JPS61265521A - Apparatus for automatically measuring shape of figure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to automatically converting an inputted figure to a numerical value or a numerical formula, by automatically inputting various figures. CONSTITUTION:A figure 5 to be measured is read by an input apparatus (image sensor) 3 to be converted to image data which is, in turn, outputted to a first image memory 9. Next, an operator manually locates an input figure at the predetermined position on CRT15 and the specific one point of the input figure appearing on CRT15 is indicated by the stylus pen of a tablet 17 and sets as the local origin of second physical coordinates. Subsequently, the input figure on first physical coordinates and the drawn figure on second physical coordinates are collimated by a coincidence degree detection part 29 to detect the coincidence degree of both figures. In the next step, the variable value of a figure program is altered on the basis of the detected result by a figure coinciding means 31 and the drawn figure is allowed to coincide with the input figure. Thereafter, the drawn figure stored in the first physical coordinates is outputted in a form of a numerical value or a numerical formula by an output apparatus 49.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an automatic figure shape measuring device that can automatically input various figures and automatically convert the shape of the input figure into a numerical value or formula. It is something.

[Description of Prior Art] Examples of automatic graphic processing devices that have already been put into practical use include pattern recognition devices, copying devices, and the like. These conventional automatic figure processing devices recognize the type of figure that the input figure corresponds to, or classify the figure elements of the input figure into straight lines, arcs, etc. and trace them as they are. However, it has not been possible to quantify or quantify the shapes of the various shapes that exist.

Conventionally, the work of converting graphic shapes into numerical values or formulas has been performed manually.

However, with the recent progress in FMS, C
With the progress of AD and CAM systems, the work of quantifying or formulating graphic shapes is increasing, and it is too much work to manually perform this work of quantifying or formulating figures. For example, it is laborious to separately quantify or mathematically represent figures with similar shapes, and it is also laborious to quantify or mathematically express the shape of the changed figures each time a product design is changed. .

[Object of the Invention] In view of the above-mentioned state of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic figure shape measuring device that can automatically input various figures and automatically convert the input figures into numerical values or formulas. The purpose of the present invention is to provide the following information, thereby facilitating graphic processing work in various fields, and at the same time, speeding up and increasing the accuracy of graphic processing work.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic figure shape measurement device including a figure input means for inputting a figure to be measured as point cloud data, and a figure input means for inputting the figure to be measured as point cloud data; An embodiment in which the shape of the figure can be made to match the shape of the figure to be measured by storing the first image storage means on the first physical coordinates and the variable value prepared in advance according to the figure to be designed. a graphic program storage means for storing a large number of graphic programs, and a corresponding graphic program is selected from among the large number of graphic programs stored in the graphic program storage means according to the type of the figure to be measured inputted to the input means. a drawing data generating means for forming vector data of a figure based on the selected graphic program and converting the formed vector data into point cloud data; and a point cloud generated by the generating means. a second image storage unit that stores data on second physical coordinates; and a match that matches the input figure on the first physical coordinates with the drawn figure on the second physical coordinates and detects the degree of coincidence between the two figures. a figure matching means for changing variable values of the graphic program based on the detection result of the detecting means and matching the drawn figure with the input figure; an output means for outputting the figure shape of the drawn figure stored in the first physical coordinates in the form of a numerical value or a mathematical formula after matching the figure, and automatically inputting the figure to be measured; It is now possible to automatically convert input shapes into numbers or formulas.

[Explanation code for the example] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an automatic measuring device for figure shapes (hereinafter referred to as the automatic measuring device), and Fig. 2 is an explanation showing an overview of the processing steps of the automatic measuring device shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the matching process performed by the figure matching means of the automatic measuring device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS.
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing a simple example of a figure to be measured and also an overview of the figure comparison process.

The input device 3 is mainly composed of an image sensor, and images the figure to be measured 5, displays the outline of the imaged figure, and outputs point group data to a physical coordinate system. In this example, the input device 3 is attached with a tablet 7 equipped with a stylus pen.
It is also possible to output shape data of figures handwritten on the tablet 7 to the screen.

The first image memory 9 is constituted by a refresh memory, and point group data from the input device is input to the first physical coordinates constituted by this memory, and the shape of the figure to be measured 5 is stored. Note that the images stored in this refresh memory can be displayed on a CRT 15 equipped with a keyboard 13 provided within the operating device 11. Further, the operating device 11 is equipped with a tablet 17 equipped with a stylus pen.

