JPS61235606A - Fuel pulverizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a stable pulverization of fuel even if oil drips are adhered to a part of a vibrating element, eliminate the loss of vibratory transmission under an integral formation of the vibrating element and a hone and eliminate a breakage at the connection part, by arranging the vibratory element having a plurality of resonance points. CONSTITUTION:A hone 2 has a conical shape and an amplitude of fine vibration of an electrical strain element 3 is increased as it is approached to the extremity fine part of the hone 2. The vibrating element 1 is cylindrical and is composed of several small rod-like vibrating pieces 8 and its cross section is shown in the drawing. Since the vibrating element 1 is fixed at its one end and has no restricting action, no stress concentration is made in the vibrating element and the element is hard to be destroyed. Resonance point can be attained under various vibrations in response to the length and shape of the vibrating pieces 8. This arrangement, however, merely provides a better machining characteristic only by making a rectangular recess as shown in the figure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a fuel supply device, and particularly to a fuel atomization device suitable for atomizing liquid fuel with a large flow rate.

[Background of the invention]

Various devices of this type for atomizing fuel have been proposed. A Langevin type is used, which has a pair of electrostrictive elements with positive electrodes facing each other and is caulked with metal having the same cross section as the electrostrictive elements at both ends, as the particle size to be atomized is small and the flow rate that can be processed is large. A device in which a horn is attached to one side of the vibrator and a thin cylinder at the tip thereof is vibrated by applying a voltage to an electrostrictive element, and fuel is brought into contact with the cylinder to atomize the cylinder is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. It is disclosed in Publication No. 53-140416 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 140418/1983.

However, when fuel is supplied from a fuel injector, the r-motor has a cylindrical shape, so when the axial direction of the cylinder matches the direction of air flow in the intake pipe, the injector The injected fuel may not hit the cylindrical vibrator. Furthermore, in order to reliably apply the fuel to the cylinder, if the axial direction of the cylindrical vibrator and the direction of the air flow in the intake pipe are tilted without matching, the flow of air in the intake pipe will be obstructed. Furthermore, since the cylindrical vibrator and the horn are joined, vibration transmission loss occurs at the joint, and cracks are likely to occur at the joint.

Since the vibration is restricted in a cylindrical shape, cracks are likely to occur even in a single cylindrical vibrator. Furthermore, there is a problem in that if the vibration deviates even slightly from the resonant frequency, the vibrator stops vibrating.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel atomization device that has a long life and can stably supply fuel droplets with a small particle size.

[Summary of the invention]

A feature of the present invention is that a horn and a vibrator are integrally formed, and the tip of the horn is formed as a vibrator having a plurality of resonance points.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the present invention. A vibrator 1 and a horn 2 for amplifying mechanical vibrations are integrally formed, and an electrostrictive element 3 for oscillating ultrasonic vibrations. Electrode 49 Reflective material 5. A bolt 6 is used for tightening, and an insulating material 7 is provided on the horn 2 on the opposite side of the vibrator 1. In the electrostrictive element 3, the positive electrodes face each other, and the electrode 4 is taken out from between. The electrostrictive element 3 is
It has a hollow cylindrical shape. At one end of the electrostrictive element 3 facing each other, a reflecting member 5. A horn 2 is connected to the other end with a bolt 6. An insulating material 7 is attached to the bolt 6 to insulate the positive and negative electrodes of the electrostrictive element 3.

Since the horn 2 and the camera element 1 are formed from one member, there is no vibration transmission loss between the vibrator 1 and the horn 2. Furthermore, detailed configurations of the vibrator 1 and the horn 2 are shown in FIG. The horn 2 is formed into a conical shape. The amplitude of the microvibration of the electrostrictive element 3 is amplified toward the tip of the horn 2, that is, as the cross section becomes smaller. The vibrator 1 has a cylindrical shape, and as shown in FIG. 2(A), cuts are formed in the shape of a grid in the vertical and horizontal directions.

That is, the vibrator is composed of many small rod-shaped vibrator pieces. A small rod-shaped vibrator piece 8 resonates with the vibration of the electrostrictive element. The vibrator 1 has one end fixed,
The vibration of the vibrator is less constrained and stress concentration is less likely to occur, so the vibrator is less likely to break. By changing the length and shape of the vibrator piece 8, which is a component of the vibrator 1, resonance points can be obtained at various frequencies. moreover,
The vibrator 1 has good workability because it has a cylindrical shape with only grid-like cuts.

