JPS61266809A - Method of joining ceramic member - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The invention relates to ceramics, such as silicon carbide.

The present invention relates to a method for joining carbides such as silicon nitride, nitride ceramics, horide ceramics such as titanium fordide and zirconium fordide, and oxide ceramic members such as alumina and zirconia.

<Prior Art> The biggest problem in joining dissimilar materials is how to solve the difference in coefficient of linear expansion. This problem becomes particularly serious in the case of ceramic materials that are brittle and cannot be expected to stretch at all. Furthermore, even if mechanical joining such as screw joining is employed to avoid this problem, these ceramics are extremely hard and therefore very difficult to process.

Furthermore, for ceramic materials, especially nitride and horide materials, brazing materials themselves that can be soldered to metal materials have not yet been developed, making it even more troublesome.

If there is a method that allows for easy installation and fixation of metal or other ceramic components without causing problems due to differences in thermal expansion, and that can be used stably even under high temperatures or severe thermal shock, These ceramics are becoming increasingly versatile.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of two or more situations, and it can be applied to metals and other materials without making any difference in thermal expansion or difficulty in machining of ceramics a problem. It can be easily attached to and removed from ceramic members, and can be used stably even under high temperatures or severe thermal shock. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new method for joining a ceramic member to a mating member.

〈Failure to solve the problem〉 The present invention applies to joining.

(1) Insert an intermediate layer made of carbonaceous material into the joint.

(2) The ceramic member and the carbonaceous intermediate layer are integrated by metallurgical bonding or adhesion.

(3) For joining with the mating material, cut a groove in the carbonaceous intermediate layer.

The feature is that the carbonaceous intermediate layer is mechanically joined by drilling, threading, and other mechanical removal processes necessary for mechanical joining.

<Function> The carbonaceous intermediate layer is inserted, integrated with the ceramic member by metallurgical bonding or adhesion, and mechanically joined to the other material through screws, grooves, etc. machined into this intermediate layer. This is due to reasons such as.

(a) 2-mechanical bonding is the most preferable for bonding where there are differences in linear expansion coefficients.

(b) For mechanical joining, mechanical removal processes such as grooving, drilling, and threading are of course indispensable, and since ceramic materials are extremely hard, this is difficult to process, but carbonaceous materials Because it has excellent machinability, it can be freely processed into any shape, making it extremely suitable for this type of processing.

(c) Therefore, if this carbonaceous material is integrated with the ceramic side by metallurgical bonding and the machining necessary for mechanical bonding is performed on this carbonaceous portion, the above-mentioned processing problem will not be a problem at all.

) Moreover, the linear expansion coefficient of carbonaceous materials can be adjusted over a certain range from low expansion range to medium expansion range,
Nitrides such as silicon nitride and silicon carbide.

Horides such as titanium foride and zirconium foride.

Since it is possible to adjust the range of linear expansion coefficients of oxides such as alumina and dinolymphair by adjusting the manufacturing conditions, it is possible to fuse and integrate the linear expansion coefficients of both for many types of ceramics. Troubles caused by differences in linear expansion coefficient can be completely eliminated.

With (e) and (b) to), the carbonaceous material can be freely processed to change the shape of the bonding surface of the ceramic material.
It can be attached closely with no gaps at all.

The two are completely integrated by metallurgical bonding and adhesion.

Thermal expansion characteristics can also be integrated into the structure.

It can be used stably even under high temperatures or severe thermal shocks without causing problems due to differences in linear expansion coefficients.

Since the carbon material has good thermal conductivity, the heat of the ceramic part is quickly absorbed by it, improving the thermal shock resistance of the ceramic part.

Naturally, there will be a difference in the coefficient of linear expansion with the other mating material depending on the material, but since the two are mechanically joined and have a physical edge, there is no expansion or contraction in this part. It can fully respond to changes and does not generate thermal stress at the boundary.

<Example> Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show typical embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a silicon nitride member and a heat-resistant steel member joined together.

(11 is a silicon nitride member, (2) is a heat-resistant steel member (HKJ
).

(3) is a carbonaceous intermediate layer (graphite, linear expansion coefficient 4.5
10'').

(4) is a fused metal layer, (5) is a threaded screw hole in the carbonaceous intermediate layer, and (6) is a bolt for screwing (2) and (3) together.

At the time of joining, ceramic (1) and graphite (3) are first fused and joined using a brazing material.

In brazing work, the boundary part is made of plate-like or powdered Si or Si alloy (Si-Ti, Si-Ti,
5i-V alloy, etc.) and heated under reduced pressure (10-' Torr
) and heated to 1330°C or higher for 5 minutes.