The parametric figure program storage section 19 stores a large number of parametric figure programs corresponding to various figures 5 to be measured.

Here, the parametric figure is defined by variables a and b.

A specific figure Fo (ao
, bo, Co) are defined.
Say c). Also, what is a parametric graphics program?
This is a program that defines this figure F.

The parametric figure program storage unit 19 stores a large number of predicted figures to be measured, such as triangular block diagrams, arc programs, T-shaped product programs, rectangular programs, flat keyhole shape programs, etc. has been done. However, these programs do not necessarily need to be prepared for each figure.
For figures defined by the same function F, one program is sufficient for all the figures.

The drawing data generation means 21 includes a vector data generation section 23 and a point group data generation section 25.

The vector data generation unit 23 inputs one parametric graphic program selected together with the measured figure 5 from the parametric graphic program storage unit 19, and receives variable change commands and parameter value change commands from the outside, which will be described later. to generate vector data for drawing on world coordinates. The size of the generated vector data is initially determined only by the program, and each set of vectors forms the prototype of the figure to be measured. Thereafter, the predetermined variables are sequentially changed to predetermined amounts in response to external variable change commands and parameter value change commands. The details will be explained in detail below in FIG.

The point cloud data generation section 25 stores the vector data generated by the vector data generation section 23 in a second image memory 27.
Generate point cloud data for drawing. Note that this point cloud data generation section is connected to the tablet 17 of the operating device 11, and the position specified by the tablet 17 is set as the local origin.

Further, the point group data generation unit 25 receives a symmetrical transformation signal from the outside. Examples of symmetrical transformations include rotational transformation, similarity transformation, and projection transformation.

The second image memory 27 is composed of a refresh memory,
forming second physical coordinates of the same type as the first image memory;

The contents stored in the refresh memory can be displayed on the CRT 15. Point group data from the point group data generation section 25 is input to the second image memory 27, and a predetermined line diagram is drawn.

- The political change detection unit 29 compares and contrasts the input figure and the drawn figure represented in the physical coordinates of each of the first image memory 9 and the second image memory 27 for all areas or for each predetermined area. Detect the degree of matching of shapes.

The degree of coincidence C is detected, for example, using the following equation.

Here, Ml and M2 represent the first and second image memories (refresh memories), (para) means parameters, and (n, m) represent physical coordinates. That is, the detection of a political change is performed by comparing the two memories M1 and M2, and is also performed by variously changing the parameter values of each variable.

The figure matching unit 31 includes a detection result determination unit 33, a symmetry conversion unit 35, a parameter value change unit 37, and a variable change unit 39.
It consists of

The figure equalization means 31 includes a measurement end determination section 41, a symmetry conversion necessity determination section 43, and a parameter value change necessity determination section 4.
5, and a variable change necessity determination unit 47.

The measurement end determination unit 41 determines whether the input figure and the drawn figure match completely or almost completely based on the detection result of the -political change detection unit 29, and the measurement ends when both figures match. Outputs a termination signal.

The symmetrical conversion necessity determining section 43 determines whether symmetrical conversion is necessary based on the detection signal of the -political change detecting section 29, and if a change is made, outputs a symmetrical conversion command signal to the symmetrical changing section 35. Note that the criteria for determining the timing and extent of whether or not symmetry conversion is necessary are determined in advance in accordance with the balata 1 helices 9 graphic program input to the vector data generation section 23.

The parameter value change necessity determination unit 45 determines whether or not it is necessary to change the value of the variable currently set in the vector data generation means 23 based on the detected values of the two political change detection units. If a change is necessary, a parameter value change command signal is output to the parameter value change section 37.

The variable change necessity determination unit 47 determines whether or not it is necessary to change variables whose parameter values are to be changed from now on among the figures drawn in the second image memory 27 based on the detection result of the political change detection unit 29. If a change is required, a change command signal is output to the variable change unit 39. In addition, in the parameter value change necessity determination section 45 and the variable change necessity determination section 47, the criteria for determining the timing and degree of change necessity are the same as in the symmetric transformation necessity determination section 43. It is predetermined corresponding to the selected parametric graphic program.

The symmetry conversion unit 35 is connected to the point group data generation unit 25, obtains the output signal from the symmetry conversion necessity determination unit 43, and outputs a detailed signal of the symmetry conversion command to the point group data generation unit 25. This detailed signal is output such that the drawn figure is rotated by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction on the second physical coordinates, for example.

