JPS6137562B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electro-optical measurement method and apparatus. In particular, the present invention relates to an electro-optical measuring method and apparatus for measuring the dimensions of an object in the lateral direction at a fixed position or measuring the profile of the object at various positions around the object's circumference. A preferred application of the invention is for use in determining the lateral dimensions and lateral profile of a hot bar exiting a bar rolling mill in a steel mill. It can also be used to measure the dimensions and profiles of pipes and formed objects with shapes other than round, and can be used for materials other than steel. Additionally, the present invention allows measurement device histograms to be determined and plotted as required. In steel factories that roll high-temperature round bars, the rolling speed for production reaches 1219 m/min (4000 ft/min), the maximum diameter is approximately 7.62 cm (3 inches), and the rolling temperature is required to be approximately 930°C (1700〓). Ru. Another requirement is that the cold bar dimensions and roundness produced be half of the currently established commercial tolerances.
To meet this requirement, computer-controlled rolling equipment must be implemented to combine command data and actual measured dimensions to generate rolling mill control signals that minimize out-of-specification products and maximize productivity. There is. Examples of operating data used in calculations by the rolling mill control computer include the desired bar diameter, ie, target size, a tolerance of 1/2 of the commercial tolerance, and the quality of the bar, ie, the carbon content of the rolled bar. Particularly important measurement data are the actual bar diameter or bar size, the actual bar transverse profile or bar profile, and the histogram of the bar size measurements. Another measurement item is bar temperature, which is a parameter used to correct for high-temperature bar shrinkage, and is necessary for both bar measurement and rolling mill computer control. In order to program the rolling mill control calculator to meet the requirements for mill speed, bar size and dimensional tolerance 1/2, all measurements must have the following properties: The bar dimensions are measured while the bar leaving the rolling mill is moving in the longitudinal direction and vibrating in the horizontal track, and the measurement frequency is approximately 300 Hz.
Image resolution is 0.0127 mm (0.0005 inch), absolute measurement accuracy is required to be 1/4 of the commercial tolerance, and all measurements must be highly reliable under the harsh environment of a steel mill. Bar temperature measurements require similar characteristics. A histogram of the measurement results is also required. Several types of electro-optical measurement devices are commercially available for measuring bar dimensions. Early types of bar sizing equipment operated on a self-illumination principle in which chopped infrared radiation from the hot bar was passed through a lens to form an image on an infrared detector. A basic edge detection circuit is used to generate uncorrected detection pulses for the bar edge. Modern electro-optical devices used for measuring bar dimensions operate on the principle of backlighting, in which the image of the object to be measured passes through the lens and onto the electronic camera surface as a shadow of the object. In an example of this type of measurement device, a scanning laser beam illuminates the object and a lens arrangement focuses the shadow of the object onto a phototransistor. A second known measuring device is such that a fixed light source of constant luminous intensity illuminates the object;
A lens system focuses the shadow of the object onto a two-axis, unidirectional, electronically scanned image orthicon tube. Third
The known device uses a self-scanning photodiode array instead of an image orthicon tube. The light-responsive devices of the three backlight metrology devices described above generate a positive camera pulse with a width approximately corresponding to the object dimension between the edges of the shadow. The edge detection device that processes this camera pulse includes a conventional or gated differentiator to precisely define the camera pulse width relative to the object size. Another type of electro-optical measurement device combines the characteristics described above to measure the transverse profile of a bar. A first type of profile measuring device has two sets of self-illuminating cameras fixedly arranged at right angles to each other with respect to the bar passage line. This device performs bar diameter measurements at 90° distances, but not bar profile measurements. Another type of electro-optic bar profile measuring device mounts two backlit cameras at right angles to each other on a scanning device. Thereby, the bar diameter measurements in two directions and the position measurements of the scanning device obtained during the circumferential scanning of the bar are displayed or recorded on the multichannel recorder. The above-mentioned known electro-optic bar size and profile measuring devices provide reasonably valid measurements. However, the known devices are inadequate for measuring bar dimensions and profiles for modern high speed hot rolling mills and do not meet some of the aforementioned requirements. A disadvantage of the known measuring device is that firstly the object to be measured must be in a defined position in the camera field of view. Second, required camera response speed and image resolution are not available. Third, accuracy is poor during high-speed operation. That is, during high-speed operation, switch noise and differentiator noise become significantly large. Additionally, there are various electrical noises from the surroundings, making it difficult to perform reliable and accurate bar measurements at high speeds. Fourth, it is difficult or impossible to correct error causes such as optical/electronic nonlinearity, resulting in a decrease in measurement accuracy. Fifth, it is unstable and causes drift. Sixth, it lacks the ability to reliably plot and display the diameter of the bar at room temperature and the profile information of each outer circumferential position to the rolling mill operator or rolling mill computer. Seventhly, a bar measuring device histogram cannot be created. Eighth, it is not possible to correct deviations in measured dimensions due to high-frequency transverse vibration of the bar. The main object of the invention is to provide a new electro-optical measurement method and device. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measurement method and device having high response speed, high measurement repetition rate, high accuracy, and high stability and reliability in the environment of modern high-speed hot rolling mills. Our goal is to provide the following. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical system capable of precisely measuring the dimensions of an object, no matter where the object is within the field of view of a camera, or even when the object is vibrating transversely to its direction of movement. The object of the present invention is to provide a measuring method and apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to process a camera signal to remove noise contained in the object dimension pulse in the camera signal, thereby accurately determining the object dimension pulse and accurately determining the object position within the camera field of view. An object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measurement method and apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measurement method and apparatus that can correct object dimension signals from a camera for error sources such as optical and electronic nonlinearities. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measuring method and apparatus capable of plotting, displaying, and recording the profile of the dimensions of an object in one direction or two orthogonal directions and the outer circumferential position of the object. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measurement method and apparatus capable of plotting the profile of an object and displaying and recording it superimposed on the reference tolerance of the object. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measuring method and apparatus capable of plotting, displaying and recording a histogram of a measuring device. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical measurement method and apparatus capable of plotting object profiles or apparatus histograms suitable for use in computer-controlled manufacturing equipment. The computerized electro-optical measuring device according to the present invention for measuring the dimensions of a vibrating and moving hot bar in one direction or two orthogonal directions at a fixed position or at multiple circumferential positions can be used in a bar hot rolling mill. The above objectives can be advantageously achieved. The invention uses one or more backlit electronic camera heads which are mounted on the scanning device at 90 DEG to each other for bidirectional measurements. Each camera head is equipped with electronics including automatic camera control (AGC) circuitry and a digital bidirectional sweep generator for single-axis reciprocating scanning common to each camera. Further electronics in the camera electronics process the noise in a pulse edge detection circuit with an autocorrelator. Further circuitry of the camera electronics includes an accumulator that outputs digital bar size signals and bar position signals within the camera field of view. The bar size signals, bar position signals, bar temperature, etc. from each camera are processed offline or online by a digital computer programmed to perform the following functions. First, each bar size signal is corrected by digitally compensating for field of view errors, other optical and electronic nonlinearity errors, bar temperature, etc., resulting in extremely precise accuracy no matter where the bar is in the field of view. Outputs the measured bar diameter. Second, the measurement device is calibrated offline and automatically recalibrated online. Third, the drive of the scanning device is manually or automatically controlled to incrementally digitally store each camera's corrected bar diameter measurements during the scan. Fourthly,
Interacts with the CRT and print terminal to (a) display and record the bar diameter measurements of each camera at any location within the scanning range; (b) display and record the stored bar diameter data and operational data header used; In addition, the bar profile is displayed superimposed on the commercial tolerance and its 1/2 tolerance, and the deviation from the target is displayed.(c) The histogram of each measurement and the histogram of the measurement deviation are displayed and recorded. The calculator sends profile and histogram data to the mill controller when requested. Embodiments and drawings illustrating the present invention will be described. First, the bar size measurement control device will be explained. FIG. 1 shows a computerized electro-optical device for measuring and controlling bar dimensions, and a backlight camera is attached to a hot steel bar rolling mill. The measuring device measures the diameter of the bar 10, for example, and is fixed in a lateral position past the exit side of the roll stand 11. As will be described below, the calculator fed with the bar diameter signal plots the lateral dimension of the bar 10. After this, the bar diameter data is displayed,
This data is recorded and transmitted to the rolling mill controller, which uses this data to regulate the lateral spacing of the roll stands 11 and to target the bar 10 to size. The light source box 30 shown in FIG.
1, when the bar 10 passes through the optical path, the size of the shadow of the bar is proportional to the diameter of the bar at a certain lateral position and becomes an image of the electronic camera head 31. The standard structure of a backlit camera head will be described later with reference to FIG. The light box 30 produces light at a diameter perpendicular to the bar 10 that is larger than the largest measurable dimension of the camera field of view. For example, set the camera field of view to 7.62
cm (3 inches), the diameter of the light source is 10.16 cm
(4 inches). Furthermore, the wavelength and intensity of the light source are made to correspond to the sensitivity characteristics of the electronic camera head 31. As the standard light source, a blue light source such as a direct current ignition fluorescent lamp is suitable for use in an electronic camera head, which will be described later. The shadow of the rod 10 and the illumination light outside the side edges of the rod come from the backlight source box 30 and produce a camera signal to the electronic camera head 31. The camera signal contains pure camera pulses and noise and is supplied via conductor 34 to a first camera element arrangement 35 . As described below with respect to FIG. 4, the camera signal is processed to remove noise and generate digital bar size and bar position signals that are provided to computer 27 via cable 36. Measurement enable signal and other signals are in Calculator 2
7 via a cable 37 to the camera electronics 35. A bar target digital signal is also supplied via a cable 43 from a knob selector 42 to the computer 27 of the electro-optical bar measuring device of the present invention. The target size signal is, for example, 4.445 cm (1.7500 inches), and is used for purposes such as determining the bar size deviation as described later.
Furthermore, the calculator 27 receives a digital bar composition signal from the knob selector 44 via a cable 45. The composition signal indicates the carbon component value of the bar 10, for example,
It is set at 0.230% and is used for the purpose of correcting the shrinkage dimension of the high temperature bar 10, which will be described in detail later. Required command data signals, such as date, time, bar dimensional tolerances, etc., are supplied from data source 46 to computer 27 via cable 47. The data signals, such as the target size signal and the composition signal mentioned above, can also be provided by a control device that directly controls the rolling of the bar 10, at the option of the user of the measuring device. To provide temperature correction of the diameter measurements of the hot bar being rolled, a RAND optical pyrometer head 48 is brought into close proximity to the scanning device 12 to measure the hot bar temperature. Optical pyrometer head 48 generates a high-response high-temperature signal and supplies it via cable 49 to, for example, the Rand Corporation pyrometer electronics. The measured temperature signal is modified by the scaling linearization circuit of the pyrometer electronics 50 to provide a modified temperature signal (e.g. 1670〓(910〓
°C) is supplied to a digital indicator 52 via a cable 51. Additionally, the corrected temperature signal is supplied via cable 53 to computer 27 for use in correcting for shrinkage of bar 10. The use of the RAND optical pyrometer head 48 and pyrometer electronics 50 eliminates the coordination problems of providing a corrected temperature signal to the calculator 27 and indicator 52 with the required accuracy and speed of response. For adjustment operations, this pyrometer device may be replaced by an optical field scanning pyrometer device as described in US Pat. No. 4,015,476, Scanning Pyrometer Device. Optical field scanning pyrometer devices attach a rapidly reciprocating mirror to the pyrometer head to collimate the field of view through which the hot bar passes. The hot bar is imaged through the slit and detected by a high-response infrared detector mounted on the pyrometer head. The infrared detector signal is fed to a peak detector and a sample and hold circuit that measures and stores a non-linear signal of the temperature of the bar 10. The stored nonlinear signal is calibrated and linearized in the computer 27 via the cable 35. The stored temperature signal is updated by a busy-ready flag pulse supplied via dotted line cable 54, for example every 20 ms, for each scan of the reciprocating mirror. Means are provided to adjust the field scanning frequency and field width to adapt to the respective task. Another feature of the bar measuring device according to the invention is an automatic recalibration device. As will be described later, recalibration is performed every time the rear end of the hot bar 10 leaving the rolling mill 11 is detected. To this end, hot bar detector 55 detects the presence and absence of a hot bar and provides a corresponding signal via conductor 56 to hot metal detection electronics 57 . The presence/absence signal is sent to the computer 2 through the cable 58.
7 to start and stop the automatic recalibration device. All camera signals, target dimension signals, composition signals, data signals, temperature signals, and bar presence/absence signals are transmitted through the respective cables 36, 43, 45, 47, 53,
58 to the computer 27, and the computer 27 sends these signals to a group of computers offline, which will be described later.
Processes under the control of online programs to perform various functions. One of these functions is to supply bar diameter data and bar deviation data compared to commercial tolerance standards from the calculator 27 via a cable 59 to a CRT (display) terminal 60; The purpose is to enable interaction between a standard keyboard and the computer 27. Other functions of the calculator 27 include providing bar diameter data and operating header data from the calculator 27 via a cable 62 to a printing terminal 63 and allowing interaction between the calculator 27 and a standard keyboard at the terminal 63 via a cable 64. The goal is to The printing terminal 63 performs printing 65 of data logs and the like. Another function of the calculator 27 is to transmit bar diameter data and measuring device histograms to a control device 67 via a cable 66.
supply to. This operation is performed in response to a controller request signal that is fed back to the computer via cable 68. FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the bar 10. The dotted circles 69 and 70 are the maximum and minimum values of the standard tolerance for the target size diameter. The target size of the bar is 4.45cm.
