JPS6134553Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument that allows for good key touching and allows for accurate derivation of the contact opening/closing time difference of a key switch.

Conventional keyboard devices for electronic musical instruments are configured to return the key using a tension spring installed at the rear end of the key, and as the key is pressed down, the reaction force applied to the fingertips increases. In the case of a keyboard device, such as the keyboard device of a piano, which is a natural musical instrument, the jack that pushes up the hammer separates from the hammer, the so-called escape phenomenon, and the reaction force applied to the fingertips suddenly decreases. I couldn't get it. Also,
Conventional keyboard devices for electronic musical instruments are not configured to control sound production by simply opening and closing key switches in response to keystrokes, so only the same volume can be obtained, and the volume varies depending on the strength of the keystrokes. There was no way to avoid the monotony of the performance.

Conventionally, as a device that approximates the feeling of touching a key to that of a piano, a magnet is attached to the key or key frame and its absorption power is utilized.
Alternatively, a method has been proposed in which a weight is attached to the key to increase the inertial force. Additionally, as devices for controlling sound production using keys, devices have been proposed that use a coil power generation method to generate an output that corresponds to the keystroke speed, or that use a VR control method, capacitance change method, etc. to generate an output that corresponds to the depth of the keystroke. There is. However, all of these methods can only achieve the effect of either approximating the touch feel of a piano key or controlling the sound production using the keys, and they also do not approximate the feel of a piano key touch. Even if there is, it is still not sufficient, and if the above-mentioned devices were to be combined to obtain both of the above effects, it would have to be an extremely complicated configuration.
Moreover, the timing between the key touch feeling and the sound production control does not match. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned device for controlling sound production using keys were to be adopted in a digital electronic musical instrument, the circuit for digitally extracting the output corresponding to the keystroke strength would have to be extremely complex. However, the above device was not suitable for digital electronic musical instruments.

This idea was made in view of the above circumstances,
The purpose of this device is to provide a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument whose key touch feeling is very similar to that of a piano key, and which can control sound production by key operation. The first part has a sloped surface that smoothly continues with the lower receding surface.
The actuator and a second actuator having an upper receding surface and a lower protruding surface connected smoothly on an inclined surface are provided so as to reciprocate integrally with the turning operation of the key, and each actuator moves. At the same time, the first actuator slides into contact with each surface of the first actuator and swings.
An oscillator and a second oscillator that swings in sliding contact with each surface of the second actuator are provided corresponding to each actuator, and each oscillator operates so that a difference in opening and closing time of the contact occurs. A switch is provided corresponding to each of the oscillators, and the resistance when one of the oscillators oscillates on the slope of the corresponding actuator is used as a reaction force to the keystroke operation, which is applied to the fingertips. The main feature is that the reaction force is temporarily increased, and at the same time, the speed of keystroke is detected as the length of the opening/closing time difference, and the sound generation is controlled based on the detection signal.

An embodiment of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows one key of the keyboard device according to this invention, in which the key 1 is rotatably supported at its rear end by a fulcrum 3 protruding from a keyboard frame 2, and the fulcrum A tension spring 4 is stretched between the end projecting rearward from the part 3 and a predetermined location of the keyboard frame 2, and the key 1 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 by the tension spring 4. is energized by On the other hand, a stopper part 6 is formed below the front end of the key 1 as a part of the keyboard frame 2, and extends in the horizontal direction and has cushioning material 5 such as felt attached to both the upper and lower surfaces. A protrusion 7 is formed at the lower front end of the key 1 corresponding to the portion 6, and a hook 8 extends downward from the protrusion 7 and is bent such that its tip portion faces the lower surface of the stopper portion 6. is provided, so that the protrusion 7 is connected to the stopper part 6.
The lower limit position of the key 1 is regulated by contacting the upper surface, and the tip of the hook 8 is configured to engage the lower surface of the stopper portion 6 to lock the key 1 in the non-operating position. .

