JPS61292596A - Compression volume-reducing treater for solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing the volume of combustible or non-combustible miscellaneous solid waste by compression.
This invention relates to a press device that reduces the volume of miscellaneous solid waste packed in cylindrical containers such as drums and solidifies the cylindrical containers together.

(Prior art) Combustible or non-combustible cone-shaped and male-like miscellaneous solid wastes are treated by incineration, compaction, etc., depending on their properties, and then disposed of in a landfill or disposed of as useful materials. It is usually reused. However, among these miscellaneous solid wastes, waste contaminated with radioactivity (hereinafter referred to as Radioactive waste (hereinafter referred to as radioactive waste) and waste contaminated with toxic substances (hereinafter referred to as toxic waste) generated from the manufacturing process or handling process of toxic substances (hereinafter referred to as toxic waste) cannot be easily disposed of. Currently, it is kept in-house. In this case, in order to prevent the scattering of radioactive or toxic substances from the waste and the spread of contamination, the waste is usually packed and stored in cylindrical containers such as drums, but the amount of storage increases. With the aim of saving storage space, some combustible wastes are now being reduced in volume by incineration, and some non-combustible wastes, in particular, are being reduced in volume by compression. It's starting.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Compression treatment is the simplest volume reduction treatment method and is characterized by the fact that almost no secondary waste is generated during the treatment. The compression treatment method that is used in places, for example, involves opening the lid of a drum, etc., and compressing the waste inside the drum using a press ram, which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drum, to reduce its volume. ,
There is a risk of scattering of radioactivity or the spread of contamination, and there are drawbacks such as the inability to obtain an initial volume reduction effect due to springback for waste that has a large restoring force. In addition, for example, as methods for compressing and reducing the volume of waste in drums, methods have been devised in which a drum containing waste is uniaxially compressed within a cylindrical sleeve, and a triaxial compression method in which compressive force is applied from each of three directions. The former has the disadvantage that the outer diameter of the compressed waste drum (hereinafter referred to as compressed pieces) is the same as or slightly larger than the original drum, so a container such as a drum of a new size is required to store the compressed pieces. Although the latter can overcome the drawbacks of the former, it has the disadvantage that the three-way compression sag compression device is complicated and large, and the equipment cost is high.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to compress and reduce the volume of solid waste by only unidirectional compression, and to enable rational handling of the waste container. The purpose is to provide a processing device. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a compression and volume reduction treatment apparatus capable of compressing and reducing the volume of waste contained in a cylindrical container into a square or hexagonal cross-sectional shape.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The solid waste compression volume reduction treatment apparatus of the present invention has a cylindrical compressed container that stores combustible or non-combustible miscellaneous solid waste therein. In a compression volume reduction processing device comprising a sleeve and a press ram that presses a cylindrical container to be compressed from the upper part, the compression sleeve comprises an upper straight part, a lower straight part narrower than the upper straight part, and an intermediate tapered part. The press ram is characterized by comprising a double press ram having an outer press ram that can be engaged with the lower straight part and a pushing press ram that is provided inside the outer press ram so as to be movable up and down.

(Function) In the present invention, the cylindrical container to be compressed housed in the compression sleeve is pushed into the tapered portion by the double press ram by the outer periphery press ram and the pushing press ram, and then the outer periphery press ram The cylindrical container to be compressed is pushed into the lower straight part by a pushing press ram installed inside the container so that it can be raised and lowered, and the outer periphery press ram and the pushing press ram work together in the lower straight part to compress and reduce the volume of the cylindrical container to be compressed. It has become Therefore, the outer dimensions or outer diameter of the compressed pieces that have been compressed and reduced in volume can be made smaller than the outer dimensions or outer diameter of the original cylindrical container to be compressed before compression. A plurality of waste containers can be stored again in a container such as a drum that has the same dimensions as the storage container, allowing rational handling of the waste storage container. Moreover, the storage efficiency can also be improved by making the cross-sectional shape of the compressed piece square or hexagonal.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below using a case where the waste storage container is a drum as an example.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the compression and volume reduction processing apparatus of the present invention. In this embodiment, a frame 1 is rigidly mounted on a base 2, and on this frame 1, for example, 1000
) A hydraulic cylinder 3 is provided.