The parameter value change unit 37 is connected to the vector data generation unit 23, and the parameter value change necessity determination unit 4
5] Obtaining the signal, the vector data generation unit 23
Outputs detailed signals for parameter value change commands. This output signal is output such that a vector defined by one variable changes its magnitude by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction.

The three variable change sections are connected to the vector data generation section 23, obtain an output signal from the variable change necessity determination section 47, and set predetermined variables in the vector data generation section 23. Note that the sequence of variables to be set is determined in advance in accordance with the parametric graphic program set in the vector data generating section 23.

The output device 49 is connected to the measurement end determination section 41 and the drawing data generation means, and after receiving the measurement end signal from the measurement end determination section 41, outputs the parametric figure input to the drawing data generation means 21. Based on the contents of the program and the signals input to the vector data generation section 23 and the point cloud data generation section 25, the figure finally drawn in the second image memory 27 can be calculated using numerical values or mathematical expressions. Output in the form of .

The automatic measuring device 1 described above inputs the figure shape of the figure to be measured into the first physical coordinates of the first image memory 9, and also inputs the data from the drawing data generation means 21 into the second physical coordinates of the second image memory 27. is input to draw a predetermined figure, and while both figures are detected by the matching degree detection means 29, the drawn figure is transformed via the figure-to-number ratio means 31, and when both figures match, the four output devices are activated. The measurement results will be output via the .

FIG. 2 shows an overview of the processing method of the automatic measuring device 1 in the order of steps.

The steps can be roughly divided into five steps P1 to P5. The first step P1 shows an automatic reading operation of the input device 3. The figure to be measured 5 is read by the input device 3, the read figure is converted into image data, and is outputted to the first image memory 9 as image data.

The second process P2 is a screen layout process.

This process positions the input figure at a predetermined position on the CRT.
It is something to be used for. This is done manually.

The third step P3 is the designation of a local origin.

The operator specifies a specific point on the input figure appearing on the CRT 17 with the stylus pen of the tablet 17, and sets this point as the local origin of the second physical coordinates.

The fourth step P4 is an identification process, which is all performed automatically. The matching process is a process of matching the drawn figure on the second physical coordinates with the input figure on the first physical coordinates, and this will be explained in detail in FIG. 7.

The fifth step is the reproduction of the figure. This process is carried out using the CRT shown in FIG. 5. Alternatively, four output devices are responsible for reproducing the figure to be measured and outputting it in the form of a numerical value or a mathematical formula.

FIG. 3 shows a detailed flowchart of the identification process.

Step 303 indicates determination processing by the detection result determination section 33. The detection result determination unit 33 determines one of the following: ■ Measurement completed ■ Target conversion unit ■ Parameter value change required ■ Variable change unit based on the detection results of the political change detection unit 29 .

Step 307 shows an object conversion routine. The contents of the object conversion are instructed to the point cloud data generation section 25 via the object conversion section 35, and as shown in steps 309 onwards, the object conversion is gradually performed until the maximum value of equation (1) is detected at step 311. be exposed.

Step 315 shows a variable change routine. Variables are changed by the vector data generation unit 2 via the variable change unit 39.
3, and as shown in step 317, predetermined variables are changed and set within the selected parametric graphic program.

Step 321 shows a parameter value changing routine. The parameter value change is instructed to the vector data generation unit 23 via the parameter value change unit 37, and step 3
Step 32 until the maximum value of equation (1) is determined in step 25.
It is done gradually through 5.

A specific example of the measurement method will be described using four examples of figures to be measured with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7.

FIG. 4 is an example of a triangle.

First, a triangle can be represented by two sides it, Q2 and its included angle θ, so as a parametric graphic program, we can use the ruler figure F=+ shown by the broken line, that is, the two sides rl
, r2 and the included angle α are defined as a program P+. Therefore, this program P1 is stored in advance in the parametric graphic program storage section shown in FIG.

In the figure, triangle 'F+ (L+, θ, hair 2) indicates the input figure on the first physical coordinates.

Since the triangle F1 is the figure to be measured, the operator uses the operating device 11 to select the triangle program P1 as the parametric figure program.

The matching of the ruler figure F'+ with the input figure F1 is performed as follows.

First, as shown in Figure 4, the first physical coordinates contain the image of the input figure, and the second physical coordinates contain the image of the drawn figure
+ - images are automatically formed.

Second, the parametric figure F+' is automatically modified so that the areas of both figures are of approximately the same order.

Third, the operator sets the local origin at a predetermined point O on the input graphic F1.

