JPS61248692A - Detector for inter-frame motion vector of television signal - Google Patents

Detector for inter-frame motion vector of television signal

Info

Publication number
JPS61248692A
JPS61248692A JP60088540A JP8854085A JPS61248692A JP S61248692 A JPS61248692 A JP S61248692A JP 60088540 A JP60088540 A JP 60088540A JP 8854085 A JP8854085 A JP 8854085A JP S61248692 A JPS61248692 A JP S61248692A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
motion vector
frame
block
circuit
previous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP60088540A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaaki Takizawa
正明 滝沢
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP60088540A priority Critical patent/JPS61248692A/en
Publication of JPS61248692A publication Critical patent/JPS61248692A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a circuit constitution by utilizing the statistical characteristics of a picture image, estimating the motion vector of the present block from that of the block detected and detecting the motion vector within the range of the estimated value. CONSTITUTION:The signal in the previous TV frame which is delayed by a frame memory 1 is also delayed by a line memory 2 and a 1 picture element delay element 3. A multiplexer 11 selects several signal (9, in this case) which are corresponded with the motion vector of the block just before out of 25 TV signals in the previous TV frame and by a differential circuit 4, it calculates the difference between the TV signal of the present TV frame with those of the above TV signals. The difference value is compared at a comparison circuit 5 and the difference value which has the strongest correlation with the present frame is selected, and the sum of the value and the motion vector of the block just before are calculated by an adder 12 and an actual motion vector is calculated. By the result of the above calculation, the delay volume in a delay circuit 6 is controlled and is inputted to an encoding circuit 7 resulting an encoding. Also, the result of the calculation is delayed by one block for the estimation of the motion vector in the next block by a delay circuit 13.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は、TV信号のフレーム間の動きベクトルの検出
方式に係り、特にそれの簡単化に好適な手段の捉供に関
する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for detecting a motion vector between frames of a TV signal, and particularly to a means suitable for simplifying the detection method.

(]) 〔発明の背景〕 画像の高能率符号化における動き補償フレーム間符号化
や、フレーム間時間領域フィルタによるTV雑音軽減装
置におけるパラメータ制御用等にTV信号のフレーム間
の動きベクトル検出が必要である(例えば、「画像のデ
ィジタル信号処理]吹技敬彦著2日刊工業新聞社発行)
(]) [Background of the Invention] Motion vector detection between frames of TV signals is necessary for motion compensated interframe coding in high-efficiency image coding and parameter control in TV noise reduction devices using interframe time domain filters. (For example, "Digital signal processing of images" by Takahiko Fukigi, published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun)
.

いくつかあるベクトル検出法の中で、よく使用されるも
のに、連続する2枚のTVフレームを少しずつずらしな
がら差が最小になるところを探し、その位置を動きとす
る方法がある。即ち、第1図に示すように、前フレーム
の画像g+−+ (x+ y)と現フレームの画像g+
(x+ y)を考え、gt−0(x、y)をずらして、 あるいは を求める。ここで、画像g<(x+ y)は通常4×4
、または8×8程度の画素をQi位としてブロクり化さ
れる。
Among several vector detection methods, one that is often used is a method in which two consecutive TV frames are shifted little by little to find the point where the difference is minimized, and that position is determined as a movement. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the previous frame image g+-+ (x+ y) and the current frame image g+
Consider (x+y), shift gt-0(x, y), and find or. Here, the image g<(x+y) is usually 4×4
, or blocks are created by setting approximately 8×8 pixels as Qi.

これを、リアルタイムで動作させるためには、大きなハ
ードウェアを要する。何らの工夫もせずにリアルタイム
で動作させるためには、ξ×η個の処理回路で並列に差
分の2乗、あるいは絶対値の総和を計算する必要がある
からである。
In order to operate this in real time, large hardware is required. This is because, in order to operate in real time without any modifications, it is necessary to calculate the square of the difference or the sum of absolute values in parallel using ξ×η processing circuits.

従って、これを経済的に実現するためには、上記の並列
の処理回路数を減少することが必須である。このための
従来の手法は大別して以下の2通りが知られる。
Therefore, in order to realize this economically, it is essential to reduce the number of parallel processing circuits. Conventional methods for this purpose can be broadly classified into the following two types.

第1は、前フレームの動きベクトルを利用して、現フレ
ームでの探す範囲をずらす方法である。
The first method is to use the motion vector of the previous frame to shift the search range in the current frame.

第2の方法は、繰り返し法により、まず粗い密度で探し
、次に最もずれが小さいと判定されたベクトルを含む範
囲を細かい密度で探すものである。
The second method uses an iterative method to first search with a coarse density, and then search with a fine density for a range that includes the vector determined to have the smallest deviation.