On the other side of the graphite intermediate layer (3), a screw hole for screw connection with the heat-resistant steel (2) is machined before or after fusion. Because graphite is soft, it is very easy to process.

Graphite (3) and heat-resistant steel (2) are fastened together using bolts (6).

Graphite in the middle layer is generally weak to oxidation and easily consumed, but
If necessary, if a carbide, nitride, or oxide ceramic is mixed and composited or coated with silicon nitride or silicon carbide, it can be used up to a considerably high temperature.

In FIG. 2, contrary to FIG. 1, male threads are machined into graphite and screwed into a mating material (metal) to join them.

In Figure 3, dovetail grooves are machined into graphite, and the mating material is inserted and joined.

Since graphite is soft, such grooves can be easily formed.

(1) is a ceramic member, (3) is a graphite intermediate layer, (4)
is a dovetail groove.

Note that the carbonaceous intermediate layer and the mating material are mechanically joined.

In addition to the above-mentioned screw joints and fittings that connect by fitting, there are two mechanical joints and fixing methods that are commonly used for this type of joint, such as regular fastening and insertion. All can be used.

Note that the metallurgical bonding of the present invention is not limited to the brazing welding shown above, but also includes diffusion bonding using solid metals (
For example, using an active metal such as Ti) is also included.

In addition to the alloys listed above, Ti is used as the brazing material.

Alloys of group V elements or mutual alloys of these elements can be used. Among these, alloys of Si(:Ti, group V elements) have the best wettability (contact angle of zero).

This alloy of St, Ti, and group V elements can be used as a carbonaceous material.
Since □ also has perfect wettability, ceramic and carbon can be bonded simultaneously in - operations.

Further, the carbonaceous materials of the present invention include graphite, amorphous carbon, and other oxides, nitrides, and carbides thereof.

This refers to carbon materials in general that are a composite of mixed horide ceramic materials.

In addition, the linear expansion coefficient of these carbon materials is approximately 1 to 10.
Since the coefficient of linear expansion can be varied within the range of X 10'', the ceramic member to which the present invention is applied generally has a coefficient of linear expansion within the above-mentioned range.

Specifically, this applies to nitrides such as silicon nitride, sialon, and aluminum nitride, carbides such as silicon carbide, horides such as titanium horide and zirconium horide, and oxides such as 7/L = mina and zirconia. Become.

However, when bonding, it is desirable that the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the carbon material and the ceramic material be as small as possible, so the composition of the carbon material should be adjusted to match the linear expansion coefficient of the mating ceramic material.

Manufacturing conditions need to be determined. The allowable difference in coefficient of linear expansion depends on the conditions of use, but carbon materials have a significantly lower modulus of elasticity than ceramic materials, so the thermal stress caused by the difference in coefficient of linear expansion is relatively small, so there may be some difference. (3~4
X IF6) is acceptable.

<Effect of the invention> (1) No thermal stress occurs at the joint.

(2) The joining cost is low.

(3) Easy to install and remove.

(4) Large items can also be joined.

(5) It is also possible to use materials with different linear expansion coefficients.

(6) The thermal shock resistance of the ceramic part is improved.

(7) Materials for ceramic parts can be saved (unnecessary parts are replaced with carbon materials).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 show a typical embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a member made of silicon nitride and a heat-resistant steel member joined together. FIG. 2 shows an example in which a male screw is formed in the graphite intermediate layer and joined. FIG. 4 shows an example in which a dovetail groove is formed in the graphite intermediate layer and a mating material is fitted into the dovetail groove. (1)・・・Ceramink member (2)・・・・・・
・Mating material 13)... - Document 1) of the drawing of the carbonaceous intermediate layer (S (,: no change) Figure 1 Figure Patent Application No. 254528 of 1982 2, Title of invention Method for joining ceramic members 3, Amendment Relationship with the case of a person who does the following: Patent applicant address: 9-104 Afu Nakadoi Honmachi, Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Agent:

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) When joining ceramic members, an intermediate layer made of a carbonaceous material is inserted between the ceramic member and the mating material, and the ceramic member and the intermediate layer are integrated by metallurgical bonding or adhesion, and the mating material and the ceramic member are integrated. The ceramic member is mechanically joined to a mating material by performing grooving, drilling, threading, and other mechanical removal processes necessary for mechanical joining on the intermediate layer. joining method. (2) The ceramic member is silicon nitride, silicon carbide,
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material is aluminum nitride, sialon, titanium fordide, zirconium fordide, alumina, or zirconia. (3) S on the brazing material of the ceramic member and the carbonaceous intermediate layer.
3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an alloy of Si, Ti, a group V element, or an alloy thereof is used.