JPS6128590A - Metal working oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a metal working oil which has excellent emulsion stability and lubricity and can be used as both aq. and nonaqueous metal working oils, containing a maleinized product of a hydrogenated fish oil having a specified viscosity range. CONSTITUTION:Refined fish oil is hydrogenated in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst in a conventional manner to such an extent that a product having an iodine value of 50-120 is obtd. The titled metal working oil contains a maleinized product having a viscosity of 40-20,000cP at 38.8 deg.C obtd. by reacting said hydrogenated fish oil with maleic anhydride in the presence or absence of a catalyst at 150-250 deg.C. When the maleinized oil is used as a blend with animal and vegetable oil, mineral oil, other oiliness improver, extreme-pressure additive, etc., it is preferred to use at least 4% maleinized oil from the viewpoint of lubricity in metal working. When used as an aq. metal working oil, the quantity of a surfactant to be used is very small and a metal working oil which little bubbles can be obtd. Further, oil-soluble metal working oil or lubricating oil contg. said maleinized oil exhibits very excellent lubricity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a metalworking oil, and more specifically, a metalworking oil with excellent emulsion stability and lubricity that can be used for both aqueous and non-aqueous metalworking oils. This relates to metal working oil.

Examples of metalworking oils include cutting oil, grinding oil, rolling oil,
Pressing oil, drawing oil, plastic working oil, etc. Depending on the name and usage depending on the processing method, there are various classifications such as water-soluble metal working oil used in aqueous systems and oil-soluble metal working oils used in non-aqueous systems (oils and fats). Such metalworking oil compositions include
As oiliness improvers for base oils, natural or synthetic compounds such as higher fatty acids, higher fatty acid esters, animal and vegetable oils, dimer acids, trimer acids, and polybutenes are generally used. However, it is not fully satisfactory in terms of lubricity, and in order to improve its performance, more additives are added.

In addition to the base oil, oiliness improvers are added to water-soluble metalworking oils, but in order to emulsify or solubilize these oil components, large amounts of several types of surfactants are not used. A stable emulsified dispersion or solubilized system cannot be obtained. Emulsification or solubilization with a large amount of surfactant not only reduces the lubricity but also generates a large amount of foam during use, which causes undesirable problems in the processing process.

The present invention was developed as a result of studies to solve these drawbacks of conventional metal working oils. Specifically, the present invention hydrogenates fish oil to obtain hydrogenated fish oil with an iodine value of 50 to 120. , obtained by reacting it with maleic anhydride,
A maleated hydrogenated fish oil having a viscosity in the range of 40 to 20,000 centipoise at 38.8°C (hereinafter referred to as "maleated oil") is mixed with a base oil, additives, and an emulsifier. There is something that will become.

The higher the concentration of the maleated oil of the present invention, the higher the lubricity obtained, but when used in combination with animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, other oiliness improvers, and extreme pressure additives, A compound containing at least 4% of is preferable from the viewpoint of lubricity in metal working, and if it is less than this, the effect will be significantly reduced. Furthermore, since the maleated oil used in this application has self-emulsifying properties, when used as a water-based metalworking oil, the amount of surfactant used is extremely small, which is not only economical but also , a metalworking oil with significantly less foaming can be obtained. On the other hand, mineral oil or synthetic lubricating base oil
Alternatively, oil-soluble metal working oils and lubricating oils in which the maleated oil of the present invention is blended with animal and vegetable oils and fats exhibit extremely excellent lubricity.

The features of the present invention are obtained by maleating semi-hydrogenated fish oil, which has been hydrogenated to a particularly appropriate range. Fish oil has a history of being polymerized and used in the field of lubricants, but although fish oil is the only domestically produced oil, its usage has been decreasing in recent years. This is because fish oil, unlike other animal and vegetable oils, has a strong fishy odor, is difficult to completely deodorize, and contains a large amount of polyunsaturated acids that are not found in other fats and oils, making it unstable to heat. This is because there are many technical issues that need to be resolved, such as the fact that

The α company-added fish extraction maraine oil vehicle of the present invention is produced by firstly hydrogenating refined fish oil using a hydrogenation catalyst in a conventional manner to achieve an iodine value of 50 to 1.
After hydrogenation to 20', maleic anhydride is treated without catalyst or using known catalysts for maleation.
It is obtained by reacting at 150 to 250°C. The type of fish oil used in the present invention is not limited as long as it is not significantly oxidized or polymerized. However, fish oil purified by conventional methods is preferred. The hydrogenation reaction is carried out using conventional hydrogenation conditions and catalysts. For example, using a nickel-based catalyst at 0.2 to 1.0% by weight based on oil and fat, at a hydrogen pressure of 1.0 to 4.0 kg/cm2, and at a temperature of 16
The hydrogenation reaction is carried out at 0-200°C. The iodine value after hydrogenation is 50 to 120, preferably 60 to 100. If the iodine value (hereinafter referred to as rlVJ) is less than 50, the maleation reaction will not proceed (and the melting point of the maleated fish oil produced will be high and the lubricity will not be sufficient.
In the above case, the fishy odor is strong, and the production thereof is limited on an industrial scale. The reaction molar ratio of hydrogenated fish oil and maleic anhydride is 0.1 to 40 mol of maleic anhydride to 1 mol of hydrogenated fish oil,
Preferably, a reaction product of 0.5 to 2.5 moles is suitable for use as a metal working oil. If the number of moles of maleic anhydride is 0.1 to 0.5 moles, the lubricating performance will be slightly reduced. Moreover, at 2.5 to 40 moles, the lubricating performance is sufficient, but it can be used sufficiently for mineral oil.

