JPS6123962B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a riding-type rice transplanter constructed by mounting a seedling planting device on a tractor so that it can be raised and lowered.

Conventionally, this type of rice transplanter has been equipped with a top and bottom part at the bottom of the seedling transplanter in order to maintain the seedling transplanter at a constant height relative to the rice field regardless of changes in the amount of settling of the tractor due to changes in the depth of the tiller. It detects that the rotatably pivoted soil leveling body swings as the seedling planting device rises and falls, and when the soil leveling body swings beyond a certain range with respect to the seedling planting device, the seedling planting device is moved to the tractor. On the other hand, a means of controlling the ground leveling body by automatically raising and lowering it so that the ground pressure acting on the ground leveling body is kept substantially constant has been considered.

However, since this control means detects the amount of rocking of the earth leveling body, the control operation is also performed due to the rocking of the earth leveling body due to the influence of local unevenness of the rice field, so the frequency of elevation control is high. In some cases, it became impossible to perform stable control to smoothly follow the rice field.

In addition, in general, in rice transplanters in which a seedling planting device is connected to a tractor, the seedling planting device does not move up and down parallel to the tractor while maintaining a constant posture, but in many cases, the seedling planting device moves up and down at the pivot connection point with the tractor. Because it is a device that is moved up and down in a rocking manner, when the height of the seedling planting device relative to the tractor changes, the attitude of the seedling planting device relative to the field surface also changes. In the state where the seedling planting device is adjusted to be raised and lowered, the relative posture between the soil leveling body that is properly grounded on the rice field and the seedling planting device differs depending on the depth of the tiller. Therefore, when detecting the amount of rocking of the soil leveling body for the seedling planting device and controlling the elevation as described above,
If the detection standard condition of the rocking change of the soil leveling body is not corrected according to the relative height of the seedling planting device to the tractor,
It was not possible to control the seedling planting device to accurately follow the field.

The present invention is an attempt to solve the above-mentioned problem of automatic lifting control in a rice transplanter in which a seedling planting device is attached to a tractor so as to be able to move up and down. A soil leveling body is pivotably supported at the bottom of the seedling planting device so as to be vertically swingable, and a vertical acting force acts on the pivot point of the soil leveling body as the ground pressure of the soil leveling body changes. is provided with an acting force detection mechanism that detects whether the acting force has changed from a preset value to an increase or decrease, and when the acting force exceeds the set value based on the detection result of the acting force detection mechanism. An advantage of its structure is that it is provided with a lift control device that controls the operation of the lift drive mechanism so that the seedling planting device is driven upward when the value falls below a set value, and the seedling planting device is driven downward when the value falls below a set value. This structure has the following advantages.

In other words, the present invention does not detect the swinging of the earth leveling body around the pivot point, but rather detects the force acting on the pivot point. No elevation control is performed due to simple rocking of the surroundings, and the specified control is performed only when the average ground pressure acting on the entire ground leveling body deviates from the set value. As a result, frequent control is no longer required due to local roughness of the rice field, and stable elevation control that smoothly follows the rice field can now be performed.

In addition, since it does not detect changes in the attitude of the soil leveling body with respect to the seedling planting device, the attitude of the seedling planting device with respect to the field surface changes as the seedling planting device is moved up and down with respect to the tractor, making it impossible for the seedling planting device to properly land on the field surface. Even if the relative posture between the soil leveling body and the seedling planting device changes, the detection standard remains unchanged, and the seedling planting device can be made to follow the rice field under appropriate conditions without having to correct the detection standard in fields with different plowing depths. became easier.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rice transplanter of the present invention has a seedling planting device 2 for planting six rows connected to the rear of a tractor 1 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and pine-shaped seedlings A are placed thereon. While reciprocating and horizontally moving the seedling tray 3 with a constant stroke, six sets of seedling planting mechanisms 4, 4, etc. are operated near the lower end of the seedling tray 3, and one seedling seedling A is planted from the pine-shaped seedlings A. Divide the seedling block and make rice T.
It is designed to be planted in

Next, the connection structure of the seedling planting device 2 to the tractor 1 will be explained.

