JPS61253069A - Single needle diagnostic circuit apparatus with storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of Application The present invention relates to a circuit device used during extracorporeal circulation of blood in artificial dialysis.

The present invention relates to a device useful for performing extracorporeal circulation using a single needle or single tube indwelling blood passage.

(2) Conventional techniques (nei) In artificial dialysis, a typical example of extracorporeal circulation using a single-needle blood passage is the single-needle dialysis method. Although this method reduces patient pain, it requires a special machine to switch between inflow and outflow, is less efficient than multineedle dialysis, and takes a long time to perform dialysis. Its use in dialysis is decreasing.

However, in recent years, as punctures are performed every time dialysis is performed, there are an increasing number of cases where the internal shunt has to be placed near the elbow, where the permissible puncture site is narrow and only one needle can be inserted. ing. In addition, in cases where there is no internal shunt when introducing dialysis, cases with shunt complications, acute drug poisoning, fulminant hepatitis, collagen disease, etc., it can be used for emergency extracorporeal circulation in the blood purification method required for these treatments. Increasingly, single-tube blood passages, in which a single-lumen catheter is placed in a vein as a temporary blood outlet, are being used. Therefore, many attempts have been made to improve the inferiority of single-needle type and single-tube type blood passage extracorporeal circulation to that of double-needle type, but the problem is still not completely resolved.

The conventional single-needle transillumination method (') is outlined in Figure 1 (configuration diagram of a three-person Ii3 analysis circuit device)).Blood is pumped from the human body into a needle or catheter (1) by the operation of a blood flow pump (4). Dialyzer (artificial kidney device) 5
(This circuit will be referred to as the A side for short). The blood dialyzed by the dialyzer passes through the side chamber 6 and returns to the piping 3, Y-shaped tube 2, and needle (or catheter) 1 (
This circuit is abbreviated as the V side). The switching device 8 in this figure is the A' side circuit.

The V-side circuit is controlled by opening and closing a solenoid valve, and when the A-side circuit is opened, blood is sent from the human body to the dialyzer, and when the V-side circuit is opened, the blood after dialysis is returned to the human body. become.

The disadvantages of the above-mentioned single needle dialysis method are that when the A-side circuit is closed by the switching device 8, the blood flow pump 4 idles, and one end of the Y-tube 2 and the needle (or catheter) connected thereto. 1 serves as a so-called A-side circuit and a V-side circuit.When each circuit is switched, the blood in the needle or catheter 1 at one end of the Y-tube is returned from the V-side circuit without being dialyzed. (i.e., one end of the Y-tube and the needle or catheter become dead space), and furthermore, when the switching device 8 simultaneously occludes the A-side circuit and the V-side circuit, the blood flow pump 4 is in operation, so the blood that has undergone dialysis flows from the side decoy passage through the branch of Y-tube 2 and goes around to the enclosure A (!!lJ), causing the blood to re-enter.

These include circulating blood, or re-suctioning blood that has been returned to the body after dialysis.

In order to compensate for these drawbacks, it is necessary to reduce the switching between opening and closing of the A-side circuit and the V-side circuit.

For example, when blood flow of 200 ml per second is switched 20 times, 1Q ml of blood flows into the circuit each time. 4) When the blood flow is switched 10 times, 23 ml of blood flows into the circuit.
], the pressure rises abnormally, and the dialyzer 5 dehydrates too much blood, which is inappropriate for medical treatment.

(3) Solution Means It is necessary to provide a blood reservoir in the V-side circuit as a means to reduce the number of times each circuit/path is switched between opening and closing and to prevent the pressure from increasing.

That is, by temporarily retaining blood that has completed dialysis in a reservoir, blood can flow until the reservoir is full even if the number of switching operations is reduced, thereby preventing the pressure from increasing. Therefore, the size of the reservoir must be adapted to the above purpose. Next, the reservoir must have the function of discharging the blood retained in it. For this purpose, the reservoir should be formed so that it has a balloon shape when expanded and a tubular shape when deflated.

Therefore, the material of the reservoir should be one with a good elongation rate, and
Materials that can contract by themselves are desirable, but for the purpose of blood retention, materials with good antithrombotic properties, such as silicone rubber,
Suitable materials include polyurethane elastomer and modified natural rubber.

Note that the reservoir may be contracted by the pressure of gas or liquid. Furthermore, it is necessary to cover the reservoir with an overcap of metal or other suitable material which demarcates its expansion to prevent the risk of over-expansion and rupture. The shape of the outer cover may be any suitable shape, such as a balloon shape or a □cylindrical shape.

(4) Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 2 and 3 are block diagrams showing the embodiment of the present invention.
The piping 36 of the side circuit and the reservoir 9 covered with the outer cover 10 are connected by fitting or other appropriate method. The reservoir 9 is formed so that blood can flow therethrough when the solenoid valve of the switching device 8 is opened as shown in FIG. 2, and blood can be stored when the solenoid valve is closed as shown in FIG. Must be.

Therefore, it is desirable that the material has a good extensibility, but it must also have good antithrombotic properties, so it is appropriate to use silicone rubber or the like.

In this way, when the reservoir opens the solenoid valve,
Although it is possible to discharge the accumulated blood by its own contraction force, it is also desirable to provide a device that allows gas or liquid to flow between the reservoir and the outer cover, and uses the pressure to assist the contraction of the reservoir. The outer cover 10 may have an appropriate shape such as a balloon shape or a cylindrical shape, but it should have a size appropriate to the capacity of the reservoir 9 so that it does not expand excessively and burst, and be made of metal or plastic deck. Other materials that are not easily damaged should be used.

(5) Effects of the invention Artificial dialysis involves transferring a large amount of blood from the human body to a dialysis machine, performing dialysis using an artificial kidney machine (dialyzer), removing waste products such as urea and water from the blood, and then returning it to the human body. This is a medical procedure that requires patients to perform tasks over long periods of time, which places a heavy burden on patients. The put space of currently commonly used needles or catheters and Y-tubes is approximately 1
．． 5 to 2 ml, so the amount of ineffective blood flow caused by this from the start to the end of dialysis is extremely large.
becomes.

Therefore, reducing ineffective blood flow according to the present invention significantly reduces the burden on the patient.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a conventional single needle artificial dialysis device, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are block diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention and its operation. 1: Needle or catheter 2: Y-shaped tubes 3 and 3: Piping 4: Blood flow pump 5: Dialyzer 6 2V side chamber 7: Pressure gauge 8
= Switching device 9: Reservoir 10: Outer cover, 1' Application agent Osamu Ogawa - ~ n size old

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Single-needle artificial dialysis circuit device characterized by providing a reservoir 9 and an outer cover 10 in the blood circulation circuit