure), and the cooling gas introduced from the conduit 31 is blown toward the nozzle 20 through a large number of small holes 32 to cool the inside of the nozzle 20. It is designed to cool the glass. A platinum-platinum rhodium thermocouple 27 is attached to the lowermost end of the center of the nozzle 20, that is, near the upper end of the tube 26,
The temperature of the nozzle 20 was measured.
ノズル２０から流出する溶融ガラスを止めるた
めに、流出口２２に近い位置に設けてある溶融ガ
ラスを切断するシヤー４１は、一般に用いられて
いるシヤーと同じ構造のものである。シヤー４１
で溶融ガラスを切断した直後に、溶融ガラスの切
口に、冷却板５１を押し付け、溶融ガラスを冷却
固化して完全に止める。溶融ガラスが流出してい
るとき、冷却板５１は点線で図示する位置５１′
にあるが、シヤー４１で切断した直後に、針金５
５を矢印方向に引張ると、冷却板は支点５３を軸
にして回転し、流出口２２に殆んど接するような
位置に移動する。冷却板５１には導管５２から冷
却水が送られる。 A shear 41 for cutting the molten glass provided near the outlet 22 to stop the molten glass flowing out from the nozzle 20 has the same structure as a commonly used shear. sear 41
Immediately after cutting the molten glass, a cooling plate 51 is pressed against the cut end of the molten glass to cool and solidify the molten glass and completely stop it. When the molten glass is flowing out, the cooling plate 51 is at the position 51' shown in dotted lines.
Immediately after cutting with shear 41, wire 5
5 in the direction of the arrow, the cooling plate rotates around the fulcrum 53 and moves to a position where it almost touches the outlet 22. Cooling water is sent to the cooling plate 51 from a conduit 52.
実施例のガラスとしては、硼珪酸ガラスを用い
た。その組成は重量％で、SiO243.9％、Al2O34.1
％、B2O314.3％、Na2O0.8％、K2O2.0％、
Li2O3.1％、CaO2.0％、ZnO2.0％、廃棄物27.8％
である。ただし、廃棄物としては、高レベル廃棄
物と殆んど同じ成分と混合比を持つ混合物で、放
射能はなく、一般に高レベル廃棄物処理の研究に
使用されているようなものを用いた。 As the glass in the example, borosilicate glass was used. Its composition is in weight percent: SiO 2 43.9%, Al 2 O 3 4.1
%, B2O3 14.3 % , Na2O0.8 %, K2O2.0 %,
Li 2 O 3.1%, CaO 2.0%, ZnO 2.0%, waste 27.8%
It is. However, the waste used was a mixture that had almost the same components and mixing ratio as high-level waste, was non-radioactive, and was generally used in research on high-level waste treatment.
上記組成のガラスを1200〜1250℃で溶融し、フ
オアハース１０のガラスのレベルは24cm前後に保
つた。ガラスを溶融し、フオアハース１０の温度
を約1200℃まで上げたが、ガラスはノズル２０か
ら流出しなかつた。端子２１，２１′から、ノズ
ル２０に1000Aの電流を流し、ノズル２０の温度
が約900℃になると、ガラスの流出が始まつた。
ガラスは約50〜300Kg／時流出した。ガラスの流
出量は、ノズル２０の温度を一定にしても、フオ
アハース１０のガラスの温度を高くすると増加し
た。 The glass having the above composition was melted at 1200 to 1250°C, and the level of the glass in the floor hearth 10 was maintained at around 24 cm. Although the glass was melted and the temperature of the forehearth 10 was raised to about 1200° C., the glass did not flow out of the nozzle 20. A current of 1000 A was passed through the nozzle 20 from the terminals 21 and 21', and when the temperature of the nozzle 20 reached approximately 900° C., the glass began to flow out.
Approximately 50-300 kg/hour of glass flowed out. Even if the temperature of the nozzle 20 was kept constant, the amount of glass flowing out increased when the temperature of the glass of the front hearth 10 was increased.
溶融ガラスの流出の停止は、先ず、ノズル２０
への通電を停止し、次いで、導管３１から冷却装
置３０へ高圧空気を送り、小孔３２から空気を噴
出させてノズル２０を冷却する。ノズル２０が適
当な温度にまで下つたとき、シヤー４１で溶融ガ
ラスを切断し、直ちに冷却板５１を、流出口２２
の下方約２mmの位置へ移動させて、溶融ガラスの
切口に押しつけ、ガラスを冷却固化して、完全に
停止させた。 To stop the flow of molten glass, first, the nozzle 20
Then, high-pressure air is sent from the conduit 31 to the cooling device 30, and air is jetted out from the small hole 32 to cool the nozzle 20. When the temperature of the nozzle 20 drops to an appropriate temperature, the shear 41 cuts the molten glass, and the cooling plate 51 is immediately removed from the outlet 22.
It was moved to a position approximately 2 mm below the molten glass and pressed against the cut end of the molten glass, and the glass was cooled and solidified, stopping completely.
