JPS61283763A - Starter for motorcycle or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prolong the life of a starter motor by always engaging the pinion of the starter motor with a gear transmission mechanism and constituting a cone type torque limitter also used as brake apparatus by press-attaching the both tapered surfaces of the inner peripheral surface of one gear and the rim part of another gear. CONSTITUTION:The revolution torque of the first gear 20 always meshed with the pinion of a starter motor is transmitted to a shaft 19 within the torque capacity range of a torque limitter 23 also used as brake apparatus, and transmitted to a crankshaft through a gear mechanism, one-way clutch, etc. As for the torque limitter 23 also used as brake apparatus, a tapered surface 26a is formed onto the flange 26 of the shaft 19 for screwing the second gear 18, and fitted onto the tapered surface 20a of the first gear 20 in ring form, and a shim 28 and a belleville spring 29 are interposed between the both gears, and a press-contact force is applied onto between the both tapered surfaces. Therefore, the reverse revolution of a gear transmission mechanism is brake- applied by the friction generated between the both tapered surfaces, and the reverse revolution is not transmitted to the pinion before reduction, and the life of the starter motor can be prolonged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to an automatic two-wheel drive system equipped with a starter system gear transmission mechanism that interlocks and connects the pinion gear of a starter motor and a crankshaft.
Related to starting devices for wheeled vehicles, etc.

(Prior art and its problems) In a conventional starting device, at the time of starting, the pinion gear of the starter motor protrudes in the axial direction and meshes with the gear of the gear transmission mechanism.
After starting, the pinion gear retracts.

However, the above-mentioned starting device has the following problems.

(1) When the pinion gear protrudes, a loud popping sound of the pinion gear is generated, and the pinion gear is easily damaged.

(2) It is necessary to incorporate a relay circuit for the ejection operation into the starter motor, which increases the cost of the starter motor.

(3) A large space is required in the axial direction to ensure the protruding stroke of the pinion gear, which poses a problem in compactness.

(4) If a high load is applied to the crankshaft when the starter motor rotates during startup, the gears in the gear transmission mechanism will be damaged.

(5) When the pinion gear of the starter motor is stopped after starting and a reverse phenomenon occurs on the crankshaft, the reverse rotation is transmitted to the pinion gear, causing the pinion gear to rotate at high speed in the reverse direction, which causes the starter motor to rotate in the reverse direction. Bearings inside the motor may be damaged.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the starter system gear transmission mechanism 60
The gear 20 and pinion gear 22 are configured in a constant meshing manner,
Although there is a starter device equipped with a damper mechanism 50 of a coil spring 53 to absorb impact torque, etc., it can only temporarily absorb the impact applied to the crankshaft 2, and moreover, the stopper bin 45 collides every time a reverse rotation phenomenon occurs. As a result, the surface of the bin 55 and the end face of the gear 18.20 are deformed, and the relative rotation of both the gears 18.20 is not performed smoothly, resulting in a rapid deterioration of the function as a damper.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to solve the above problem, the present invention constantly meshes the pinion gear of the starter motor with the gear transmission mechanism, and
A gear transmission mechanism is connected to a crankshaft via a one-way clutch, and the inner circumferential surface of one of the gears in the gear transmission mechanism is formed into a tapered surface, and the tapered surface is formed into an outer circumferential tapered surface of the shaft portion or the other gear. A cone-shaped torque limiter/brake device is constructed by fitting the gear into the outer circumferential tapered surface of the rim part and pressing the tapered surfaces together by axially urging the gear having the tapered surface with a disc spring. are doing.

(Example) Fig. 1 shows a starting device for a motorcycle to which the present invention is applied. In Fig. 1, a crankshaft 2 rotatably supported by a crankcase 1 extends into a crankcase cover 3. A generator hub 5 is fixed to the tip of the crankshaft 2. A flywheel 6 is fixed to the hub 5, and a magnet 7 is fixed to the flywheel 6. A coil 8 facing the magnet 7 is fixed to the crankcase cover 3.

A freewheel gear 10 is arranged next to the hub 5, and the freewheel gear 10 is rotatably supported by the crankshaft 2 via a bearing metal 11, and is connected to the hub 5 via a sprag type one-way clutch 12. are doing.

The outer 13 of the one-way clutch 12 is fixed to the hub 5 by bolts 15, and a cam such as a sprag is arranged between the inner 16 and the outer 13, which are integrated with the freewheel gear 10, to rotate the crankshaft 2 in the forward direction (arrow R). It is configured to transmit only rotational force from the freewheel gear 10 to the crankshaft 2.

