JPS61244880A - Low temperature geothermal power system - Google Patents
Low temperature geothermal power systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61244880A JPS61244880A JP8684485A JP8684485A JPS61244880A JP S61244880 A JPS61244880 A JP S61244880A JP 8684485 A JP8684485 A JP 8684485A JP 8684485 A JP8684485 A JP 8684485A JP S61244880 A JPS61244880 A JP S61244880A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- turbine
- geothermal
- carbon dioxide
- low temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、低温の地熱で電力を発生させる低温地熱発電
システムに関するものである６〔従来の技術〕
地熱流体の温度があまり高くない場合や、地熱流体が化
学的に強い酸性であるため蒸気タービンのケーシングや
羽根の材料として耐蝕性の十分なものが得られず信頼性
に問題がある場合などに作動媒体を使ったバイナリ−サ
イクル発電が採用される。このバイナリ−サイ）ル発電
では、地熱流体の熱エネルギーを作動媒体に伝えて蒸発
せしめ、その作動媒体の蒸気によりタービンを駆動しこ
れに連結した発電機により電力を発生させているが、そ
の作動媒体としては、間接接触型のフロン系の媒体を使
ったものと直接接触型の二酸化炭素を使ったものとに大
別される。フロン系としては、Ｒ１１（Ｃ１（ｉｃｔＦ
）、Ｒ１２（ＣＨｚｈ） 、Ｒ１１３（ＣｚＣ１ｓＦ３
） 、Ｒ１１４（Ｃ１ＣＩＫＦ４） 、Ｒ１１５（Ｃｚ
ＣＩＦｓ）、Ｒ１２４（ｃ！ＨＣＩＦ４）、イソブタン
（Ｃ４Ｈ１１１）及びアンモニア（Ｎｌｈ）などがある
。これらは、熱水入口温度とその流量が同じでも、臨界
圧力・温度が異なるため最大出力に差がある。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a low-temperature geothermal power generation system that generates electric power using low-temperature geothermal heat.6 [Prior Art] Binary cycle power generation using a working medium is used when geothermal fluids are chemically strongly acidic, so materials with sufficient corrosion resistance cannot be obtained for steam turbine casings and blades, resulting in reliability problems. Adopted. In binary sile power generation, the thermal energy of the geothermal fluid is transferred to a working medium and evaporated, and the steam of the working medium drives a turbine, which is then connected to a generator to generate electricity. The medium is broadly divided into indirect contact type using fluorocarbon-based media and direct contact type using carbon dioxide. As a fluorocarbon type, R11(C1(ictF
), R12 (CHzh), R113 (CzC1sF3
), R114 (C1CIKF4), R115 (Cz
CIFs), R124 (c!HCIF4), isobutane (C4H111) and ammonia (Nlh). Even if the hot water inlet temperature and flow rate are the same, there is a difference in maximum output because the critical pressure and temperature are different.
しかし、従来の発電では地熱の温度はいずれも１５０℃
以上であり、８０℃程度の地熱蒸気では発電効率が悪い
ため、現状では発電用の蒸気の対象としては考慮されて
いない。フロン系では、入口温度が１００℃でも３７％
程度の低い最大出力比しか確保できない。However, in conventional power generation, the geothermal temperature is 150℃.
As described above, geothermal steam at a temperature of about 80° C. has low power generation efficiency, so it is not currently being considered as a steam for power generation. With fluorocarbons, 37% even if the inlet temperature is 100℃
Only a low maximum output ratio can be secured.
他方ＣＯ３を媒体として用いる発電システムでは、地下
エネルギーを吸収した地熱流体にＣＯ，を直接接触させ
て熱交換し、高圧ＣＯ２ガスにしてタービンを駆動する
システムが提案されているが、ここでは、ＣＯ，を媒体
として用いた場合の地熱流体の最大利用効率が追求され
ていない。On the other hand, in a power generation system that uses CO3 as a medium, a system has been proposed in which CO is brought into direct contact with geothermal fluid that has absorbed underground energy to exchange heat and convert it into high-pressure CO2 gas to drive a turbine. , the maximum utilization efficiency of geothermal fluid is not pursued when geothermal fluid is used as a medium.
本発明は、上記の考察に基づくものであって、ＣＯ２を
媒体として用い低、温の地熱流体でも高い発電効率で電
力を発生することができる低温地熱発電システムの提供
を目的とするものである。The present invention is based on the above considerations, and aims to provide a low-temperature geothermal power generation system that can generate electric power with high power generation efficiency even with low-temperature geothermal fluid using CO2 as a medium. .