Further, a bracket 9 is protruded from the lower surface of the keyboard frame 2 in the center thereof, and a lever 10 is rotatably attached to the lower end of the bracket 9. On the upper surface of the front end of the lever 10, a cushioning material such as felt is provided. A material 11 is pasted, and by bringing the actuating piece 12 protruding from the upper surface of the key 1 into contact with the material 11, the key 1 is activated.
The rotational movement of the lever 10 is transmitted to the lever 10, and the lever 10 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG.
Further, a weight 13 is fixed to the rear end of the lever 10 for rotating the lever 10 clockwise, and two actuators 14 and 15 having substantially symmetrical shapes are attached to the rear end of the lever 10. It is being One actuator 14 is for operating a normally open contact or a normally open switch, and has a flat plate shape as a whole, and has a protruding surface 14a whose rear end surface is on the upper side, and a recessed surface 14 on the lower side.
b, and an inclined surface 14c that smoothly connects these surfaces 14a and 14b. The other actuator 15 is for operating a normally closed contact or a normally closed switch, and has a shape that is an upside-down version of the above-mentioned one actuator 14, that is, it has a flat plate shape as a whole, and its rear end face is recessed upward. Surface 15a and lower protruding surface 15b
and an inclined surface 15c that smoothly connects these surfaces 15a and 15b. Each actuator 14, 15 is connected to each protruding surface 1.
4a and 15b are joined at each side surface so that a portion thereof overlaps in the width direction. Further, at the rear of each actuator 14, 15, rockers 16, 17 are arranged opposite to the rear end surface.
is swingably attached to a predetermined location on the keyboard frame 2. Each rocker 16, 17 has a lower end bent toward the actuators 14, 15 and comes into contact with the rear end surface, and protrusions 16a, 17a projecting rearward are formed in the middle part, so that the key is not pressed. That is, when each actuator 14, 15 is at the lower limit position, one of the oscillators 16 is pressed rearward as its bent end comes into contact with the protruding surface 14a of one of the actuators 14, and the other oscillator 16 is pushed backward. The child 17 is configured such that its bent end touches the retreating surface 15a of the other actuator 15 and is located slightly forward of the one rocker.

A two-contact leaf switch 18 at the rear of each oscillator 16, 17 is fixed to a predetermined location on the keyboard frame 2, and one of the contacts 18
When the key is not pressed, the contact 18b is opened by one of the rockers 16 and becomes a normally open contact, and the other contact 18b is closed at this time and becomes a normally closed contact.

Next, the operation of the keyboard device configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, when the front end of the key 1 is pressed against the elastic force of the tension spring 4, the key 1
rotates counterclockwise, and along with this, the actuating piece 12
pushes down the front end of the lever 10, the lever 10 rotates counterclockwise, and the actuators 14 and 15 rise, causing the rockers 16 and 17 to rotate,
As a result, the normally open contact 18a closes, and the normally closed contact 18b
opens. The operating order of the actuators 14, 15, rockers 16, 17, and contacts 18a, 18b in this case is shown in detail in FIG. 4.

That is, Fig. 4 A, B, and C show the operating order of one actuator 14, oscillator 16, and contact 18a, and Fig. 4 A', B', and C' show the operation order of the other actuator 15, oscillator 17, and contact 18a. The operating order of the contacts 18b is shown, and when the key is not pressed (FIG. 4 A, A'), each actuator 14, 15 is at the lower limit position, and one oscillator 16 is in the lower limit position.
As a result, one contact 18a is opened, and the other oscillator 17 is in contact with the retreating surface 15a of the other actuator 15 and is in a substantially vertical state. , and as a result the other contact 18b is closed. Then, when key 1 is pressed down slightly (Fig. 4 B,
B'), each actuator 14, 15 rises slightly. In this case, one oscillator 16 is still in contact with the protruding surface 14a of one actuator 14 and is pressed to the right, so one contact 18a is open, and the other oscillator 17 is pressed to the right. It slides on the retreating surface 15a, inclined surface 15c, and protruding surface 15b of the actuator 15, and as a result is pressed to the right in the figure, and as a result, the other contact 18b
will be held. Note that as the other actuator 15 rises, the other oscillator 17 moves toward the inclined surface 15c.
When sliding from the retreating surface 15a to the protruding surface 15b, the force for rotating the oscillator 17 to the right is a reaction force against the upward movement of the other actuator 15, that is, a reaction force against the key press operation. Therefore, the reaction force applied to the fingertip temporarily increases. When key 1 is pressed down further (Fig. 4 C,
C'), one oscillator 16 is connected to one actuator 1
4 rises, it slides from the protruding surface 14a to the retreating surface 14b through the inclined surface 14c and rotates clockwise in the figure, and as a result, one contact 18a closes. Further, the other rocker 17 continues to be in sliding contact with the protruding surface 15b of the other actuator 15, and as a result, the other contact 18b is held open. In this case, the acceleration when the oscillator 17 is released from sliding on the inclined surface 14 is applied, and the other oscillator 17 moves toward the other actuator 15.
In addition, as one rocker 16 rotates clockwise, it acts to push up one actuator 14 somewhat, so that it is applied to the fingertip as the key is pressed. Power decreases rapidly.