(1.7500 inches). Figure 2 will be discussed further later. The display on the CRT terminal 60 is almost the same as the computer print 65. Therefore, the bar diameter information displayed by the CRT terminal 60 is extremely useful for the measuring device operator and the rolling mill operator. The electronic camera head will be explained. FIG. 4 shows a backlit electronic camera head 31 used in the electro-optic bar measuring device shown in FIG.
0 on the optical axis on the opposite side to the bar 10. With this arrangement, the entire camera field of view 80 is illuminated, and the shadow 81 changes in proportion to the dimension between the upper and lower edges 82 and 83 of the hot rod. Although the diagram of high-temperature bar 10 appears to be stationary at first glance, the rolling speed is 1219 m/min.
(4000 ft/min) The bar material vibrates within the locus 84. Therefore, the shadow 84 of the bar not only changes vertically in proportion to its diameter, but also moves horizontally and vertically, and the range of movement is approximately 7.62 cm (3 inches) in diameter.
It will be within the circle. Therefore, a larger field of view is required than in the case of a fixed bar, which increases the problem of measurement accuracy. Since the bar shadow 81 changes in the vertical direction and its position changes both horizontally and vertically, a telecentric lens system 85 is used in the camera head 31 to pass only parallel light rays, and the focal plane is set at the most of the bar trajectory 84. It should extend from the nearest horizontal line to the farthest horizontal green. The lens used for this purpose was a 7-element lens system 86, which was oriented so that a 7.62 cm (3 inch) diameter bar trajectory 84 was placed in the center of a 10.16 cm (4 inch) field of view 80. Lens system 86 has an image size reduction ratio of 1:2, and telecentric lens stop 87 has a narrow horizontal optical aperture 88 through which shadow 81 passes. The shadow 81 of the rod is passed through an optical filter 89, allowing only the blue light from the light source 30 to pass through, thereby preventing the adverse effects of light from other light sources with different wavelengths entering the visual field. Therefore, the telecentric lens system 85 produces a shadow 81 of the bar due to the horizontal light source, which changes in the vertical direction as the position of the bar edges 82, 83 changes;
Even when the bar 10 moves in the lateral direction, it is brought into sharp focus. The shadow 81 has the same dimensions along the optical axis, but increases in size according to a nonlinear function as it moves away from the optical axis in a vertical direction. This is caused by a nonlinear combination of electrons, coils, and lenses, is called a field error, and is corrected by the computer 27 as described below. The shadow 81 of the bar transmitted by the telecentric lens system 85 is projected onto the image response device 90. The image response device 90 scans at 300Hz, has a resolution of 1/10000, and has high sensitivity to blue light. The device 90 is a resolution (ID) tube, has a photocathode electrode 91, and has a bar shadow 81 in the central image conversion section.
receive. The photocathode electrode 91 is provided on the back side of the light transmitting surface of the drift portion of the ID tube 90. The photoelectrons emitted by the electrode 91 are concentrated by an external device, pass through the electron aperture 92, and enter the photomultiplier (PM) of the ID tube 90. An example of the device 90 is a high resolution resolution tube No. F4052RP manufactured by ITT. The electronic camera head 31 includes a cylindrical deflection and focusing coil device 9 surrounding the cylindrical body of the resolution tube 90.
It has 3. The coil device 93 has Y-axis and X-axis deflection coils and a focusing coil, respectively, and is individually energized by an external power source. A standard Myumetal shield covers the outer cylinder wall of the coil arrangement 93 and provides effective shielding of radial magnetic fields. As a coil device for square image tubes, the No.
There is YF2308−CC3c type. The standard mu-metal shield of coil arrangement 93 may not provide sufficient shielding against radial and axial magnetic fields. For example, when the tube 90 is operated at a high sensitivity level and an electrical device that generates a strong magnetic field is activated near the cage, the output of the tube 90 will change. When this condition occurs, it becomes necessary to reinforce the standard mu-metal shield to better attenuate the axial magnetic field. For this purpose, a standard mymetal shield is extended axially towards the lens system 85, the end of the filter 89 is closed and the bar shadow 8
Only one image enters the photocathode 91 of the resolution tube 90. Further field attenuation can also be provided by a second mu-metal shield surrounding the extended shield. The first shield may remain standard and second and third cylindrical mu-metal shields may be extended axially to surround the first shield. A device is provided to calibrate changes such as drift of the resolution tube and other electronic nonlinearities as shown in FIG. Drift and changes in measurement conditions are identified by an on-line calibration check and the calibrated bar signal is corrected, as described below. For this calibration check, the resolution tube 90 is of a type having a masked photocathode 91 as shown in FIG. The masked photocathode 91 shown in FIG. 5 has a patterned image non-conversion section in contact with the image conversion section.
That is, a calibration mask 94 in which a conventional photocathode photoresponsive material is selectively deposited on an image-transmitting glass surface 96 by a precision masking method to form a calibration reference pattern;
Form 95. In the illustrated example, calibration mask 94 is a single 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) wide mask centered to the right of the photocathode. Calibration mask 94, referred to as the right mask, is used for on-line checking of bar gauge calibration drift with the RTMASK computer program described below. Calibration mask 95 has five 2.54mm
(0.100 inch) wide mask, and the mutual spacing is
2.54 mm (0.100 inch) and on the left side of the photocathode 91. Calibration mask 95 is referred to as a left mask;
The LFTMSK computer block described later performs an online check of optical and electronic nonlinear fluctuations of the bar measuring device. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the right mask 94 of FIG. 5, showing that the void in the right mask 94 extends into the glass surface 96 of the resolution tube 90. Throughout bar gauge operation, a uniaxial bidirectional sweep signal is provided to the Y-axis deflection coil and a constant current is provided to the focus coil, as described below. Under normal bar measurement operation, no current is supplied to the X-axis deflection coil. Thereby, the Y-axis scan performs a "C" scan, that is, a scan of the central image converting section of the photocathode 91 shown in FIG. When the detector 55 produces a signal that the bar 10 is not in the camera field of view, the calculator 27 supplies a positive or negative bias current to the X-axis deflection coil to select the right or left calibration mask 94,95.
This X-axis bias moves the Y-axis scan of the photocathode 91 surface to the right or left, resulting in "R" scan and "L" scan on both sides of the "C" scan shown in FIG. The effect of the X-axis bias is to move the right or left calibration mask 94, 95 over the electronic aperture 92 of the resolution tube 90. Applying a Y-axis scan voltage to the Y-axis deflection coil causes the image of the right or left calibration mask to move up and down across the electronic aperture 92, similar to the bar shadow 81 for a "C" scan. The camera pulse produced on the conductor 34 when the calculator 27 selects the calibration mask 94 or 95 has the same pulse width as if the shadow 81 of the bar having dimensions and positions corresponding to this mask had been imaged onto the photocathode. will have the following. The camera electronic device will be explained. The camera electronics used in the electro-optic bar size measurement system of FIG. 1 is shown as camera electronics 35 in FIG. Details of the camera electronics are shown in Figures 4 and 7.
- Shown in Figure 13. The illustrated electronic equipment is a conventional solid-state device and includes TTL (transistor-transistor logic) logic elements, which are represented by logic symbols. The bidirectional sweep generator 97 shown in FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 is a timing diagram.
12MHz crystal oscillator 12 with swept generator 97
4 supplies a series of basic square wave clock pulses 8A to various parts of the bar measuring device. In addition to the actual measurement of processed bar pulses, all digital operations are synchronized by clock pulses 8A, bidirectional sweep signals 8E, and sweep reset pulses 8D. Pulses 8E and 8D are generated within the sweep circuit at approximately 300Hz. Clock pulse 8A and sweep signal 8E are synchronized by a sweep reset pulse 8D in each sweep cycle. Therefore, the sweep signal 8E can be divided using the required submultiples of the clock pulse 8A and used for the desired purpose. Clock pulse 8A is used for actual measurements, and clock pulse 8A is divided into the frequency of bidirectional sweep signal 8E and used for other bar size control devices. The frequency values of clock pulse 8A and bidirectional sweep signal 8E are not themselves important. This is because the measurement device is calibrated by placing a standard size bar in the field of view of each camera. However, the sweep stability and sweep linearity are
This is important because it directly affects the accuracy of the measuring device. The master clock 98 shown in FIG.
A master clock 98 receives a 12 MHz clock pulse 8A and a 300 Hz sweep reset pulse 8D from a bidirectional sweep generator 97, and includes a buffer, digital counter, divider, and logic circuit to provide synchronization pulses for all camera electronics 35. All are supplied and used for timing and measurement purposes. This pulse is a buffered 12MHz clock pulse of 8
A, includes buffered 300Hz sweep reset pulse 8D. Other pulses include a 300 Hz short-lived fast strobe pulse 8H and a data preparation pulse similar to pulse 8H but with a longer life. This data preparation pulse is provided on lead 99 and other pulses are provided to other circuits as shown in FIG. The window oscillator 100 is derived from the master clock 98.
A 12 MHz clock pulse of 8 A is received and the gate and logic circuits generate a window pulse of 8 A every 1/2 of each bidirectional sweep cycle as shown in the timing diagram of Figure 8.
Generate F. An inverted window pulse 8 is also generated. The window pulses 8F, 8 are supplied to other circuits to be described later. The width and timing of window pulses 8F and 8 are:
It is determined by a control pulse supplied from the computer 27 via the conductor 101. Briefly, the width of the window pulses 8F, 8 is such that the sweep signal 8E is
Regarding the time required to sweep only the 300 Hz sweep cycle, this time is most of the upper or lower half of the entire 300 Hz sweep cycle. For example, change the camera field of view to 7.62 cm (3 inches).
And if the lens is 10.16cm (4 inches)
A field of view of 7.62 cm (3 inches) covers the entire surface of the photocathode 91. Scanning over photoelectrode 91 occurs in each upper and lower half of sweep cycle 8F. This overscanning is divided into two equal time intervals at the beginning and end of each upper and lower half of each sweep cycle 8E. Thus, the duration of the window pulse 8F (approximately 75%) and the overscan (approximately 25%)
%) is the duration of each upper and lower half of the bidirectional sweep cycle 8E. In another embodiment, the window pulse width can be manually set by a selection gate circuit (not shown) instead of the control signal from the computer 27 through the conductor 101. The computer program RTMASK, which will be described later,
At LFTMSK, GAGRCL, and CALIBR, window oscillator 100 is programmed via conductor 101 to change the steady-state dimensions and timing of window pulses 8F, 8. In the RTMASK and GAGRLC programs, the dimensions and timing of the window pulses are set to match the dimensions and position of the right calibration mask 94 in FIG. The LFTMSK program generates five window pulses with dimensions and timing corresponding to the dimensions and position of each left calibration mask 95 to selectively cover all left calibration masks 95.
In the CALIBR program, the size and timing of the window pulses are determined by the right and left calibration masks 94,
95 dimensions and positions. In the subroutine GAGEIN program, the dimensions of the steady window pulses 8F, 8 are set as described later. As shown in FIG. 4, the bidirectional sweep signal 8E is supplied from the sweep generator 97 to the Y-axis deflection coil of the coil device 93 via the Y-axis coil deflection exciter 102. A constant current from a focus coil power supply 103 is supplied to the focus coil. Adjust the focal current value to
All electrons emitted from each point on the photocathode 91 are focused on one point on the surface of the electron aperture 92. The X-axis coil excitation 104 is connected to the X-axis deflection coil of the coil arrangement 93. No current is supplied to the X-axis coil during normal bar size measurement control operation. Therefore, the vertical scanning on the Y axis becomes a "C" scanning of the center of the image transmission section of the photocathode 91, as shown in FIG.
In the later-described RTMASK and LFTMSK programs of the computer 27, the control line 10 is
5, 106 to the X-coil exciter 104, the exciter 104 supplies a positive or negative bias to the X-axis coil. The Y-axis vertical scan line moves to the right or left to become an "R" scan or "L" scan on the right mask 94 or the left mask 95. It is also possible to manually supply the positive or negative bias current instead of using a command from the computer 27. As described above, the scanning of the resolution tube 90 is performed by the coil device 93 in a single Y-axis scan or in both vertical scans as required, and is continuously scanned as an up-and-down sweep without blanking. During normal bar measurement control operations, no X-axis sweep is performed and a positive or negative bias is provided for device calibration when bar shadow 81 is not being measured. When the bar shadow 81 is scanned across the camera field of view,
The output current of the resolution tube 90 decreases rapidly when entering the shadow 81 of the rod, and increases rapidly when passing the shadow 81. This current change, along with electrical noise from the rolling mill, is converted to voltage, amplified via a preamplifier not shown in FIG. 4, and provided to lead 34 as a raw camera signal output from camera head 31.
This raw camera signal consists of unmodified bar pulses and noise. A self-balancing measurement loop 107 operating the resolution tube 90 associated with the camera head 31 includes a camera pulse processor 108 , a photomultiplier (PM) AGC circuit 109 that produces a variable control voltage via conductor 110 , and a PM section of the resolution tube 90 . It has a voltage controlled high voltage power supply 111 for use. Another stable drift section high voltage power supply 112 supplies voltage to the drift section. The camera pulse processor 108 is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and FIG. 11 shows the timing pulses of the processor. The camera pulse processor will be described later, but briefly, it has a buffer circuit, a differentiator, a level detector, a zero-crossing detector, and an autocorrelator, and removes noise from the raw camera signal and the differentiator. The signal is combined in the logic circuit of the processor with the inverted window pulses 8 to output for measurement only those bar pulses of valid amplitude that occur at the correct timing. When the window is not open, the bar pulse does not pass through. The camera pulse processor provides a buffered camera signal 11A and a precision square wave bar pulse 11P, 1 from an internal flip-flop.