A pair of left and right lower links 6, 6 and upper links 7, 7 are pivotally connected concentrically to the transmission case 5 (hereinafter referred to as the planting case) of the seedling planting device 2 . a hydraulically driven lift arm 10 for raising and lowering an attachment, the front end of which is pivotally connected to the rear hitch 8 of the tractor 1, and the front ends of upper links 7, 7 provided at the upper part of the rear transmission case 9 of the tractor 1; Long hole 1 in 10
1, and the seedling planting device 2 is configured to swing up and down about the front end pivot point Q of the lower links 6, 6 as the lift arms 10, 10 swing up and down. ing.

Further, a bearing case 12 that can swing around the pivot point Q is pivotally mounted between the lower links 6, 6, and a transmission shaft 14 is supported within the bearing case 12 via a bearing 13. The front end is connected to a PTO shaft 16 at the rear of the tractor via a universal joint 15, and the rear end of the transmission shaft 14 is connected to an input shaft 17 of the planting case 5. Further, the bearing case 12 is supported by the lower links 6, 6 via the left and right support rods 18, 18, and the lower links 6, 6 and the planting case 5 are connected between the upper part of the bearing case 12 and the planting case 5. A connecting rod 19 for adjusting and fixing the relative posture with the attached case 5 is installed so as to be extendable and retractable in multiple stages by means of an operating lever 20.

In addition, at the bottom of the seedling planting device 2 there is a container 4 made of synthetic resin.
Hollow float-like ground leveling bodies 21, 21', .

These earth leveling bodies 21, 21'... have arms 22, 22'... which are pivotally supported concentrically in the rear part of the planting case 5 at their longitudinal intermediate portions (approximately corresponding to the planting position). A bending link is attached to arms 25, 25', which are pivotally connected to the plant via brackets 23, 23', and are juxtaposed and project from a support shaft 24, which is rotatably and horizontally supported on the front part of the planting case 5. 26,2
Near the front ends of each of the soil leveling bodies 21, 21'... are connected via 6'..., and each of the soil leveling bodies 21, 21'... is connected to the intermediate pivot according to a change in the relative distance between the seedling planting device 2 and the rice field T. It is configured to be able to swing up and down about fulcrums P and P'. Also, the arms 22, 22'... and 25, 25', which correspond to the front and rear, are links 27,
27'..., and by adjusting the rotation of the support shaft 24, all the arms 22, 22'... are simultaneously swung, and the intermediate pivot points P, P' of each ground leveling body 21, 21'... are connected to the planting case. In addition to changing the position up and down with respect to 5, the mounting fulcrum R of each bending link 26, 26'... is changed as all the arms 22, 22'... swing, so that the planting depth can be adjusted. It is configured.
Moreover, the bracket 2 of each earth leveling body 21, 21'...
3, 23'... also have a plurality of pivot connecting holes 2 in the vertical direction.
8... are formed, and the planting depth can be adjusted by changing the connecting position of the arms 22, 22'... and the brackets 23, 23'...
The rotational adjustment and fixation of the support shaft 24 are performed by operating an operating lever 29 provided on the support shaft 24 and selectively engaging the multistage fixing locking portion 30.

In the rice transplanter configured as described above, one of the soil leveling bodies 21 21' (the second one from the right in the embodiment) detects the relative distance between the seedling planting device 2 and the rice field T. It operates as a sensor and is configured to automatically control the raising and lowering of the seedling planting device 2 based on the detection result.

In other words, the intermediate bracket 2 of the ground leveling body 21'
3' is the arm 2 for this ground leveling body 21'.
A tension spring 32 is mounted between the other end of the L-shaped arm 31 and the arm 22, and the L-shaped arm 31 is always directed downward. The L-shaped arm 31 is energized to swing according to changes in the ground pressure of the ground leveling body 21'.
is configured to swing. That is, when the soil leveling body 21' is at an appropriate planting depth with respect to the rice field, the biasing force of the tension spring 32 with respect to the pivot point P' of the soil leveling body 21' is the same as that of the soil leveling body 21'. The biasing force of the tension spring 32 is predetermined so as to be a set value that is a standard for determining the increase or decrease of the force acting in the vertical direction on the pivot point P' of the tension spring 3.
2, the function of detecting whether the vertical acting force acting on the pivot point P' due to the fluctuation of the ground pressure of the ground leveling body 21' has changed from a preset value to an increase or decrease. This constitutes a force detection mechanism. An inner wire end of a release wire 33 is connected to the other end of the L-shaped arm 31, and an outer wire end of the release wire 33 is supported by a connecting portion between the arm 22' and the link 27. The swinging displacement of the mold arm 31 is transmitted by a release wire 33 to the control section of the lift arms 10, 10, which is an elevating drive mechanism.

The lift arms 10, 10 are forcibly swung upward and swung downward under their own weight by a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 34, and the hydraulic cylinder 34 is a three-position control valve disposed at the bottom of the seat 48. 35
It is configured to be expanded and contracted and fixed by switching. The control valve 35 constitutes an elevation control device that controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 34 so that the seedling planting device 2 is raised or lowered based on the result of detection of the action force on the tension spring 32 serving as the action force detection mechanism. 7 and 8.
As shown in the figure, the lift arm 10 is configured to swing upward as the spool 36 moves in the U direction, swing downward as the spool 36 moves in the D direction, and hydraulically lock at the neutral position N. The structure is such that manual spool operation and automatic spool operation in response to ground pressure detection of the ground leveling body 21' can be performed.

In other words, the control valve 35 has an inner and outer double shaft 3.
7 and 38 are horizontally supported, and a manual operating lever 39 and a spool operating arm 40 are fixed to the outer shaft 38, and an automatic operating lever 41 and a spool operating fork 42 are fixed to the inner shaft 37. The spool operating arm 40 is disposed so as to be able to abut and press the tip pin 43 of the spool 36 only in the upward operating direction U, and the spool operating fork 42 is engaged with the pin 43 so as to be operable in forward and reverse directions. Further, the valve 35 is engaged with the spool operating arm 40 in the neutral position N, and the manual operating lever 3
A spring ball 44 that maintains the neutral posture of 9 is provided. Furthermore, between the lift arm 10 and the manual operation lever 39, there is an automatic return rod with a stopper that automatically returns the operation lever 39 to the neutral position when the lift arm 10 is swung to the upper and lower limits. 45 have been constructed.

Further, the other inner wire end of the release wire 33 is connected to the automatic operation lever 41, and a compression spring 47 is interposed between the outer wire support member 46 and the automatic operation lever 41. .

Next, the raising and lowering operation of the seedling planting device by the raising and lowering mechanism having the above structure will be explained.

(i) Manual lifting/lowering operation Move the manual operating lever 39 to the rear r from the neutral position n.
When the swinging operation is performed, the spool 36 is moved in the U direction due to the contact between the operating arm 40 and the pin 43, and the lift arm 10 is forcibly swung upward.
The seedling planting device 2 is raised. Furthermore, when the seedling planting device 2 is lifted from the field surface T and the operating lever 39 is swung forward f from the neutral position n, the operating arm 40 is separated from the pin 43 and the spool 36
can shift to the lowering operation direction D, and at this time, the L-shaped arm 31 swings and the inner wire 33 is lowered due to its own weight.
a against the spring 47, the automatic operation lever 41 is swung in the downward direction, and the fork 4
2, the spool 36 is moved in the downward direction D, and the seedling planting device 2 descends under its own weight. In addition, seedling planting equipment
When the operating lever 39 is returned to the neutral position n while the spring ball 44 is floating above the ground , the spring ball 44
Since the holding force of the lever 39 is set to be larger than the operating force of the automatic operation lever 41, the spool 36 is in contact with the arm 40 and held at the neutral position N, and the seedling planting device 2 is Fixed at ground level.

(ii) Automatic lifting/lowering operation When the aircraft is in the field, press the operating lever 3.
When the seedling planting device 2 is swung forward f to the maximum operating limit and held in position by the pressing force of the spring ball 44, the seedling planting device 2 descends under its own weight as described above.
When the ground pressure acting on the earth leveling body 21' reaches a certain value, the intermediate pivot point P' of the earth leveling body 21' rises and the L-shaped arm 31 is swung against the spring 32. As a result, the inner wire 33a
is loosened, the automatic operating lever 41 is swung back to the neutral position by the restoring force of the spring 47, and the seedling planting device 2 stops descending. In other words, when the seedling planting device 2 is lowered to a certain height relative to the rice field T, it is automatically stopped.
In this state, the planting operation is carried out.

If the tractor 1 reaches a deep part of the tiller G and sinks during the above-mentioned planting traveling work, the soil leveling body 2
1' is pushed into the rice field T and the ground pressure increases, and this ground pressure becomes larger than the set value and the intermediate pivot point
P' is pushed up, and the L-shaped arm 31 is moved by the spring 3
2, the inner wire 33a
The automatic operation lever 41 is moved by the amount of slack in the spring 4.
7, the spool 36 moves in the upward direction U, and the seedling planting device 2 is driven upward. When the ground pressure of the soil leveling body 21' decreases to the set value as the seedling planting device 2 rises, the automatic operation lever 41
is returned to the neutral position by the balance of the springs 32 and 47, and the raising of the seedling planting device 2 is stopped.

Moreover, when the tractor 1 rides on a shallow part of the tiller G during the planting operation, the ground pressure of the soil leveling body 21' decreases, and the L-shaped arm 31 swings due to the weight of the soil leveling body 21'. to swing the automatic operation lever 41 in the downward direction by pulling the inner wire 33a. When the ground pressure of the soil leveling body 21' increases to the set value due to the descent of the seedling planting device 2 , the automatic operation lever 41
is returned to the neutral position again and the lowering control is stopped.

If there are local irregularities on the field surface T during planting travel, the front part of the soil leveling body 21' will follow these irregularities, but the soil leveling body 21' will only swing around the intermediate pivot point P'. In this case, no elevation control is performed, and the necessary elevation control is performed only when the average ground pressure on the ground leveling body 21' deviates from the set reference value and the upward or downward force acting on the intermediate pivot point P' increases. It is.

The structure and operation of the main parts of the rice transplanter of the present invention have been explained above, and various attached mechanisms will be explained below.

A rake-like preliminary ground leveling tool 49 is pivotally supported at the lower part of the lower links 6, 6 via arms 50, 50 so as to be vertically swingable, and extends from the upper links 7, 7 so as to be vertically slidable. Support rod 5
1, 51, and is supported by springs 52, 52 externally mounted on the support rods 51, 51.
is pressed against the surface T. Then, when the seedling planting device 2 is raised significantly upward, the ground leveling tool 49 is swung upward as the relative posture between the upper link 7 and the lower link 6 changes, and the structure is configured such that a sufficient height above the ground is obtained. ing. Incidentally, the angle of the ground leveling tool 49 with respect to the arm 50 can be adjusted.

Further, on the outer surface of one (left) upper link 7, a locking arm 53 is provided that mechanically prevents the seedling planting device 2 from descending when the seedling planting device 2 is raised to the upper limit. ing. The front end of this arm 53 is pivotally supported near the front end of the upper link 7 via a movable pin 54, and the rear end is connected to a fixed pin 55 of the upper link 7 through a deformed hole 56 that connects the small diameter hole and the large diameter hole. When the seedling planting device 2 reaches its upper limit, the rear end of the arm 53 is removed from the pin 55 and swung downward, and the tip of the front end support shaft 57 of the lower link 6 and the hole 56 The lower link 6, upper link 7, and arm 53 form a truss structure to prevent the seedling planting device 2 from unexpectedly descending when traveling on the road.

Further, at the lower front ends of the lower links 6, 6 and at two locations in the center of the planting case 5, there are a front stand 58 and a pair of rear stands for floating and supporting the seedling planting device 2 removed from the tractor 1 above the ground. Stand 59,5
9 is equipped.

The front stand 58 is composed of a base arm 58a and a ground arm 58b which are connected in a bendable and extensible manner, and in the extended state and the bent state, the pin 60 of the ground arm 58b is connected to the base arm 58a.
The above-mentioned two states are stably maintained by being elastically engaged in a recess 61 or 61' provided in the recess 61 or 61'. The base arm 58a is biased toward the protrusion side by a torsion spring provided at the pivot base, and the stand 58 in the extended state is held in the operating state by a stopper 62, and the stand 58 in the bent state is held by the stopper 62. At 63, downward protrusion and rotation are prevented.

In addition, the rear stands 59, 59 are used for the planting case 5.
Case 5 consists of a U-shaped bar pivotally supported by
A swinging member 65 pivotally connected to a bracket 64 fixed to
and the stand 59 are connected by a rod 66. The swinging member 65 is provided with a locking piece 68 that elastically engages in two recesses 67 and 67' formed in the bracket 64. The stand 59 is detached from the stand 59, and the swinging member 65 is operated to swing, thereby switching and holding the stand 59 between a downwardly protruding position and an upwardly retracted position.

In addition, the tip of an arm 70 that is pivoted to a fixed bracket 69 on the planting case 5 side is pivotally supported at the planting case side portion of the upper link 7 on the one side (right side), and the arm 70 and the other end are pivoted integrally with this arm 70. A movable arm 71 is interlocked and connected to a planting clutch arm 74 via a rod 72 and stroke absorbing springs 73, 73, so that the upper link 7 and the planting case 5 are connected to each other as the seedling planting device 2 moves up and down. The planting clutch arm 74 is configured to swing on/off based on the change in relative posture. In other words, when the seedling planting device 2 is lifted significantly above the rice field T, the planting operation is automatically stopped, and when the seedling planting device 2 is lowered to the planting operation height range, the planting operation is automatically started.

In addition, as an accessory device on the tractor 1 side, there are shelf-shaped spare seedling storage cases 7 provided on both sides of the front part of the machine.
5, 75, Line drawing tools 76, 76, which are installed on both sides of the front and middle of the machine so as to be able to bend, extend and retreat, in order to form a straight reference line on the rice field T, detect that the number of seedlings on the seedling stand 3 is decreasing. There is a buzzer 77, etc., which is activated. In addition, 78 in FIG. 2 is a seedling amount detection sensor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the rice transplanter according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is an overall side view, Fig. 2 is an overall plan view, Fig. 3 is a plan view of a seedling transplanting device, and Fig. 4 is an automatic operation of the planting clutch. 5 is a side view of the seedling planting device, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the ground pressure detection section, FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of the automatic elevation control mechanism, and FIG. 8 is the valve operating section. 9 is a side view of the connecting part showing the lifting and lowering operation state, FIG. 10 is a partial front view of the preliminary ground leveling tool, FIG. 11 is a side view of the rear stand, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view of the rear stand. 1... Tractor, 2 ... Seedling planting device, 21'...
Leveling body, P'... pivot point, Q... fulcrum.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A seedling planting device 2 is supported on the tractor 1 via an elevating drive mechanism so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and a ground leveling body 21' is pivotally supported at the bottom of the seedling planting device 2 so as to be able to swing up and down, It is detected that the force acting in the vertical direction acting on the pivot point P' of the ground leveling body 21' due to the ground contact pressure fluctuation of the ground leveling body 21' has changed from a preset value to either an increase or a decrease. An acting force detection mechanism 32 is provided, and based on the detection result of the acting force detection mechanism 32, the seedling planting device 2 is driven to the upward side when the acting force exceeds a set value, and when it falls below the set value. The rice transplanter is provided with an elevation control device that controls the operation of the elevation drive mechanism so as to drive the seedling planting device 2 downward. 2 The seedling planting device 2 is attached to the tractor 1 at one fulcrum Q
The rice transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the rice transplanter is connected to be able to swing vertically around the .