The freewheel gear 10 is operatively connected to a pinion gear 22 of a starter motor 21 via a small reduction gear 17a, a large reduction gear 17b, a second starting gear 18, a starting shaft 19, and a ring-shaped first starting gear 20. . Shaft 19 and ring-shaped 11th! A torque limiter/brake device 23 is constructed between the wheels 20. The starting shaft 19 is rotatably supported by the crankcase cover 3 and the gear case 25 via a bearing metal. The outer diameter of the first gear 20 is larger than the outer diameter of the second gear 18, and both cylinders 1 and 2.1! The speed is also reduced by the gear wheel 20.18. Further, the teeth of the first gear 20 are formed in a smaller module than the teeth of the second gear 18. Both reduction gears 17a,
17b are formed integrally with each other and are rotatably supported by a support shaft 27, which is supported by the crankcase cover 3 and gear case 25. There is an IIS inside the crankcase cover 3 that is generated due to the rotation of the crankshaft 2!
I The room is filled with lubricant mist.

The gear transmission mechanism of the starter system from the pinion gear 22 of the starter motor 21 to the freewheel gear 10 of the crankshaft 2 is of a constant mesh type. That is, instead of the conventional type in which the pinion gear of the starter motor protrudes and meshes with the gear only at the time of starting, as shown in the figure, the pinion gear 2 of the starter motor
2 is always meshed with the first gear A720 without moving in the axial direction.

Further, the second gear 18 is always engaged with the reduction hole gear 17b, and the small reduction gear 17a is always engaged with the freewheel gear 10. The reduction ratio of the starter system gear transmission mechanism is, for example, 1/30.
It is. That is, the rotational speed of the starter motor 21 is reduced to 1/30 and transmitted to the crankshaft 2.

In FIG. 2 showing an enlarged view of the torque limiter/brake device M23, an outward facing flange 26 is integrally formed on the shaft 19, and a flange 26 is formed adjacent to the arrow A side (crankcase cover side) of the flange 26. A screw 19a is formed. The outer peripheral surface of the 7 flange 26 is formed as a chipar surface 26a that becomes smaller in diameter as it goes toward the arrow A side, and the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped first gear 20 is formed as a tapered surface 20a that becomes smaller in diameter as it goes toward the arrow A side. , the ring-shaped first gear AA 20 is tapered and fitted into the flange 26.The taper angle θ of both tapered surfaces 20a and 26a is the same,
One tapered surface is formed at an angle (6 degrees in the illustrated embodiment) to prevent it from digging into the other tapered surface. The second gear At 18 is screwed into a male screw 19a, and is integrally provided with a boss portion 18a on the reverse arrow A side, and a metal shim 28 and a disc spring 29 are fitted onto the outer periphery of the boss portion 18a in order from the arrow A side. are doing. Reverse arrow A of boss portion 18a
The side end surface is in contact with the side surface of the flange 26.

The inner peripheral edge of the disc spring 29 is pressed against the second gear 18 via the shim 28, and the outer peripheral end of the disc spring 29 is pressed against the side surface of the first gear 20 on the arrow A side. That is, the disc spring 29 is
It is compressed between the gear 20 and the second gear 18, thereby biasing the first gear A720 in the direction of the reverse arrow, and pushing both the debar surfaces g.
A pressing force is applied between Oa and 26a.

By changing the thickness of the shim 28, the biasing force (set pressure) of the spring 29 can be adjusted, or by changing the thickness of the tapered surface 20.
The maximum torque capacity is adjusted by changing the taper angle θ of a and 26a. In the illustrated embodiment, when the rotational torque reaches 4 to 6 Kyrrt, both tapered surfaces 20a,
Adjustment is made so that there is slippage between 26a.

7 An annular lubricating oil groove 3 is provided on the tapered surface 26a of the flange 26.
1 is formed, and the groove 31 communicates with a screwdriver tool bottle insertion hole 33 via an oil hole 32 perpendicular to the shaft 19. For example, three bottle insertion holes 33 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the end on the reverse arrow A side is open.
A mist of lubricating oil is supplied to the ff1lil oil groove 31 through the bottle insertion hole 33 and the oil hole 32.

(Function) When the starter motor 21 shown in FIG.
The rotational torque transmitted to the gear 20 is controlled by a torque limiter.
The first gear 20 is within the torque capacity range of the brake device 23.
to the shaft 19, and further to the second gear 18 and the reduction gear t.
17b, 17a.