Generates 1P. The bar pulse width varies in proportion to the bar shadow 81 and is proportional to the dimension between the bar side edges 82, 83. The photomultiplier (PM) AGC circuit 109 is shown in FIG. 12 and will be described in detail later, but the buffered camera signal 11A
It has a comparator, a switched integrator, and an amplifier, and supplies a switched variable control voltage to the conductor 110. This control voltage is the PM section high voltage power supply 111.
is supplied to change the gain of the resolution tube 90. This comparator establishes a reference gain level and internal logic combines window pulse 8F and inverted bar pulse 11 to generate AGC blanking pulse 8G.
This AGC planking pulse defines the time interval for sampling the camera signal. The operation of self-balancing measurement loop 107 will now be described.
When there is no bar 10 in the measuring device, light from the light source 30 illuminates the photocathode 91. This generates a current in the PM section of the resolution tube 90, which flows through the conductor 34. This current is proportional to the intensity of light from light source 30. The gain of the PM section of resolution tube 90 is initially adjusted to a high level by the effective level of the AGC control voltage produced by circuit 109. If the light intensity decreases or the resolution tube 90 ages, the AGC circuit 109 compensates for this change and changes the gain of the PM section of the tube 90 by adjusting the value of the PM section high voltage from the power supply 111. to keep the camera signal at a constant amplitude. Even when the bar 10 is within the light path of the light source 30, the AGC circuit 109 operates to maintain a constant output amplitude of the resolution tube 90. Therefore self-balancing measurement loop 1
07 maintains the operation of the resolution tube 90 at a high sensitivity level,
At the same time, it maintains a high signal-to-noise ratio, allowing effective processing of raw camera pulses. As shown in Fig. 4, precision bar pulse 11P, clock pulse 8A, clock reset pulse 8
D, rapid strobe pulse 8H is supplied to display timing circuit 113; Internal logic counts and divides clock pulses 8A by two during the connection time of two bar pulses 11P that occur during a bidirectional sweep cycle. A clock reset pulse 8D that synchronizes this count occurs at the end of each bidirectional sweep signal 8E. The logic circuit responds with a rapid strobe pulse 8H to output a binary bar size signal on lead 114 for display. To prevent display flickering, the binary bar size signal is averaged over a predetermined number of sweeps, eg, 4, 32, 512. The binary bar size signal is provided via conductor 114 to a digital display 115. A counter-decoder display module within display 115 displays the decimal value of the uncorrected bar size of the bar 10 that enters the camera's field of view. By uncorrected dimensions is meant the bar dimensions prior to corrections based on optoelectronic nonlinearity, bar temperature, and composition. Receiving the uncorrected bar size signal, the calculator 27 makes corrections and supplies the corrected binary bar size signal to the corrected size display 117 via the conductor 116. This display 117 also has the same structure as the display 115. Digital displays 115 and 117 are controlled by clock reset pulse 8D and rapid strobe pulse 8H.
Visually displays the synchronously updated dimensions every 512 sweeps. The difference in dimensions displayed on both indicators 115 and 117 indicates to the measuring device operator and rolling mill operator that (a) the correction function of the measuring device is operating correctly, and (b) that the rolling mill is producing a product of the target size. Let me know that you are rolling. The computer correction of the bar pulse 11P not only accurately determines the bar dimensions, but also ensures that the camera head 3
The center position of the bar within the camera field of view with respect to the optical axis of 1 is corrected. For this purpose, the bar pulse 11
P, clock pulse 8A, clock reset pulse 8D, and rapid strobe pulse 8H to bar size and position accumulator 118. The accumulator 118 is shown in FIG. 13, and the pulse timing is shown in FIG. 8 and will be described in detail later. The two sets of counting latch circuits are controlled by a common control gate and provide a binary bar output signal to conduit 119 and
A binary bar centerline position output signal is provided to 20. The binary bar size signal is similar to the unmodified bar size signal provided to the display timing circuit 113 described above. 1/ of camera field of view based on binary bar position signal
Errors in the bar size signal can be corrected with an accuracy of 256 degrees. Transfer of data between the computer 27 and each part of the device is performed by a computer data transfer logic circuit 121. Logic circuit 121 receives a command signal via conductor 122 and learns that computer 27 is capable of data transfer. Command signal 122 is combined with a data ready pulse produced by master clock 98 on lead 99. In combination, logic circuit 121 generates a send request signal on conductor 123 to synchronize the timing of calculator 27 and measurement equipment. A bidirectional sweep generator will be explained. FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of bidirectional sweep generator 97, and FIG. 8 shows a timing diagram. 7.62cm
In order to measure bar dimensions with a (3 inch) diameter field of view and an instrument accuracy of 1/4 of the general tolerance, the bidirectional sweep on the Y axis of the resolution tube 90 is highly accurate and repeatable. I need. Conventional analog sweep circuits have difficulty reaching and maintaining this required level.
An analog sweep circuit can also be used if a reduction in device accuracy is acceptable. However, in order to obtain the high precision of the measuring device of the present invention, for the bidirectional sweep of the Y axis, a digital device using a crystal oscillator as the time base, a digital counter, yielding the actual bidirectional sweep waveform 8E14 Use a bit digital to analog converter. A digital device transforms the sweep waveform 8E as described below. A high stability 12MHz crystal clock oscillator 124 for generating the time base has a square wave output. A buffer 125 prevents uneven loading between sweep operations of the time base 124 and a series of clock pulses 8.
A is supplied to the differential line exciter 126. The output of exciter 126 is provided as clock pulses 8A to master clock 98 of camera electronics 35. The output of buffer 125 provides clock pulse 8A to digital divider 127, whose counting logic produces waveforms 8B and 8C. Waveform 8
B becomes an input to an up-down counter 128, a 14-bit binary inversion counter. Waveform 8B is 5/12 of the fundamental clock frequency, or 5MHz. Waveform 8
C is a timing pulse that is applied to counter inversion logic 129 and occurs twice during 12 clock cycles. Waveform 8B uses 5 pulse positions during 12 clock cycles, and waveform 8C uses 2 pulse positions. Therefore, 5 positions remain unused in the 12 clock cycles of the bidirectional sweep period. The counter inversion logic circuit 129 indicates that the up-down counter 128 has reached a total count of all 1s.
is sensed, circuit 129 passes a countdown enable signal to counter 128. The timing of the countdown occurs at the first timing pulse 8C after reaching the full count. When the counter 128 senses the countdown enable signal, it starts counting down at the next clock pulse 8B. When logic circuit 129 senses all zeros in counter 128, it generates a count up enable signal the next time timing pulse 8C occurs. At the next clock pulse 8B, counter 128 starts counting up. Up-down counter 128 produces a 14-bit binary output which is provided via conductor 130 to a 14-bit binary DA converter 131. DA converter 131 produces a highly linear analog bidirectional sweep signal 8E in response to counter 128. This signal is buffered by a sweep circuit buffer 132 to prevent overloading of the DA converter, and is output as a sweep signal 8E to the camera electronics 35.
It is supplied to the coil exciter 102. When the up-down counter 128 reaches the final down bit, a reset pulse 8D is generated to reset the logic circuit 129 and the DA converter 131. Differential line exciter 133 provides a reset signal to master clock 98 of the camera electronics. As previously mentioned, there are 5 unused pulse positions during the 12 clock cycles. Using this position, as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
It is also possible to provide accurate non-linear deformation to the highly linear sweep signal 8E by connecting it in series with 28. Digital multiplier 134 receives waveform 8B and produces a modified waveform 8B'. Updown counter 12
8 changes the command signal according to the waveform 8B' and the timing pulse 8C, and changes the total up count or total down count depending on the characteristics of the multiplier. This results in a triangular sweep with slightly curved sides, as shown in modified sweep signal 8E'. The command input for the digital multiplier 134 is via the conductor 135.
is supplied from the computer 27 by. Manual setting can also be performed using a device not shown. This multiplier was used to perform sweep corrections to correct for optical and/or electronic errors, and correction devices of this type were not used. The camera pulse processor will be explained. A block diagram of the camera pulse processor 108 is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and a timing diagram is shown in FIG. Camera pulse processor 108 is connected to conductor 34
The above raw camera pulse is converted into an accurate bar output pulse on the conductor 11P, resulting in a pulse with a width between both edges 82, 83 of the bar that accurately represents the dimensional relationship between the edges 82, 83. The differentiator, autocorrelator, and other components described below enable the camera pulse processor 108 to process raw camera pulses at camera scan rates up to approximately 300 Hz, and to remove camera signal and differentiator noise effects. . FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of camera pulse processor 108, with symbols 11A-11P on the conductors indicated by the waveforms of FIG. The camera signal on lead 34 is buffered and amplified by buffer 136 to produce signal 11A. The signal 11A is differentiated by a first differentiator 137 and becomes an output 11B. signal 11
B is fed to low and high threshold detectors 138, 139 to obtain outputs 11C, 11D. Detector 13
8,139 produces an output signal when the positive input is at a lower voltage than the negative input. The first differential signal 11B is differentiated again by the second differentiator 140 and becomes an output 11E. Output 1
Start and stop 1E zero crossover detector 1
41,142. Detectors 141, 14
2 is triggered on positive and negative zero crossing transitions of greater than 1 millivolt to produce bar pulse start zero stop zero outputs 11F, 11G. This output 1
1F, 11G are low and high threshold signals 11C, 1
1D and is supplied to a fixed delay autocorrelator 143. As will be described later, the output signals 11F and 11G are processed inside the circuit 143 to become signals 11M and 1, respectively.
1 “0” is generated. Low/high threshold signal 11C, 1
1D is bar material pulse start/stop signal 11M, 11
Signals 11M, 1 form a narrow window for “0”
1 "0" to produce accurate timing to form the leading and trailing edges of the bar output pulse 11P. As mentioned above, the electronic camera 31 signal on the conductor 34 also includes electrical noise. This noise is high frequency, low amplitude noise with a frequency that is magnetically coupled to the electronic camera signal from the high current near the electronic camera, SCR activation, and mill drive motor controller. If the fixed delay autocorrelation factor 143 is not used, this noise may also cause the bar output pulse 11P to be triggered. For example, camera signal 11A
low threshold signal 11C is enabled and zero crossing detector 141 generates a bar output pulse start trigger signal when the transition produces a first differential voltage 11B below the -3V limit of detector 138 . Because the gains of differentiators 137, 140 increase with input frequency, low amplitude high frequency noise spikes can generate first differentiator 137 output signal 11B below the -3V threshold of detector 138. This actually occurs around the rolling mill when the bar pulse generation circuit is not reinforced. For this purpose, the raw camera pulse processor 108
The fixed delay autocorrelator 143 has separate autocorrelator bar pulse start and stop circuits 144, 145, as shown in FIG. The bar pulse start and stop circuits 144, 145 discriminate the second differential signal component caused by high frequency noise from the second differential signal 11E caused by the active bar pulse signal.
At the falling edge of the camera signal 11A, the second differential signal 11
E rises to a positive voltage for about 10 milliseconds and then falls to a negative voltage. For clarity of illustration, the waveform of signal 11E in FIG. 11 does not correspond to actual dimensions. The zero crossing detection of the second differential signal 11E by the detectors 141, 142 is the trigger point of the start/stop bar pulse of the signals 11M, 11 "0", and the bar output pulse 1
Define the leading and trailing edges of 1P. Autocorrelator bar start/stop circuits 144, 145
makes effective use of the rising and falling times of 10 milliseconds for each of the second differential signals 11E. For this purpose, autocorrelator enabling start and stop signals 11L and 11L, which will be described later, are required.
Generates 1N. Autocorrelator start enable signal 11L
occurs when the second differential signal 11E is continuously positive for at least 1/2 of 10 milliseconds before falling negative. Similarly, the autocorrelator stop enable signal 11N occurs when the second derivative signal 11E is continuously negative for at least 1/2 of 10 milliseconds before going positive. Actual correlator start/stop enabling signals 11L, 11N
are the respective low threshold signals 1 in circuits 144 and 145.
1C, 11D and the bar pulse start/stop zero crossing signals 11F, 11G to produce bar pulse start/stop signals 11M, 11 "0". signal 1
Bar material output pulse 11P by 1M, 11 “0”
occurs legitimately. As is clear from the above, since the high frequency noise that causes the positive and negative straying of the second differential signal 11E has a duration of 5 mmol seconds or less, the autocorrelator enabling start/stop signals 11L and 11N are not generated and the bar material Triggering of output pulse 11P is prevented. 10, the operation of the autocorrelator bar pulse starting circuit 144 will be described. The operation of the autocorrelator bar pulse stop circuit 145 is similar, but the second
In response, differential signal 11E is continuously negative for 10 milliseconds before becoming positive. Both circuits 144, 14
5 both use normal logic circuits. Low threshold signal 11C is applied to one of three inputs of NAND gate 147 which is inverted by amplifier 146. NAND gate 146 generates bar stock pulse start signal 11M under predetermined logic conditions. The bar material pulse starting zero crossing signal 11F is supplied to a Schmitt trigger 148, inverted by an amplifier 149, and sent to a NAND gate 147 as a trigger signal 11H.
and one-shot delay circuit 150.
