【考案の詳細な説明】[Detailed explanation of the idea]
本考案は、細物（導体断面積0.4mm以下）の自
動車用電線に用いられる撚線導体に関するもので
ある。
自動車の配線に使用される電線は、回路数の増
加と共に、配線スペースの縮減や軽量化の要求と
共に、必要に応じた細線化要求が高まつて来た。
自動車の配線は、一般にワイヤハーネスと呼ば
れる、予め配線したい形に組立てた電線を、自動
車組立て時に組付けられる。そしてその回路は半
数以上が信号伝達回路であり、余り大きな電流は
一般に流れることがない。このような回路であつ
ても、従来或る程度太い導体が使用されるのは、
必ずしも電流容量的に必要だからではなく、端子
付けした組立電線の自動車への組付け加工時など
の機械的信頼性が要求されるためであり、そのた
め、重量が重く、配線スペースを多く要し、又省
資源上好ましくない欠点があつた。
第１図は従来の自動車用電線の例を示す断面図
で、軟銅素線１の例えば７本を撚合せた撚線導体
の周りに、塩化ビニル等の絶縁被覆３を施したも
のである。
このような電線は、例えばJISC3406「自動車
用ビニル絶縁低圧電線（略称、AV）では0.5SQ
と呼称されており、その最小導体サイズは７／
0.32mm又は20／0.18mmである。
このような軟銅撚線導体では、その端子付け部
が弱いので、素線をすべてリン青銅線とすること
が考えられるが、リン青銅線は線ぐせが悪く、素
線のすべてをリ青銅線とした撚線は取扱い上問題
があり、又導電率が軟銅の約1/10と低下しすぎる
ため、使用できない。
又一部を鉄系材料に替えて用いることは、耐食
性に問題がある。
本考案は、上述の問題点を解決するため成され
たもので、従来の銅撚線導体の一部の素線をリン
青銅素線に置換えて撚合せることにより、端子付
け部での端子固着力や繰返し屈曲等の強度を向上
し、それにより細物化を達成し得ると共に、耐食
性、電気接続性も十分な自動車用電線導体を提供
することが目的である。
本考案は、銅素線とリン青銅素線を撚合せて成
ることを特徴とする導体断面積0.4mm以下の自動
車用電線である。
本考案において、リン青銅素線は、錫１〜12
％、リン0.5％までを含む銅合金線で、これを用
いる理由は、上述端子付け部での端子固着力や繰
返し屈曲に対して改善効果が生じるのみならず、
銅素線や端子金具の銅又は銅合金と接触しても接
触腐食の問題が生じないためである。
第２図イ，ロ，ハはそれぞれ本考案の実施例を
用いた自動車電線を示す断面図である。図におい
て１は銅素線、２はリン青銅素線であり、リン青
銅素線２を、イ図では中心に１本、ロ図では外層
に向い合せて２本、ハ図では外層に等間隔に３本
配置している。これらの撚線導体の周りには塩化
ビニル等の絶縁被覆３が施されている。
本考案において、撚線を構成する素線の本数は
２本以上何本でも良く、又銅素線とリン青銅素線
の割合は特に制限がなく、各々の本数は１本以上
何本でも良い。しかしリン青銅素線は線ぐせが悪
いので、全素線数の半数以下が望ましい。
又、それらの配置は第２図イ，ロ，ハに示すも
のに限られるものではない。又リン青銅素線の線
径は、必ずしも銅素線に等しくする必要がなく、
銅素線に比べ、多少太くても細くても良い。
又本考案に用いられる銅素線およびリン青銅素
線は、これらの線に錫又は半田めつきを施したも
のであつても良い。
実施例：
通常の軟銅素線およびSn8.0％、P0.2％のリン
青銅素線を用い、表１に示すビニル絶縁低圧電線
を作成した。これらの電線に圧着端子を加締め接
続した。
The present invention relates to a stranded conductor used in thin (conductor cross-sectional area: 0.4 mm or less) automotive electric wire. With the increase in the number of circuits used in the wiring of automobiles, there have been increasing demands for smaller wiring spaces and weight reductions, as well as demands for thinner wires as necessary. Wiring for an automobile is generally done by using electric wires called a wire harness, which are preassembled into the desired wiring shape, and assembled when the automobile is assembled. More than half of these circuits are signal transmission circuits, and generally large currents do not flow through them. Conventionally, even in such a circuit, a somewhat thick conductor is used because
This is not necessarily because it is necessary in terms of current capacity, but because mechanical reliability is required when assembling assembled wires with terminals into automobiles, etc. Therefore, they are heavy and require a lot of wiring space. In addition, there were disadvantages that were undesirable in terms of resource conservation. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional electric wire for automobiles, in which an insulating coating 3 of vinyl chloride or the like is applied around a stranded conductor made of, for example, seven annealed copper wires 1 twisted together. Such electric wires are, for example, 0.5SQ according to JISC3400 ``Vinyl insulated low voltage electric wires for automobiles (abbreviated as AV)''.
