JPS6125682B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for protecting agricultural crops, and includes:

A trace amount of 100 to 200 PPM of cinnamaldehyde, a non-toxic substance represented by the formula and listed in official regulations as a food additive and widely used as a flavoring agent in foods, is sprayed on crops. Strawberries, tomatoes,
Aphids that parasitize and cause damage to cucumbers, etc.
It is effective in exterminating mites, whiteflies, as well as whiteflies and bacteria that parasitize and cause damage to the roots of agricultural crops, and was proposed based on new knowledge that it has a bactericidal effect in addition to the above-mentioned insecticidal effect. be. The present inventor discovered that cinnamaldehyde in the sac is surprisingly effective against filamentous fungi, and patented
In No. 610086, we proposed how to use it. However, the purpose of this method is to process it into shoe padding to exterminate the filamentous fungus Trichophyton, and in order to maintain the sustainability of cinnamaldehyde, a halide with a synergistic effect is added. be. However, for foods that are eaten raw, such as strawberries, tomatoes, and cucumbers, it is desirable to have fast-acting and non-residue products, so various research efforts have been conducted to uniformly adhere cinnamaldehyde to agricultural products and achieve the desired purpose. As a result, a condensate of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene with a total molecular weight of 3250, emulsifying 5 to 10% of cinnamaldehyde in a ratio of 1% containing 30% ethylene oxide and 1% containing 40% ethylene oxide. I found out that the emulsion was the most suitable. This nonionic surfactant has low toxicity and is also used in the food industry. The most important thing for agricultural products that are directly eaten raw is that no toxic pesticides remain on the crops during the harvest period. However, in the natural world, agricultural products often suffer from diseases during the harvesting period. For example, strawberries change color and increase in sugar content,
Gray mold and powdery mildew often occur at the time of harvest. Most of the pesticides currently on the market are regulated for use during the harvest season, so even if damaged fruit is discovered, there is no way to get rid of it, and the only option is to thin the fruit and throw it away. It is not uncommon for nearby damaged fruits to be sorted out and discarded, and the economic losses caused by heating multiplication are immeasurable. As described above, the present invention sprays a cinnamaldehyde emulsifier on agricultural crops to protect the crops from pests, microorganisms, and pathogens, eliminates the economic losses described above, and allows producers who use this agent to It is useful for health management and preservation of the facility's internal environment. Among the filamentous fungi for which this agent is highly effective, those belonging to Ascomycetes are effective against powdery mildew, cypress disease, peeling disease, and kinkweed disease in strawberries, and powdery mildew, tsurugale disease, kinkweed disease, and kinkweed disease in cucumbers. It belongs to gray mold, Rimmon's disease, sulfur blight, sulfur blight, and tanso blight in strawberries, and in tomatoes, it includes gray mold, trumpet lily, Rimmon's blight, botrytis blight, Hanten's disease, and half-grain blight. The fungi that parasiticize cucumbers, such as tanso blight, black star blight, vine wart blight, and gray mold blight, also belong to Deuteromycota. In addition, algal fungi include strawberry Negusare disease, tomato extract disease, Negusare disease, cucumber downy mildew and extract disease, and basidiomycetes include strawberry Megare disease and cucumber Shirachinu disease. Bacteria include tomato green rot,
There are cabbage diseases, mosaic diseases, cucumber mosaic diseases, and bacterial spot diseases of cucumbers. It is well known that viral pathogens that cause serious damage to agricultural crops are transmitted by various aphids. In order to eliminate this serious disease transmission, it is essential to exterminate aphids. Therefore, when using the cinnamaldehyde emulsion of the present invention, it easily penetrates into the body of aphids due to the excellent penetrating power of the polyether type surfactant, and the synergistic effect with cinnamaldehyde allows enzymes to be absorbed. It is estimated that the aphids are killed by destroying them. Next, test results of the present invention will be listed. 1. Strawberry gray mold (incomplete fungus) effect test (October 22, 1980 to November 5, 1981)