The negative transition of signal 11H triggers one-shot delay circuit 150 to generate a 5 millisecond logic "1" pulse 11I at the Q output and a 5 millisecond logic "0" pulse 11J at the output. Pulse 11I is provided to the input of AND gate 151. The output of limit trigger 148 is applied to the other input of AND gate 151 and to the reset input of flip-flop device 152. High threshold signal 11D is provided to the data input of flip-flop 152 and camera signal 1
Enable autocorrelator starting circuit 144 during the falling edge of signal 1A and enable circuit 144 during the rising edge of signal 11A.
Inactive. When the signal 11H becomes negative, the input of the inverter 149 becomes positive. Positive action is flip-flop 1
52 reset condition is removed and AND gate 15
A logic "1" is supplied to the 1 input. Here, the gate 151 transfers the pulse 11I to the flip-flop 152.
clock input, resulting in a logic "1" pulse 11K at the Q output. After a 5 millisecond delay, the delay time of the one shot delay circuit 15 has elapsed and the output changes state to become a logic "1" pulse 11J.
Pulse 11J becomes the clock input of flip-flop 153. The data input of flip-flop 153 is supplied with signal 11K from the Q output of flip-flop 152. If signal 11K is logic "1", flip-flop 153 output Q is set and start enable signal 1
Produces 1L. Signal 11L is derived from signal 11H and is applied to NAND gate 147 along with signal 11H and the inverted signal 11 of the low threshold signal to produce bar stock pulse start signal 11M. As discussed above, the bar stock pulse signals are delayed and combined to produce a fixed delay autocorrelation function. One-shot delay device 150 controls 5
When the output of the shoot trigger 148 becomes low for milliseconds, that is, when the second differential signal 11E is significantly narrower than the effective bar signal, the flip-flop 1
Reset 52 goes low and signal 11K becomes a logic "0". One-shot delay device 150
When the delay time expires 5 milliseconds later, signal 11K clocks flip-flop 153 with data input low. Therefore, the Q of flip-flop 153 is
The output is logic "0" and there is no line for processing the bar signal. One-shot delay device 150 is retriggerable and receives trigger pulses 11H one after the other.
If multiple trigger pulses of less than 5 milliseconds in duration trigger the one-shot delay device 150, the Q output signal 11I remains high for all pulses and a time period of 5 milliseconds elapses after the last trigger pulse. . AND gate 151 reclocks flip-flop 152 on each pulse.
The output of one-shot delay device 150 is continuously high during multiple trigger pulses, so signal 11
When I is combined with a Schmitt trigger pulse in AND gate 151, the clock line of flip-flop 152 undergoes a logic transition from "0" to "1" for each trigger pulse. As mentioned above, the bar pulse stop circuit 145 is similar to the circuit 144, except that the stop circuit 14
5 is triggered when the second differentiator signal 11E, which is concomitantly negative, becomes positive. Therefore, inverter 1
54, NAND gate 155, Schmitt trigger 1
56, inverter 157, one-shot delay device 158, AND gate 159, and flip-flops 160 and 161 are opposite of circuit 144 and have the same function. Therefore, circuit 145 will not be described in detail. After removing the electrical noise in the raw camera bar signal and the noise generated by the differentiators 137, 140, the bar pulse start/stop signals 11M, 11 "0"
are the outputs of the respective circuits 144, 145 and accurately indicate the timing of the leading and trailing edges of the bar pulse relative to the bar edges 82, 83. Here, the signal 11M,1
1 "0" is applied to the reset input of flip-flop 162, respectively. An inverted window pulse 8, shown in FIG. 8, is provided from window oscillator 100 to the clock input of flip-flop 162. The data input of flip-flop 162 is fixed at 0 volts.
Therefore, flip-flop 162 is enabled only while window pulse 8F is present. The width and timing of the window pulses are determined by the sizing operation, as described above, and are independent of calibration. During the bar measurement operation, the Q of the flip-flop 162
The output produces a precise bar output pulse 11P, with leading and trailing edges accurately representing the lateral dimensions of the bar 10 without noise effects. Calculator 27 for calibration
When selecting the RTMASK or LFKMSK program, the bar pulse 11P accurately indicates the dimensions of the right or left mask 94,95. The photomultiplier (PM) AGC circuit will be explained. An AGC circuit 109 for the photomultiplier (PM) of the resolution tube 90 is shown in FIG. 12 and forms an important part of the self-balancing measurement loop 107. AGC circuit 10
9 has a comparator 163, an integrator with switch 164,
It has an excitation amplifier 165. Amplifier 165 is controlled by a switch variable control voltage through conductor 110.
The high voltage power supply 111 is excited. This control voltage becomes automatic gain control (AGC) of the resolution tube 90. For this purpose, the PM section high voltage power supply 111 is changed to maintain the anode current in the resolution tube 90 at a constant reference value. The buffered camera signal 11A is supplied to one input of a comparator 163 via a summing resistor 166 and a summing junction 167. Summing junction 167 is diode 16
8 makes the input positive. A comparator reference voltage is provided by power supply 169 and adjusted by potentiometer slider 170 to offset the bar pulses to produce a nominal value for the switch control voltage;
The high voltage power supply 111 is set to a nominal gain generation value. The buffered and offset bar pulses are fed via summing junction 167 to electronic switch 171 of switched integrator 164. The window pulse 8F and the reverse bar pulse 11 are supplied to the AND gate 172 to produce the AGC blanking pulse 8 shown in FIG.
produces G. When a window pulse is present and there is no bar pulse, AGC blanking pulse 8G conducts electronic switch 171 to conduct current to integrating amplifier 173 and charging integrating capacitor 174. When both the window pulse 8F and the bar pulse 11P are present, the electronic switch 171 is opened and the integrator output is at the junction 1.
At 75, the nominal value input to the excitation amplifier 165 is maintained. A summing resistor 176 of excitation amplifier 165 is connected at one end to integrator output junction 175 and at the other end to the input of operational amplifier 177 . Feedback resistor 178 controls the gain of excitation amplifier 165.
Zener diode 179 limits the gain of excitation amplifier 165 to prevent excessive control voltage from being applied to conductor 110 and overdriving high voltage power supply 111 . As mentioned above, when there is no AGC blanking pulse 8G, the buffer camera signal 11A is
The AGC circuit 109 is made conductive and the PM section high voltage power supply 111 is changed. When the AGC blanking pulse 8G exists, the bar signal 11A does not pass, and the PM/
The output of the AGC circuit 109 becomes a constant value determined by charging the capacitor 174 of the integrator 164. The bar size position accumulator will be explained. Bar size position shown in Fig. 4 Accumulator 1
18 is shown in detail in FIG. 13, and the timing diagrams in FIGS. 8 and 11 are also referred to. According to the present invention, in the measurement control device, uncorrected digital bar size data and bar position data supplied to the computer 27 are displayed on the display 1.
15 is generated separately in a similar manner to the uncorrected bar size and position data provided in 15. The control gate 180 of the accumulator 118 has a bar material pulse 11.
P, a clock pulse 8A, a clock reset pulse 8D, and a rapid strobe pulse 8H are supplied and distributed to a bar size accumulator circuit 181 and a bar position accumulator circuit 182. circuit 182
defines the position of the bar centerline within the camera field of view. Both circuits 181 and 182 are clock reset pulse 8
D, and the count is transferred to the storage circuit by strobe pulse 8H after each sweep cycle is completed. Control gate 180 detects the leading and trailing edges of each bar pulse 11P and divides by two the number of clock pulses 8A that occur during the two bar pulses that occur during the upper and lower halves of the sweep cycle. Control gate 180 provides clock pulses to the clock input of 14-bit binary counter 183 of circuit 181 and stores the count of two bar pulses divided by two.
At the end of the first sweep cycle the dimensional pulse counter in counter 183 is set to 14-bit binary latch 184.
data input. Strobe pulse 8H
is previously applied to the latch lock input of latch 184. At the beginning of the second cycle, counter 183 is cleared by clock reset pulse 8D and is ready to receive a new pulse count. Bar edges 82, 83 obtained in the first sweep cycle
Fourteen bit digital data representing the uncorrected bar size between the two is stored in latch 184 during the second sweep cycle. During the second sweep cycle this data is transferred by cable 119 to computer 27;
It is corrected by the computer program CMPNST, which will be described later. At the end of the second sweep cycle, the data in counter 181 is latched by pulse 8H.
4, thus repeating the cycle. The counting of bar dimension pulses is always one sweep cycle,
The count is stored in a latch in accumulator circuit 181. Control gate 180 generates a first bar pulse 11 as shown in waveform 8G of FIG. 8 during the ascending half of the sweep cycle.
P bar pulse edge 185 is detected and pulse edge 18 is detected in the descending half of this sweep cycle.
6 is detected. Control gate 180 is connected to pulse leading edge 1
Define the sweep time between 85 and 186, and set this time to 2.
Divide by to determine the bar center line position sweep time. In addition, control gate 180 divides the series of 12 MHz clock pulses 8A by divider 187 at 160 to produce rod position time reference clock pulses 8A/160. 8A/160 clock pulses are applied to an 8-bit binary counter 188 in rod position accumulator 182 for the duration of the rod centerline position sweep time. The count registered in the counter 188 indicates the centerline position of the bar 10 within the field of view of the camera. This bar center line position is determined completely independently of the dimension measurement values measured by a dimension accumulator or the like. At the end of the first sweep cycle, the centerline position count in counter 188 is transferred to the data input of 8-bit binary latch 188. The previous input in the latch is being sent to the computer by strobe pulse 8H. At the beginning of the second cycle the counter 18
8 is reset by clock pulse 8D,
The bar is ready to receive a new bar centerline position pulse counter. Eight bit data representative of bar centerline position is stored in latch 189 at the beginning of the second sweep cycle. During the second sweep cycle, the 8-bit data is transferred via cable 120 to computer 27 for optical error correction of bar size data in computer program CMPNST, which will be described below.
At the end of the second sweep cycle, the data in counter 188 enters latch 189 by pulse 8H;
Repeat this cycle. Counting of bar centerline position pulses is always done in one sweep cycle and is latched into accumulator 182. The bar position accumulator 182 divides 1/2 of the sweep cycle into 256 parts, and one division is 0.46 mm (0.016 inch). The optical center line of the camera head is 128th
It becomes a fraction. Fraction sum represents a Y-axis sweep of a 4.096 inch Y-axis deflection coil. The usable field of view is approximately 7.62 cm (3 inches). The unused field of view is 2.784 cm (1.096 inches), and the Y-axis deflection coil sweeps beyond the top and bottom edges of the photocathode 91. Explain the calculator. FIG. 14 shows the computer 27 of the electro-optic bar size measurement control device shown as a block diagram in FIG. The computer 27 is a digital device that is programmed to perform various functions to be described later. A commercially available Fortran programmable microcomputer may be used and may be part of the mill control computer system if desired. An example of the calculator 27 is Westinghouse Electric's W-
There is a model that combines the 2500 model with elements that perform various programs as described below. The computer 27 has an input buffer 190, an output buffer 191, a disk storage device 192, a disk switch 190, a core storage device 194 as usual main components, and a data processing unit 1.
95 connects each channel. The operation of computer 27 is sequentially controlled according to offline and online computer programs 196. The program is a computer map 19 shown in Figures 15 and 16.
7, a service program 198, a bar size data program 199, a compensation program 200, a calibration program 201, a recalibration program 202, and a histogram program 204, all of which will be described later. The bar size measuring device calculator 27 is connected to external devices through an input buffer 190, and the buffer 190 has a device for converting input analog and digital signals into digital signals. The input signals supplied to the computer by wires or cables are: Camera electronics 35 via cable 36, hot metal detector 57 via conductor 58, bar temperature 50 via cables 53, 54, conductor 4
3 indicates bar standard dimensions 42; conductor 45 indicates bar composition 44; cable 47 indicates other operating data 46; cable 68 indicates control device 67;
A cable 61 connects to a CRT terminal 60, and a cable 64 connects to a print terminal 63. An output buffer 191 connects the output of the computer 27 to an external device, and has a device for converting the output signal into digital and analog. The output signals are connected to the control device 67 via a cable 66 and to the camera electronics 35 via a cable 37. Although both the cable and the conductor are shown as a single line in the figure, it is usual to use a cable that is a combination of the required number of wires to perform the required function. The CRT terminal 60 has an operation panel that allows an operator to give manual commands to the computer 27. The printing terminal 63 has an operation panel to enable manual operation commands. The computer printout 65 on the terminal 63 includes the changes in bar diameter and the data in the table below. Terminals 60 and 63 can also plot the same data. Operations from the operation panel are performed using the program mnemonics code below. Nemonics is shown below. HS: Histogram for each head MP: Creation of visual field compensation map CL: Perform calibration check with left and right masks. TY: Print map, slope and offset functions, mask values, OF: Enter slope and offset correction rates ZE: Set all maps and correction rates to 0...
Caution... LF: Drift test of the left mask RT: Drift test of the right mask (insert window) TR: Transfer the common gauge to the control SYS section to the disk XT: Output to the monitor; map, slope, offset correction rate, mask value , writes the window value to disk. When the disk switch is on, the disk file is updated - When this task 20 is called to the monitor, files are continuously output from the disk. The disk switch 193 includes a switch 10 and a switch 20. When updating the program or data on the disk, the switch is placed in the "writable" position. The computer program will be explained. The following table shows the programs associated with computer program 196.