Fourth, the local origin O of the drawn figure is automatically made to coincide with the origin of the input figure.

Fifth, rotate the drawn figure, perform the product set (product and addition) of both figures as shown in equation (1), and obtain sides 1+ and r
Match l. (Automatic) Sixth, side r1 of the drawn figure
Change the length of and make this side rl match the side length 1. (
Automatic) Seventh, the angle α is changed while the side r1 is fixed, and the side r2 is made to match the hojo 2. When the intersection set shows a maximum value, it is determined that the angle α has become the angle θ. (Automatic) Eighth, change the length of side r2, and set the length of side r2 to Hojo 2.
Match the length of. As a result, L12 is detected.

(Automatic) Ninth, calculate and find the side length 3 from the above results. As a result, vector data At and L12.13 are obtained. (Automatic) Figure 5 is an example of a rectangle.

Even in the case of a rectangle, its hojo 1. Regardless of the size of history 2, it is sufficient to prematurely ejaculate one parametric graphic program P2. As a result, the ruler figure F=2 defined by this program P2 can be matched with the input figure F2 in approximately the same procedure as in the case of the triangle shown in FIG.
Love 4 can be measured.

FIG. 6 is an example of the figure F3 of a T-type product.

In this example as well, by defining the ruler figure F'3 in the parametric figure program P3 and specifying the local origin O, vectors 1 to 8 of the figure F3 can be measured in the same manner as in the previous example. T-type product F3 also measured in this case
Regardless of the difference in each side, only one parametric graphic program P3 is required.

FIG. 7 is an example of a figure including a circular arc as a part of the figure, for example, a flat keyhole figure F4.

In this case as well, by specifying the local origin 0 and matching the ruler figure F-4 specified in the parametric figure program P4 with the flat keyhole figure F4, figure F
This means that it will be possible to measure.

In the automatic measurement device W1 according to the above embodiment, by manually selecting the parametric figure program and specifying the local origin, the rest can be automatically processed and the figure to be measured can be output in the form of numerical values or formulas. This means that you can do it.

The reason why the program selection operation was made manual is because this work belongs to the figure recognition work that humans are best at, and by actively utilizing human recognition ability, the selection operation can be performed quickly and reliably. It can be done.

Although the parametric figures are explained using relatively simple examples in FIGS. 4 to 7, the parametric figures are not limited to these figures and may be more complex. In short, anything that can be defined mathematically, in other words, can be defined by a combination of variable values, is fine. For example, if you prepare a parametric graphics program for your product's graphics in advance, even if the design of that product changes, you will be able to measure the graphics after the design change using the program prepared in advance. be.

Also, if you attach a code bar specifying the parametric graphic program for this figure in advance to the catalog of the figure to be measured, you can select the predetermined program by reading this code bar, and the program selection process is easy. It becomes even easier.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the automatic figure shape measuring device according to the present invention can automatically input various figures and automatically output the input figures in the form of numerical values or formulas. It is possible to facilitate graphic processing work in various fields, and also to speed up and improve the accuracy of graphic processing work.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an automatic measuring device for figure shapes, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the processing steps of the automatic measuring device shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the processing contents of the matching means. The flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 are explanatory diagrams showing simple examples of parametric figures and an overview of the figure comparison process. 9... First image memory 19... Parametric graphic program storage section 21.
. . . Drawing data generation means 27 . . . Second image memory 29 . . . Political change detection section 31 .

Claims (1)

[Claims] a figure input means for inputting the figure to be measured as point cloud data; a first image storage means for storing the point cloud data inputted from the input means on first physical coordinates; graphic program storage means for storing a large number of graphic programs prepared in such a manner that the shape of the figure can be matched with the shape of the figure to be measured by specifying variable values; graphic program selection means for selecting a corresponding graphic program from among a large number of graphic programs stored in the graphic program storage means according to the type; and forming and forming vector data of a graphic based on the selected graphic program. drawing data generation means for converting the generated vector data into point cloud data;
a second image storage means for storing the image on the physical coordinates of the first image;
a degree of coincidence detection means for comparing the input figure on the physical coordinates and the drawn figure on the second physical coordinates and detecting the degree of coincidence between the two figures, and a variable value of the figure program based on the detection result of the detection means. a figure matching means for changing the drawn figure to match the input figure; and a figure matching means for matching the drawn figure to the input figure and then changing the figure shape of the drawn figure stored in the second physical coordinates. An automatic figure shape measuring device comprising: output means for outputting in the form of numerical values or formulas.