そのために本発明の低温地熱発電システムは、低温の地
熱流体の熱エネルギーを利用してタービンを駆動しター
ビンに連結した発電機により電力を発生させる低温地熱
発電システムであって、二酸化炭素を媒体として用い、
低温の地熱流体により間接接触で二酸化炭素を昇温、昇
圧してタービンを駆動することを特徴とするものである
。To this end, the low-temperature geothermal power generation system of the present invention is a low-temperature geothermal power generation system that uses the thermal energy of low-temperature geothermal fluid to drive a turbine and generate electric power with a generator connected to the turbine, using carbon dioxide as a medium. use,
It is characterized by increasing the temperature and pressure of carbon dioxide through indirect contact with low-temperature geothermal fluid to drive a turbine.
本発明の低温地熱発電システムでは、臨界温度３５℃、
７０ｋｇ／−の特性と安定した二酸化炭素の性状を活用
し、二酸化炭素を媒体として用いることによって、５０
〜８０℃程度の低温の地熱流体で昇温、昇圧してタービ
ンを駆動する。また、熱交換を行った後の地熱流体は、
温泉その他の活用システムに利用する。In the low-temperature geothermal power generation system of the present invention, the critical temperature is 35°C,
By utilizing the characteristics of 70kg/- and stable properties of carbon dioxide, and using carbon dioxide as a medium, 50kg/-
Geothermal fluid at a low temperature of ~80°C is heated and pressurized to drive the turbine. In addition, the geothermal fluid after heat exchange is
Used for hot springs and other utilization systems.
以下、図面を参照しつつ実施例を説明する。 Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の低温地熱発電システムの１実施例を示
す図であり、１は地熱生産井、２は予熱・蒸発器、３は
タービン、４は発電機、５は圧縮ポンプ、６はコンデン
サ、７は媒体ポンプを示す。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the low-temperature geothermal power generation system of the present invention, in which 1 is a geothermal production well, 2 is a preheater/evaporator, 3 is a turbine, 4 is a generator, 5 is a compression pump, and 6 is a Condenser, 7 indicates the medium pump.
第１図において、媒体としてＣＯ！を用い、このＣＯｔ
を媒体ポンプ７により予熱・蒸発器２に供給する。また
この予熱・蒸発器２には、地熱生産井１から抽出された
６５〜８０℃程度の低温の地熱流体を供給する。そして
、この予熱・蒸発器２において６５〜８０℃程度の低温
の地熱流体と媒体のＣＯ，との熱交換を行う。媒体のＣ
Ｏｔは、臨界温度３５℃、７０ｋｇ／ｃｄであり、これ
を６５℃、１３０ｋｇ ／−に昇温、昇圧しても熱分解
することなく安定性がある。そこで、この臨界温度３５
℃、７０ｋｇ／ｃ＋Ｊの特性と安定したＣＯ８の性状を
活用して、媒体のＣＯｔを６５℃、１３０ｋｇ ／ｃｄ
に昇温、昇圧してタービン３に供給する。これによりタ
ービン３を駆動し発電機４により電力を発生する。予熱
・蒸発器２から排出される低温の地熱流体は、温泉その
他の熱水利用システムに導く。また、タービン稼動後の
ＣＯ２は、圧縮ポンプ５によって冷却、圧縮して液化し
コンデンサ６に返却する。そして、この媒体のＣＯｔは
コンデンサ６から再び媒体ポンプ７により予熱・蒸発器
２に供給され循環する。In FIG. 1, CO! is used as a medium. using this COt
is supplied to the preheating/evaporator 2 by the medium pump 7. Further, the preheater/evaporator 2 is supplied with geothermal fluid extracted from the geothermal production well 1 and at a low temperature of about 65 to 80°C. In this preheating/evaporator 2, heat exchange is performed between the geothermal fluid at a low temperature of about 65 to 80°C and the medium CO. Medium C
Ot has a critical temperature of 35° C. and 70 kg/cd, and is stable without being thermally decomposed even if the temperature and pressure are increased to 65° C. and 130 kg/cd. Therefore, this critical temperature of 35
℃, 70kg/c+J and the stable properties of CO8, the COt of the medium is 65℃, 130kg/cd.