A viscosity in the range of 40 to 20,000 has the best compatibility with other oils and fats and mineral oil, and has excellent lubricity. When the viscosity is 40 or less, the compatibility with other oils is good, but the lubricity is not sufficient.It is known that when the viscosity is 2000 or more, vegetable oils and fats are maleated, but the products are complex and there are many types. It is also known that this reaction occurs. In particular, when maleating hydrogenated fish oil obtained by hydrogenating fish oil containing a large amount of highly unsaturated acids, the reaction products are estimated to be different and more complex than other animal and vegetable oils. are doing. However, the reaction and reaction products have not been completely analyzed. However, as a result of repeated studies, it has been found that the features of the present invention can be obtained if the maleated oil has reached a limited viscosity as in the present invention. animal and vegetable oils,
It may be mixed with esters, synthetic oils and mineral oils and used for similar purposes. Furthermore, known lubricating oil additives, such as extreme pressure additives, antioxidants, antifoaming agents, surfactants, etc., may be optionally added for that purpose to the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention. The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Refined fish oil with an iodine value of 175 was treated with 04% Ni-based catalyst using a conventional method.
, hydrogenated at a hydrogen pressure of 1.5 kg/cm2 and a temperature of 160±2°C to obtain hydrogenated fish oil with an iodine value of 91 and an acid value of 0.5.

05 moles of maleic anhydride to 1 mole of this hydrogenated fish oil is 31!
Example 2: Reaction at 180°C for 3 hours using a 3-turbo flask Iodine value: 61, acid value: 0 obtained under the same conditions as Example 1
．． 5 mol of hydrogenated fish oil and 2 mol of maleic anhydride 31!
Example 3 1 mole of maleic anhydride was added to 1 mole of hydrogenated fish oil with an iodine value of 71 and an acid value of O15 obtained under the conditions of Example 1 at 1900C for 2 hours using a 3E3 Tulo flask for 170C for 5 hours. The m-maleinides obtained in Reaction and Soil Capture Examples 1 to 3 were used alone or in combination as shown in Table 1, and their emulsifying properties and lubricating properties were evaluated.

As a comparative example, beef tallow with an emulsifier added was used.

Table-1 ESI was measured and shown in Table-2.

Table 2 *Leave pressure on wound pressure 1) Emulsification separation test method 1 ton of 5% solution of each sample! 800m to the tall beaker of
After stirring for 5 minutes using a homomixer, the amount of separated oil layer was measured after an elapsed time of 2 minutes and 5 minutes, and expressed as a percentage of the amount of sample oil charged.

2) ESI (Emulsification Stability Index) 596 solutions of each sample were placed in 11 tall beakers at 800 m
I! After stirring for 5 minutes using a homomixer at room temperature, 300 tl' was immediately collected into a separating funnel, and after 2 minutes, 100 ml each from the upper and lower layers was collected. Take out the emulsions, measure the oil content in each, and calculate E by the following formula.
SI was calculated.

Next, as tests of lubrication performance, a load bearing capacity test, a ring compression test, and a rolling test were conducted. The method was as described below. The results are shown in Table-3, Table-4, and Figure-1.

2 Load-bearing capacity test, shell-type high-speed four-ball friction tester 172-inch ball measurement temperature 50±2℃ Bean cake rotation speed 1500 rpm Table 3 3-ring compression test Compression load 80 t i1 ring dimensions Outer diameter 20 mm, inner diameter 10 mm thickness 5m
m Measurement temperature Room temperature Table-4 4. Rolling test Rolling machine: Four-high rolling mill Work roll diameter: 150 mm 11140 mm Backup roll diameter: 250 mm Width: 140 mm Roll material: Nichrome steel Roll circumferential speed: 30 m/min Rolling material: '5PC -C Thickness 0.60 mm l!2) was measured, and the rolling reduction was determined using the following formula.

Further, the rolling load (ton) at that time was measured using a load cell.

Lubricating method: At a concentration of 5% (by weight) of the sample, the sample was stirred with a homomixer at 50° C. to form an emulsion, and during rolling, the chewing portion of the steel plate and the rolls were sprayed with oil and rolled.

5. Results i) As shown in Table 2, Example 1.3 of the present invention is semi-
It shows a tight emulsion and shows extremely high emulsion stability even without the addition of an emulsifier, whereas the emulsion stability is poor with only beef tallow. need to be added.

ii) The results of the load-bearing capacity shown in Table 3 and the friction coefficient shown in Table-4 show that all the products containing the maleated oil of the present invention have lower load-bearing capacity and friction than the target samples (beef tallow, rapeseed oil). Both coefficients are excellent, indicating high lubricity.

1ii) From the results of the rolling test shown in Figure 1, Nα1 to Nα6 of the examples of the present invention all have lower levels compared to N07 (beef tallow).
It shows excellent rolling performance, and the results in Table 2 show that even if the emulsion stability is the same, there is a significant difference in rolling performance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing shows the rolling performance of the composition shown in Table 1 with the rolling load (t
FIG. 2 is a rolling performance comparison diagram shown by the relationship between (on) and rolling reduction (2).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Obtained by reacting hydrogenated fish oil with an iodine value of 50 to 120 with maleic anhydride.
A metalworking oil characterized in that it contains a maleated hydrogenated fish oil having a viscosity of 0 centipoise.