第1の方法は、前フレームの動きバク1〜ルを記憶する
手段を必要とし、第2の方法は、多段の処理回路を要す
るか、又は、1段で繰り返し演算するためには高速化す
ることが必要である。
The first method requires a means to store the movement background of the previous frame, and the second method requires a multi-stage processing circuit or requires a high-speed calculation for repeated calculations in one stage. It is necessary.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明の目的は、より簡単な手法により動きベクトルを
検出する手段を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a means for detecting a motion vector using a simpler method.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

上記目的を達成するため、本発明では相隣り合うブロッ
クの動きベクトルが、画像の統計的性質によって高い相
関を有することを利用し、既に検出ずみのブロックの動
きベクトルから現ブロックの動きベクトルを予測し、そ
の予測値を中心とする範囲で動きベクトルを検出するこ
とを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention utilizes the fact that motion vectors of adjacent blocks have a high correlation due to the statistical properties of images, and predicts the motion vector of the current block from the motion vector of the already detected block. The method is characterized in that a motion vector is detected in a range centered around the predicted value.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下、図面により、本発明の一実施例を説明する。第2
図は従来の動きベクトル検出回路である。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Second
The figure shows a conventional motion vector detection circuit.

ここでは動きベクトルは左右」−下方向に各々±2の範
囲とする。動作は次の通りである。
Here, the motion vectors are in the range of ±2 in the left and right direction and downward direction. The operation is as follows.

即ち、フレームメモリ1により遅延された前TVフレー
ムの信号は、さらにラインメモリ2と1画素遅延素子3
とにより遅延され、差分回路4により現TVフレームの
TV信号との差がとられる。その差分回路4の出力は、
比較回路5により比較され、現TVフレームとの差分が
最も小さいものが選択される。その選択結果により、前
TVフレームのTV信号を遅延する可変遅延回路6の遅
延量を制御し、現TVフレームとの差分が小さいものを
選択する。その選択結果と現TVフレームのTV信号と
の相関を符号化量[7で符号化し、伝送路8へ送出する
。同時に、次のTVフレームのために、現TVフレーム
の信号をフレームメモリ1に書込む。
That is, the signal of the previous TV frame delayed by the frame memory 1 is further transmitted to the line memory 2 and the one-pixel delay element 3.
The difference circuit 4 calculates the difference between the current TV frame and the TV signal. The output of the differential circuit 4 is
The comparison circuit 5 compares the frames, and selects the one with the smallest difference from the current TV frame. Based on the selection result, the delay amount of the variable delay circuit 6 that delays the TV signal of the previous TV frame is controlled, and the one with the smallest difference from the current TV frame is selected. The correlation between the selection result and the TV signal of the current TV frame is encoded with a coding amount [7] and sent to the transmission path 8. At the same time, the signal of the current TV frame is written into the frame memory 1 for the next TV frame.

次に本発明による実施例を第3図により示す。Next, an embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG.

第2図と同一番号の部分は同一の機能を示す。Parts with the same numbers as in FIG. 2 indicate the same functions.

本発明の実施例により新たに追加された部分の動作を説
明すると、まずマルチプレクサ11は、上記の25個の
前TVフレームのTV信号のうち、直前のブロックの動
きベクトルに対応するいくつかの信号(ここでは9個)
、を選択し、上記の差分回路4により、差分を計算する
。その差分値は、これも上記の比較回路5により比較さ
れ、上記9つのTV信号中で、最も現フレームと相関の
強いものが選ばれる。その選択結果と、上記の直前のブ
ロックの動きベクトルとの和を、加算回路12によりと
り、実際の動きバク1−ルを計算する。その計算結果に
より、遅延回路6の遅延量を制御し、符号化回路7に入
力して符号化を行なう。また、その計算結果は、次のブ
ロックの動きベクトルの予測のために、遅延回路13に
より1ブロック分遅延させる。
To explain the operation of the newly added part according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, the multiplexer 11 selects some signals corresponding to the motion vector of the immediately previous block among the TV signals of the 25 previous TV frames. (9 pieces here)
, and the difference is calculated by the difference circuit 4 described above. The difference values are also compared by the above-mentioned comparison circuit 5, and among the above-mentioned nine TV signals, the one having the strongest correlation with the current frame is selected. The addition circuit 12 calculates the sum of the selection result and the motion vector of the immediately preceding block to calculate the actual motion vector. Based on the calculation result, the delay amount of the delay circuit 6 is controlled and input to the encoding circuit 7 for encoding. Further, the calculation result is delayed by one block by the delay circuit 13 in order to predict the motion vector of the next block.

次に現ブロックの動きベクトルを検出する範囲の一例を
第4図により説明する。即ち、前ブロックの動きベクト
ルが左へ1、上へ1の時、現ブロックは、図の斜線の範
囲Aのみ検索する。なお図のBで示した範囲が従来の動
きベクトル検出範囲である。
Next, an example of the range in which the motion vector of the current block is detected will be explained with reference to FIG. That is, when the motion vector of the previous block is 1 to the left and 1 to the top, only the diagonally shaded range A in the figure is searched for the current block. Note that the range indicated by B in the figure is the conventional motion vector detection range.

なお、本発明は次の変形を有することは明らかである。Note that it is clear that the present invention has the following modifications.