The temperature and pressure are increased to supply the turbine 3. This drives the turbine 3 and causes the generator 4 to generate electric power. The low temperature geothermal fluid discharged from the preheater/evaporator 2 is led to a hot spring or other hot water utilization system. Further, CO2 after the turbine is operated is cooled and compressed by the compression pump 5 to be liquefied and returned to the condenser 6. Then, this medium COt is again supplied from the condenser 6 to the preheater/evaporator 2 by the medium pump 7 and circulated.
第２図は本発明に係るシステムのサイクルを説明するた
めの熱力学線図である。第２図において、縦軸は温度Ｔ
１横軸はエンタルピｈ （ｋｃａｌ／ｋｇ）、１１と１
３は媒体としてＣＯ８を使った場合における地熱流体の
温度変化線とＣＯ□の飽和蒸気線、１２と１４は媒体と
してフロン系を使った場合における地熱流体の温度変化
線とフロン系の飽和蒸気線を示す。FIG. 2 is a thermodynamic diagram for explaining the cycle of the system according to the present invention. In Figure 2, the vertical axis is the temperature T
1 The horizontal axis is enthalpy h (kcal/kg), 11 and 1
3 is the temperature change line of the geothermal fluid and the saturated steam line of CO□ when CO8 is used as the medium, 12 and 14 are the temperature change line of the geothermal fluid and the saturated steam line of the fluorocarbon system when a fluorocarbon system is used as the medium. shows.
媒体としてフロン系を使った場合、媒体は、ａからｂま
でポンプで昇圧され、その後■′から■まで温度変化す
る地熱流体で加熱されエンタルピが増加してｂ−ｃ’−
ｃ’まで予熱・蒸発する。そして、タービンでＣ＃から
ｄまで膨張して仕事（タービンを駆動）し、ｄ−ｅ−ａ
まで冷却・凝縮されて初めの状態に戻る。これに対して
媒体としてＣＯ２を使った場合、媒体は、ａからｂまで
ポンプで昇圧された後、■から■まで温度変化する地熱
流体で加熱されエンタルピが増加してｂからＣまで予熱
・蒸発する。従って、地熱流体の出口温度が同じｔ、で
ある場合、ＣＯ□を媒体とするときの地熱流体の入口温
度ｔ２は、フロン系を媒体とするときの地熱流体の入口
温度む、よりも大幅に低くなり、１．−１．に対し１．
−１．と使用できる温度範囲及び地熱流体の放出熱量に
対する最大出力（１＋ １＋に対するｃ ’−ｄ、
ｔ、−ｔ、に対するｃ −ｄ ）比は非常に優れた結果
が得られる。When a fluorocarbon system is used as the medium, the medium is pressurized by a pump from a to b, and then heated by geothermal fluid whose temperature changes from ■' to ■, enthalpy increases and b-c'-
Preheat and evaporate to c'. Then, it expands from C# to d in the turbine, does work (drives the turbine), and d-e-a
It is cooled and condensed until it returns to its initial state. On the other hand, when CO2 is used as a medium, the medium is pressurized by a pump from a to b, then heated by geothermal fluid whose temperature changes from ■ to ■, increasing enthalpy and preheating and evaporating from b to C. do. Therefore, when the outlet temperature of the geothermal fluid is the same t, the inlet temperature t2 of the geothermal fluid when CO□ is used as a medium is significantly higher than the inlet temperature of the geothermal fluid when a fluorocarbon system is used as a medium. 1. -1. Against 1.
-1. Maximum output for the usable temperature range and heat release amount of the geothermal fluid (c'-d for 1+ 1+,
Very good results are obtained for the c -d ) ratio to t, -t.
以上に説明したように、媒体としてＣＯ２を用い昇温、
昇圧値を６５℃、１３０ｋｇ ／ｃｄ程度にしてタービ
ンを駆動すると、そのための地熱流体の温度も６５〜８
０℃程度でも十分活用できる。さらには、媒体のＣＯ□
の臨界温度３５℃よりも高い地熱流体であれば５０℃の
地熱流体であっても、臨界状態を越えて媒体を昇温、昇
圧させることができるので、タービンを駆動することが
できる。従って、低温の地熱流体の生産される温泉地に
おいても、地熱発電を行うことができ、多目的利用に供
することにより、地熱流体の総合利用効率を上げること
ができる。As explained above, by increasing the temperature using CO2 as a medium,
When the turbine is driven with a pressure increase value of 65℃ and 130kg/cd, the temperature of the geothermal fluid for that purpose also increases from 65 to 8℃.