A slide base 4 is slidably provided on the central upper surface of the base 2, and a compression sleeve 5 is installed on the slide base 4. The compression sleeve 5 is composed of a right cylindrical upper straight part 5a, an intermediate tapered part 5b, and a right cylindrical lower straight part 5C, and the inner diameter of the lower straight part 5C is smaller than the outer diameter of the waste storage drum 6. have. A double press ram 7 consisting of an outer periphery press ram 7a and a pushing press ram 7b is attached to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3. The outer press ram 7a is sized to be able to engage with the lower straight portion 5C of the compression sleeve 5.

The pushing press ram 7b is used to prevent the waste drum 6 from being caught between the compression sleeve 5 and the outer press ram 7a when the waste drum 6 is pushed by the outer press ram 7a and passes through the tapered part 5b. It is used to push the material drum 6 into the lower straight part 5C of the compression sleeve 5. Additionally, a groove 9 is provided on the outer periphery of the compression sleeve 5.
is provided and engages the sleeve lifting device 8.

FIGS. 2(a) to 2(e) are diagrams for explaining a method of actually performing compression and volume reduction using the compression and volume reduction processing apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. First, slide base 4
After the compression sleeve 5 is moved from directly under the double press ram 7 by sliding the waste drum 6 into the compression sleeve and the compression sleeve 5,
Then, slide the slide base 4 again to return it to its original position, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 2(a). Next, the outer circumferential press ram 7a and the pushing press ram 7b are made to work together to push the waste drum 6 into the lower straight portion 5C of the compression sleeve 5, as shown in FIG. 2(b). At this time, do not push in too deeply, as the waste drum 6 will be caught between the compression sleeve 5 and the outer press ram 7a. After that, the 21st ffl
As shown in (C), the press ram 7b for pushing is operated to push the waste drum 6 into the lower straight portion 5C of the compression sleeve 5. Next, as shown in FIG. 2(d), the outer circumferential press ram 7a is lowered and the pushing press ram 7b is housed therein, and then the outer circumferential press ram 7a and the pushing press ram 7b are made to work together as shown in FIG. 2(e). Compress to obtain compressed pieces as shown in .

Thereafter, the sleeve lifting device 8 is activated to lift the compression sleeve 5 and slide the slide base 4 to transport the compression piece to the outside of the apparatus. A plurality of transported compressed pieces are stored in the original drum.

The present invention is not limited only to the embodiments described above, and numerous modifications and changes are possible. For example, in the embodiment described above, the press ram 7b for pushing is used, but it is also possible to use a removable spacer for pushing. Further, in the above-described embodiments, the compression sleeve and the outer press ram have circular cross-sectional shapes, but they may also have polygonal shapes such as quadrangular or hexagonal shapes. In this case, it is possible to mold the compressed piece into a smaller size than the polygon circumscribing the outer diameter of the original drum, and the storage efficiency of the compressed piece can be improved.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the detailed explanation above, according to the solid waste compression and volume reduction treatment apparatus of the present invention, the compression container can be moved between the compression sleeve and the press ram by compression in only one direction. Waste can be compressed and reduced in volume without swallowing the entire container. In addition, since the outer dimensions or outer diameter of the compressed pieces can be made smaller than the outer dimensions or outer diameter of the original compressed container before compression, the compressed pieces can be made into a drum can, etc. that has the same dimensions as the waste storage container before compression. A plurality of waste containers can be stored again in the same storage container, allowing rational handling of waste containers.

Furthermore, if the cross-sectional shape of the compressed piece is made into a polygonal shape such as a quadrangle or a hexagon, the storage efficiency of the compressed piece can be increased.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the compression and volume reduction processing device of the present invention, and Figs. 2 (a) to (e) are diagrams for explaining the method of actually performing the compression and volume reduction processing. be. 1... Frame 2... Base 3... Hydraulic cylinder 4... Slide base 5... Compression sleeve 5a... Upper straight part 5b...
Tapered part 5C...Lower straight part 6...
・Waste drum 7...Double press ram 7a...
・Outer periphery press ram 7b...Pushing press ram 8-Sleeve lifting device 9...Groove

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Composed of a compression sleeve that houses a cylindrical container to be compressed containing combustible or non-combustible miscellaneous solid waste therein, and a press ram that presses the cylindrical container to be compressed from above. In a compression volume reduction processing device, a compression sleeve includes an upper straight part, a lower straight part narrower than the upper straight part, and an intermediate tapered part, an outer press ram that can be engaged with the lower straight part, and the outer press ram. 1. An apparatus for compressing and reducing the volume of solid waste, comprising: a press ram for pushing, which is movable up and down inside the press ram; and a double press ram. 2. The solid waste compression and volume reduction treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the inside of the compression sleeve and the shape of the press ram are circular, square, or hexagonal.