The minimum conductor size is 7/
It is 0.32mm or 20/0.18mm. In such an annealed copper stranded wire conductor, the terminal attachment part is weak, so it is conceivable to use phosphor bronze wire for all the strands, but phosphor bronze wire does not curl easily, so it is recommended to use phosphor bronze wire for all the strands. This stranded wire is difficult to handle, and its conductivity is too low, about 1/10 that of annealed copper, so it cannot be used. Furthermore, using a part of the material instead of iron-based materials poses a problem in corrosion resistance. The present invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by replacing some of the strands of the conventional copper stranded conductor with phosphor bronze strands and twisting them together, the terminals can be fixed at the terminal attachment part. The object of the present invention is to provide an electric wire conductor for automobiles that has improved strength in terms of adhesion and repeated bending, thereby achieving thinness, and also has sufficient corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity. The present invention is an electric wire for automobiles with a conductor cross-sectional area of 0.4 mm or less, which is made by twisting copper wire and phosphor bronze wire. In the present invention, the phosphor bronze wire has a tin content of 1 to 12
%, up to 0.5% phosphorus.The reason for using this is that it not only improves the terminal fixing force and repeated bending at the terminal attachment part mentioned above, but also
This is because the problem of contact corrosion does not occur even if the copper wire or the copper or copper alloy of the terminal fitting come into contact. FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are cross-sectional views showing an automobile electric wire using an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. In the figure, 1 is a copper wire, 2 is a phosphor bronze wire, and the phosphor bronze wire 2 is one in the center in Figure A, two facing each other on the outer layer in Figure B, and equally spaced on the outer layer in Figure C. There are three pipes placed in the area. An insulating coating 3 made of vinyl chloride or the like is applied around these stranded conductors. In the present invention, the number of strands constituting the stranded wire may be any number from 2 to any number, and the ratio of copper strands to phosphor bronze strands is not particularly limited, and the number of each strand may be from 1 to any number. . However, since phosphor bronze strands have poor wire curl, it is desirable to use less than half of the total number of strands. Further, their arrangement is not limited to those shown in FIG. 2, A, B, and C. Also, the wire diameter of the phosphor bronze wire does not necessarily have to be equal to that of the copper wire;
It may be slightly thicker or thinner than copper wire. Further, the copper wire and phosphor bronze wire used in the present invention may be those wires plated with tin or solder. Example: Vinyl insulated low-voltage electric wires shown in Table 1 were created using a normal annealed copper wire and a phosphor bronze wire containing 8.0% Sn and 0.2% P. Crimp terminals were crimped and connected to these wires.
【表】
得られた電線について、被覆電線外径、単位長
当りの導体および被覆電線重量、導体の端子付け
部の端子固着力および繰返し屈曲回数を調査した
結果は表１に示す通りであ。
なお、端子固着力は、端子付け部を長手方向に
引張つて導体が破断又は抜ける荷重であり、繰返
し屈曲回数は、端子金具を固定して繰返し屈曲さ
せて破断するまでの回数である。
表１より、本考案によるNo.１，２，３，は、従
来例のNo.５に比べ、被覆電線の外径、重量が非常
に小さいにも拘わらず、端子付け部での繰返し屈
曲回数が格段に優れていることが分る。端子固着
力は少し劣るが、実用上十分である。又外径、重
量を本考案によるものに近くした比較例のNo.４
は、端子固着力および繰返し屈曲回数が格段に低
く、使用に耐えない。
以上述べたように、本考案の自動車電線導体
は、銅素線とリン青銅素線を撚合せて成るため、
リン青銅素線が引張力、繰返し屈曲に対し強いの
で、撚線導体の圧縮端子等の端子付け部での端子
固着力や繰返し屈曲等の強度を著しく向上する効
果があり、これにより、細物（導体断面積0.4mm2
以下）の自動車電線において、従来の軟銅撚線使
用の電線に比べ、細く、重量を軽くでき、細物化
を達成し得る効果がある。
又本考案の電線導体は、リン青銅素線が銅素線
や端子金具の銅又は銅合金に接触しても、接触腐
食の不安がなく、かつ良好な電気的接触が得られ
るので、耐食性および電気信号の電気的接続が十
分な自動車電線を提供し得る利点がある。[Table] Table 1 shows the results of investigating the outer diameter of the coated wire, the weight of the conductor and coated wire per unit length, the terminal fixing force of the terminal attachment part of the conductor, and the number of repeated bendings for the obtained wire. Note that the terminal fixing force is the load that causes the conductor to break or come off by pulling the terminal attachment part in the longitudinal direction, and the number of repeated bending times is the number of times the terminal fitting is fixed and repeatedly bent until it breaks. From Table 1, it can be seen that Nos. 1, 2, and 3 according to the present invention have a much smaller outer diameter and weight of the covered wire than the conventional example No. 5, but the number of times of repeated bending at the terminal attachment part is is found to be significantly superior. Although the terminal adhesion strength is slightly inferior, it is sufficient for practical use. Comparative example No. 4 whose outer diameter and weight are close to those of the present invention.
The terminal adhesion force and the number of repeated bending times are extremely low, making it unusable. As mentioned above, since the automotive wire conductor of the present invention is made by twisting copper wire and phosphor bronze wire,
Since the phosphor bronze wire is strong against tensile force and repeated bending, it has the effect of significantly improving the terminal adhesion force and strength against repeated bending at terminal attachment parts such as compressed terminals of stranded wire conductors. (Conductor cross-sectional area 0.4mm 2
The following automotive wires can be thinner and lighter in weight than conventional wires using stranded annealed copper wires, and have the effect of achieving thinner products. In addition, the electric wire conductor of the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance and good electrical contact even if the phosphor bronze wire comes into contact with the copper wire or the copper or copper alloy of the terminal fitting without fear of contact corrosion. There is an advantage that the electrical connection of the electrical signals can provide sufficient automotive electrical wiring.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]
第１図は従来の自動車電線の例を示す断面図で
ある。第２図イ，ロ，ハはそれぞれ本考案の実施
例を用いた自動車電線を示す断面図である。
１……銅素線、２……リン青銅素線、３……絶
縁被覆。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional automobile electric wire. FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are cross-sectional views showing an automobile electric wire using an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. 1... Copper wire, 2... Phosphor bronze wire, 3... Insulating coating.