JPS61266766A - Solar roof for light regulation and heat collection - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to solar roofs, which can be used in greenhouses, outdoor play areas, swimming pool enclosures, and other installations where it is desired to control the light and heat passing through the roof. .

Australian Patent Nos. 4g2027 and ! ;/107! No. 1, No. 2003-112001 discloses buildings such as roofing materials and greenhouses that can automatically adjust the solar radiation and solar heat directly entering the building during the summer and winter months.

The aim of the invention is to further improve a solar roof that can regulate solar radiation and solar heat.

According to the invention, therefore, the surface of the roof is made of sheet material generally in corrugated form, and the corrugations are square in shape, each corrugation having a substantially flat upper surface and a bottom of the trough. a generally flat lower surface portion forming an upper surface portion and/or a generally flat lower surface portion;
or each of the lower surface portions has a means for blocking the passage of sunlight, the surface portion joining the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion is transparent or translucent, and at least seven joining surface portions of each corrugated portion are A light-regulating solar roof is provided that is vertical or nearly vertical and oriented toward the equator to provide a greater amount of light transmission at the winter solstice than at the summer solstice.

According to another feature of the invention, the flat top part supports a solar collector tube and is capable of heating the medium flowing through said tube.

According to yet another feature of the invention, the flat bottom portion can support solar collector tubes.

Embodiments In order to explain the present invention in more detail, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the roofing material l can be formed of any suitable sheet material, such as plastic sheeting, fiberglass, etc., known in the art, and comprises a series of tracks joined at the top by a lateral or upper surface part 8. It has a roughly rectangular wavy shape.

Ideally, each of the upper surface part B and the lower surface part 4 should be flat with the horizontal being inclined relative to the horizontal, they are connected by flat side walls 5.6 and have a flat top part. It can be made of a transparent or translucent material, and the top and bottom parts are aluminum-treated 7, so that
K is applied to prevent transmission of heat and light through these areas.

Each trough section may not be symmetrical, with the side wall 6 facing the equator preferably being vertical or 4. perpendicular to the sun's rays at the winter solstice. ? It may be approximately perpendicular, such as within the range ', but preferably at a slight angle to the perpendicular. The other side wall 5 may be vertical, but preferably at the maximum height of the sun at the summer solstice at the latitude of Sitney 79. ,t
') or is inclined to the vertical at a small angle close to 9.

Thus, at the winter solstice W, substantially all of the sunlight hitting the side wall 6 facing the equator is transmitted into the interior of the building.

At the summer solstice, a small amount of sunlight passes through the wall 5 when the sun is south of the east-west line at 30 minutes before g and after 73:30. At midday, about 4t3 percent of the direct radiation passes through wall 6, and only a small amount passes through wall 5, depending on the angle of wall 5 below 79.30 from the north.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the tube is mounted in a box-like fitting 9 below a top part 8, which is transparent and non-aluminized. The box-shaped fitting 9 may be made of metal or other material, or may be of a thermally insulating material, and the inner surface may be reflective so as to reflect heat back onto the tube. This forms a hot box for heating the tube and stores heat within the box.

In a variant of the invention, solar collector tubes 8 can be attached to the top of each of the flat top parts, so that the roof is a light-controlling and heat-collecting roof.

As shown in FIG. 2, these tubes are preferably mounted at the top of the upper surface 8 so that they are directly exposed to sunlight. Top part 8
The bottom of the heat collecting tube may or may not be aluminum treated.

In FIG. 3, the tube 8 is attached to the bottom 4 of the trough. In this position, these tubes can be used to collect heat from the vernal equinox to the autumnal equinox for insulation and cooling when needed.

Figure 2 shows the form of the roof material without heating pipes, while the piles 5
The figure shows another configuration in which the upper surface portion 8 is tilted toward the equator instead of being completely horizontal. Thus, the sloped surface section 10 joins the sloped surface sections 5 and 6, and the surface section 6 has a small height.

Place the #L tube 8 under the surface section 10 (or on top of the surface section 10).
(not shown)) installation, in this way a great heat collection effect is obtained even during the winter, and at the same time it increases the degree of heat ingress into the building compared to KJel.

In this way, the roof also serves as a solar heat collector and automatically adjusts the changing amounts of direct sunlight and heat transmission throughout the year. The roof in Figure 1 is not operated even during the winter solstice, allowing 60% of the direct sunlight to enter. This roof increases the shade towards midsummer, and the radiation on the earth's surface is the greatest in the seven years. Maximize the sunshade 0 Thus for this about 9S at mid-M of the summer solstice
% of sunshades will be created.

Throughout the year, the amount of light transmitted increases by the amount of light that passes through the transparent parts of the roof that are not exposed to direct light. This is very useful during the day when it is cloudy and there is little direct sunlight.

In summer, direct sunlight and heat will pass through the south-facing transparent part of the roof in small amounts in the early morning and late evening, i.e. when the sun is south of the east-west line. Transparent.

The roof described above admits relatively constant solar radiation throughout the year. Approximately 60% of the solar radiation enters during the winter and 3% or 20% during the summer; this can be done by fixing the vertical transparent part of the roof profile towards north or south or This is achieved by tilting the roof towards either the north or the south, or by turning the transparent part away from the north. In addition, in winter, about 0% of the radiation on the roof is collected by heating tubes, and the heat is collected by heating tubes. can collect up to 90% of heat.

The roof as shown is designed to suit the latitude of Sitney, Australia, where the maximum altitude of the sun is 3% degrees at the winter solstice and '793/ii degrees at the summer solstice. There is.

However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to this latitudinal profile.

If the roof is tilted to one side according to latitude, the same profile is suitable for a wide range of latitudes.

At latitude 2g degrees (Brisbane, Australia), 6
The roof will be the same if you tilt it downward towards the south by 4'
-cent, and at a latitude of 93 degrees (Hovat), the roof achieves the same 72-cent by tilting downward by 9 degrees to the north. However, other geometries according to the invention may be used to eliminate loop fields.
A transmission/collection ratio of to:qo is chosen for the roof described above because the amount of light transmission is approximately equal to the solar radiation of a typical greenhouse roof. Other percent transmission/collection ratios are obtained by varying the slope of the collection area from the horizontal. For example, if the heat collection area of the roof profile is tilted downward toward the equator as shown in Figure S, the heat collection/'P-cent will increase and the heat collection pipes will be exposed more directly to the winter sun; This would cost 74 cents of radiation transmission into the building. Moreover, the reverse is also true.

If the unit is used for a swimming pool enclosure, the solar tubing is connected from the east or west end of the roof to a header pipe, which in turn is connected to the filter pump line.

Water from the pool is used as a heat storage body. Similar or other suitable water circulation and heat storage devices are used for greenhouses or other buildings in which plants are grown.

Therefore, according to the invention, the daytime radiation is at its maximum during the seven years so that the transmission of sunlight and heat is maximum when the daytime radiation at the earth's surface is the lowest during the year. To provide a device that automatically controls the transmission of heat such as sunlight so that the transmission is minimized.

Therefore, this sheet can be used for a variety of purposes. If this sheet is reversed, at the winter solstice, the sheet will be 3
Transmits 0%, collects 60% of heat, and at the summer solstice, 5″
% of the heat is transmitted and more than 90% of the heat is collected. The sheet can also be reversed north and south to change the transmission to heat collection ratio in both the normal and reversed positions.

Solar thermal tubes, in turn, can be used to cool buildings by pumping chilled water through the device if necessary.

The aluminized portion of the roof, which is g7.3% of the horizontal area, and the solar scorching pan or tube radiate heat back into the building at night, thus insulating the roof.

Other materials, such as metals or other heat and light reflective materials, can be provided as coatings on the roofing material or incorporated into the roofing material to form the opaque portion.

Roofs and solar thermal devices change the atmosphere within mid-latitude buildings to more closely resemble the constant, relatively light and heat of the tropics.

Also, if desired, cold water can be pumped through the tubes to reduce the heat going to the lower regions during extreme summer conditions.

The present invention has a substantially vertical transparent part, that is, a transparent part facing north and a transparent part facing south. Patent No. 3/107! It has significant advantages over No. j;.

Although various aspects of the invention have been described in some detail, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but includes various modifications that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention without heating tubes, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Roof material, 2...Trough,
8.Curved top part, 4...Bottom part, 5
, 6... side wall.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The surface portion of the roof is formed of a corrugated sheet material,
In a light-modulating solar roof in which the corrugations are rectangular, each corrugation has a generally flat upper surface and a generally flat lower surface forming the bottom of each trough formed by the corrugation; The upper surface part and/or the lower surface part each have means for blocking the passage of solar rays, and are provided with a transparent or translucent surface part joining the upper surface part and the lower surface part, and at least one of this joining surface part of each corrugated part A solar roof for controlling light, characterized in that one of the roofs is vertical or substantially vertical, facing toward the equator, and allowing a greater amount of light to pass through at the winter solstice than at the summer solstice. 2. The joining surface is inclined with respect to the vertical so that each trough has an opening width larger than the bottom width, and this inclined surface has a larger angle from the horizontal than the surface facing away from the equator. Light conditioning according to claim 1, wherein at the winter solstice, up to 60 percent of the solar radiation passes through the sloped surface facing the equator, and at the summer solstice, a very low percentage of the solar radiation passes through the sloped surface. solar roof. 3. The solar roof for light control according to claim 1, wherein the means for blocking the entry of sunlight consists of a metal coating on the surface or in the roof material. 4. The means for blocking the entry of solar rays consists of a series of fluid tubes heated by the solar rays, claim 1.
The solar roof for light adjustment according to item 1 or 2. 5. The solar roof for light control according to claim 4, wherein the tube array is provided on the outer surface of the upper surface or the bottom of the trough. 6. The solar roof for light control according to claim 4, wherein the tube row is provided in the box below the surface of the upper surface. 7. The solar roof for light adjustment according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface is inclined toward the equator. 8. The solar roof for controlling light according to claim 7, wherein the row of heating tubes is provided above or below the sloping top surface.