【table】

[Table] The Map 197 program is explained. The DISCMAP program is shown in FIG. The program address is on the disk storage device 192. The CORE MAP program is shown in Figure 16. Program address is hex core storage 194. The service program 198 will be explained. IDL HANDLER program; M: IDL program uses IDL hardware (channel 30, 3
2) and the gauge data input subroutine GAGEIN. IDL channel exciter CD: Coupled to IDL hardware via IDL. A dual buffer system is used to increase the overall transfer time rate, starting the IDL transfer of both channels to the second data buffer just before exiting the handler. This allows the gauge software to use service request interrupts (SRI's) as out-of-sequence ranges to the second buffer by the IDL hardware while the gauge software processes data from the first buffer without interruption. data transfer.
Once this processing is complete, the handler re-enters. If the data transfer to the second buffer is not complete,
The task is suspended and the IDL external MACRO routine detects the buffer overflow interrupt. When the second buffer overflows or ends
The IDL external MARCO routine starts the ED:IDL program and the task is released from hold. Once the data transfer of the second buffer is complete or the hold is released by EB:IDL, the buffer is switched and data transfer using the first buffer begins, resulting in an exit from the handler. The gauge software processes the second buffer's data and repeats this sequence. Before starting each IDL transfer, set a watchdog timer with a 0.5 second timeout. If the two buffer overflows do not return within this time, the clock routine releases the task and sets the variable ISTAT=1 to indicate the IDL transport timeout error. This routine sets a variable IBUF to indicate which buffer contains data from the last IDL transport. The variable IRSTRT is initially set to 0 by the calling task, and the routine knows when the first line of input is missed. When IRSTRT=0, two buffer devices operate. Then IRSTRT=
Set to 1 to indicate that two buffer devices are in operation. When an entry is made to the handler when IRSTRT=-1, an abort IDL comment is sent to both IDL channels and all transfers are aborted. This command is normally initiated by the calling task before executing the call exit, and all IDL transports are stopped. This routine is from the IDL Channel Driver CD:
IDL external MACRO routine that calls IDL ED: IDL
Use. These routines therefore need to be linked to the IDL handler M:IDL. IDL Handler, CD: IDL hardware (channel 3) from the handler control block that uses IDL routines to form data into the IDL handler
0,32). In this routine, HCB
Transfer of control is performed by loading the address of B into the B register and jumping to CD:IDL. HCB is a 9-word table with the following format:

[Table] This routine uses the HCB table to perform three functions. The first is the discontinuation code (HCB word 1)
is sent to the I/O (input/output) subsystem. The lower seven bits of this word indicate the channel number to be terminated. Second, a forced buffer input (HCB word 0) is sent to the I/O subsystem.
This command initializes the IDL hardware to the selected channel. Third, a buffer input transfer code is sent to the I/O subsystem to initiate the data transfer. This data is transferred from selected IDL channels to core storage via a service request interrupt (SRI). Pointers and counters used for SRI are set up by this routine using data provided to HCB's. IDL handler, EB: The IDL routine is called by the POS/1 buffer overflow service request interrupt routine in the out-of-sequence command range, and the buffer input data transfer is
It operates in response to a buffer overflow interrupt that occurs upon completion on channels 30,32. Each entry to this routine is an external MACRO
Increment the control block's buffer overflow count word (ECB7). When this count reaches 2, IDL handler M: releases the IDL suspended task. When the count is not 2, POS/
1 buffer overflow exit routine M:
Returns to the BOX, and the status of the pending task does not change.
Therefore, if IDL handler M:IDL requests data from four IDL channels, it clears the buffer overflow count and suspends the task. No pending is done when the IDL external MACRO routine counts 2 and the buffer overflow interrupt is complete. GAGTSK i.e. disk resident task (task 2
0) is an offline task that loads the disk-resident offline gauge subroutine overlay into the core and transfers control to the overlay.
The GAGTSK program calls a core-specific subroutine in response to the supply of mnemonic parameters by means of the worker interaction subroutine call overlay SUBCLL, described below. subroutine
The SUBCLL table lists all programs and mnemonics. GAGTSK transfers the disk-resident common section to the core and writes the updated common section to disk on exit from the task if the disk sector switch 12 allows writing. The offline busy flag IGAGOF is set at the entrance of task 2 and cleared at the exit. SUBCLL, a disk-resident subroutine as an overlay, operates in offline mode and
This allows the operator to interact with the gage off-line device to activate the required off-line bar diameter measurement program. It is transferred from the disk to the core and is activated by the offline gauge task GAGTSK (task 20) using the device motor disk read transfer control routine. The mnemonics entered by the operator define the subroutine disk sector, which sector is returned to when the subroutine becomes GAGTSK, and the GAGTSK
operates with the required subroutine overlay. Subroutine functions are described in the program listing and are available as an aid in response to operator requests. The GAGTRN program is used with gage offline equipment. This transfers the 572 word gauge data block from a given disk area to another area designated by controller 67. Disk-core-disk transfer is performed using the gauge common storage area as an intermediate storage device. Disk switch 10 requires a write enable. The bar measurement data program 202 will be explained. The auxiliary subroutine GAGEIL always accompanies subroutines that require bar measurement data.
This subroutine actually obtains the bar position and diameter data in conjunction with the IDA handle subroutines M:IDL, CD:IDL, and EB:IDL. When further compensation is required, a compensation subroutine (CMPSNT) is executed. This subroutine averages the bar position and diameter good readings, calculates the deviation, and stores the results in a common table. Perform validity tests and set error flags as required. The compensation program 200 will be explained. GAGMAP is a disk-resident subroutine as an overlay that operates in offline mode to create compensation tables for use in online bar diameter gauging tasks and subprograms when these offline gauging programs require compensation dimensional data. . This table resides in a common area and compensates for nonlinearities that occur in shadows across the tube field of view. This table is formatted and becomes the output of the printing machine 63. After running this program, the bar diameter data becomes valid data. It requires operator interaction when called by subroutine SUBCLL. The compensation map has 256 entrances corresponding to 256 bar positions. Element 1 represents a total of 4.096 inches of field base and element 256 represents the field apex. Each element has correction data that is subtracted from the measured bar size based on the location of the top and bottom edges of the bar. Actual modification is performed by subroutine CMPNST. The use of edges 82, 83 and no centerline allows the map to be used with various sizes of bar 10. During the map formation procedure, the sample bar 10, machined to 12.7 mm (1/2 inch), was
Move it back and forth by 47.1mm (±1.5 inches). GAGMAP is performed with an offline calibration device while the bar is moving. This program makes 10,000 measurements and calculates the average deviation in each fraction of rod positions. This intermediate result is stored in a 256-element table and called ISUM. Final compensation based on bar edge 82, 83 position is generated from the ISUM table by the following procedure. 1 Delete the compensation map. 2 Virtual 12.7 for computer simulation
Place the 1/2 inch bar 10 0.406 mm (0.016 inch) above the field center slot 129.
The positions of the top and bottom bar edges 82 and 83 are calculated using the following equation. Top edge 83 = [Field center position + 0.406 + Rod diameter / 2] / 0.406 ... (Formula 1) Bottom edge 82 = [Field center position + 0.406 - Rod diameter / 2] / 0.406 ... (Formula 2) Example = Top edge 83 = (52.018 + 0.406 + 12.7/2) / 0.406 = 144 ... (Formula 3) Bottom edge 82 (52.018 + 0.406 - 12.7/2) / 0.406 = 113 ... (Formula 4) 3 The value stored in the map as the position (144) of the upper edge 83 is the displacement stored in the ISUM table corresponding to the center position (129) of the bar 10 and the lower edge 8
This is the sum of the value stored in the map as position 2 (113). IMAP (upper edge 83) = ISUM (center bar) + IMAP (lower edge) ... (Formula 5) IMAP (144) = ISUM (129) + IMAP (113) ... (Formula 6) 4 Center position of bar 10 Raise it upward and go to step 2.
Repeat step 3. 0.812mm sequentially upward from the center of the field of view
(0.032 inch), 1.218mm (0.048 inch), 1.624
mm (0.064 inch) etc. Repeat this to move the upper edge of the bar 10 +47.1mm (+47.1mm) above the center of field of view.
1.5 inches). IMAP (145) = ISUM (130) + IMAP (114) IMAP (146) = ISUM (131) + IMAP (145) IMAP (147) = ISUM (132) + IMAP (146) 〓 IMAP (220) = ISUM ( 205) + IMAP (189) IMAP (221) = ISUM (206) + IMAP (190) The upper half of the map will be complete. 5 Draw the lower half of the map using the same procedure as above. The bar 10, which is a machined sample having the same diameter of 12.7 mm (1/2 inch), is placed at the center of the visual field (128), and the upper and lower edges 83 and 82 are determined in the same manner. Upper edge 83 = [center of field of view + rod dimension / 2] / 0.406 (formula 7) Lower edge 82 = [center of field of view - rod dimension / 2] / 0.406 (formula 8) upper edge 83 = [52.018 + 12.7 / 2] 0.406=143 (Formula 9) Lower edge 82 = [52.018-12.7/2]/0.406=112 (Formula 10) 6 The map value (122) of the bar lower edge 82 is stored in ISUM as the bar center position (128). This is the sum of the value stored in the map as the position (143) of the upper edge 83. IMAP (lower edge 82) = ISUM (bar center) + IMAP (upper edge 83) ... (Formula 11) IMAP (112) = ISUM (128) + IMAP (143) (Formula 12) 7 Position of bar 10 0.406mm from center of field of view
(0.016 inch), and the position of the lower edge 82 of the bar is -47.1 mm (1.5 inch) from the center of the visual field. IMAP (111) = ISUM (127) + IMAP (142) IMAP (110) = ISUM (126) + IMAP (141) IMAP (109) = ISUM (125) + IMAP (140) 〓 IMAP (36) = ISUM ( 52) + IMAP (67) IMAP (35) = ISUM (51) + IMAP (66) Thus, the lower half of the map is complete. 8 Do not use above map position 221 or below 35. These positions correspond to unused positions outside the field of view of the photocathode shown in FIG. 5. Map elements 111 to 143 are 0. This position corresponds to ±6.35 mm (0.25 inch) from the center of the field of view. 10 The map corresponding to the camera head 31 is stored in the common data area storage device _FCOMP1 . CONDAT is a program that operates on the gauge offline system. This purpose is used by the operator to introduce slope and offset corrections to the camera. This variable is as follows. IMULT ₁ : Slope correction rate of camera head 31 IOFST ₁ : Offset correction rate of camera head 31 Slope correction is added to all bars in the field of view compensation subroutine CMPNST based on the following formula. Dimension = (12.7 mm - bar size) IMULT ₁ Offset correction is added to all bars in the field of view compensation subroutine CMPNST based on the following formula: Dimensions = Bar dimensions - IOFST ₁ ZERO is a program that operates on an offline gauge system. The objective is to set the compensation map, all slope and offset correction rates to zero,
Let the right mask calibration be constant. MAPRNT is another program that works with offline gauge systems. This requires no operator interaction. The purpose is to print the visual field compensation map, slope and offset correction factors, and left and right mask values. The GATPC program calculates the high temperature target dimensions based on the internally stored compensation formula. This formula is 3
Requires a seed variable. First, carbon components are obtained from IGRADE in the common area BDCCOM. Second, obtain the temperature of the target material from ITMPZZ of the common area SYSCOM. Third, obtain the low temperature target dimensions from ICDAIM in the common area BDCCOM. The calculated high temperature target dimensions are stored in a predetermined area of the common storage device BDCCOM. CMPNST is an auxiliary subroutine that accompanies each subroutine that requires gauge diameter data compensation. In particular, this subroutine linearizes the bar measurement data for the bar position in the field of view, corrects the measurement data by slope and offset data to subroutine CORDAT, and performs automatic calibration with the right-hand mask data generated by subroutine GAGRCC. I do. The data of the bar 10 from the camera head 31 is
The compensation map FCOMP ₁ produced by the offline program GAGMAP is used for linearization by the CMPNST subroutine. The compensation procedure is as follows. 1. Locate the upper and lower edges 83, 82 of the bar 10 on the compensation map using the bar size and position data from the accumulator 118. Upper edge 83 position = (rod center position + rod dimension / 2) / 0.406 Lower edge 82 position = (rod center position - rod dimension / 2) / 0.406 The center of a straight 25.4 mm (1 inch) rod is 19.05
mm (3/4 inch) above the center of the field of view,
The center position of the rod is: 52.018 mm (2.048 inches) + 19.05 mm (0.75 inches) = 71.07 mm (2.798 inches) The positions of the upper and lower edges of the rod are as described above. Upper edge 83 = (71.07) 25.4/2) / 0.406 = 2.03 (Formula 13) Lower edge 82 = (71.07 - 25.4/2) / 0.406 = 140 (Formula 14) 2 Equivalent to upper and lower edges 83 and 82 The compensation values are obtained from the map and are assumed to be ICOR ₁ and ICOR ₂ , respectively. ICOR ₁ = IMAP (upper edge 83 position) (Formula 15) ICOR ₂ = IMAP (lower edge 82 position) (Formula 16) 3 Correction when both upper and lower edges 83 and 82 are above the center of the visual field: Correction rod Position = Uncorrected dimension - ICOR ₁ + ICOR ₂ (Formula 17) 4 When the upper and lower edges 83 and 82 are both above and below the center of the field of view, the correction bar position = Uncorrected dimension + ICOR ₁ - ICOR ₂ (Formula 18) 5 Top Correction when the edge 83 is above the center of the visual field and the lower edge 82 is below is as follows: correction rod position=uncorrected dimension−ICOR ₁ −ICOR ₂ (Equation 19) The calibration program 201 will be explained. CALIBR is a program that works with offline gauging systems. This operation requires no operator interaction. The purpose of this program is to define a performance log for the gauges on the printing machine 63, and performs the following functions. 1. Deflect to the left and right masks 95, 94, and a. Measure and print the dimensions of each mask. b Calculate and print the deviation from the stored mask value, c Measure and print the + slope value, d Measure and print the - slope value, e Print the window used for each mask. 2 Measure and print the analog test dimensions and positive and negative slope values. 3 Measure and print the digital test. 4 Print the calibration update values used for recalibration. The recalibration program 202 will be explained. The RTMASK program is a disk-resident subroutine in the overlay and operates in offline mode. This program performs the following bar diameter gauge functions: 1. Change the right deflection electron window gate in accordance with changes in the parameters of the resolution tube 90. 2. Update the right deflection diameter reference value stored in the common table to compensate for drift and component aging. 3. If no change is desired, this program is run periodically and the deviations are printed by the printing machine 63 to check for drifts due to electronic and thermal reasons. To return to steady-state operation from this subroutine, the tube 90 is swept back to center, the all-electronic window gate is activated, and the current through the backlit lamp is reversed to extend lamp life. The main purpose of this program is as a long-term drift inspection device; other uses include updating window gates and reference table values. This program is called by subroutine SUBCLL and requires operator action. GAGRCL is a program that operates in an online system and does not require operator interaction.