The speed is decelerated and transmitted to the crankshaft 2 via the freewheel gear 10, one-way clutch 12, and hub 5.

Immediately after starting, a reverse rotation phenomenon of the crankshaft 2 (so-called Ketchen phenomenon) occurs, and each gear 10.17a117b, 18.
．． An excessive load may be applied to the shaft 19, but in that case, the rotational torque of the first gear 20 becomes larger than the capacity of the torque limiter/brake device wi 23, so the first gear 20 may slip with respect to the shaft 19. , prevents excessive torque from being applied to the first gear 20, and prevents damage to the first gear 20.

That is, the torque limiter/brake device 'a23 functions as a torque limiter and releases an excessive load.

If a reverse rotation phenomenon occurs in the crankshaft 2 while the starter motor 21 is stopped, the reverse rotation of the crankshaft 2 is accelerated through the freewheel gear 10 etc. and transmitted to the starting shaft 19. Furthermore, an attempt is made to reversely rotate the pinion gear 22 via the first gear 20. Since the torque at the beginning of reverse rotation is very large, the shaft 19 slips against the first gear 20 at the beginning of reverse rotation, and at the same time and thereafter, the reverse rotation of the shaft 19 is braked by the am force between both tapered surfaces 20a and 26a. The rotational speed of the rotor, shaft 19, second gear 18, etc. is reduced.

After the shaft 19 becomes low speed and the torque becomes small, the shaft 19
Since the first gear 20 and the first gear 20 are completely connected, even if the pinion gear 22 rotates in the opposite direction, the speed will be slow and there is no risk of heat damage to the bearings in the starter motor 21. That is, the torque limiter/brake device 23 mainly functions as a brake device and prevents high-speed reverse rotation from being transmitted to the pinion gear.

Torque limiter and brake device f! If a reverse rotation phenomenon occurs in a starter device that is not equipped with a
Furthermore, the reverse rotation speed increases, which may damage the bearings of the starter motor. On the other hand, if you have a tapered surface type torque limiter and brake system that also acts as a brake device, you can release sudden reverse rotation by acting as a torque limiter, as shown in graph x1. At the same time, the reverse rotation speed can be kept low by the braking action, thereby preventing damage to the bearings of the starter motor and the like. The vertical axis in FIG. 6 is the rotational speed of the starter motor, which is measured from the voltage generated by the starter motor, and the horizontal axis is time.

Furthermore, during assembly, if the second gear 18 is tightened and the axial force F of the spring 29 is applied to the first gear 20 as shown in FIG.
becomes very large compared to the axial force F ( F 1-
F/sin θ) Therefore, a large maximum torque capacity can be set with a small contact area.

Further, before assembly, molycoat grease is applied to both tapered surfaces 20a and 26a.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the torque limiter/brake device 2
3 on the first gear 20 closest to the pinion gear, compared to the case where it is provided on the freewheel gear 10 or reduction gears 17a, 17b on the crankshaft 2 side, the maximum torque limiter/brake of the main device 23 itself is Only small torque capacity is required. Therefore, the contact area between the tapered surfaces 20a126a can also be small.

(Another Embodiment) (1) In the embodiment shown in FIG.
is screwed onto the external thread 19a of the shaft 19. Flange 2
A ring-shaped first gear 20 is attached to the outer peripheral tapered surface 26a of 6.
is a tapered fit.

Both tapered surfaces 20a, 26a are inclined so that the diameter becomes smaller toward the arrow A side. That is, by tightening the flange 26 to which the first gear 20 is tapered fitted, the first
A disc spring 29 is compressed between the gear r 20' and the second gear 18 to set the maximum torque capacity. Similarly to FIG. 1, the first gear 20 meshes with the pinion gear of the starter motor, and the second gear 20 meshes with the gear of the crankshaft via a reduction gear, a one-way clutch, etc.

Note that the same parts as in FIG. 2 are given the same part numbers as in FIG. 2. Further, the angle of the tapered surface is suitably between 4 degrees and 8 degrees.

(2) The torque limiter/brake device shown in FIG. 4 extends the rim portion 45 of the second gear 18 in the direction of the reverse arrow A, and forms a tapered surface 45a on the outer peripheral surface of the rim portion 45. The inner circumferential tapered surface 20a of the first gear 20 is tapered fitted into the gear 45a.