FIG. 3 shows the components of the vibrator 1. It is a three-dimensional view of the vibrator piece 8. The vibrator piece 8 is a beam with a rectangular cross section.It is fixed to the horn 2 in the cross section, and vibrations are transmitted from the cross section to the cross section a. Section a is not fixed.

Next, the operating principle of the present invention will be explained. Electrode 4 of electrostrictive element 3
When a voltage is applied to the electrostrictive element, distortion occurs in the electrostrictive element. If you stop applying voltage, the distortion disappears. As shown in FIG. 4, when a voltage is applied in a pulsed manner, the electrostrictive element 3 vibrates with minute amplitude. The amplitude of the minute vibration is amplified by the horn 2 and transmitted to the vibrator 1. When the frequency of the voltage applied in a pulsed manner is changed, the vibrator piece 8 resonates at a specific frequency. At this time, the amplitude of the vibrator piece 8 increases.

Further, by changing the length, cross-sectional area, and material of each vibrator piece 8, a vibrator having multiple resonance points at the tip of one horn can be obtained.

FIG. 5 shows the mode of longitudinal vibration of the vibrator piece 8.

By increasing the frequency of the voltage applied to the electrostrictive element 3, the number of modes (A), (B), and (C) also increases. Can be atomized into small droplets.

FIG. 6 shows the mode of transverse vibration of the vibrator piece 8.

The transducer piece vibrates vertically and simultaneously captures images horizontally.

If the frequency of the voltage applied to the electrostrictive element 3 is increased, (A
), (B), and (C) modes. Since the amplitude of the transverse vibration is larger than that of the longitudinal vibration, when the fuel is brought into contact with the fuel, even if the flow rate of the fuel is large, it can be atomized.

In FIG. 7, the atomization device 9 has a bolt 11 attached to the intake pipe
Fixed by Fuel is supplied from an injection valve 12 installed in an intake pipe 10.

The fuel comes into contact with the vibrator 1 and is atomized. The fuel that has not been atomized by one vibrator piece 8 comes into contact with another vibrator piece and is atomized. Since the vibrator pieces 8 are arranged in a grid pattern, each vibrator piece vibrates at a different resonance point by changing the length and dimensions of each vibrator piece. .

Even if fuel adheres to a vibrator piece and the resonance point of the vibrator piece shifts, other vibrator pieces continue to vibrate, so stable atomization can be achieved.

Furthermore, since the vibrator pieces 8 are arranged at intervals, they do not obstruct the flow of air within the intake pipe.

When the vibrator 1 is not excited by the electrostrictive element 3,
The fuel attached to each vibrator piece 8 is blown away by the air flow. Therefore, even when the vibrator or the electrostrictive element stops vibrating, there is an effect of atomizing the fuel.

FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which the present invention is applied to an actual engine.

The atomization device 9 is provided downstream of the throttle valve ]3. Since the fuel atomized by the atomizer 9 is supplied into the intake pipe from downstream of the throttle valve, it is prevented from adhering to the throttle valve.

That is, in FIG. 8, the piston 2 of the engine 100
5 moves down into the cylinder 28, air is drawn into the combustion chamber 26 through it. At this time, fuel is injected from the injection valve 104 disposed downstream of the throttle valve 13, and is vibrated by the vibrating section 105 of the atomizer 9.
It is atomized and carried on the intake air flow, and is introduced into the combustion chamber 26 as a mixture.

The vibrating part 105 of the atomizer 9 and the injection valve 104 may be opposed to each other, but in consideration of the spread of the spray from the injection valve 104, the axis of the injection of the injection valve 104 is set relative to the axis of the atomizer 9. The injection valve 104 may be installed at a slight inclination at the positions indicated by arrows 1.06 and 107 in FIG. In addition, the intake pipe 10
The downstream portion 103 of the engine is a so-called manifold, and the air-fuel mixture is evenly distributed to each cylinder (not shown).

