JPS6135912B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an atomization device for atomizing liquid fuels such as kerosene and light oil, water, and liquids such as medical solutions. This invention relates to a liquid atomization device that uses vibration.

The purpose is to provide an atomizing device that is simple and compact in structure, is therefore inexpensive, and has excellent atomization characteristics and stability in atomization operation, especially stable starting characteristics. It is.

Conventionally, various types of liquid atomization devices have been proposed and put into practical use or under consideration for practical use.

For example, (1) a rotary atomizer that atomizes liquid by dropping it onto a rotating body and shaking it off using centrifugal force; (2)
Typical mechanical atomizers include pressure spray atomizers that atomize liquid by pressurizing it with a high-pressure pump and ejecting it from a nozzle. A width-enhancing ultrasonic atomizer that uses a horn-shaped oscillator to increase the oscillation width and supplies liquid to the tip of the increased oscillator to atomize it; (4) At the bottom of the liquid tank. There are cavitation-type atomizers that are equipped with a piezoelectric element, concentrate ultrasonic waves near the liquid surface, create a liquid column, and atomize the liquid by a type of cavitation phenomenon at the liquid surface.

However, the atomization devices described in (1) and (2) above require large parts such as a rotating body and a high-pressure pump, making the entire device large and expensive, and the atomization performance is also not desirable. Not only that, but the noise was also loud. In addition, (3) requires a horn-shaped vibrator made of duralumin or the like, which is expensive because it requires extremely high dimensional accuracy, and its atomization characteristics are not very good. In addition, in order to increase the mechanical amplitude in an efficient and stable manner,
An expensive drive circuit with a stabilized output is required, and the mounting structure is also complicated. (Four)
has been put to practical use in humidifiers, etc., but since it is configured to emit ultrasonic waves directly into the liquid tank, the atomization characteristics are significantly affected by the temperature of the liquid, the distance from the liquid surface, etc. There were serious problems in that the energy required for atomization was extremely large, operation was required at a frequency in the 1-2 MHz band, and unnecessary radiation was extremely large. Furthermore, the drive circuit had to become extremely expensive in order to stabilize the amount of atomization and prevent noise (unnecessary radiation).

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional technology, and has a simple and compact structure, excellent atomization characteristics and atomization stability, and especially a low cost product with stable starting characteristics. The present invention aims to provide an atomization device that can be configured with the following.

An embodiment in which the atomization device of the present invention is applied to an oil hot air heater will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the configuration of a hot air fan showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a warm air fan case, which is operated by an operating section 2. The kerosene is sent from the tank 3 to the leveler 5 through the oil supply pipe 4, and the liquid level is maintained constant. The oil is supplied from the leveler 5 to the degassing section 7 through the oil supply pipe 6. Deaeration section 7
is provided with an exhaust section 8, and the degassed air is discharged from the tip section 9. A liquid supply means 10 is integrally constructed in the deaeration section 7, and kerosene is supplied from the liquid supply means 10 to an atomization section 12 through an oil supply pipe 11, and then to a return pipe 13, 13'.
The air is returned to the degassing section 7 through the air. The atomizing section 12 is fixed to the mixing chamber wall 14 and is mounted so as to face the mixing chamber 15.

On the other hand, the combustion air is transferred to the intake pipe 17 by the blower 16.
It is sucked in as shown by the arrow in the figure, and the swirler 18
As a result, the air turns into swirling air in the mixing chamber 15 as shown by the arrow in the figure, mixes with kerosene atomized from the atomizing section 12, and is sent to the combustion chamber/heat exchanger 19, where a flame 20 is formed. Exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 21 as shown by the arrow. Note that 22 is a convection fan, which is used to convect indoor air and exchange heat.

Further, a disk-shaped permanent magnet 23 is attached to the shaft 16' of the blower 16, and the liquid supply means 10
is located close to.

24 is an ignition means, 25 is a flame detection means,
Together with the atomizing section 12, degassing section 7, blower 16, etc., it is placed under the control of a control section 26, and is controlled based on signals from the operating section 2, room temperature detection means (not shown), etc. It is something.

