JPS61270057A - Computerized manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:Make grasp and control over the flow of a process line for small lot production for a wide variety of articles performable, by installing a device which recorgnizes each attributive value of manufactures at each process and informs a control computer of it, while letting this computer control each process on the basis of the attributive value. CONSTITUTION:Sheets of flat glass 16 different in an attributive value (for example, vertical or horizontal size) each are flowing one by one by way of a series of processes connected to a control computer 1. At this time, detecting devices (of size measuring devices, etc., and in case of a marking process, they are pressing rods 17 and 18, measuring heads 19x and 19y and digital scales 20x and 20y) detecting the said attributive value are installed at every process. The control computer 1 emits processing control data to the corresponding process on the basis of the said attribitive value. Therefore, even if type of products flowing on a manufacturing line were in disorder, each process performs its handling in response to individual types in cooperation with the control computer so that such process control that is very excellent in reliability and pliability with a low of a wide variety of types is performable.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus in which each part of the manufacturing process is managed by a computer, and in particular to a manufacturing apparatus in which a plurality of small glass sheets of different sizes are cut out from a large sheet of glass. It is most suitable for use in small-scale production systems.

[Summary of the invention]

In a multi-product, small loft production process where products with different attributes (length and width dimensions, etc.) flow down the process line one after another without any order, the attribute values of the manufactured products are recognized for each individual process and notified to the management computer. A means is provided, and a management computer controls each process based on attribute values.
This makes it possible to grasp and manage the flow of the process line for high-mix, small-scale loft production.

[Conventional technology]

The production system for temporary glass involves a series of processes such as indexing from a blank plate, stamping marks such as the type, and four-round polishing.

In the case of high-mix, low-volume production, multiple sheets of glass of different sizes are cut out from a single large sheet and flow through the production line in random order.

Therefore, in order to automate (unparalleled) each process, it is necessary to use memory data that stores index dimensions, number of sheets, etc., and a passage sensor (limit switch) installed at the entrance of each process.
The idea is that the control computer can use the output signals to determine which size plate glass is flowing through which process, and then automatically select tools, adjust positions, etc. in each process based on instructions from the computer. It will be done.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in this case, a malfunction of a passage sensor installed on the production line can easily cause a discrepancy between the actual flow of the line and the situation grasped by the control computer, and if manual work is involved during the production line, data There is a problem that the flow of the sheet glass and the flow of the sheet glass do not correspond at all.

For example, in the case of high-mix, low-volume production, data on the required size (length and width) and number of sheets (round-up glass level table)
Based on this, a computer cuts the large glass plate (determines the cutting pattern), and then an X-Y cutter draws the cutting line. For this reason, depending on how the pieces are mixed in size, the cutting line may be complicated, for example in a T-shape or an H-shape, so that the work of dividing the board after drawing the line must be done manually. Then, in the line after the plate-breaking process, the glass plates flow in the order in which they were broken, regardless of the size and number rounded-up ranking table in memory, and the relationship between the flow direction and the vertical and horizontal directions of each glass is It becomes completely unspecified.

Therefore, it is quite difficult to automatically control the position of the polishing wheel by computer tracking the flow of the temporary glass production line based on the round-up ranking table and the passing sensors.

The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and even when manufactured products such as plate glass of various sizes flow down the line without order or without vertical or horizontal directionality, The purpose is to enable each process to operate in a corresponding manner, thereby significantly improving production efficiency.

[Means for solving problems]

As shown in FIG. 1, in a manufacturing process in which manufactured products such as plate glass 16 with different attribute values (for example, vertical and horizontal dimensions) flow one after another through a series of processes connected to a management computer 1, each process is Detection means (dimensional measurement means, etc.) for detecting the above-mentioned attribute values is provided. The management computer 1 is configured to derive processing control data for the corresponding process based on the above attribute values.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the management computer is equipped with an attribute table that matches measured attribute values, and is configured to read control data from matching items as a result of the matching.

(Operation) Even if the types of products flowing through the production line are in random order,
Each process works in conjunction with a control computer to perform processing that corresponds to each product type. Therefore, unlike uncertain process control with a high probability of malfunction, such as installing a passing sensor in each process on a manufacturing line and tracking the process flow by replacing it with a data flow, this method is extremely reliable and can be used to handle the flow of a wide variety of products. However, flexible process control can be achieved.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a sheet glass manufacturing system, which has a configuration suitable for the aforementioned high-mix low-volume production.