The purpose is to periodically automatically recalibrate the bar diameter gauge and update the drift correction term ITMP ₁ described above.
The program deflects the camera sweep to scan the right mask, measures the deviation from the initial calibration preparation, and corrects for the drift term. At the end of the program, move the sweep to the center, create a normal window, and invert the light source. The automatic recalibration program maintains gauge accuracy by checking the calibration values when the bar 10 is not in view. This recalibration program is activated before the bar 10 leaves the field of view and before the next bar arrives. This condition is determined by a signal from hot metal detection electronics 57. To this end, software is used to calculate a scale factor based on the difference between an online measurement of a known internal standard, such as right mask 94, and an offline measurement of the same internal standard made during system calibration. After recalibration, the next bar measurement within the gauge field of view is corrected using the scale factor described above. The eye for recalibration measurement is the photocathode 91 with a front mask of the resolution tube 90. The mask pattern is number 5
As shown in the figure. The photocathode 91 has a 2.54 mm (0.1
5 with a width of 2.54 mm (0.1 inch)
Forms a mask of the book, with one 6.35mm piece on the right side.
(0.25 inch) wide mask in the center. The structure and operation of the resolution tube 90 and the photocathode 91 are explained in the fourth section.
Figures 5 and 6 were detailed above. The "C" scan, "R" scan, and "L" scan positions are determined by the X-axis bias. The right mask camera signal and the bar mask camera signal are the same. Measuring the right mask at time T ₁ is the same as measuring the bar at time T ₂ when no electronic adjustments are made. If there is a deviation, it is presumed to be electronic drift. The recalibration system uses only the right mask 94 to calculate the correction factor. The five left masks are used for linearity checks in the offline calibration system. The right mask is measured for camera head 31 calibration and the right mask program "RT" of the off-line calibration system is run and stored on disk. The variable is stored in the core's common data area MSKCOM under the name IMASK ₁ . When the control system is activated, data is transferred from the disk to the core common area MSKCOM. Off-line measurement of right mask 94 is GAGRCL
Depends on the task. After the high temperature metal detector 55 detects that the rear end of the bar 10 has passed the gauge, the image of the resolution tube is deflected to the right by the GAG-RCL program and the mask 94 is measured. The difference between the measured value of camera 1 and IMASK ₁ is displayed in the common data area.
Store variable ITMP ₁ in TMPOFF. This value represents the change in gauge readings from the first online calibration. The online modification function is performed using subroutine CMPNST using ITMP ₁ . Slope correction corrects each measured value using the following formula. Corrected rod size = rod size (rod size x ITMP ₁ /12.7) (Formula 20) If ITMP ¹ = 0.01524mm (0.0006 inch), corrected rod size (diameter 12.7mm) = 12.7 - 12.7 x 0. 01524/12.7=12.6847 (Formula 2
1) Correction rod size (25.4mm) = 25.4-25.4 x 0.0152
4/12.7 = 25.3694 (Formula 22) Corrected rod size (38.1mm) = 38.1-38.1×0.0152
4/12.7 = 38.0451 (Equation 23) The amount of correction for a bar with a diameter of 12.7 mm is equal to the value of ITMP ₁ . Similarly, the amount of correction for bars that are 2 times or 3 times larger than 12.7 mm will be 2 times or 3 times the value of ITMP ₁ . The reason for this is that the reduction ratio of the lens 86 is 1/2.
The 12.7 mm diameter bar casts a 6.35 mm (0.25 inch) shadow onto the photocathode, approximately equal to the width of the right mask 94. The LFTMSK program is a disk-resident subroutine as an overlay and operates in offline mode to perform the following bar diameter gauging functions: 1 This is a left deflection electronic window gate function, which is used to select the five left deflection bar standards of the left mask 95, and is changed in accordance with changes in the parameters of the resolution tube 90. 2 Left deflection diameter reference function, stored in a common table and updated to compensate for drift, aging of parts. 3. If no change is desired, the program is run periodically and the deviation is printed by the printing machine 63 for each of the five left deflection standards to know the electronic temperature drift. The maximum cycle time is 3200 seconds. Once this subretinum is complete, the tube 90 is swept back to center and the electronic window gate is activated, reversing the current through the backlighting lamp to extend lamp life. The purpose of this program is to be a visual field and electronic drift checker, among other functions, to update window gates and reference table values. It is activated by the broutine SUBCLL and requires operator action. The histogram program 204 will be explained. GAGHST is a program that operates on an offline gauging system and requires operator interaction. The purpose of this is to collect a number of readings from camera head 31, store them in table IBDGI ₂ of core 194, and divide them into 0.0051 mm (0.0002 inch) fractions within a range of ±0.127 mm (±0.005 inch) as shown in FIG. The histogram table of the camera head 31 is printed. Additionally, calculate the mean and standard deviation of all readings. The operator obtains the required number of readings for the required bar target size and requires the use of a histogram table by controller 67 as shown in FIG. 19. Two-dimensional and profile measurement control will be described. FIG. 1A shows a computerized electro-optical device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, for controlling two dimension and profile measurements in different directions, and installed in a scanning device of a steel hot rolling mill. Use a backlit camera. This embodiment is substantially similar to FIG. 1, but includes two sets of measurement camera devices and a scanning device. The second camera electronic device 39 is almost the same as the camera electronic device 35 shown in FIGS. 4 to 13, but the equipment, circuits, waveforms, timing diagrams, computer programs, etc. used in the second camera electronic device are (') Distinguish by adding . This measurement control device measures the orthogonal diametrical dimension and profile of the bar 10 near the exit of the roll stand 11, and the scanning device can be stopped and scans the outer surface of the bar 10 at a predetermined angular velocity. You can also do it. As described below, the two diameter signals and the scanner position signal are fed into a computer to plot the lateral profile of the bar 10. The bar profile data is displayed, recorded, and transmitted to the rolling mill controller, and the rolling mill controller uses this data to control the dimensions and shape of the bar, including: (a) setting the lateral spacing of the roll stands 11; (b) Setting the vertical alignment of the rolls on the roll stand 11; (c) Setting the roll spacing on the stand in front of the stand 11. Reversible scanning mechanism 1 of dual head scanning device 12
It is driven by the motor 14 of No. 3. motor 14
is energized by variable speed controller 16 via cable 15. Two-mode selector switch 17 controls controller 16 via cable 18 to provide manual autoscan operation. The equipment operator or computer performs manual and automatic control. In the manual control mode, manual speed control, starting, stopping, and scanner direction control are performed by controller 19, and control signals are transmitted to controller 16 via cable 20. In the automatic control mode, the manual control signal source is shut off, and the scan controller 16 receives the required signals from a computer as described below. A scanner position encoder 21 is coupled to the scanning mechanism 13 to generate an analog signal representative of the absolute position of the scanner rotation. This encoder signal is provided via cable 22 to scanner position electronics 23 for conversion into analog and digital scanner position signals. The analog scanner position signal is transmitted via cable 24 to a scanner position indicator 25 for visual control by the operator when manually controlling the scanning position. The digital scanner position signals are supplied via cable 26 to computer 27' and are combined with computer command signals in automatically controlling scanning device 12. calculator 27'
provides start/stop signals and speed control signals as described below. These signals are connected to cables 28, 29
is supplied to the scanner controller 16 via. During the automatic control mode, the digital scanner position signal is used as described below for bar profile determination operations. The first and second backlit electronic camera heads 31 and 32 are attached to the scanning mechanism 13 of the dual head scanning device 12 so as to be perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the bar 10, and scan the outer periphery of the bar 10 at a predetermined angular velocity. Bar material 10
Scanning device 1 for scanning the profile plot of
2 by 90° as shown in Figures 1A and 2. This provides sufficient camera signal to plot the 180° lateral profile of bar 10. The 180° flow plot is extremely useful to rolling operators and mill control computers and will be discussed in more detail below. Under other scanning requirements for bar sizing, the scanning angle may be other than 90° rotation. For example, by attaching the light source 30 and camera head 31 shown in FIG. 1 to a scanning device and rotating the scanning mechanism using a one-dimensional measurement system, profile plots of other types of bars 10 can be obtained. The first light source box 30 is connected to the first electronic camera head 3.
When the bar 10 blocks the light from the light source box 30, the shadow of the bar having a width proportional to the diameter of the bar becomes an image of the first electronic camera head 31. Similarly, when the second light source box 32 is opposed to the second electronic camera head 33 and the bar 10 blocks the light from the light source box 32, the diameter of the bar at a second lateral position perpendicular to the first direction is The shadow of the bar with a proportional width forms the image of the second electronic camera head 33.
The description of FIG. 4 regarding the first camera head 31 also applies to the second camera head 32. Each light box 30, 32 generates light in a direction perpendicular to the bar 10 that is greater than the largest dimension of the bar 10 to be measured within the field of view of the camera. For example, the camera field of view below is 7.62 cm (3 inches) and the optical path diameter from the sometimes combined light source is 10.16 cm (4 inches). Further, the wavelength and intensity of the light from the light source boxes 30 and 32 are set to values that are adapted to the sensitivity characteristics of the electronic camera heads 31 and 33. As a standard, blue light from a DC ignited fluorescent light source is preferred for use in the electronic camera head described above. The first shadow of the bar 10 and the light passing through both sides of the bar 10 are from the first light source box 30 to the first electronic camera head 3.
1 to generate a first camera signal. This signal is a noise-mixed signal of the unmodified camera pulse and is supplied via conductor 34 to first camera electronics 35 . As explained in Figure 4,
The camera signal is processed to remove noise and generate digital bar size and bar position signals which are supplied via cable 36 to computer 27'. Signals such as measurement commands are supplied from the computer 27' to the first camera electronics 35 via a cable 37. Similarly, the second shadow of bar 10 and the light passing through both sides of bar 10 are directed from second light source box 32 to second electronic camera head 33 to generate a second camera signal. This signal is also a mixture of unmodified camera pulses and noise and is supplied via conductor 38 to second camera electronics 39. The second camera signal is processed to remove noise and form a digital bar size and position signal similar to the first camera signal, which is provided via cable 41 to computer 27'. Signals such as measurement commands are supplied from the computer 27' to the second camera electronics 39 via the cable 40. The computer 27' of the electro-optical bar measurement control system of FIG. 1A is supplied with a target dimension digital signal from a manual selector 42 via a cable 43. The target size signal is, for example, 4.445 cm (1.7500 inches), and is used for changing the profile of the bar 10, etc., as will be described later. Furthermore, the calculator 27' is supplied with a digital signal of the composition of the rod 10 from a manual selector 44 via a cable 45. The composition signal indicates the carbon content of the bar 10, for example, 0.230%, and is used for purposes such as calculating the target dimension of the high temperature bar from the target dimension of the low temperature bar.
In addition, the calculator 27' is supplied with other operating data signals, such as date, time, dimensional tolerances, etc., from the selector 46 via the cable 47. target dimension signal,
Composition signals and other operating data signals may also be obtained from the bar mill's own control. In order to provide temperature correction when measuring the diameter of the hot rod 10 moving at high speed, an optical pyrometer head 48, manufactured by Rand Corporation, for example, is mounted in close proximity to the scanning device 12 to measure the temperature of the hot rod 10. Optical pyrometer head 48 generates a high response temperature signal which is supplied via cable 49 to pyrometer electronics 50, such as from Rand Corporation. The uncorrected temperature signal is corrected by the calibration and linearization circuitry of the pyrometer electronics 50. The modified temperature signal, e.g. 910℃ (1670〓), is connected to cable 5.
1 to the digital display 52 and also to the computer 27' via the cable 53.
Correct for thermal expansion of 0. Using a RAND optical pyrometer head 48 and pyrometer electronics 50, the corrected temperature signal can be transferred to the computer 2.
7' and display 52 with the required accuracy and response speed, no problems arise. Known devices such as the optical field scanning pyrometer system described in the first embodiment may also be used if the combinatorial problems can be solved. Another feature of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A is an automatic recalibration system. As described below, this system is activated when it is detected that the rear end of the bar 10 has left the rolling roll 11. To this end, hot bar detector 55 detects the presence or absence of bar 10 and provides a corresponding signal via conductor 56 to hot metal detection electronics 57 . The bar absent signal is provided via cable 58 to computer 27' to activate the automatic recalibration system. All scanning position signals, first and second camera signals,
Target dimension signals, composition signals, and other operation data signals are transmitted through the respective cables 26, 36, 41, 43, 4.
