JPS61285673A - Manufacture of thermal cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily assemble a thermal cell which is characterized by early voltage rising and small internal resistance and include a thin battery case cover by using a heating cellular array. CONSTITUTION:A heating cellular array 1 consists of cell units each consisting of a positive layer 2 composed of a positive powder, an electrolyte layer 3 composed of an electrolyte powder, a negative layer 4 composed of a negative powder and a heating layer 5 consisting of a heating powder composed of iron powder and potassium perchlorate powder. It is formed by packing these powders in that order repeatedly 10 times into the space formed by an under metal mold 101 and a middle metal mold 102 and then placing an over metal mold 103 over the packed powders before they are compressed and molded with a pressure of 2t/cm<2>. The positive powder consists of an iron sulfide powder of 50 mesh. The electrolyte powder consists of a mixture of 100-300 mesh which is composed of a potassium chloride-lithium chloride eutectic salt and magnesium oxide. The negative powder is prepared by pulverizing a lithium alloy powder such as Li-Al, Li-Si or Li-B into a powder of 50 to 200 mesh.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for manufacturing a high-voltage thermal battery in which a large number of powder-molded power generation cells and exothermic agents are connected and stacked in series.

A thermal battery is a battery whose electrolyte is an inorganic salt that is solid and non-conductive at room temperature, but melts and becomes conductive at high temperatures.It is a highly reliable battery that can discharge large currents at high voltages. It is. This thermal battery has no self-discharge during storage at room temperature.
It is a reserve type battery that can be stored for more than 10 years and is started by igniting a heat generating agent built into the battery. It has the advantage that a predetermined high voltage can be obtained in a compact form.

For this reason, it is put into practical use as a power source for various flying objects such as rockets, or as various types of emergency RAM.

2. Description of the Related Art In order to reduce the high voltage of a conventional thermal battery, a predetermined number of separately manufactured cell pellets and exothermic agents are laminated (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 169074/1983).

In calcium chromate-calcium thermal batteries, it was common to laminate three types: a cathode layer and an electrolyte layer integrated by powder pressure molding, a negative electrode calcium plate, and a heat generating agent. . In addition, in iron sulfide-lithium alloy thermal batteries, it is common to make ff1m of two types: a power generation cell pellet made by integrating the three layers of a positive electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a negative layer by powder pressure molding, and a heat generating agent. Met.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the production of conventional thermal batteries, the power generation cell and the heat generating agent are molded separately, and when the battery is assembled, the two are alternately stacked. In order to ensure sufficient adhesion, pressure had to be constantly applied in the vertical direction of the laminate. For this reason, it was necessary to make the battery case/cover durable, and a complicated process of welding by applying compressive force was required during assembly. Furthermore, if the adhesion between the power generation cell and the exothermic agent is poor, heat transfer will also be poor, resulting in a slow voltage rise. Furthermore, when the power generating cell and the heat generating cell are made separately, it is difficult to make a thin power generating cell of 11 or less, which makes it difficult to make a battery with a small internal resistance.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention involves sequentially filling a mold with four layers of positive electrode powder, electrolyte powder, negative electrode powder, and exothermic powder that is conductive even after combustion, into a mold for a predetermined number of times, and then applying pressure. By using a multi-cell/heat-generating laminate that is integrated by molding, it is possible to manufacture a high-voltage thermal battery.

Function: The power generation cell part consisting of the positive electrode powder, electrolyte powder, and negative electrode powder and the exothermic agent are in contact with each other as powders, and are then integrated under pressure, so that the 1951 between them is extremely good.

In addition, since multiple cells and heat generating laminates are made in one process,
The manufacturing process is simplified, there is no need to apply pressure when welding the battery case/cover, and the wall thickness of the battery case/cover can be made thinner.

In the present invention, a heat generating agent that remains conductive even after combustion is used for the electrical series connection of power generation cells, and the heat generating agent is 85% iron powder and 15% potassium perchlorate powder. A typical example is an exothermic mixture of Since the iron content is high, the exothermic agent with this composition retains a large amount of iron even after the exothermic reaction, and has sufficient conductivity to connect the power generation cells.

Each powder may be filled into a mold and, if necessary, pressure-molded at a pressure lower than the final pressure-molding pressure before final pressure-molding.

Example In FIG. 1, 1 is a multi-cell heat generating laminate, and the positive electrode J! is made of positive electrode powder. i2, an electrolyte layer 3 made of electrolyte powder, a negative electrode layer 4 made of negative electrode powder, and a heat generating layer 5 made of heat generating agent powder made of iron powder and potassium perchlorate powder are made into one set, and this is combined with the lower mold 101. The mixture is sequentially filled into the middle mold 102 repeatedly 10 times, and the upper mold 103 is placed thereon and pressure molded at a pressure of 2 t/cnf. The positive electrode powder is 50 meshes of iron sulfide powder, the electrolyte powder is a mixture of 100 meshes to 300 meshes of calcium chloride-lithium chloride eutectic salt and magnesium oxide, and the negative electrode powder is a lithium alloy powder, such as Ll-AI, Ll-Sl and Ll-8 are ground from 50 meshes to 200 meshes.

Figure 2 shows a thermal battery constructed using a multi-cell heat generating V4 layered structure manufactured by the above method, in which a positive electrode current collector plate 6 is placed at the bottom of the multi-cell heat generating layered structure 1, and a negative electrode is placed above. A current collector plate 7 is arranged. 8 is an igniter made of a mixture of barium chromate and zirconium. 9 is an ignition ball, 10 is an ignition terminal, 11 is a negative terminal, 12 is a positive terminal, 13 is a negative electrode lead wire, 14 is a positive electrode lead wire, 15 is a heat insulator, 16 is a metal battery case, 17 is each terminal A gold IgA cover is insulated with glass and penetrated, and 18 is a welded joint between the battery case 16 and the cover 17.

When voltage is applied to the ignition terminal 10 of the battery according to the present invention, the ignition ball 9 ignites, the igniter 8 burns, and the flame ignites the heat generating layer 5 of the multi-cell/heat generating laminate 1. The heat generated is transmitted to the electrolyte layer 3 through the adjacent negative electrode layer 4 and positive electrode layer 2, melting the lithium chloride-potassium chloride eutectic salt (eutectic point 352°C) in the electrolyte layer, and the cell enters the power generation state. . 85% iron powder and 15% potassium perchlorate
The heat-generating layer made of 100% iron remains even after heating, has electrical conductivity, and plays the role of electrically connecting adjacent cells in series.

Effects of the Invention The present invention uses a multi-cell/heat-generating laminate that is integrally molded, making it possible to manufacture a thermal battery that is easy to assemble, has a quick voltage rise, and has low internal resistance using a thin battery case/cover. It is something.

Table 1 shows a comparison between a conventional battery in which a power generation cell and a heat generating agent are molded separately and the two are alternately stacked, and a battery according to the present invention.

Table 1

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing process of a multi-cell heat generating laminate according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a thermal battery manufactured according to the present invention. 1...Multi-cell/heat generating laminate 2-...Positive electrode layer 3...Electrolyte layer λ
7 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] In high-voltage thermal batteries in which a large number of power generation cells and exothermic agents are connected and stacked in series, four layers of positive electrode powder, electrolyte powder, anode powder, and exothermic agent powder that remains conductive even after combustion are sequentially filled into a mold. 1. A method for manufacturing a thermal battery, which comprises repeating this operation a predetermined number of times to obtain an integrated multi-cell/heat-generating laminate by pressure molding.