The main process consists of cutting the blank plate, stamping the type mark etc., polishing the end face (four circumferences), and sampling the plate, and is operated by a computer 1 for control and production management (hereinafter referred to as the management computer). A large glass blank 2 is carried onto a blank conveyor 3 using a crane (not shown), and
It is transferred onto the CC stand 4a.

NCC stand 4a N that can be freely controlled along the X-Y orthogonal axis
Equipped with a C-cutter 5 to control cutting data from the management computer 1? 11 The cutter head moves in the orthogonal coordinate system under the NC control of the CPU 6, and cuts the cutting line 7 shown by the dotted line.
draw

The pattern of the cutting line 7 is determined based on the data of the cut-up ranking table as shown in the table below, which shows the size (length x width) of the glass plate ultimately required and the number of sheets requested, and is instructed by the management computer l. Ru. This is called "multiplication."

The multiplication pattern for each blank board 1 is displayed on the CRT 8. Note that the cut-up ranking table is inputted into the computer 1 from the floppy disk 9 according to the instructions. Further, processing control data necessary for each process is also written in the round-up ranking table.

■Upper position L Length Width Requested number of sheets Control data Nl l a +
b + n I
d +Na 2 az bz
n z d z Noialbln, dI The glass base plate 2 on which the tracing of the cutting line 7 has been completed on the NCC table 4a is moved to the splitting table 10a of the temporary splitting process 10, and the preliminary splitting work of breaking into individual small glass plates is performed manually. It will be done. In this process as well, the multiplication pattern is
II.

As mentioned above, the cutting line 7 is T depending on the multiplication pattern.
They are intricately shaped into a letter or H shape, and temporary splitting is done in an easy-to-divide order determined by the multiplication pattern. Therefore, glass plates broken in a random order unrelated to the round-up ranking table in the memory of the computer 1 are led to the next process.

The transfer of the glass plate on the NCC mounting table 4a and the splitting table 10a is carried out on an air table 12 which floats and freely moves the glass plate using air pressure.

Each plate glass 16 obtained in the temporary splitting process 10 is carried into a stock conveyor 13. This stock conveyor 13 transports the temporary glass in an upright state, and stores the glass until it can be delivered onto the roll conveyor 14 for the next process, that is, as the next process progresses. . This allows the stock conveyor 13 to absorb the difference in processing speed between the temporary splitting process 10 and the next marking process.

Note that the vertical and horizontal directions of the temporary glass 16 are not distinguished when it is transferred from the plate side process 10 to the stock conveyor 13, so the temporary glass transferred from the stock conveyor 13 onto the roll conveyor 14 has an unspecified direction of '1s1it#. In this state, it will proceed to the next process. Furthermore, as described above, the sizes of the glass sheets flowing on the roll conveyor 14 are in random order, unrelated to the cut-up ranking table.

In the next engraving step 15, the glass type, manufacturer's mark, etc. are stamped at a fixed position on the glass plate 16, for example, at the lower left corner of the inner surface, by sandblasting. Identical stamping machine 15a at one end of the conveyor line.

15b are arranged at intervals in the line flow direction. The stamping machine 15a on the downstream side of the line stamps erect characters and symbols in the line width direction, and the stamping machine 15b on the upstream side stamps erect characters and symbols in the line flow direction with an angular difference of 90 degrees. By selectively using one of these stamping machines 15a and 15b, the temporary glass is always kept at a constant position even when the vertical (height) and horizontal (width) are transferred regardless of the line flow direction. can be engraved.

In the engraving step 15, the glass plate 16 is first positioned at a reference position in the orthogonal coordinate system in the line flow direction and line width direction. Positioning is accomplished by a positioning mechanism including a pressing rod 17 in the line width direction and a pressing rod 18 in the line flow direction.

With the plate glass 16 positioned, the stamping machine 15a is located at one corner of the lower surface of the glass. On the other hand, the stamping machine 15b moves in conjunction with the pressing rod 18 in the line flow direction and is positioned at another corner of the lower surface of the glass plate 16 in a positioning state.

Together with the positioning press rods 17 and 18, the length measuring heads 19x and 19y move on the digital scales 20X and 2OY along the orthogonal coordinates, and the vertical and horizontal glass sizes can be measured simultaneously with the positioning of the temporary glass 16. It looks like this. The pulse outputs of the length measuring heads 19x and 19y are sent to the management computer 1, and length measurement is performed by pulse counting. The measurement data is compared with the above-mentioned round-up ranking table,
The longitudinal and lateral dimensions of the temporary glass 16 are specified with respect to the line flow direction. Depending on the verification result, either the downstream or upstream stamping machine 15a, 15b is selected, and a stamping mark is stamped at a fixed position, for example, at the lower left corner of the glass plate 16 in the royal state.