Each actuator 14, 15, each oscillator 16, 1
7 and each of the contacts 18a and 18b operate as described above when the key is pressed, and as a result, the reaction force applied to the fingertip increases temporarily at the beginning of the key press, and rapidly decreases near the end of the key press. As a result, it is possible to obtain a key touch feeling similar to that of a piano, and at the same time, the opening/closing time difference can be set by both of the contacts 18a and 18b being in the open state in the middle of switching between the open and closed states. .

When the pressing force on the key 1 is released, the key 1 is rotated clockwise in FIGS. 1 and 3 by the elastic force of the tension spring 4 and returns to its original state. By rotating clockwise, each actuator 14, 15 descends, and as a result, each oscillator 16, 17 and each contact 1
8a and 18b perform operations opposite to those described above.

According to the embodiment of this invention, when the key is not pressed, the contact point between the cushioning material 11 and the actuating piece 12 is not located on the line connecting the fulcrum of the key and the fulcrum of the lever, and when the key is pressed, the cushioning Friction occurs between the material 11 and the actuating piece 12, which makes the touch of the key even better. Further, each of the contacts 18a, 18b
The difference in opening/closing time is short when the key press speed is fast, and long when the key press speed is slow.
Sound generation control can be performed using the difference in opening and closing times of a and 18b.

Next, an example of the circuit will be explained along with its operation.

In FIG. 5, the fixed contact of one contact (hereinafter referred to as a normally open switch) 18a and the fixed contact of the other contact (hereinafter referred to as a normally closed switch) 18b are each connected to a "0" signal source, and each The movable contacts are each connected to a "1" signal source via resistors 20 and 21, and are also connected to the input ends of a two-input AND gate 22, respectively. When key 1 is pushed down slightly (states B and B' in Figure 4), normally closed switch 18b opens and AND gate 2 is opened.
2 outputs the inputs as "1" and "1", and this output A is supplied to the other input terminal of a two-input AND gate 24 which receives the clock pulse CP of the clock pulse source 23 at one input terminal. . The output B of this AND gate 24 is applied to a counter 25, and the normally closed switch 18
The movable contact b is connected to the counter 2 via the differential circuit 26.
5, and the counter 25 is reset with a reset signal R consisting of a rising differential output generated from the differentiator circuit 26 at time _t1 when the normally closed switch 18b is opened, and _the AND
The output B is counted up and the memory 27 is addressed with the output C. This memory 27 stores, for example, the amplitude value of each sample point corresponding to the attenuation curve as a digital representation, and each digital amplitude value is read out using the counter output C as an address signal. , this memory 2
Readout output D of 7 is digital-analog (D/A)
It is converted into a corresponding analog signal E by a converter 28. On the other hand, the movable contact of the normally open switch 18a is further connected to a sample hold circuit 29, and is branched off and connected to the sample hold circuit 29 via a one shot circuit 30. Then, when key 1 is pressed down further (Fig. 4 C,
(state C'), the normally open switch 18a closes, and the time difference between this time _t2 and the time _t1 when the normally closed switch 18b opens becomes the opening/closing time difference of each switch 18a, 18b. The pulse width of the signal A to be emitted is set. Then, the digital amplitude value of the sample point corresponding to the pulse width of the signal A is addressed and read out in the memory 27, and the readout output D is converted into a corresponding analog signal E by the D/A converter 28, and the sample and hold circuit 29. Analog signal E
is held in the sample and hold circuit 29 by inputting a "1" level signal from the one shot circuit 30 to the sample and hold circuit 29 as the normally open switch 18a closes, and the sample and hold at time _t2 If the output signal F of the circuit 29 is used to form an envelope signal for opening and closing the musical tone signal, the output signal F at time _t2 is
Since the voltage level is proportional to the key pressing speed, an envelope signal corresponding to the key pressing speed can be obtained.

Note that when the pressing force on the key 1 is released and the key 1 returns to its original state, the normally open switch 18a opens and the signal supplied to the sample hold circuit 29 changes from the "0" level to the "1" level. As a result, the sample and hold circuit 29 is cleared.