Here, the atomizing section 12, degassing section 7 and liquid supplying means 10 will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, the same symbols as in FIG. 1 are equivalent.

When an operation start signal is sent to the control unit 26 by the operation unit 2, the control unit 26 supplies AC power to the second electric vibrator 27 provided in the degassing unit 7.
Therefore, ultrasonic energy is supplied to the kerosene 28 in the degassing section 7, and dissolved air in the kerosene becomes bubbles 2.
9 is collected in the exhaust part 8 and exhausted from the tip part 9. A filter 30 prevents air bubbles 29 from entering the liquid tank 31 in the liquid supply means, and allows kerosene to freely pass through. Therefore, after a certain period of time, the kerosene in the liquid tank 31 is also mixed with the kerosene in the degassing section 7 and thereby degassed. After a certain period of time, the blower 16 is activated by the controller 26, the shaft 16' rotates as shown by the arrow in the figure, and the permanent magnet 23 rotates in the same manner. A rotating body (propeller) 32 is provided in the liquid supply means 10,
It is fixed coaxially with the disk-shaped magnet 33. The magnet 33 has sliding parts 34 and 35, and is therefore rotated by magnetic force in conjunction with the rotation of the permanent magnet 23.

Therefore, a pressure difference occurs in the kerosene in the liquid tank 31,
Kerosene flows as shown by the arrow in the figure. The liquid level 36, 37, which was kept constant by the leveler 5,
Of the 38, 36 and 37 are slightly lowered, and 38 is raised to supply kerosene to the atomizing section 12.

The atomizing section 12 includes a base body 40 having a horn-shaped pressurizing chamber 39 therein, a nozzle section 42 having a small hole nozzle 41 at the tip thereof, a gasket 43,
It is fixed with a holding plate 44 and screws 45. On the other hand, at the bottom of the pressurizing chamber 39, a disk-shaped piezoelectric element 46,
A first electrical vibrator 48 consisting of a diaphragm 47 is provided, and is sealed with an O-ring 49 and attached to a screw 50.
It is fixed to the base body 40 by. A supply chamber 52 is configured in a ring shape by the support portion 51 of the first electric vibrator 48 and the base body 40, and communicates with the pressurizing chamber 39 through a communication portion 53. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the nozzle, and the nozzle 41 has a diameter of 60 to 100.
The diameter of the plate is approximately 50 μm.

Now, the liquid level 38 is pushed up due to the pressure difference in the liquid tank 31 of the liquid supply means 10 caused by the activation of the blower 16, and the supply chamber 52 and the pressurizing chamber 3
Air inside 9 is exhausted and kerosene fills. Furthermore, the liquid level 37 is pushed down and the air in the return pipe 13 is finally exhausted into the degassing section 7, so that all of the air is exhausted. That is, due to the rotation of the rotating body 32, kerosene circulates through the circulation path: liquid tank 31 → supply pipe 11 → supply chamber 52 → pressurization chamber 39 → return pipe 13 → degassing section 7 → liquid tank 31. be. Therefore, the pressurizing chamber 39 and the supply chamber 52 can be completely evacuated and filled with deaerated kerosene, and the atomization operation described below can be started safely and reliably. This makes it possible. In this state, kerosene hardly overflows from the nozzle 41 due to the surface tension of the kerosene. In addition, 54 is a screw, and the atomization part 1
2 is fixed to the mixing chamber wall 14.

After the blower 16 is started and after a certain period of time, for example about 10 seconds (which can also be used as the pre-purge time in the case of this hot air blower embodiment), the state as described above is reached. The control unit 26 then supplies AC power to the first electric vibrator 48 to start the atomization unit 12,
Start atomization operation.

The atomizing operation of the atomizing section 12 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4a and 4b. In FIG. 4, the same symbols as in FIG. 2 are equivalent.

The first electric vibrator 48 is supplied with alternating current voltages as shown in FIGS. 5a, b, and c depending on the required amount of atomization. When a positive half-cycle voltage is now supplied, the first electric vibrator 48 generates a strain as shown in FIG. Therefore, the pressure is increased. As a result, minute droplets 55 are ejected from the nozzle 41 as shown in the figure. That is, the pressure waves generated by the distortion of the electric vibrator 48 are concentrated near the nozzle part 42 as shown by the arrow in the figure, and are concentrated near the nozzle part 42 as shown by the arrow in the figure.
m) is ejected as minute droplets of about 10 to 30 μm.