It can be fully used even at temperatures around 0℃. Furthermore, the CO□ of the medium
Even if the geothermal fluid has a temperature higher than the critical temperature of 35° C., it is possible to raise the temperature and pressure of the medium beyond the critical state, so that the turbine can be driven. Therefore, even in hot spring areas where low-temperature geothermal fluid is produced, geothermal power generation can be performed, and by using the geothermal fluid for multiple purposes, the overall utilization efficiency of the geothermal fluid can be increased.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、臨界
温度３５℃、７０ｋｇ ／−の二酸化炭素を６５℃、１
３０ｋｇ ／ｃｎに昇温、昇圧してタービンを駆動する
ため、６５〜８０℃程度の低温の地熱流体でも有効な発
電ができ、高い出力比を得ることができる。従って、温
泉として用いる直前の低温熱水をも発電用に使うことが
できる。また、二酸化炭素は、臨界温度３５℃、７０ｋ
ｇ／ｃ＋Ｊから６５℃、１３０ｋｇ ／−に昇温、昇圧
しても安定性があるので、熱分解による障害も生じない
。As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, 70 kg/- of carbon dioxide at a critical temperature of 35° C. is heated at 65° C. for 1 hour.
Since the turbine is driven by increasing the temperature and pressure to 30 kg/cn, effective power generation can be achieved even with geothermal fluid at a low temperature of about 65 to 80°C, and a high output ratio can be obtained. Therefore, low-temperature hot water immediately before being used as a hot spring can also be used for power generation. In addition, carbon dioxide has a critical temperature of 35°C and 70k
It is stable even when the temperature and pressure are increased from g/c+J to 65°C and 130 kg/-, so no trouble occurs due to thermal decomposition.
第１図は本発明の低温地熱発電システムの１実施例を示
す図、第２図は本発明に係るシステムのサイクルを説明
するための熱力学線図である。
１・・・地熱生産井、２・・・予熱・蒸発器、３・・・
タービン、４・・・発電機、５・・・圧縮ポンプ、６・
・・コンデンサ、７・・・媒体ポンプ。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the low-temperature geothermal power generation system of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a thermodynamic diagram for explaining the cycle of the system according to the present invention. 1...Geothermal production well, 2...Preheater/evaporator, 3...
Turbine, 4... Generator, 5... Compression pump, 6...
... Capacitor, 7... Medium pump.
Claims (2)
ンを駆動しタービンに連結した発電機により電力を発生
させる低温地熱発電システムであって、二酸化炭素を媒
体として用い、低温の地熱流体により間接接触で二酸化
炭素を昇温、昇圧してタービンを駆動することを特徴と
する低温地熱発電システム。(1) A low-temperature geothermal power generation system that uses the thermal energy of low-temperature geothermal fluid to drive a turbine and generate electricity from a generator connected to the turbine, which uses carbon dioxide as a medium and uses low-temperature geothermal fluid to generate electricity. A low-temperature geothermal power generation system that uses contact to raise the temperature and pressure of carbon dioxide to drive a turbine.
昇温、昇圧することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の低温地熱発電システム。(2) The low-temperature geothermal power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that carbon dioxide is heated and pressurized to 65° C. and 130 kg/cm^2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8684485A JPS61244880A (en) | 1985-04-23 | 1985-04-23 | Low temperature geothermal power system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8684485A JPS61244880A (en) | 1985-04-23 | 1985-04-23 | Low temperature geothermal power system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61244880A true JPS61244880A (en) | 1986-10-31 |
Family
ID=13898117
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8684485A Pending JPS61244880A (en) | 1985-04-23 | 1985-04-23 | Low temperature geothermal power system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61244880A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016098192A1 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Geothermal power generation system |
| RU177203U1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-02-13 | Расим Наилович Ахмадиев | Device for operating a geothermal well |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5133242A (en) * | 1974-09-17 | 1976-03-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | FUKURYUBAINARISAIKURUDORYOKUPURANTO |
| JPS56148690A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1981-11-18 | Santi Giunio Guido | Geothermal energy conversion system |
-
1985
- 1985-04-23 JP JP8684485A patent/JPS61244880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5133242A (en) * | 1974-09-17 | 1976-03-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | FUKURYUBAINARISAIKURUDORYOKUPURANTO |
| JPS56148690A (en) * | 1980-03-21 | 1981-11-18 | Santi Giunio Guido | Geothermal energy conversion system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016098192A1 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Geothermal power generation system |
| RU177203U1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-02-13 | Расим Наилович Ахмадиев | Device for operating a geothermal well |
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