As is clear from the above description, the keyboard device having the above structure can provide a key touch feeling similar to that of a piano, and at the same time, it is possible to control sound production by key press operations.

In the above embodiment, the key 1 is connected to the tension spring 4.
The actuator 1 is attached to the lever 10 which rotates in unison with the rotation of the key 1.
4 and 15 to open and close the contacts 18a and 18b, however, this invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be constructed as shown in FIG. 6, for example. That is, in FIG. 6, a weight 31 is fixed to the rear end of the key 1, and the key 1 is returned to its original position by the weight of the weight 31. A bracket 32 bent in an L-shape is protruded, and actuators 14 and 15 similar to those in the previous embodiment are fixed to the rear end of the bracket 32. On the other hand, another bracket 34 is provided on the rear end side of the key frame 33, and the actuators 14, 1 are mounted on the upper part of the rear rising piece of this bracket 34.
5, rockers 16, 17 and a two-contact leaf switch 18 are attached. In addition, 35 in FIG. 6 is a stopper for regulating the position of the key 1 when the key is not pressed, and 36 is a stopper for regulating the position of the key 1 when the key 1 is not pressed.
This is a stopper for regulating the position of the key 1 when pressed to the maximum extent. Even with the above-described structure, it is possible to obtain a key touch similar to that of a piano, as in the above-mentioned embodiment, and it is also possible to control sound production by utilizing the difference in opening and closing times of the contacts.

Further, in the embodiment, each actuator 14, 1
The protruding surfaces 14a, 15a of the contacts 18a, 15a are partially overlapped in the thickness direction, thereby making the contacts 18a, 1
However, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, the inclined surfaces 14c and 15c of each actuator are used to obtain the difference in opening and closing times of the contacts 18a and 18b.
8b may be configured to obtain an opening/closing time difference,
Further, other switches may be used instead of the leaf switch 18, and furthermore, each actuator 14, 15
The corresponding contacts or switches may both be normally closed contacts or switches or normally open contacts or switches. Further, the circuit for controlling the sound generation is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 5, but may be configured to perform analog processing.

As explained above, according to this invention, the first actuator is formed by smoothly connecting the upper protruding surface and the lower retracting surface with an inclined surface, and the upper retracting surface and the lower protruding surface are inclined. A second actuator, which is formed by smoothly continuous surfaces, is provided so as to reciprocate integrally with the rotational movement of the key, and as each of these actuators moves, a second actuator that slides in sliding contact with each of the surfaces and reciprocates is provided. The structure is such that the first and second oscillators are provided corresponding to each actuator, and a switch is provided corresponding to each oscillator, which is operated so that the opening and closing times are different depending on each oscillator. , the resistance force when one of the oscillators slides and rotates on the inclined surface of the corresponding actuator acts as a reaction force against the key press operation, so that the touch applied to the fingertip is It is possible to obtain a key touch feeling similar to that of a piano, where the keys are heavy at the beginning of the key press and light at the end of the key press, and at the same time, the sound generation can be controlled by key operation by setting the time difference between the opening and closing contacts of each switch. You can also do

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of this invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the actuator, Fig. 3 is a side view showing the operating state, Fig. 4 is the actuator,
Explanatory diagram showing the operating order of the vibrator and contacts, fifth
The figure is a circuit configuration diagram showing a circuit for controlling sound generation, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the main parts showing another embodiment of this invention. 1...key, 14, 15...actuator, 14
a, 15b... protruding surface, 14b, 15a... retreating surface, 14c, 15c... inclined surface, 16, 17...
Oscillator, 18...Leaf switch, 18a, 18
b...Contact point.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A first actuator in which an upper protruding surface and a lower receding surface are smoothly continuous on an inclined surface, and a second actuator in which an upper receding surface and a lower protruding surface are smoothly continuous on an inclined surface. and a first oscillator that is reciprocated in sliding contact with each surface of the first actuator when each actuator moves, and a first oscillator that is reciprocated by sliding on each surface of the first actuator when each actuator moves. A second oscillator is provided corresponding to the second actuator, and a second oscillator is provided corresponding to the second actuator and is reciprocated in sliding contact with each surface of the second actuator, and A keyboard device characterized in that a switch to be operated and a switch to be operated by the other oscillator are provided so that there is a difference in opening and closing time of their contacts.