Next, when a negative half-cycle voltage is applied, the state as shown in FIG. The change in volume within the pressurizing chamber 39 caused by the distortion of the vibrator 48 is replenished. Due to the surface tension of the kerosene, the nozzle 41 is in a boundary state with air as shown in the figure, and no air flows in from the nozzle 41.

By repeating the above-described states shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b according to the AC voltage waveform shown in FIG. 5, extremely small droplets can be continuously ejected.

By the way, since the above-mentioned distortion of the first electric vibrator 48 is about 0.1 to 0.3 μm at the maximum amplitude,
For example, if air remains in the pressurizing chamber 39 or the supply chamber 52, normal discharge and kerosene suction (pumping action) as described above cannot be performed, and the discharge amount, especially at startup, is extremely inadequate. It becomes stable. Therefore, if the liquid supply means is completely filled with kerosene as shown in FIG. 2, extremely stable atomization operation can be guaranteed. In addition, in this example,
Since the liquid supply means is configured to be energized by the blower 16, it can be realized at extremely low cost. Furthermore, a sealed structure can be achieved by coupling the components by magnetic force as shown in FIG.

Since the atomization mechanism of the atomization unit 12 is as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, the energy required for atomization is extremely small. For example, to obtain an atomization amount equivalent to 5000 Kcal/h, it requires only 0.4 Watts. It is below that level. Therefore, temperature compensation and control of the amount of atomization is extremely easy and can be realized with an inexpensive circuit configuration.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4b, since it has a pumping action (suction action), the amount of atomization is determined by the operation of the atomizer, that is, the operation of the first electric vibrator 48. and has the characteristic that it is not affected much by the characteristics of the liquid supply means 10,
The liquid supply means may be of very low precision and therefore can be realized very inexpensively.

Note that the degassing unit 7 is for realizing high frequency operation of the atomizing unit 12, and is designed to discharge air dissolved in the kerosene to cause the first electric vibrator 48 to
This is to prevent cavitation phenomenon in the pressurized chamber 39 that may occur due to high frequency operation (30 to 50 KHz), to realize high frequency operation as much as possible, and to improve atomization performance. That is, this is because the atomization performance improves as the operation is performed at a higher frequency.

As described above, according to the present invention, a pressurizing chamber for filling liquid, an electric vibrator for exciting the liquid in the pressurizing chamber, and a nozzle facing the pressurizing chamber are provided. The present invention is configured to include an atomizing section, a blowing means, and a liquid supply means energized by the blowing means, and the pressurizing chamber is filled with liquid by the liquid supply means, so that the structure is simple and compact. It is possible to provide an atomization device that is inexpensive, has excellent atomization characteristics and atomization characteristics, and can be started extremely stably, and its effects are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a hot air fan to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the structure of the atomizing device, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the tip of the atomizing unit, Fig. 4a, 5b is a sectional view explaining the operation of the atomizing section, and FIGS. 5a to 5c are drive voltage waveform diagrams of the electric vibrator. 10...Liquid supply means, 12...Atomization section, 16
...Blower (air blowing means), 39...Pressure chamber, 40
... Base body, 41 ... Nozzle, 42 ... Nozzle part,
48...Electric vibrator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A base body having a pressurized chamber for filling with liquid, an electric vibrator for vibrating the liquid in the pressurized chamber, and a nozzle facing the pressurized chamber, A blowing means for supplying a gas for mixing or transporting droplets discharged from the nozzle, and a liquid supply means energized by the blowing means, and the liquid supply means fills the pressurized chamber with liquid. An atomizing device characterized by being configured as follows. 2. The blowing means is constituted by a blower, and the liquid supply means is constituted by a liquid tank and a rotating body provided in the liquid tank, and the rotating body is configured to operate in conjunction with the blower. An atomizing device according to claim 1. 3. The atomization device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotating body and the blower are coupled by magnetic force.