(1)前ブロックの動きベクトルの絶対値が大きく、現
ブロックの検出する範囲が、第5図に示すように、ある
一定値より外側に出た場合には、動きベクトルの予測値
を制限してもよい。
(1) If the absolute value of the motion vector of the previous block is large and the detection range of the current block is outside a certain value as shown in Figure 5, the predicted value of the motion vector is limited. You can.

(2)動きベクトルの予測には、前ブロックの他に、直
11のブロックと前ブロックの2次元的な組合せを用い
てもよい。この時、画像の統計的な性質より、左右方向
の動きは」二下のブロック間で強い相関をもち、−1−
下方向の動きは左右のブロック間で強い相関を持つこと
を活用し、左右方向と」二下方向との動きベク[・ルの
予測係数を互いに異ならしめてもよい。
(2) In addition to the previous block, a two-dimensional combination of the next 11 blocks and the previous block may be used for motion vector prediction. At this time, due to the statistical properties of the image, the left and right movements have a strong correlation between the two lower blocks, and -1-
Taking advantage of the fact that downward motion has a strong correlation between left and right blocks, the prediction coefficients of the motion vectors in the left and right directions and in the two downward directions may be made different from each other.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以」−:説明したように、本発明によれば、画像の続開
的性質を活用することにより、動きベクトルの検出回路
の構成を簡単にできるので実用」二の効果がある。
As described above, according to the present invention, the structure of the motion vector detection circuit can be simplified by utilizing the continuous nature of images, so that it has two practical effects.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1.第4.第5図は本発明の説明図、第2図は従来の
動きバク1ヘル検出回路によるフレーム間符号化装置の
ブロック図、第3図は本発明による動きベクトル検出回
路によるフレーム間符号化装置のブロック図である。 1・・・フレームメモリ、2・・・ラインメモリ、3・
・・1画素遅延素子、4・・・差分回路、5・・・比較
回路、6・・可変遅延回路、7・・・符号化回路、8・
・伝送路、]1・・・マルチプレクサ、12・・・加算
回路、13・・・遅延回路。 代理人 弁理士 小川’(””’、 ;
1st. 4th. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an interframe encoding device using a conventional motion vector detection circuit, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an interframe encoding device using a motion vector detection circuit according to the present invention. It is a block diagram. 1... Frame memory, 2... Line memory, 3...
... 1 pixel delay element, 4... Differential circuit, 5... Comparison circuit, 6... Variable delay circuit, 7... Encoding circuit, 8...
- Transmission line, ]1...Multiplexer, 12...Addition circuit, 13...Delay circuit. Agent Patent Attorney Ogawa'(""', ;

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] TV信号を1TVフレーム遅延させるためのフレームメ
モリと、遅延された前TVフレームと現TVフレームを
ずらせながら最も相関の強いずれを検出する手段とを有
する動きベクトル検出装置において、検出ずみのブロッ
クの動きベクトルを用いて現ブロックの動きベクトルを
予測し、その予測されたベクトルを中心とする範囲のみ
前TVフレームをずらし、そのずらした範囲内で最も相
関の強いずれを検出し、動きベクトルとすることを特徴
とするTV信号のフレーム間動きベクトル検出装置。
In a motion vector detection device having a frame memory for delaying a TV signal by one TV frame, and means for detecting which one has the strongest correlation while shifting the delayed previous TV frame and the current TV frame, the motion of the detected block is detected. Predict the motion vector of the current block using the vector, shift the previous TV frame only within the range centered around the predicted vector, detect the strongest correlation within the shifted range, and use it as the motion vector. An interframe motion vector detection device for TV signals, characterized by:
JP60088540A 1985-04-26 1985-04-26 Detector for inter-frame motion vector of television signal Pending JPS61248692A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60088540A JPS61248692A (en) 1985-04-26 1985-04-26 Detector for inter-frame motion vector of television signal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60088540A JPS61248692A (en) 1985-04-26 1985-04-26 Detector for inter-frame motion vector of television signal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61248692A true JPS61248692A (en) 1986-11-05

Family

ID=13945677

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60088540A Pending JPS61248692A (en) 1985-04-26 1985-04-26 Detector for inter-frame motion vector of television signal

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61248692A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4985768A (en) * 1989-01-20 1991-01-15 Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. Inter-frame predictive encoding system with encoded and transmitted prediction error
JPH0352081A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-03-06 Fujitsu Ltd Monitor for self-running car
US5016010A (en) * 1989-01-24 1991-05-14 Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. System for controlling a number of bits required to represent coded output data

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54124927A (en) * 1978-03-23 1979-09-28 Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> Detecting method for moving vector

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54124927A (en) * 1978-03-23 1979-09-28 Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> Detecting method for moving vector

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4985768A (en) * 1989-01-20 1991-01-15 Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. Inter-frame predictive encoding system with encoded and transmitted prediction error
USRE34965E (en) * 1989-01-20 1995-06-13 Victor Company Of Japan Limited Inter-frame predictive encoding system with encoded and transmitted prediction error
US5016010A (en) * 1989-01-24 1991-05-14 Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. System for controlling a number of bits required to represent coded output data
JPH0352081A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-03-06 Fujitsu Ltd Monitor for self-running car

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