本実施例に用いた硼珪酸ガラスでは、フオアハ
ース１０のガラス温度が1150℃以上の場合は、ノ
ズル２０への通電を停止し、冷却装置３０によ
り、ノズル２０の温度を切断に好適な温度にまで
下げるのに７分以上かかつた。ガラスの流出を速
やかに停止するには、フオアハース１０のガラス
温度を1100℃以下にすることが好ましい。また流
出ガラスのシヤー４１による切断は、ノズル２０
の温度が高すぎると、ガラスが軟か過ぎて切断で
きず、温度が低過ぎると、切断時にガラスがフア
イバー状になつて飛散した。切断に好適なノズル
２０の温度は、フオアハース１０のガラスの温度
によつて異る。この実施例では、フオアハース１
０中のガラス温度が850〜950℃の場合は、ノズル
温度は700℃前後、フオアハース中のガラス温度
が900〜1100℃の場合は、600℃前後が好適であつ
た。 In the borosilicate glass used in this example, when the glass temperature of the front hearth 10 is 1150°C or higher, the power supply to the nozzle 20 is stopped, and the cooling device 30 is used to lower the temperature of the nozzle 20 to a temperature suitable for cutting. It took over 7 minutes to lower it. In order to quickly stop the outflow of glass, it is preferable that the glass temperature of the front hearth 10 is set to 1100° C. or lower. Further, the cutting of the outflow glass by the shear 41 is performed by the nozzle 20.
If the temperature was too high, the glass would be too soft to cut, and if the temperature was too low, the glass would become fibrous and scatter when cut. The temperature of the nozzle 20 suitable for cutting varies depending on the temperature of the glass of the front hearth 10. In this example, the front hearth 1
When the glass temperature in the furnace was 850 to 950°C, the nozzle temperature was preferably around 700°C, and when the glass temperature in the forehearth was 900 to 1100°C, it was suitable to be around 600°C.
操作に好適なフオアハース中のガラス温度、ノ
ズル温度は、ガラスの特性や、フオアハース、ノ
ズルの構造、寸法等によつて異る。 The glass temperature in the forehearth and nozzle temperature suitable for operation vary depending on the characteristics of the glass, the structure and dimensions of the forehearth and nozzle, and the like.
実施例ではフオアハースにノズルを取り付けた
が、フオアハースに限らず、どのようなデザイン
の溶融炉にも適用し得るものである。 In the embodiment, the nozzle is attached to the front hearth, but the present invention is not limited to the front hearth, and can be applied to any design of melting furnace.
ガラスを入れる容器６０は、ノズル２０の下方
に設けたコンベア（図示せず）上に載せ、ノズル
２０の真下に運ぶ。ガラスの注入が終れば、コン
ベアを動かして、次の空の容器をノズルの真下に
移動させる。 The container 60 containing the glass is placed on a conveyor (not shown) provided below the nozzle 20 and conveyed directly below the nozzle 20. Once the glass is filled, the conveyor is moved to move the next empty container directly below the nozzle.
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、溶融ガラ
スの流出及び停止を完全かつ速やかに行うことが
でき、高レベル廃棄物を含むガラス或いは結晶化
ガラスを、キヤニスタ中へ、無人の下で安全確実
に供給することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the flow of molten glass can be completely and quickly stopped, and glass containing high-level waste or crystallized glass can be transferred safely and unattended into a canister. can be reliably supplied.
図は本発明の実施例を示す部分断面図である。
１０：フオアハース、２０：ノズル、２１，２
１′：通電用端子、２２：流出口、２３，２４：
フランジ、３０：冷却装置、３３：水冷装置、４
１：シヤー、５１，５１′：冷却板、６０：容
器。
The figure is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. 10: Forearth, 20: Nozzle, 21,2
1': Terminal for energizing, 22: Outlet, 23, 24:
Flange, 30: Cooling device, 33: Water cooling device, 4
1: shear, 51, 51': cooling plate, 60: container.
Claims (1)
おいて、ガラス溶融炉に、炉底から突出する耐熱
金属製ノズルを設け、高レベル放射性廃棄物を含
むガラスまたは結晶化ガラスを溶融し、溶融した
後、ノズルに電流を流して加熱し、溶融したガラ
スをノズルを通して流し出し、ノズルの下に置い
た容器にこの溶融ガラスを供給し、容器中の溶融
ガラスが一定の量に達したとき、ノズルの通電を
停止してノズルを冷却し、ガラスの切断に適する
温度にまでノズル温度が下つたとき、ノズル下端
付近に設けた切断装置で流出ガラスを切断し、切
断後直ちに冷却板をノズル下端に押しあてて、ガ
ラスを冷却固化して流出を停止する、ガラス化し
た高レベル放射性廃棄物の処理方法。1. In a method of solidifying high-level radioactive waste, a glass melting furnace is equipped with a heat-resistant metal nozzle protruding from the bottom of the furnace, and after melting glass or crystallized glass containing high-level radioactive waste, Electric current is passed through the nozzle to heat it, flow the molten glass through the nozzle, supply this molten glass to a container placed below the nozzle, and when the molten glass in the container reaches a certain amount, the nozzle is energized. When the nozzle temperature has dropped to a temperature suitable for cutting glass, the outflowing glass is cut with a cutting device installed near the bottom end of the nozzle. Immediately after cutting, a cooling plate is pressed against the bottom end of the nozzle. A method for disposing of vitrified high-level radioactive waste that cools and solidifies the glass to stop its outflow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12220879A JPS5646500A (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1979-09-21 | Method of processing vitrificated high level radioactive waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12220879A JPS5646500A (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1979-09-21 | Method of processing vitrificated high level radioactive waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5646500A JPS5646500A (en) | 1981-04-27 |
| JPS6138838B2 true JPS6138838B2 (en) | 1986-09-01 |
Family
ID=14830218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12220879A Granted JPS5646500A (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1979-09-21 | Method of processing vitrificated high level radioactive waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5646500A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-09-21 JP JP12220879A patent/JPS5646500A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5646500A (en) | 1981-04-27 |
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