A boss portion 46 is integrally formed on the inner peripheral side of the rim portion 45,
Attach the nut 4 to the external thread 46a formed on the outer periphery of the boss portion 46.
7 is screwed onto the stepped portion 47a of the nut 47 and the first gear 20.
A disc spring 29 is compressed between the side surfaces of. Belleville spring 29
The inner peripheral end is connected to the stepped portion 47a of the nut 47 via the shim 28.
The outer peripheral end portion is in contact with the first gear 20. The boss portion 46 is press-fitted onto a rotatable shaft. Alternatively, the boss portion 46 is rotatably fitted onto the shaft, and the shaft is rotatably supported by a crankcase cover or the like.

The surfaces of the first gear 20 and the second gear 18 are hardened by carburizing and quenching, and the nut 46 is simply a nut that has not been surface hardened.

(3) A torque limiter/brake device may also be provided at the reduction gears 17a, 17b shown in FIG.

(4) In addition to motorcycles, it can also be applied to three-wheel or four-wheel vehicles.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention constantly engages the pinion gear of the starter motor with the gear transmission mechanism, connects the internal gear transmission mechanism to the crankshaft via a one-way clutch, and connects the internal gear transmission mechanism to the crankshaft. The inner circumferential surface of one of the gears is formed into a tapered surface, and the tapered surface is tapered fitted to the outer circumferential tapered surface of the shaft portion or the outer circumferential tapered surface of the rim portion of the other gear, and the tapered surface is formed by a disc spring. Since the gear is axially biased and both tapered surfaces are pressed against each other to form a cone-shaped torque limiter/brake device, there are the following advantages.

(1) Since the pinion gear of the starter motor is always engaged with the gear transmission mechanism of the starter system, compared to the conventional case where the pinion gear is provided with a pinion gear that protrudes in the axial direction and engages only at the time of starting, It is possible to eliminate the loud popping sound of the pinion gear, which occurs when the pinion gear squeaks, and to prevent damage to the pinion gear caused by it.

(2) Since the pinion gear A7 of the starter motor is always meshed with the gear transmission mechanism of the starter system, the protrusion movement is more effective than when the pinion gear is provided with a conventional pinion gear that protrudes and engages in the axial direction only at the time of starting. There is no need to incorporate a relay circuit into the starter motor, reducing the cost of the starter motor.

(3) Since a wide space in the axial direction to ensure the protruding stroke of the pinion gear as in the conventional case is no longer required, the width of the starter device in the axial direction becomes compact. This is particularly advantageous for motorcycles, as it allows sufficient space for the rider's feet.

(4) Since the gear transmission mechanism is equipped with a cone-shaped torque limiter and brake device that acts as a brake device, if a reverse phenomenon occurs on the crankshaft when the pinion gear is stopped, the friction between both tapered surfaces Reverse rotation is not transmitted to the pinion gear until after the reverse rotation of the gear transmission mechanism is braked and decelerated.

This prevents the starter motor from rotating in reverse at high speed and prevents the bearings in the starter motor from seizing up.
Extend the life of the starter motor.

(5) Since the gear transmission mechanism is equipped with a torque limiter/brake device that also functions as a torque limiter, if an excessive load occurs due to reverse rotation of the crankshaft while the pinion gear is rotating, the torque limiter - The excessive torque portion is released and the torque is transmitted to the gear transmission mechanism within the torque capacity range of the torque limiter.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage to the gears in the gear transmission mechanism during overload.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a starting device for a motorcycle to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the torque limiter/brake device of Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 and 4 are other embodiments. FIG. 5 is a force relationship diagram such as pressure contact force, FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in rotation of the starter motor when the present invention is applied, and FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional starter device. 20...gear,
20a, 26a...Tapered surface, 21...Starter motor, 22...Pinion gear, 23...Torque limiter/brake device, 18.26...Shaft, flange (shaft part), 29...・Disc spring patent applicant Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a starting device for a motorcycle, etc., which is equipped with a starter gear transmission mechanism that interlocks and connects the pinion gear of the starter motor and the crankshaft, the pinion gear of the starter motor is constantly engaged with the gear transmission mechanism, and the gear is connected via a one-way clutch. A transmission mechanism is connected to a crankshaft, and the inner circumferential surface of one of the gears in the gear transmission mechanism is formed into a tapered surface, and the tapered surface is formed into an outer circumferential tapered surface of the shaft portion or an outer circumferential tapered surface of the rim portion of another gear. A cone-shaped torque limiter/brake device is configured by fitting the gear into a tapered shape and pressing the tapered surfaces together by urging the gear having the tapered surface in the axial direction with a disc spring. Starting device for two-wheeled vehicles, etc.