5, 47, 53, and 58 to the computer 27', and the computer 27' combines these signals to perform various functions under the control of a group of computer online and offline programs to be described later. For example, scanner start and stop signals are provided on cable 28, and scanner speed control signals are provided on cable 29, both controlled by the automatic scan mode control program. Among other functions, bar diameter data, bar profile deviation data from tolerance standards, and operating header data are supplied from the computer 27' via cable 59 to CRT terminal 60, and via cable 61 to CRT terminal 60's control panel. and the computer 27'. Other functions of the calculator 27' include bar diameter data, bar profile deviation data from tolerance standards, and operating header data from the cable 62.
The signal is supplied to the printing terminal 63 via the cable 64, and interaction between the operation panel of the terminal 63 and the computer 27' is performed via the cable 64. The printing terminal 63 performs printing as shown in FIG. A further function of the calculator 27' is to supply profile data of the bar 10 and the measuring device histogram via a cable 66 to a control device 67;
sends a feedback signal to the computer 27'. FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the bar 10. The dotted circles 69 and 70 indicate the maximum and minimum tolerance ranges for the target diameter. Dotted straight lines or planes A-A, B-B,
C-C and D-D are of particular interest to the mill operator and control computer and are necessary for determining the rolling spacing and alignment of mill 11 shown in FIG. 11A. During non-scanning operations, scanning device 12 is stopped and first camera head 31 and second camera head 33 measure diameters on planes C--C and A--A. Bar material 10
The A-A plane diameter 71 is 4450 cm in the example shown.
(1.7520 inch), and the diameter 72 of the C-C plane is 4.442 cm (1.7490 inch) in the illustrated example, and the target dimension is 4.445 cm (1.7500 inch). In bar scanning operation, the second camera head 3
3 starts profile plot scanning 73 from plane B--B, rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, passes plane C--C, and stops at plane D--D. At the same time, the first camera head 31 starts scanning in the plane D-D and moves counterclockwise by 90 degrees.
It rotates through the plane A-A and stops at the plane B-B. As a result, the first and second camera heads 31, 3
3 scans the 180° outer peripheral surface of the bar 10, and this scanning plots from plane B-B through CC, D-D, A-A and back to B-B. Other scanning methods are also possible. For example, let the scanning rotation direction be clockwise. Starting the scanning device 12 from another plane or point
Scan 90 degrees and return to the initial position. camera 31,3
By simply rotating 3 by 90 degrees, it is possible to scan the outer surface of the bar by 180 degrees. The profile plot of the bar 10 is corrected to low temperature dimensions to form a computer print 65 shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a bar profile 74 with specific dimensions and specific manufacturing tolerances. The format generated by the computer includes an operating data header, the deviation between the cold target dimension selected by target dimension selector 42 in FIG. 1A and the actual cold correction profile on the vertical axis, and the horizontal axis as shown in FIG. shown. The scale of the vertical axis is 0.254 mm (0.0010 inch), and the target dimension
4.445 cm (1.750 inch) line 75 above and below,
It extends above and below the maximum and minimum tolerance reference lines 76 and 77. Tolerance lines 76 and 77 are shown as dotted lines. Furthermore, the reference lines 78 and 79 of 1/2 of the maximum and minimum tolerance are shown as a series of scale values every 15 degrees on the 180 degree scale of the 180 degree bar profile plot. Surfaces B, C, D, A, and B of the cross section shown in FIG. 2 are printed at 0° and each 45° position, and 15° and 30° are shown as relative positions to the surface A and C positions. The display on the CRT terminal 60 is almost the same as the computer print 65, but the following points are different. In addition to the bar profile deviation plot calculator format, the calculator 27' also plots the dotted scanning planes A-A, B-B, C- in FIG.
C, D-D display format and diameter A- in Figure 2
The actual numerical values of A and C-C are displayed. Second, the maximum and minimum tolerances are not displayed because 1/2 of the tolerance is the goal of the equipment. Therefore, the CRT terminal 60 provides bar diameter, profile, and scan plane information, which is extremely useful to measuring equipment operators and rolling mill operators. The electronic camera head will be explained. A backlit electronic camera head used in the bar measuring device of FIG. 1A is shown in FIG. 4, and the camera head 31 is located on the optical axis on the opposite side of the bar 10 from the light source box 30. The same holds true for the relationship between the camera head 33 and the light source box 32. According to the user's installation requirements, the first and second electronic cameras are equipped with a telecentric lens 85', a resolution tube 90', and a photocathode calibration mask 9.
4', 95', a collection and deflection coil arrangement 93', with another shield, and similar to that described above with respect to FIG. The camera electronic device will be explained. The camera electronics used in the present invention is shown as camera electronics 35 in FIG. The second camera electronics 39 is similar to the first camera electronics 35, only the bidirectional sweep generator 97 is
5 and 39. The camera electronics have been described above. The first and second camera electronics generate first and second digital bar size pulses and bar center position pulses in response to the uncorrected camera signals, respectively, and are connected by leads 36, 41 to the calculator 27'. 4
Send under the control of the signal from 0. The computer correction of each bar pulse is described next. Explain about the calculator. The computer 27' of FIG. 1A is shown as a block diagram in FIG. 14A. Calculator 27' is a digital system and has all the functions of computer 27 previously described with reference to FIG. 14, as well as various functions described below. As previously mentioned, commercially available programmable mini-calculators can be used and can be part of the rolling mill control computer system. An example of the calculator 27' is the Westinghouse Electric Co. model W-2500, which, compared to the calculator 27 described above, has a second rod size pulse and correction function, a scan position control and profile plot function, and It is necessary to add it to suit the various tasks listed below. The computer 27' has the following main components:
Input buffer 190', output buffer 191', disk storage device 192', disk switch 19
3', a core storage device 194', and is coupled by various channels to a data processing unit 195'.
Operation of computer 27' is provided by off-line and on-line computer programs 196'. This program is as follows. 15th, 16th A, 1
6B, a computer map 197', a service program 198', a bar gauge data program 199', a compensation program 200', a calibration program 201', a recalibration program 202', a profile and position program 203, and a histogram program 204'; This will be explained later. In order to connect the computer 27' to an external signal source, the input buffer 190' has means for converting an input analog or digital signal into a digital signal. The input signals of the computer are as follows. First camera electronics 35 by cable 36, second camera electronics 39 by cable 41, mechanical scanner position 23 by lead 26, hot metal detector 57 by lead 58, cable 53, 54 indicates the bar temperature 50, and the conductor 43 indicates the bar target dimension 4.
2. Bar material composition 44, cable 4 by conducting wire 45
7 by other operating data 46 , by cable 68 the control device 67 , by cable 61
A printing terminal 63 is connected to a CRT terminal 60 and a cable 64. The output buffer 191' for supplying signals from the computer 27' to the outside has means for converting the output signals into digital or analog signals. The output signal from the computer 27' is as follows. Scanner start/stop signal via cable 28; scanner speed signal via cable 29 to scan controller 16; cable 66 to controller 67; cable 37 to first camera electronics 35; cable 40 to second camera electronics. Supplied to device 39. Although the conductive wire and cable are shown as a single line in the drawings, it is usual for the cable to be a combination of a plurality of required conductive wires. The CRT terminal 60 has an operation panel through which an operator interacts with the computer 27'. The printing terminal 63 has an operation panel for the operator and performs interaction with the computer 27'. Print terminal 63
The computer printout 65 includes a plot of the bar profile deviation shown in FIG. 3 and the following numerical table. Terminals 60 and 63 may plot the same data. Requests from the operation panel are made using the program mnemonics shown below. Gauge offline system mnemonics are as follows: HS: Histogram for each head MP: Creation of visual field compensation map PR: Creation of profile table by rotating the scanning device by 90° PL: Plot of profile table RP: Creation of profile table for right side mask data CL: Perform calibration check on left and right masks. TY: Print the mask slope and offset rate, mask value SC: Rotate the scanning device by the required angle OF: Enter the slope and offset correction rate. ZE: Erase all maps and correction rates (caution) LF: Drift test with left mask RT: Drift test with right mask, add window. TR: Transfer cages common to control system area to disk XT: Output to monitor, map in common area,
Write slope and offset correction rates, mask values, and window values to disk. Disk files can only be updated when the disk switch is in the upper position.
When this task 20 is called by the monitor, it reads the file from the disk. Disk switch 193' has "switch 1"
It has the switches described in the program below as "0" and "switch 12." In order to update the program or data on the disk, it is necessary to set the switch to a writable position. The computer program will be explained. The following table is Computer program 196' shown in the figure
Shows each individual and group of programs combined.

【table】

[Table] The interface map 197' with the control device will be explained. The DISC MAP program is shown in Figure 15. The program addresses in disk storage 192' are expanded to accommodate the additional operating characteristics described above. The CORE MAP program is shown in Figures 16A and 16B. The program addresses in hex core storage 194' are expanded to accommodate the additional operating characteristics described above. The service program 198' will be explained. The ILD HANDLER program has M:IDL,
CD: IDL, EB: Has IDL subroutines,
The GAGTSK.SUBCLL and GAGTRN routines are similar to those described above with respect to FIG. 14, but expanded to handle the additional operating characteristics shown in FIG. 14A. The bar size data program 199' will be explained. GAGEIN is an auxiliary subroutine similar to that previously described and expands to accommodate bar size data from the second camera electronics 39. The compensation program 200' will be explained. GAGMAT.CORDAT, ZERO, MAPRNT.
The GAGTPC and CMPNST programs are similar to those described above, but are expanded to accommodate bar size data and modification requests from the second camera electronics 39, respectively. The calibration program 201' will be explained. CALIBR is an off-line program similar to that previously described and expands to accommodate bar size data from the second camera electronics 39. The recalibration program 202' will be explained. The RTMASK.GAGRCL, LFTMSK subroutines are similar to those described above but expanded to accommodate bar size data and automatic recalibration requests from the second camera electronics 39. The profile and location program 203 will be explained. ENCNGL is a new auxiliary subroutine that accompanies all subroutines that require the angular position of the rod diameter measuring head. This subroutine reads the position encoder electronics 23, checks for validity, stores the binary and decimal values of the position in a common area, and sets a malfunction flag in the event of an encoder failure. GAGPOS is a subroutine that resides on disk as an overlay, operates in an offline system, and requires operator interaction. This is called by the subroutine SUBCLL via the nemonic SC. The purpose of this subroutine is to
A control panel input of 0.63 drives the scanning device 12 to an angular position. The following is an overview of this program. 1. When the target angle is more than 10 degrees away from the scan position, full speed voltage is supplied to the scan motor controller 16 via the cable 29 to drive it to the target angle. If it is less than 10°, go to step 3. 2 Continue at full speed until the scanning device is within 10° of the target. 3. If the angle is within 10 degrees of the target angle, the output from the controller 16 is reduced to half speed voltage. 4 If the angle is within 0.3° of the target angle, supply o volts to the controller 16 and end the program. The operator must input the target angle using the operation panel. PROFIL is a new program that works with dimensional offline systems. Requires operator action. The purpose is to have the camera scan a complete 90° cycle to create the profile table shown in Figure 18, showing the deviations for each 2°. This program is supposed to plot the data, and the RLOT routine PL running in the offline system does this work. There are various possibilities of malfunction as follows. 1 Scan motor failure: motor does not start or end of scan cycle (0° or 90°) does not reach motor. 2 Encoder failure: Ready bits are not generated from the encoder. 3 ILD failure: ILD transfer timeout occurs. RTPROF is a new program that works on offline systems. The camera is perfect for this purpose.
Both cameras are deflected to the right mask while scanning a 90° cycle, creating a profile table with a deviation of 2° each. This program is supposed to plot the data, and the PLOT routine PL, which runs on an offline system, does the plotting. This program deflects each electronic scan to the "R" scan of the right mask 94 shown in FIG. 5 and back to the center "C" scan after this scan is complete. PLOT is a new program that works with an offline gauge system and requires no operator interaction. The purpose of this program is to core 194'
The purpose is to plot the data contained in the profile table _IBDGT1 stored in the profile table IBDGT1. The vertical axis is set 10 columns above and 10 columns below the axis. The scale has a minimum float of 0.0051 mm (0.0002 inch). The deviation is plotted along the vertical axis and the angular position of the scanning device in 4 degree increments is plotted on the horizontal axis. Blank or out-of-range data points are indicated by a "#". GAGPLT is a new online program, and the 90
Device profile table IBDGT ₁ in common area
Take it out from MASGAG and compress it into a 60 element table. The horizontal axis of each table is a 3° division. This program scans the profile table and determines the vertical axis scale range according to the maximum and minimum values of the profile table. The vertical axis unit scale shall be 0.0254 mm (0.001 inch) or 0.0508 mm (0.002 inch). Next, the target dimension tolerance line is connected to the CRT and the printed terminal 60,
Write to 63. Next, this program calculates the vertical axis deviation every 3 degrees, and
Write the calculated position in 3 with “*”. lastly
Call the HEADER program and end the program. A bar profile using the GAGPLT program is shown in FIG. 3 as printed from the printing terminal 63. HEADER is also a new online program that allows you to determine bar low temperature target dimensions, carbon content and temperature.
Write to CRT60. Next, write the date, time, maximum tolerance, minimum tolerance, and roundness tolerance to the CRT60. Then scan profile table IBDGT ₁ ,
Calculate the dimensional tolerance upper and lower limits of roundness for each tolerance limit, print these values in FIG. 3, and finish. GAGPRO is a new program that works with the Gauge Online System. No operator action is required. The purpose of this program is to scan the camera heads 31, 33 for a complete 90° cycle and create a profile table showing the deviation in each 2° fraction.