The control circuit 21 includes a microcomputer and includes an intake air amount detection means (not shown) (movable vane type, hot wire type,
ate) or intake negative pressure sensor or cooling water temperature opening sensor 20
Various data such as the amount of intake air, cooling water temperature, engine speed and crank position, residual oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 30, opening degree of the throttle valve, amount of depression of the accelerator pedal 19, etc. are imported and controlled. Compare the intake air flow rate, fuel supply amount 9 ignition advance amount, etc. under each operating condition that is preset in the internal memory of the circuit 21, and adjust the injection valve 104 and throttle valve so that they are in the appropriate state. Control signals and operation signals are supplied to the actuator 101 and the ignition coil 22.

Thereby, the engine 100 is always controlled to be in an optimal operating state according to the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal 19 by the driver. Here, 24 is a distributor and 29 is a spark plug.

The injection valve 104 is intermittently opened by a pulse signal supplied from the control circuit 21, and fuel is supplied to the injection valve 104 as follows. That is, a filter 17 and a fuel pump 18 are provided in the fuel delivery pipe of the fuel tank 5, and fuel whose pressure is regulated by a fuel pressure regulator 16 to a predetermined constant pressure is supplied to the injection valve 104. Note that fuel overflowing from the fuel pressure regulator 16 is returned to the fuel tank 15.

A high frequency alternating current (for example, several tens of KHz) drive voltage is supplied from the control circuit 21 to the drive unit 109 of the atomization device 9.
The fuel injected from the injection valve 104 is atomized. Note that the high frequency voltage that excites the drive unit 109 of the atomizer 9 may be supplied only when the injection valve 104 is operating in order to save energy.

If the atomization device 9 of this embodiment is used, all of the fuel injected from the injection valve 104 will be captured by the vibrating section 105, and atomization will progress significantly.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment. The shape of the vibrator piece 8 is (A)
When the shape is expressed by an exponential function as shown in FIG. . In other words, the electric power applied to the electrostrictive element can be efficiently converted into vibration of the vibrator. Furthermore, since the stress on each cross section of the vibrator piece is equal, the vibrator is less likely to be damaged. Here, cross section a is fixed, and vibration is transmitted from cross section a to cross section A.

As shown in Figure 9 (R), by linearly decreasing the shape of the vibrator piece, workability is improved compared to the exponential function shape, and the stress in the vibrator piece is almost the same at each cross section. Since they can be made equally, damage is less likely to occur.

FIG. 10 shows yet another embodiment of the invention.

The tip of the horn 2 is formed into a disc-shaped vibrator 1. Since the horn 2 and the vibrator 1 are made of the same material,
Stress concentration, vibration transmission loss, and damage at the joint between the horn 2 and the vibration P1 are less likely to occur.

Since the vibrator 1 is composed of disks with different diameters,
By selecting an appropriate diameter of the disks, each disk can be made to vibrate. In this case, the mode of vibration of each disc is different. That is, a disc with a smaller diameter has a higher resonance frequency for the same mode than a disc with a larger diameter. When disks with different diameters are caused to resonate at a certain frequency, the order of the vibration mode of the disk with a smaller diameter is smaller than that of a disk with a larger diameter. When the order of the vibration mode is small, the amplitude of the vibration surface becomes large.

FIG. 11 shows the mode of transverse vibration of the disk. When the frequency of the vibrator 1 is increased, the position nodes where the amplitude becomes 0, indicated by the broken line, change as shown in (a) to (f).

FIG. 12 shows a method of supplying fuel. Fuel injection valve 12
It is injected from the camera and brought into contact with the camera element 1. A vibrator with a large diameter has a larger order of vibration mode than a vibrator with a small diameter, so the number of nodes increases, and the particle size of the fuel can be reduced. In this case, since the amplitude is small, the flow rate of fuel that can be atomized per unit area is smaller than with a small-diameter vibrator, but since the atomization area is large, the amount of atomization is actually large. It can be taken.

On the other hand, a disk with a small diameter has a small order of vibration mode.
Since the amplitude of the vibration surface is large, the fuel flow rate that can be atomized becomes large.

When the excitation force by the electrostrictive element 3 is not applied to the horn,
The fuel becomes a thin film on the disk due to the airflow,
Since droplets with a small particle size fly out from the edge of the disk, an atomization effect can be obtained.

FIG. 13 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention. The tip of the horn 2 is cylindrical. The vibration amplified by the horn 2 is transmitted to the cylindrical vibrator 1 via the disc portion 11.
2, uniform stress is applied to the entire circumference of the cylinder. Therefore, stress concentration does not occur in a part of the cylinder, cracks are less likely to occur in the cylindrical vibrator, and vibrations are effectively transmitted from the horn to the vibrator 12. Furthermore, by changing the lengths Q, Q2 of the cylinders in the disk portion 11, the resonance point of each cylinder can be changed.

FIG. 14 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.

The tip of the horn 2 is composed of an umbrella-shaped vibrator 1. When a minute vibration is applied to one end of the horn 2, the amplitude is increased by the horn 2, and the vibrator 1 provided at the tip of the horn
vibrate. Further, since the vibrator 1 has a streamlined shape, it has the advantage of low air resistance when installed in an intake pipe. When the fuel is supplied toward the convex side of the vibrator 1, the atomized fuel spreads radially, so that the fuel does not coalesce and a fuel group with small particle size can be obtained.

FIG. 15 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.

A horn 2 is fixed to the wall of an intake pipe 10 with bolts 11. The fuel injection valve 12 is a vibrator piece 8 of
It is installed horizontally to the

Since the fuel is injected from the -L direction of the vibrator, the fuel that has not been atomized in the -L section of the vibrator piece is atomized in the lower part. Therefore, fuel with uniform particle size can be obtained. Furthermore, since the fuel is supplied to the entire sensor element, a large area can be used to atomize the fuel.

FIG. 16 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.

The tip of the horn 2 is a lattice-shaped vibrator 1. The length directions of the vibrator piece 8 and the horn 2 are at right angles. Since the direction of vibration of the horn 2 and the fixing direction of the vibrator piece 8 are perpendicular to each other, the vibration of the horn 2 causes the vibrator piece 8 to vibrate violently. Therefore, by applying only a small amount of power to the electrostrictive element 3, a large amplitude can be obtained in the vibrator 1.

Figures 1-7 show other embodiments of the invention. The tip of the horn 2 is a vibrator with a curved surface.

The lengths of the two parts and the bottom part of the vibrator are different.

When fuel is supplied to the vibrator by the injection valve]2, the lower part of the vibrator 1 is long, so the amplitude is large and the atomization throughput is large. The upper part of the vibrator is short and has a small amplitude, so the amount of atomization throughput is small, but atomization is performed by the airflow in the intake pipe. Furthermore, since the length of the vibrator is short at the top, there is less air resistance.

FIG. 18 shows a case where the shape of the vibrator 1 is changed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 17. By making a cut in the vibrator 1, it is possible to cause vibration even in the cut portion. Therefore, the vibration of the disc of the vibrator]
Since the vibrations of the notches are combined, the amplitude can be increased and the amount of atomization can be increased. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, by integrating the vibrator and the horn, vibration loss and stress at the joint between the horn and the vibrator can be reduced. Since concentration can be prevented, cracking at the joint between the horn and the vibrator can be avoided. In addition, by making the tips of the - horns into vibrators with multiple resonance points,
This has the effect of stably generating fuel droplets with small particle sizes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the present invention, Figure 2 is a sectional view of the horn and vibrator, Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the vibrator piece, Figure 4 is the applied voltage waveform, and Figures 5 and 6 are the vibrator piece. Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the fuel supply method, Fig. 8 is a configuration diagram of the engine, Fig. 9 is a vibration mode diagram of
The figure is a three-dimensional view of the vibrator piece, Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the horn and vibrator, Figure 11 is a vibration mode diagram, Figure 12 is an explanatory diagram of the fuel supply method, and Figures 13 and 14 are the horn and vibrator. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a fuel supply method, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional diagram of a horn and a vibrator, FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a fuel supply method, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional diagram of a vibrator. 1... Vibrator, 2... Horn, 3... Electrostrictive element,
4...electrode, tail...reflective material, 6...volt, 7...
・Insulating material, 8... Vibrator piece, 9... Atomization device, 1
0... Intake pipe, 11... Bolt, 12... Injection valve, 13... Throttle valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mechanical vibration amplifying member having an ultrasonic transducer that converts electrical vibrations caused by ultrasonic waves into mechanical vibrations at one end and amplifying the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations transmitted from the transducer; and the other end of the mechanical vibration amplifying part. A fuel granule comprising a vibrator formed integrally with the expanding member, the vibrator being formed from a plurality of vibrator pieces so as to have a plurality of resonance points at the other end of the expanding member. conversion device.