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[Table] 3. Spore germination test for apple spot leaf drop disease (Incomplete fungus) (March 1980) Test method Into the solution on a slide glass
Germination tests were conducted using Alternariamali spores. After 8 hours, the results of microscopic observation were as follows. No additives Addition of 100PPM of cinnamaldehyde 93% 0% Germination test by concentration of cinnamaldehyde (20 hours later) No additions 98.4% Addition of 10PPM of cinnamaldehyde 86.7% 50〃 0 250〃 0 1000″ 0 4 Insecticidal effect test on strawberry aphid (Showa 55
(October 2017) Location: Otani Strawberry Garden, 2111 Sakae, Kitagawabe-cho, Kitasaitama-gun, Saitama Prefecture Test variety: Scale of Danner Hoko Early Test: Vinyl house, double curtain, humidified cultivation, 1 building, 300 _m2 Test method: Untreated area, target area, Cinnamaldehyde plots 100m each ₂ Incidence of target pests Planted in August and regularly sprayed, growth is good. As October continued to have sunny skies, mounds of soil were seen in various places at the base of the plants, ant infestation became more prevalent, and strawberry aphid infestation was observed. Amount and number of chemical sprays Sprayed 100 per 100M2 _twice on October 16th and October 30th on shoots, stems,
A power sprayer with a round 5-head spout was used to spray a mist on the underside of the leaves. Special specimen Two plants infested with strawberry aphids from the non-sprayed area were transplanted into pots, sealed with a plastic bag to prevent the insects from escaping, and a sufficient amount of the target chemical was sprayed on each pot so that it dripped, making it a special specimen. did. Investigation On October 30th, 5 hours after the second spraying, 5 plants were randomly taken from each test plot and investigated for the presence of surviving insects.

[Table] 5 On-site whitefly insecticidal efficacy test (1982)
(October) Test location 1527 Murasaki 41 Eyanagi, Shobu-cho, Minamisaitama-gun, Saitama Prefecture, Gen Ono - Field Test variety Vinyl house suppression cultivation, unheated white-breasted cucumber test scale Incidence of target pests in 1-building, 2-are, 2-row vinyl house 8 Planted in late month. Downy mildew and powdery mildew occur due to overgrowth in greenhouses during harvest. There were many whiteflies. Method of spraying time: Of the 4 areas in the building, 2 areas in one building were used as test areas, and a vinyl film was placed in the middle to block off the target area to prevent the movement of whiteflies.
No spray-free areas were established. The chemical was sprayed at an average rate of 80% in each plot, and the amount of dripping was sprayed.3 test plants were prepared from each plot, and the total number of leaves was counted to determine the number of surviving insects. (2 hours after spraying)

[Table] Cinnamaldehyde emulsifier
10% component amount 100ppm 446 (1 leaf average
0.99 animals)
6 Insecticidal efficacy test of Cucumber cucumber (October 1982) Test location Hisao Shimizu, 861 Kasai, Showa-machi, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture Test variety Vinyl greenhouse cultivation heating control White Cucumber test method Approximately 2,000 plants per building in 10 areas Select 12 plants that have developed more vine cracking and have clearly been damaged by Citrus chinensis.Dilute A-section EDB emulsion 1,2-dibromoethane 80% to 5 times.B-section D-D agent dichloropropene 55%.
Diluted 10% cinnamaldehyde as the undiluted solution in District C. Diluted 1000 times with cinnamaldehyde in District D. Non-sprayed district. Chemical spraying method and amount. I covered it with For plot B, 3 c.c. of the stock solution was injected into the stock and the same method as for plot A was used. For section C, dilute the 10% solution 1000 times and inject 300 c.c. into the base of the plant. Investigation method: 10 days after injection, remove the roots and wash them thoroughly 4
After cutting into ~5 cm pieces and leaving them for 24 hours in a commonly used Behrmann funnel,
The water at the bottom of the funnel was drained and the water was examined using a microscope to see if there were any centipedes in the water.
This method is a well-known test method that utilizes the fact that the centipede swims out from the roots and accumulates at the bottom of the funnel.

[Table] Example 30% ethylene oxide in hydrophobic polypropylene glycol molecular weight 3250 in hot water of 80℃ to 100℃
Add 100 c.c. of polyether type surfactant containing
To adjust H, L, and B, 100 c.c. of a hydrophilic type containing 40% of molecular weight 1750 was added and stirred for more than 30 minutes in a homogenizer at about 6000 revolutions per minute to obtain a stable cinnamaldehyde emulsifier. This emulsifier
The intended purpose can be achieved by diluting it 1000 to 2000 times with water and spraying it on various crops to exterminate target pests.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for protecting agricultural crops, which comprises removing an emulsifier of cinnamaldehyde from agricultural crops to protect the crops from pests, microorganisms, and disease bacteria that harm them.