Create IBDGT ₁ and store it in the core 194. There are no lines in the data plot. The histogram program 204' will be explained. GAGHST is a new program that works with online and offline gauging systems. It is actually a variation of the program 204 described above and requires operator action. The purpose of this program is to set the camera heads 31 and 33 to plane A-A in FIG.
Collect a number of readings from each camera head 31, 33 when in the C-C or desired position, store these readings in tables IBGDT ₂ , IBGDT ₃ of core 194', and calculate the histogram of each camera head 31, 33 by ±0.127 mm. (±0.005 inch) range
Printing was performed in 0.0051 mm (0.0002 inch) fractions, an example of which is shown in FIG. Additionally, this program prints the average and standard deviation for each camera head 31,33. The operator enters the required number of readings, target bar dimensions,
A request to use each histogram table IBGDT ₂ , IBGDT ₃ and profile table IBGDT ₁ must be entered by the control device 67 as shown in FIG.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electro-optical measuring device for measuring rolled bar dimensions according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a block diagram of a bar profile measuring device according to the second embodiment, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional diagram of a bar with tolerances and measurement directions, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the scanning angle and bar profile measured by the apparatus of Figure 1A. Computer printout showing examples of material dimensions;
4 is a block diagram of the camera electronics of the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 1A, FIG. 5 is a diagram of the photocathode of the resolution tube of the device shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the bidirectional sweep generator of the device shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of pulses generated by various parts of the camera electronic device of FIG. 4, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line. is a block diagram of the camera pulse processor of the device shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the automatic correlation device of the processor of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of signals of various parts of the processor of FIG. Figure 12 is a circuit diagram of the PMAGC circuit of the device in Figure 4;
The figure shows a block diagram of the bar dimensions and position accumulator of the apparatus shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 14 shows a block diagram of the computer of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 and the computer program, and Fig. 14A shows the apparatus of Fig. 1A. Figure 15 is a diagram showing the computer block diagram and computer program, Figure 15 is a diagram of the computer disk map, and Figure 16 is the computer program.
Diagram of the core map of the computer shown in Figure 16A and Figure 1
Figure 6B is a core map of the computer in Figure 1A, Figure 17 is a histogram table, Figure 18 is a profile table using the device in Figure 1A, and Figure 19 is the computer and control in Figure 1A. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the device. 10...Bar material, 11...Roll stand, 12
...scanning device, 13...scanning mechanism, 16...scanning controller, 17...automatic manual selection switch, 19...
...Manual speed controller, 21...Scanning position encoder, 23...Scanning position electronic device, 25...Display meter, 27, 27'...Computer, 30, 32...Light source box, 31, 33...Electronic camera head ,35,
39... Camera head electronics, 42... Target dimension selector, 44... Composition selector, 46... Operation data, 48, 55... Pyrometer, 50... Pyrometer electronics, 55... High temperature metal detector, 57...
High temperature metal detector electronic device, 60...CRT terminal,
63... Printing terminal, 65... Printing, 67... Control device, 69, 71... Tolerance range, 74... Bar profile, 75... Target dimension, 76, 77... Tolerance, 78, 79... 1/2 of tolerance, 85...Telecentric lens system, 89...Filter, 90
...Resolution (ID) tube, 91...Photocathode, 94,
95... Calibration mask, 97... Sweep generator, 98
...Master clock, 100 ...Window oscillator, 1
02...Y coil exciter, 103...Focal coil power supply, 104...X coil exciter, 107...Self-balancing measurement loop, 108...Camera pulse processor, 109...PM/AGC circuit, 111, 11
2... Resolution tube high voltage power supply, 113... Display timing circuit, 115... Uncorrected dimension display, 117...
...Correction dimension display, 118...Bar stock size position accumulator, 121...Computer data transfer logic circuit, 143...Auto correlator, 144...Bar stock pulse start circuit, 145...Bar stock pulse end circuit, 1
63...Comparator, 164...Integrator with switch,
165... Excitation amplifier, 170... Potentiometer, 171... Electronic switch, 181... Dimensional accumulator, 182... Position accumulator, 190... Input buffer, 191... Output buffer, 192... Disk, 193... Disk switch, 194...Core, 195...Data processing unit, 196...Computer program.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An electro-optical measuring device that measures the lateral dimension of a bar that moves in the longitudinal direction and vibrates in the lateral direction while compensating for the influence of lateral vibration, A lateral image of a bar that is moving and vibrating in the lateral direction is generated by generating an image containing error components due to electrical noise and other error components due to temperature changes in the bar, optical or electronic nonlinearity, etc. an electronic camera device comprising a telecentric lens system for converting the raw camera signals into camera signals; a pulse edge detection circuit for differentiating the raw camera signals and detecting pulse edges of each raw camera signal; an autocorrelator for removing electrical noise; and an electronic circuit device for generating an uncorrected bar size pulse having an error component due to electrical noise removed and varying as a function of said other error component. and; a device that measures the temperature of the bar and generates a bar temperature signal;
a device for measuring the position of a bar within the field of view of the electronic camera device to generate a bar position signal; A programmed computer device that removes error components and generates and stores completely corrected bar dimensions; and uses the stored bar dimensions to provide precise bar dimension measurements for display and control. An electro-optical measurement device characterized by comprising a utilization device. 2. In the device recited in claim 1,
In order to measure two or more lateral dimensions of a moving bar, the electronic camera device includes two or more electronic cameras, each converting an image of each lateral bar dimension into a raw camera signal, and the electronic circuitry An apparatus processes each raw camera signal to generate an uncorrected bar size pulse in each lateral direction, and the programmed computer apparatus processes each uncorrected bar size pulse to generate a corrected bar size pulse. occur and remember,
An electro-optical measuring device characterized in that the utilization device displays and records each corrected bar size. 3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the electronic camera device is configured to move one or more electronic cameras around the bar in order to measure one or more lateral dimensions of the moving bar at various circumferential positions. a scanning device for providing controlled movement of the center and generating a scanning position signal, the programmed computer device being adapted to plot and store modified bar size pulses as a function of the scanning position signal;
An electro-optical measurement device characterized in that the utilization device displays and records a bar profile using stored bar profile data. 4 In the device set forth in claim 3,
An electro-optical measurement device, wherein the scanning device includes a controller responsive to a scanning device motion control signal. 5. In the device set forth in claim 4,
An electro-optical measurement device, characterized in that the programmed computer device automatically controls the scanning device to move in forward and reverse directions on a predetermined outer peripheral surface of the bar in response to a predetermined command signal. 6. In the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, when an uncorrected bar size pulse occurs that requires correction for errors due to the effects of bar temperature and bar composition on room temperature bar size. teeth,
providing means for generating bar temperature and composition signals;
Electro-optical measurement, wherein the programmed computer device is responsive to the bar temperature signal and the composition signal to compensate the uncorrected bar size pulse for the error to generate a corrected bar size pulse. Device. 7. An electro-optical measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electronic camera device includes at least one backlit electronic camera. 8. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the electronic camera device includes at least one
an electro-optical measuring device comprising: an electronic camera, the electronic camera having an electronically scanned image response device; and the electronic circuit device including a sweep generator for driving the scanning of the response device. . 9. In the device set forth in claim 8,
An electro-optical measuring device, wherein the sweep generator has a circuit configuration that generates uniaxial scanning of the image response device. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the sweep generator is configured to generate a linear bidirectional sweep cycle with equal upward and downward sweep half cycles. 11. The electro-optical measuring device according to claim 9, wherein the sweep generator has a circuit configuration that generates a non-linear bidirectional sweep cycle. 12. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the electronic camera device comprises a variable gain image response device, and the electronic circuit device controls the image response device so that the output current is maintained constant. An electro-optical measurement device characterized in that it includes a self-balancing measurement loop with an automatic gain control circuit that changes the gain. 13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the bar position measuring device includes means for generating a bar position signal representative of the center position of the bar image from the uncorrected bar size pulse, and the programmed computer device An electro-optical measuring device characterized in that an uncorrected bar dimension pulse is effectively corrected in accordance with a bar center position signal. 14. In the apparatus of claim 13, each bar center position signal detects the leading edge of the uncorrected bar dimension pulse in each upper and lower sweep half of the bidirectional sweep cycle of the electronic camera system. An electro-optical measuring device characterized in that the measurement is performed by determining the center position of the material as half of the distance between these leading edges. 15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising a bar target dimension data source, wherein the programmed computer device responds to a predetermined command signal to calculate a function between the modified bar dimension and the target dimension data. The deviation of the corrected bar dimension from the target dimension is plotted and stored, and the utilization device uses the stored data to display and record the bar dimension deviation from the target dimension. Electro-optical measuring device. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a bar dimensional tolerance data source, wherein said programmed computer device is adapted to plot and store bar dimensional tolerance data from said data source in response to a predetermined command signal. An electro-optical measuring device characterized in that the utilization device utilizes the stored data to display and record bar material dimensional tolerances superimposed on bar material dimensional deviations from target dimensions. 17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising an operational data source stored in the programmed computer device in response to a predetermined command signal, and wherein the utilization device uses the stored operational data. An electro-optical measuring device characterized in that it displays and records operating data. 18. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the programmed computer device is responsive to a predetermined command signal to calibrate the device using standard bars to form a memory map; An electro-optical measuring device characterized in that the measuring device is recalibrated without using a rod in response to a predetermined command signal. 19. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the image-responsive device includes one or more calibration masks, and the electronic circuitry includes means for offsetting the scan from a central bar image sweep position onto one of the calibration masks; and means for controlling selective use of a calibration mask to recalibrate the measuring device without the use of a rod. 20. The electro-optical measuring device according to claim 19, wherein the programmed computer device selectively uses a calibration mask in response to a predetermined command signal. 21. An electro-optical measurement method for measuring the lateral dimension of a bar that moves in the length direction and vibrates in the lateral direction while compensating for the influence of the lateral vibration,
A lateral image of the moving bar to be measured is formed on an electronic camera device equipped with a telecentric lens system, and the image is combined with error components caused by electrical noise, temperature changes of the bar material, and optical effects of the electronic camera device. or convert it into a raw camera signal that varies as a function of other error components due to electronic non-linearities, etc.; process the raw camera signal with an electronic circuit device to remove the electrical noise from the differentiated raw camera signal. generating a bar size pulse that varies as a function of the other error component; measuring bar temperature to produce a bar temperature signal and measuring bar position within the field of view of the electronic camera device; generating a bar position signal; supplying the bar size pulse, the bar temperature signal and the bar position signal to a programmed computing device to cause the computing device to generate a bar stock position signal based on the bar stock temperature signal and bar stock position signal; compensating the bar size pulse by calculating correction coefficients for the other error components, generating and storing completely corrected bar size data, and using the stored corrected bar size data for display and control. Characteristic electro-optical measurement method. 22 In order to measure two or more lateral dimensions of a moving bar in the method recited in claim 21, two or more lateral dimensions of the bar are imaged on respective electronic cameras and each image is captured. Convert to raw camera signal,
Each raw camera signal is processed to remove noise and generate two or more bar size pulses containing said other error components, and each bar size pulse is processed by a programmed computing device to generate an associated bar temperature signal and An electro-optical measuring method comprising: compensating each bar dimension pulse based on a bar position signal to form and store a corrected bar dimension pulse, and displaying and recording each corrected bar dimension using the stored data. . 23 In the method set forth in claim 21 or 22, when measuring one or more lateral dimensions at each outer circumferential position of the bar, the electronic camera of the electronic camera device is controlled to scan in the circumferential direction of the bar's outer periphery. and generating a scanner position signal, plotting and storing the bar profile as a function of the modified bar size pulse and the scanner position signal in a production computing device, and using the stored data to display and record the bar profile. An electro-optical measurement method characterized by: 24. An electro-optical measuring method according to claim 23, characterized in that the scanning of the bar is manually or automatically controlled in both forward and reverse directions in response to a scanning device motion control signal. 25. In the method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, a bar composition signal is generated, and a programmed computer device detects an uncorrected bar composition signal for errors due to the influence of the bar composition on the room temperature bar dimensions. An electro-optical measuring method characterized in that it compensates for dimensional pulses. 26. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, generating one or more types of signals including target bar dimensions, bar dimension tolerances, and operating data;
Plotting and storing deviations of bar dimensions from target dimensions in response to predetermined command signals within a programmed computer device, and storing bar dimension tolerances and operating data;
An electro-optical measurement method characterized by displaying and recording bar material dimensional deviations from target dimensions using stored data and superimposing bar material dimensional tolerances and operating data. 27. The method according to any of claims 21 to 26, wherein a standard size bar is used to generate a calibration bar image and converted into a calibration bar size pulse to calibrate the measuring device; 1. An electro-optical measurement method comprising: forming a memory map in response to an offline command signal in a computer device; and comparing an instantaneous calibration bar size pulse with a stored value in response to an online command signal. 28. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the camera device includes an image responsive device having a calibration mask adjacent to the central portion on which the bar to be measured or the calibration bar is imaged. preparing and pre-calibrating the measurement device by electronically scanning the central portion of the image response device using a standard bar; and offsetting the electronic scan of the image response device to the alignment mask in response to a specific command signal; A programmed computer device compares the output of the image response device during this recalibration with the output when using a known standard bar to determine the drift of the measurement operation, and recalibrates the measurement operation without using the calibration bar. An electro-optical measurement method characterized by: