JPS6132392B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6132392B2 JPS6132392B2 JP9606178A JP9606178A JPS6132392B2 JP S6132392 B2 JPS6132392 B2 JP S6132392B2 JP 9606178 A JP9606178 A JP 9606178A JP 9606178 A JP9606178 A JP 9606178A JP S6132392 B2 JPS6132392 B2 JP S6132392B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- layer
- defects
- mcraly
- outer layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 (Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002515 CoAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000907 nickel aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
ãçºæã®è©³çŽ°ãªèª¬æã
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ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ãããDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides the above-mentioned method for imparting corrosion resistance at high temperatures to a metal substrate to achieve sufficient performance and long life, particularly in metal products exposed to high temperatures during use. The present invention relates to a method of forming a coating on a metal substrate.
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æ¥ã«é©çšãããã There are many uses for metal products that are exposed to high temperatures. For example, applications include flight space applications and land-based applications such as products used in gas turbine engines.
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ãŠããã In these applications, it is important to provide means to prevent unnecessary corrosion of the product. This is because such corrosion shortens the material life of the product and poses significant performance and safety problems. Various alloys, including most superalloys, are characterized by their degree of corrosion resistance. However, when unprotected superalloys are exposed to certain system operating temperatures, corrosion resistance is significantly reduced. For this reason, such products are often provided with protective coatings such as aluminide coatings, thereby increasing their corrosion resistance at extreme operating temperatures.
ã¢ã«ããã€ã被èã¯ããã¯ã»ã¡ã³ããŒã·ãšã³æ³
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åŠçæ§è³ªåã³å 工枩床ã被èã®ååŠçæ§è³ªãåã¿
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ããããšã«ãªãã The aluminide coating is formed by a pack cementation method. In this method, the substrate chemistry and processing temperature greatly influence the coating chemistry, thickness, and properties. In particular, if the coating consists of a hard, brittle outer layer and a hard, brittle multiphase lower layer, these layers may crack at operating temperatures. As a result, fatigue properties deteriorate, and cracks also reduce the corrosion resistance of the product.
被èã®ä»ã®çš®é¡ã¯MCrAlY被èïŒïŒã¯FeãCo
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çŽ ãè¡šããïŒã§ãããçŸ
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MCrAlYåéã®ç空èžçã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æããŠããã
ãã®ãããªèžç被èã¯ãã¿ãŒãã³è£œåã«é·å¯¿åœã
äžãããšããç¹ã§ãã¢ã«ããã€ã被èããããã
çš®ã®å©ç¹ãæããŠãããšãããŠããããããäžå¹ž
ãªããšã«ããããã被èã«ã¯ãèžçå·¥çšäžã«åœ¢æ
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ãã Other types of coatings are MCrAlY coatings (M is Fe, Co
or a transition metal element such as Ni). These coatings are currently available on superalloy surfaces.
It is formed by vacuum deposition of MCrAlY alloy.
Such vapor deposited coatings have been shown to have certain advantages over aluminide coatings in providing longer life to turbine products. Unfortunately, such coatings contain radially oriented defects that are formed during the deposition process.
This defect becomes a site of corrosion at high temperatures, leading to premature deterioration of the coated product. Furthermore, the formation of vapor deposited coatings is relatively expensive and requires relatively expensive manufacturing equipment.
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ã«MCrAlY被èãæœãããã«ç 究ãããŠãããã
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ã€ãã So far, several low-cost methods have been investigated to apply MCrAlY coatings on superalloys, such as plasma spraying and slurry sintering. However, most of these attempts resulted in porous coatings that deteriorate prematurely due to corrosion.
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ãã It is an object of the invention to provide a metal product which exhibits particular corrosion resistance under high temperature operating conditions.
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äŸããããšã«ããã A more specific object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for treating superalloys exposed to high temperatures, thereby imparting corrosion resistance to the product under high temperature conditions.
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ããããšã«ããã Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating, such as a coating, to a metal product, thereby making it possible to use the coating, which exhibits high corrosion resistance at high temperatures, without becoming brittle or cracking;
As a result, the object is to provide a method that allows the physical properties of the product and its corrosion resistance to be maintained at a high level during use.
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ãºã溶å°éå±è¢«èŠç©ãæäŸããããšã«ããã Yet another object of the invention is to provide a high integrity plasma sprayed metal coating for increased corrosion protection and ductility.
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ãã§ãããã These and other objects will become apparent below, but the invention will be explained in more detail by means of the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of example and not by way of limitation.
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ãã第ïŒã®å·¥çšã¯ããã®MCrAlY被èŠã®è¡šé¢ãé
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ãã FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention generally relates to a method of applying a coating onto a metal product to impart corrosion resistance to the product at high temperatures. The first step in the invention is characterized by the presence of pores, cavities and similar defects, and some of these defects reach the surface of the coating, and these defects reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating. The second step is to plasma spray the MCrAlY coating (M is one selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, and iron) on the superalloy substrate. The third method is to cover and seal defects that reach the surface of the coating by the outer layer.
The process involves subjecting the coated substrate to hot isostatic pressing at sufficient pressure and temperature and for a sufficient period of time.
Closing internal defects in the MCrAlY coating and defects across the surface and diffusing at least a portion of the metallic outer layer into the MCrAlY coating; The goal is to improve oxidation and corrosion resistance. The coating layer formed according to the present invention has a high degree of integrity, making it suitable for performance at high temperatures.
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çšå¯èœã§ããããã§ããã The MCrAlY coating used in the present invention, a ductile metal coating layer, is applied directly to the surface of the product.
This metal coating layer is formed by plasma spraying. In this case, the metallization layer material is heated to a highly plastic or molten state, which allows a combination of wetting or deformation of the deposited particles as the particles proceed to impinge on the substrate surface. Do it like this. Plasma spraying is particularly desirable for the following reasons. That is, it is generally a low cost technique for forming metallization layers and is applicable to all coating compositions.
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ã«ãŸã§éããŠããã The metallization layer obtained in this way generally increases the corrosion resistance of the product at high temperatures due to its coating composition. However, this coating is characterized by having pores, voids and similar defects to a degree or porosity that adversely affects such high temperature properties. And some of these defects reach the surface of the coating.
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è·èãšããŠã¯æå°éã«ãã䜿çšã§ããªãã The method according to the invention includes the step of forming a metallic outer layer on the metallization layer. This outer layer is also made of a material that exhibits corrosion resistance at high temperatures. This material, like the metallization layers already mentioned, shows certain insufficiencies from the point of view of corrosion resistance at high temperatures when used as the only coating on a product. An aluminide coating may be tried as the outer layer. Such coatings, when applied directly to a substrate, tend to exhibit embrittlement and/or cracking phenomena, with the result that they are of minimal use as corrosion protection coatings.
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ãã In addition to aluminide coatings, other outer layers such as noble metals and alloys thereof may be used in the method according to the invention. These metals or alloys can be used in combination with the metallization layers described above. This combination eliminates the problems encountered when forming either the gold overlying layer material or the outer layer material alone on a given substrate.
Such a situation occurs when isostatically hot pressing a product with a metallization layer and an outer layer. Gold, palladium, platinum, rhodium may be used as noble metals suitable for the practice of this invention.
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ããŠãããã In the case of aluminide coatings, the outer layer may be formed by pack cementation or other known techniques (eg, dipping, spraying, metallizing, electrophoresis). If a noble metal is used to form the outer layer, known techniques such as plasma spraying, ion plating, electron beam or vacuum evaporation, sputtering, slurry sintering or pressure welding may be used.
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temperatureïŒãŸã§ã®æž©åºŠç¯å²ã«ããã The conditions for hot isostatic pressing may be determined by comparison with the conditions recommended for the substrate. Hot isostatic pressing is thus recommended for superalloys or other materials used at high temperatures, and especially for removing defects that form during casting. Generally, in such techniques, pressures on the order of 10,000 to 50,000 psi are provided by the gaseous atmosphere. The temperature in the autoclave used for hot isostatic pressing is generally the gamma prime solvus temperature of the casting.
The solidus temperature of the casting is increased from 50ã lower than the prime solvus temperature.
temperature).
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é£ã«æµæã瀺ãããã§ããã When using an aluminide outer layer, the presence of aluminum under hot isostatic pressing results in enrichment of the underlying coating layer. In addition to this, during hot isostatic pressing the base substrate element (nickel in the case of a nickel-based alloy substrate) selectively diffuses outward and becomes found in the coating layer. This diffusion changes the chemical composition of the MCrAlY cover layer and the outer layer. A secure system is thus provided. There is less tendency for cracks to occur in the aluminide layer. This is because the aluminide layer is held together by a ductile, solid (defect-free) layer and not by a conventional brittle multiphase layer. If a crack were to form in the outer aluminide layer, its propagation would be limited by the ductility of the metallization layer. Extensive oxidation of the metallization layer does not occur. This is because the fully dense and chemically modified MCrAlY coating layer resists oxidation and/or corrosion.
貎éå±ã䜿çšããå Žåã«ã¯ãäžè¿°ããå©ç¹ãã
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è¡¡ãã¬ã¹ãè¡ãããšã«ããé€ãããšãã§ããã If noble metals are used, the advantages mentioned above are still obtained. Therefore, the tendency of the noble metal to embrittle or crack when formed directly on a substrate can be eliminated by interposing a metallization layer and subsequent hot isostatic pressing.
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ããããã§ããã By forming the two layers, the product is encapsulated and surfaces leading to defects in the product are not exposed to the high pressure atmosphere during hot isostatic pressing. As a result, the coating acts as a means to eliminate defects leading to the surface. That is, as mentioned above, the temperature and pressure of the hot isostatic press moves the metal to a range that eliminates the defects.
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çšãããã The coatings described here are characterized, in addition to corrosion resistance, by fatigue resistance and ductility at high temperatures when subjected to hot isostatic pressing. This is a necessary feature of the coating from the point of view of use. Therefore, nickel-based and cobalt-based superalloys,
The diffusion-strengthened alloys, composites, and directional eutectics used in the process of this invention are used where high temperature fatigue resistance and ductility are critical factors.
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é£æ§ãä»äžãããã As already mentioned, the optimum composition of the coating layer consists of a base material of cobalt, iron or nickel and additives of aluminum, yttrium and chromium. Aluminum, initially included in the coating layer or from the outer layer of aluminide, forms Al 2 O 3 to aid in oxidation resistance. Yttrium and equivalent additives promote oxide deposition and chromium promotes the formation of Al 2 O 3 while imparting hot corrosion resistance.
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ããã€ãå±€ã®å©ç¹ãåŸãããšãåºæ¥ãã Aluminide coatings, when used alone, will not provide sustained long-term oxidation, sulfidation, and thermal fatigue resistance. These coatings typically have a marginally ductile continuous phase that tends to crack under high corrosive stresses. When a crack occurs, an oxidizing or other hot corrosive atmosphere can gain access to the underlying substrate.
As already mentioned, such problems are solved by the presence of an intermediate coating layer in combination with hot isostatic pressing. Therefore, the benefits of an aluminide layer can be obtained without the difficulties previously encountered.
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æ§ã«é¢ããåŸæ¥ã®éçãé¿ããããšãåºæ¥ãã By using the coating layer, it becomes possible to effectively introduce elements such as yttrium, which has been difficult to incorporate into the nickel aluminide coating. Such elements are premixed into the coating layer, and in addition, when a coating layer is used, a wider range of nickel and aluminum compositions within the aluminide layer is possible. This avoids traditional limitations regarding the mechanical properties of aluminide coatings.
次ã«ãæ¬çºæã®å®æœäŸã説æããã Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
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ãã€ããExample 1 A typical nickel-based superalloy used in gas turbine engines was coated with a coating layer of CoCrAlY. This superalloy, known as IN792+H (trade name), nominally contains 0.15% C, 12.22% Cr, 9.04% Co, 1.97% Mo,
3.97% W, 3.92% Ta, 3.88% Ti, 3.57%
It had a composition of Al, 0.85% H, 0.01% B, 0.10% Zr, and the balance Ni. The nominal composition of the coating layer is 23% Cr, 13% Al, in weight percent
0.6% Y, and the rest was cobalt. This coating layer was formed by plasma spraying. The spray powder was sprayed using a high speed gun (Matsuha 3) operating at 76 KW and using argon and helium as main and auxiliary gases, respectively. The application is
The experiment was carried out in a chamber maintained at a pressure of 50 Torr.
A summary of the parameters of plasma spraying is as follows.
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ãããGun Distance from Sample 16 inches Primary Gas (Argon) V 600 CFH P 250 psi Auxiliary Gas (Helium) V 150 CFH P 250 psi Voltage 85 Volts Current 900 Amps Powder Flow 0.1 lb.PM Carrier Gas (Argon) 50 CFH The covering layer is aluminized by a pack cementation method. This method is disclosed in Freeman et al., US Pat. No. 3,625,750, issued December 7, 1971.
Aluminum sources include 35% aluminum oxide, 67% chromium/aluminum alloy, and 0.02
% to 0.05% ammonium chloride. This method works from 1900ã to 1950ã
The experiment was carried out under reduced pressure. The aluminum treated coating layer thus obtained was heated to 2200°C in an argon atmosphere.
Hot isostatic pressing was carried out for 2 hours at a temperature of 15 ksi and a pressure of 15 ksi.
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ãããšã瀺ããŠããã A 500x photomicrograph of the plasma sprayed CoCrAlY coating in its unetched state is shown in FIG. High porosity (5% of volume)
It is visible to the naked eye in a coating consisting of an intimate mixture of CoAl (β) and Co solid solution phase (γ). Figure 3 shows a 500x photomicrograph of a plasma sprayed, aluminized, hot isostatically pressed layer. This layer had almost no pores. Tests were also conducted on samples of plasma sprayed and hot isostatically pressed CoCrAlY, where a significant amount of porosity was observed. No pores were observed in the mix where the aluminide coating was prepared as an outer layer of the coating layer of CoCrAlY, indicating that hot isostatic pressing was effective in removing pores only after the aluminide coating was formed. ing.
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ã¬ã¹å·¥çšã®åŸã«å®çŸãããã Another microstructural change that occurs when a plasma sprayed coating is aluminized and hot isostatically pressed is a change in the chemical composition of the coating. Figures 4 and 5 show Al, Co, and Cr for the IN792+H substrate after plasma spraying (Figure 4) and the IN792+H substrate after plasma spraying, aluminum treatment, and hot isostatic pressing (Figure 5). , showing the electron microprobe trace (chemical composition) of Ni element. As can be noticed from these figures, due to aluminization and hot isostatic pressing, the aluminum concentration gradient ranges from about 35% by weight at the outer edge of the coating to about 5% by weight between the coating and the substrate. The range is between. or,
A wide range of amounts of nickel were diffused into the interior of the coating, ranging from 10% by weight at the outer edge of the coating to 40% by weight between the coating and the substrate. This diffusion of aluminum and nickel is caused by (Co, Ni) Al and (Co,
The concentrations of chromium and cobalt elements are varied depending on the thermodynamic stability of Ni) with the solid solution phase. Therefore, a wide range of changes in the chemical composition of plasma sprayed CoCrAlY coatings is achieved after the aluminization and hot isostatic pressing steps.
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ïŒ0.7Mach burner rig testingïŒã«ãã€ãŠè©äŸ¡ã
ãããã®ãã¹ãã®ãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯ã1750ãïŒïŒåã
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ããããšãå®èšŒãããã The performance of products coated according to the present invention was evaluated using 0.7 Mach burner rig testing. The cycle of this test is 1750ã/2 minutes,
1450ã / 4 minutes, 1750ã / 2 minutes, air cooling / 2 minutes while injecting 5 ppm salt into a flame containing 0.2% sulfur. With such a test,
The sulfation phenomenon is accentuated and the protective structure and surface oxides are subjected to considerable thermal stress. A comparative graph showing the life of various coatings for the test conditions described above is shown in FIG. The burner rig life of samples treated according to the present invention is approximately five times longer than typical aluminide coatings or coatings;
It has also been demonstrated that the lifetime is approximately 1.5 to 2 times longer than that exhibited by coatings formed by physical vapor deposition or plasma spraying.
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ãããã¯ãã©ãºã溶å°åã³ã¢ã«ãåŠçCoCrAlY
被èŠã«ãããã®ãããå¢å ããã As already mentioned, a considerable increase in the life of the coating or film is due to its resistance to oxidation/corrosion.
Attributable to a large accumulation of aluminum, (Co, Ni)Al phases. This layer is supported by a ductile (Co, Ni) solid solution layer, which makes it particularly resistant to thermal fatigue. In addition, the absence of any defects (pores) in the coating does not leave any short circuit paths for corrosion to occur. Therefore, the protective ability of the coating is due to plasma spraying or plasma spraying and aluminizing CoCrAlY.
It increases more than that due to coating.
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å·ã第3928026å·ãåã³ç¬¬3961098å·ã®åæ现æžã«
é瀺ãããŠããã A process essentially consistent with that described above may be carried out using, for example, 15-40% by weight chromium, 10-25% by weight aluminum, and 0.01-5% by weight other components selected from the group consisting of rare earths and yttrium. Alternative known coating compositions may be used, such as those consisting of 100% of the total amount of nickel, and the remainder consisting of iron, cobalt or nickel. Examples of other coating materials and methods include U.S. Pat.
No. 3,928,026, and No. 3,961,098.
æ¬çºæã®äžè¿°ã®å®æœäŸã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®
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ããã It will be understood that the above-described embodiments of the invention may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
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ã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒå³ã¯1750ãã®ããŒã¯æž©åºŠã«ããã
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The drawings are for the purpose of explaining the method according to the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a graph comparing the durability at a peak temperature of 1750° for various coatings of nickel-based superalloy, and Figure 2 is a graph showing plasma sprayed coatings. Micrograph of coated matrix (500
Figure 3 is a photomicrograph (500x) of a coating matrix plasma sprayed, aluminized and hot isostatically pressed by the method according to the invention;
Figure 4 shows Al in plasma sprayed CoCrAlY coating.
Graph showing electron microprobe traces depicting Co, Cr and Ni contents in a plasma sprayed, aluminidated and hot isostatically pressed CoCrAlY coating according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing an electronic microprobe trace depicting the and Ni content.
Claims (1)
被èŠïŒïŒã¯ããã±ã«ãã³ãã«ãåã³éãããªã矀
ããéžã°ããïŒçš®ïŒã§è¢«èŠããæ¹æ³ã§ãã€ãŠã (a) å°åã空æŽåã³é¡äŒŒã®æ¬ é¥ãæããŠããããš
ã§ç¹åŸŽã¥ãããããã€ãããã®æ¬ é¥ã®ããã€ã
ã被èŠã®è¡šé¢ã«ãŸã§éãããããã®æ¬ é¥ã«ãã
被èŠã®èé£æ§ãæžå°ããããããåèšMCrAlY
被èŠãåèšã¹ãŒããŒã¢ãã€åºäœã«ãã©ãºã溶å°
ããå·¥çšãšã (b) åèšMCrAlY被èŠã®åèšè¡šé¢ãéå±æ§å€å±€ã§
å¯éãããã®éå±æ§å€å±€ã«ããåèšè¢«èŠã®åèš
è¡šé¢ã«éããåèšæ¬ é¥ã被èŠå¯éããå·¥çšãšã (c) 被èŠãããåèšåºäœã«å åãªå§ååã³æž©åºŠäžŠ
ã³ã«å åãªæéç±éåè¡¡ãã¬ã¹ãæœããŠåèš
MCrAlY被èŠã®å éšæ¬ é¥åã³åèšè¡šé¢ã暪æã
ãæ¬ é¥ãééãããšå ±ã«åèšéå±æ§å€å±€ã®å°ãª
ããšãäžéšãåèšMCrAlY被èŠäžã«æ¡æ£ããã
ãã®æ¬ é¥ã®ééåã³åèšMCrAlY被èŠäžãžã®å
èšéå±æ§å€å±€ã®æ¡æ£ã«ãã被èŠã®èé žåè é£æ§
ãé«ããå·¥çšã ãããããå ·åããéå±åºäœã«è¢«èŠã圢æããæ¹
æ³ã ïŒ ç±éåè¡¡ãã¬ã¹ã«éããŠéå±åºäœããã€ã³ã
å ã«é 眮ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹
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èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã¢ã«ããã€ã被èŠããã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ã
MCrAlY被èŠå±€äžã«æ¡æ£ãããããã«ãã€ãŠåèš
被èŠå±€ã®èé£æ§ãå¢å€§ãããã€å»¶æ§ã®ãã被èŠã
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ã¢ã«ãããŠã æ¿åºŠãçŽïŒééïŒ ãšãªãããã«ãå
èšè¢«èŠäžã«ã¢ã«ãããŠã ã®æ¿åºŠåŸé ã圢æããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ åºäœã®ããŒã¹éå±ãNiãCoåã³Feãããªã
矀ããéžæãããããã®ããŒã¹éå±ãMCrAlY被
èŠå±€åã³éå±æ§å€å±€äžãžæ¡æ£ãããŠè¢«èŠã®èé£æ§
ãå¢å€§ãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹
æ³ã ïŒ ããã¯ã»ã¡ã³ããŒã·ãšã³ããã€ããã³ã°ãã¹
ãã¬ã€ã€ã³ã°ãã¡ã¿ã©ã€ãžã³ã°åã³é»æ°æ³³åæ³ã
ããªã矀ããéžã°ããæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠã¢ã«ããã€ã
被èŠå±€ã圢æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒ
ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ è²Žéå±åã³ãã®åéãããªã矀ããéžã°ãã
éå±ã«ãã€ãŠéå±æ§å€å±€ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãã©ãºã溶å°æ³ãå§æ¥æ³ãç空èžçæ³ãã¹ã
ãã¿ãªã³ã°ãã€ãªã³ééåã³ã¹ã©ãªãŒçŒçµæ³ãã
ãªã矀ããéžã°ããæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠéå±æ§å€å±€ã圢
æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã[Claims] 1. Superalloy substrate made of oxidation corrosion resistant MCrAlY
A method of coating with a coating (M being one selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron) which: (a) is characterized by the presence of pores, cavities and similar defects; and Some of these defects reach the surface of the coating, and these defects reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating.
plasma spraying a coating onto the superalloy substrate; (b) sealing the surface of the MCrAlY coating with a metallic outer layer, the metallic outer layer covering and sealing the defects reaching the surface of the coating; (c) subjecting said coated substrate to hot isostatic pressing at sufficient pressure and temperature and for a sufficient period of time to
closing internal defects of the MCrAlY coating and defects across the surface and diffusing at least a portion of the metallic outer layer into the MCrAlY coating;
A method of forming a coating on a metal substrate comprising the steps of: closing the defects and increasing the oxidative corrosion resistance of the coating by diffusion of the outer metallic layer into the MCrAlY coating. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal substrate is placed in a chamber during hot isostatic pressing. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metallic outer layer is comprised of an aluminide coating. 4 Aluminum from aluminide coating
MCrAlY is diffused into the coating layer, thereby increasing the corrosion resistance of said coating layer and producing a ductile coating, with an aluminum concentration of approximately 35% by weight at the outer edge of the coating and at the interface with the metal substrate. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein an aluminum concentration gradient is formed in the coating such that the aluminum concentration at is about 5% by weight. 5. The base metal of the substrate is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co and Fe, and these base metals are diffused into the MCrAlY coating layer and the metallic outer layer to increase the corrosion resistance of the coating. Method described. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the aluminide coating layer is formed by a method selected from the group consisting of pack cementation, dipping, spraying, metallizing and electrophoresis. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metallic outer layer is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of noble metals and alloys thereof. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the metallic outer layer is formed by a method selected from the group consisting of plasma spraying, pressure welding, vacuum evaporation, sputtering, ion plating, and slurry sintering. .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9606178A JPS5524928A (en) | 1978-08-07 | 1978-08-07 | Forming of covering on metal base |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9606178A JPS5524928A (en) | 1978-08-07 | 1978-08-07 | Forming of covering on metal base |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5524928A JPS5524928A (en) | 1980-02-22 |
JPS6132392B2 true JPS6132392B2 (en) | 1986-07-26 |
Family
ID=14154913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP9606178A Granted JPS5524928A (en) | 1978-08-07 | 1978-08-07 | Forming of covering on metal base |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5524928A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4707266A (en) * | 1982-02-05 | 1987-11-17 | Pall Corporation | Polyamide membrane with controlled surface properties |
US4571983A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-02-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Refractory metal coated metal-working dies |
JPS61279663A (en) * | 1985-06-04 | 1986-12-10 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Production of composite metallic material |
JPH0570221U (en) * | 1991-02-16 | 1993-09-24 | é«å蟲æ©æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | Manure spreader |
DE19807636C1 (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-11-18 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Process for producing a corrosion and oxidation resistant slip layer |
JP2007262447A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Oxidation-resistant film and its deposition method, thermal barrier coating, heat-resistant member, and gas turbine |
US10533255B2 (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2020-01-14 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Slurry formulations for formation of reactive element-doped aluminide coatings and methods of forming the same |
-
1978
- 1978-08-07 JP JP9606178A patent/JPS5524928A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5524928A (en) | 1980-02-22 |
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