Since the engraving marks also change according to the size of the glass plate, the mark data is read from the control data d7 of the cut-up ranking table based on the measured size data, and several types of engravings are made on the turret-structured engraving machines 15a and 15b. One of the marks is selected.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of comparing the size measurement data of the glass plate 16 with the cut-up ranking table. First, the short side value (dimension in the line width direction) of the measurement data is entered into the register A1 of the management computer 1, and the long side value (dimension in the line running direction) is entered into the register A2. Next, let's look at the AI data and the horizontal dimensions of the cut-up ranking table.

and the comparison result is within the preset tolerance (
For example, if it is not 2 cranes), the data of A2 and the horizontal dimension data of the cut-up ranking table are compared.

Either A1 or A2 has horizontal dimension b! If it matches one of the lengths, store the length measurement data of the other side that can be considered as the length in register A.
3, and compare the A3 data with the vertical dimension ai of the cut-up ranking table. If the comparison result is within the tolerance for one of the vertical dimensions, it means that the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the positioned temporary glass 16 have been identified.
.

Then, the mark type data of the corresponding size is read out from the control data of the cut-up ranking table, and the stamping machine 15a reads out the mark type data of the corresponding size.

A mark selection signal is derived from 15b, and AI data and A3 data are compared. If it is Al-A3, A2
Since the data (line flow direction) is the horizontal dimension, the stamping machine 15a on the downstream side is activated. Also, if AI≠A3, then A
Since 1 data (line width direction) is the horizontal dimension, the upstream stamping machine 15b is activated.

Note that this stamping process also functions as one of the dimension checkyards in the entire process, and when stamping is performed, the data of the dimension matching number N1 is incremented by one in the management computer 1.

The next end face polishing step 21 includes a first step 21f and a second step 2.
1s. In the first step 21f, the end surface of the glass plate 16 in the line width direction is polished, and in the second step 21s, the end surface in the line flow direction is polished.

The first step 21f includes a polishing wheel 23 that can be moved in the line width by a feeding device 24, and its reciprocating motion causes a rear end surface 16b and a front end surface in the line width direction of two pieces of temporary glass 16 arranged in tandem in the front and back. 16f is polished. The polishing wheel 23 can be deflected in the line flow direction, and has a rear end surface 16b (during forward movement) and a front end surface 16f (when moving forward) of the temporary glass 16.
Polishing pressure can be applied during backward movement).

The plate glass 16 transferred from the engraving process 15 is first positioned in front (downstream side) of the first process 21f, and its rear end surface 16b is polished by the forward movement of the polishing wheel 23.At this time, the polishing wheel 23 and The length measuring head 25 is integrated with the digital scale 2 along the line width direction.
6 and measure the width of the rear end surface 16b. The measurement data is led to the management computer 1 and used for positioning the polishing wheel in the second step 213.

On the other hand, the polishing wheel 23 is
While polishing, the subsequent plate glass 16 from the marking process 15 is sent to the first process 21f and positioned at the rear (upstream side). Therefore, after polishing the front end surface 16b,
The front end surface 1 of the trailing plate glass 16 is polished by the backward movement of the polishing wheel 23
6" is polished continuously.

During polishing of the front end surface 16f, the front temporary glass 16 whose rear end surface 16b has already been polished is subjected to the next second step 213.
is derived. The second step 21s includes a pair of polishing wheels 27 and 28 arranged in the line width direction. One polishing wheel 27 is fixed at one side end of the process line, and the other polishing wheel 28 is adjusted in position by a position adjustment device 29 in the line width direction to match the width of the plate glass 16 to be polished. . Position adjustment is the first step 2
This is performed by numerical control (NC) by the management computer 1 based on the width direction dimension measured at 1f.

As mentioned above, the widthwise size of the temporary glass 16 is measured when polishing the rear end surface 16b in the first step 21, and during polishing of the front end surface 16f by the return movement of the polishing wheel 23, the width direction size of the temporary glass 16 is measured based on the measurement data. The position of the polishing wheel 28 is adjusted in the second step 213. When the adjustment is completed, the plate glass 16 runs in the second step 213, and as it is transferred, its two parallel end surfaces 16p and 16q along the line flow direction are polished. Ru.

Since the horizontal and vertical sizes of the glass plate 16 have been specified in the control step 15, this data may be used to adjust the position of the polishing wheel 28.

The plate glass 16 whose end surface has been polished is led to a selection step 32 through washing and drying steps. In this process, dimensions are checked, defective products are inspected, and the products are sorted for selection. The plate picking process 32 is equipped with a positioning/length measuring system using an orthogonal coordinate system similar to the marking process 15. 33.34
are pressing rods in the line width direction and line flow direction, respectively.

35x and 35y are length measuring heads integrated with the pressing rods 33 and 34, and 36x and 36y are digital scales along orthogonal coordinates.

The output of the length measuring heads 35x and 35y is sent to the management computer l.
and the dimensional measurements are calculated. The measured values are checked against the cut-up ranking table according to a matching program similar to that shown in Figure 2.
The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the glass plate 16 are specified. If there is a corresponding size in the cut-up ranking table that matches the measured value, CRT3
9 displays the instruction contents of the corresponding dimensions and an OK mark. The contents of the instruction include rank order, dimensions, mark type, etc. This allows sorting work. Further, the contents of the instruction are printed out by the printer 40 as a display label on each glass plate 16.

Also, if the corresponding size is not in the ranking table, it is an error (defect).
As a result, the indicator light 41 is turned on.

For sorting, the worker checks for defective products during the board picking process, visually inspects them, and when they find a defect, uses the keyboard 42 to
Enter the code for the type of defect (chipping or cracking) for the rank magnetic field of the dimensions displayed on the CRT 39. The management computer 1 refers to this defective manpower and performs quantity control in the manufacturing process as follows.

For quantity control, the next count value in each process is referred to for each size in the round-up ranking table.

Cutting process: Number of sheets to be combined (k) +1 Number of sheets remaining to be combined (r) -1 Adoption process: Number of good sheets (G) +1 Number of defective sheets (N
G) +1 The number of sheets to be multiplied increases by 1 each time glass of the corresponding size is cut out in the cutting process 4.

On the other hand, the remaining number of sheets to be multiplied r is the value obtained by subtracting 1 from the requested number n of sheets in the cut-up ranking table based on the instruction, and r=n(-) each time a multiplication is performed.

In the plate selection step 23, as a result of comparison with the cut-up ranking table, the number of non-defective pieces (G) for the corresponding size item is increased by +1.

If the item is defective, the number of defective items (NG) is increased by +1 based on the input from the keyboard 42.

When (NG) increases by +1, +1 is added to the remaining number of sheets to be multiplied <r> in order to feed this back to the multiplication in the cutting process 4 at the starting end of the line. In other words, r”Di-
It becomes +NG. The multiplication in cutting process 4 is continued until the remaining number r of multiplication becomes zero, that is, nl -+NG
This continues until =0.

If the remaining number r becomes zero, the requested number n1 is multiplied by the total number k
The value obtained by subtracting the number of defective items (NO) from (n+ = k N
G), which coincides with the number of non-defective sheets G. In other words, (a), when the number r of remaining sheets to be multiplied becomes zero, the work in the cutting process is finished; (b), when the required number n, is equal to the number G of good sheets (
nt = c), the management computer 1 performs quantity control so as to complete the work in the selection process.

Apart from this, error monitoring is performed using the dimension matching process described above in the engraving process 15 and the plate picking process 32. In each process, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, the stamping process: dimension matching N1 +1, and the plate-taking process: dimension matching N2 +1. The management computer 1 checks N2 performed by N1, and generates an error output when the number of sheets to be multiplied k<N1 or N2. Further, it is assumed that there is no error when the number of sheets to be multiplied is ≧Nl or N2.

When the requested number of sheets according to the instructions is satisfied, a performance sheet and a finished slip are printed out from the printer 43. Also, performance data is output to the floppy disk 44. This allows the next production plan to be made.

Although the present invention has been described above based on embodiments, the present invention can be applied to various production apparatuses other than plate glass manufacturing apparatuses.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention enables process control using a management computer by identifying the attribute values of manufactured products for each process in a high-mix, low-volume loft production process, so that products with different attributes can flow down the line without any order. However, each process can be handled without errors, and a highly reliable and highly efficient production line can be established.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a plate glass showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the dimensions (attributes) of the plate glass.
It is a flowchart for 4 different (verification). In addition, in the symbols used in the drawings, 1.--...--------1 control and management computer 2--. Raw plate 4 - - - - - - - - Cutting process 5 - - - - - - - - - NC cutter 10
−・・・−・・・−・・−・・−・・・・Plate side process 15
−・−・−・−・−・・−Engraving process 16・・・−−−−
-m---...Temporary glass 17, 18-...
・-Press rods 19x, 19y-----One length measuring head 20------One----------Digital scale 21---------・・・－・－・・
One end surface polishing step 23-----1・----・--・--
・-Polishing wheel 2t-----
−・Feeding device 25・−・−・・・−・・−−−1−・・
-・Length measuring head 27.28−・・−・−・・−Polishing wheel 29−・・・・・−・−・−・−・Position adjustment device 3
2-・-・・・−・−・−−−m-Plate collecting process 33
．． 34-...-- Pressing rod 35x, 35y... Length measuring head 36x, 36
y-・・-・−Digital scale 39−−−・−・・
−1−−−−・−・・−CRT40−・・−・・・
・−・−111−−−・Printer 42−−−−−1・−
・−・−m−−−・It is a keyboard.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A manufacturing device in which manufactured products having different attribute values flow one after another through a series of processes connected to a management computer, comprising detection means for detecting the attribute values for each process, and a management computer. A computer-managed manufacturing apparatus configured such that a computer derives control data for a corresponding process based on the attribute value. 2. The management computer identifies the manufactured item for each process by comparing the attribute values obtained in each process with a pre-stored attribute table, and outputs the corresponding control data to the processing means of each process. A computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer-managed manufacturing apparatus is configured to perform the following steps. 3. The attribute value detection means comprises positioning means for positioning the manufactured product at one point on the coordinate axes, and measurement means for measuring dimensional data of the manufactured product with reference to the coordinate axes. Computer-managed manufacturing equipment as described in item 1 or 2. 4. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the coordinate axes are orthogonal coordinate axes. 5. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus as set forth in claim 3 or 4, wherein the positioning means is a positioning means for determining the relative position between the processing means and the manufactured product in each step. 6. According to claim 3 or 4, the processing means provided in each step is movable with respect to the coordinate axis, and moves relative to the manufactured product in conjunction with the measuring means. Computer-controlled manufacturing equipment as described. 7. Any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control data includes processing tool selection data.
Computer-controlled manufacturing equipment described in . 8. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control data includes positioning data of a processing tool. 9. The final part of the series of steps includes a sorting step, and is equipped with a terminal connected to the management computer, and the management computer transfers the sorting data regarding the attributes to the sorting data based on the attribute values obtained by the detection means in this step. A computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the computer-managed manufacturing apparatus is configured to be outputted to a terminal. 10. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the terminal is equipped with a CRT display, and the sorting data is displayed. 11. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the terminal is equipped with a printer, and the sorting data is printed as a label for each manufactured product. 12. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the starting point of a series of processes is a process of producing a plurality of manufactured products having different attribute values one after another or simultaneously from one raw material. . 13. A return path is provided from the end of the series of steps to the start of the series of steps via the management computer, and the management computer compares the attribute values detected at the end with the attribute table. 3. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the computer-managed manufacturing apparatus is configured to control the production amount by instructing the starting end portion to produce the number of products. 14. An area in which the required production quantity for each attribute value is written is provided in the attribute table memory held by the management computer, and the management computer determines that there is a match as a result of the verification at the end of the series of steps. When detected, the production quantity instruction for the above starting end for the corresponding attribute value is set to 1.
14. A computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the manufacturing apparatus is configured to reduce the amount by . 15. The terminal part of the series of processes described above includes an inspection process, and is equipped with an input means for notifying the management computer when a defective product is discovered, and when a defective product is input, the management computer checks the start part of the corresponding attribute value. 14. The computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the production quantity instruction for each department is increased by one. 16. The input means is equipped with a keyboard and a CRT display as a terminal of the management computer, and
The relevant attribute value of the collation result is displayed on the T-display, and a defective input regarding the manufactured item having the attribute value displayed on the CRT display is entered from the keyboard. Computer-managed manufacturing equipment as described in item 15. 17. The series of manufacturing steps described above is a manufacturing process for sheet glass, in which one large sheet of raw glass is divided into small glass sheets of various sizes, marks are engraved at predetermined positions on each small sheet of glass, and edges are engraved. 17. A computer-managed manufacturing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the computer-managed manufacturing apparatus comprises the steps of polishing the respective parts. 18. A computer-managed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the attribute values are the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the glass platelet.