JPS6123360B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an earth removal device for a shield excavator.

In general, two methods are widely used to transport earth and sand excavated using the shield method out of the mine: a reciprocating mechanical system that uses belt conveyors or trolleys, and a slurry transport method that converts the shear into a slurry and transports it. However, these methods are uneconomical due to many problems such as installation space for various equipment, transportation within the shaft, and post-processing equipment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a product that is economical, highly efficient, and can be safely constructed.

Examples thereof will be described below based on the drawings. A cutter head 2 is provided at the front of the shield 1, and an enclosure 4 forming a pressure chamber 3 is fixed to the back thereof. The surrounding structure 4 is rotatably supported by the fixed partition 5 and the shield 1 via bearings 6, and is operatively connected to a drive motor 8 by a gear mechanism 7. During excavation, the pressure chamber 3 faces the face 9, and excavated earth and sand are taken into the pressure chamber 3 as the cutting head 2 rotates. Tank 10 outside the mine
is installed, and water or muddy water stored in this water supply tank 10 is supplied from a water supply line 11 into the pressure chamber 3 through a water supply pipe 12, and a water supply pump 13 and a pressure chamber 3 are installed in this water supply pipe 12. A water supply control valve 14 is interposed near the . An earth pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge 15 is provided within the pressure chamber 3 . The pressure relief pipe 15A from this earth pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge 15 and the water supply control valve 14 of the water supply pipe 12
A pressure relief pipe 14A branched from the outlet section is a differential pressure gauge 16.
connected to. Therefore, the opening degree of the water supply control valve 14 is the same as the earth pressure or pore water pressure in the pressure chamber 3.
It is controlled to keep the difference between the water supply pressure and the water supply pressure constant. A screw conveyor 17 is provided between the pressure chamber 3 and the atmospheric pressure chamber behind it. An inlet opening into the pressure chamber 3 is formed at the tip of the casing 18 of the screw conveyor 17, and a discharge port 20 is formed at the base end. Also, the rotating shaft 21
A screw blade 22 for transporting excavated earth and sand and an excavated earth stirring blade 23 extending from the tip of the screw blade 22 and rotating within the pressure chamber 3 are integrally provided around the screw blade 22 . No screw blades 22 are provided around the rotating shaft 21 in the vicinity of the discharge port 20, and this area is used as a sand plug forming area (compaction area for excavated earth and sand) 24. 17A is a screw conveyor drive motor. A soil discharge line 25 is connected to the discharge port 20 . The soil discharge line 25 extends from the discharge port 20 to the outside of the mine through a horizontal shaft 26 and a vertical shaft 27. The earth discharge line 25 is composed of a manifold section 25A connected to the discharge port 20 and an air feed pipe section 25B connected to the manifold section 25A. An inlet valve 2 is installed at the starting end of the manifold section 25A.
8. An outlet valve 29 is provided at the terminal end, and an earth pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge 30 is provided in the immediate vicinity of the outlet valve 29. A pressure sensitive switch 31 is connected to the earth pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge 30, and by switching the pressure sensitive switch 31, the inlet valve 28 and the outlet valve 29 are selectively controlled to open or close. Since earth pressure or pore water pressure is one factor that can specify earth pressure properties, the earth pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge 30 and the pressure sensitive switch 31 constitute a soil property detection mechanism 32. Further, the manifold portion 25A has a starting end thereof rising up and a terminal end thereof having a horizontal shape, and the fume pipe 33 is connected to this corner portion toward the terminal end. The water pipe 12 is connected to the fumarole pipe 33 via a collecting pipe 34.
A water supply pipe 35 branched from the mine and air supply equipment outside the mine [consisting of a compressor 37, an air tank 38, etc.] 3
The air supply pipe 39 from 6 is connected. A water supply valve 40 and an air supply valve 41 are interposed at the connection portions between the water supply pipe 35 or the air supply pipe 39 and the collecting pipe 34, respectively.
On the other hand, the air feed pipe section 25B is provided with a bypass pipe 43 having a vacuum pump 42 at a rising portion within the shaft 27.

In the above, the properties of earth and sand inside the pressure chamber 3 and the manifold 25A, or the properties of sand plugs near the discharge port 20 of the screw conveyor 17,
Furthermore, management of the ejection of jet air from the fumarole pipe 33 is performed by sequence control. That is, the water supply valve 40, the air supply valve 41, and the outlet valve 29 are closed.
Earth excavation is performed with the inlet valve 28 open, and the excavated earth and sand are taken into the pressure chamber 3, and the earth and sand in the pressure chamber 3 is transferred to the sand plug forming area 24 by the screw conveyor 17, A compacted sand plug is formed here. In this case, the earth and sand in the pressure chamber 3 are stirred by the stirring blades 23 at the same time that water or mud water is injected in an amount adjusted based on the earth pressure or pore water pressure. Therefore, the most suitable target soil is clay ground and sandy ground containing clay, but even when excavating ground with other properties, the excavated soil becomes plastic and pressure-receiving in the pressure chamber 3. , that is, it is plastically fluidized. Further, due to this plastic fluidization, a healthy sand plug is formed in the sand plug forming region 24, so that the face holding pressure in the pressure chamber 3 is always maintained appropriately. At the same time, the earth and sand in the pressure chamber 3 are also prevented from forming a state-like shape due to plastic pressure. Since the inlet valve 28 is open, the sand plugs in the sand plug forming area 24 are pushed back by the following earth and sand and are sequentially released into the manifold section 25A through the discharge port 20. Inside the manifold portion 25A, the outlet valve 29 is closed, so that earth pressure or pore water pressure is detected by the earth pressure gauge or the pore water pressure gauge 30. When the earth pressure or pore water pressure of the earth and sand in the manifold section 25A reaches a level corresponding to a plastic fluidization state suitable for pneumatic transport, the pressure sensitive switch 31 is switched, the inlet valve 28 is closed, and the outlet valve 29 is closed. It becomes open. Next, the air supply valve 41 is opened, jet air is ejected from the fumarole pipe 33, and the earth and sand in the manifold section 25A is pneumatically transported outside the mine through the pneumatic feed pipe section 25B in a plastic fluidized state. When the earth and sand in the manifold section 25A are pneumatically transported and the soil pressure or pore water pressure changes, the pressure sensitive switch 31 is switched by a signal from the earth pressure gauge or the pore water pressure gauge 30, the inlet valve 28 is opened again, and the outlet valve 2 is switched.
9 is in a closed state, and the air supply valve 41 is also closed to stop blowing out the jet air flow. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated. If the pipe becomes clogged with earth and sand during pneumatic transport of plastically fluidized earth and sand through the earth discharge line 25, the water supply valve 4
0 is opened and the jet water flow is sent into the pipe line from the fumarole pipe 33, or it is air-transported through the bypass pipe 43. In addition, in this embodiment, it is also possible to transport excavated earth and sand as a slurry through the earth discharge line 25.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, excavated soil is transported outside the mine in a plastically fluidized state, so there is no need to install soil post-processing equipment or the like outside the mine. In addition, since a pneumatic transport method is adopted as the soil removal method, there is no need to install complex mechanical equipment in a narrow mine, and transportation within a shaft is more economical than the conventional reciprocating mechanical method or slurry transport method. It is advantageous and effective.
Therefore, the shield method is also significant in terms of safe construction.

Furthermore, since the water supply pipe is connected to the fumarole pipe via the collector pipe, even if the soil discharge line becomes clogged with earth and sand, the blockage can be removed by supplying water.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are cross-sectional views showing embodiments of the present invention. 3...Pressure chamber, 11...Water supply line, 14...
Water supply control valve, 14A...Pressure relief pipe, 15...Pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge, 15A...Pressure relief pipe, 16...Differential pressure gauge, 17...Screw conveyor, 20...Discharge port, 23...Stirring blade , 24... Sand plug formation area, 25... Earth discharge line, 25A... Manifold section, 25B... Air feed pipe section, 26... Horizontal shaft,
27... Vertical shaft, 28... Inlet valve, 29... Outlet valve, 30... Earth pressure gauge or pore water pressure gauge, 31... Pressure sensitive switch, 32... Sediment property detection mechanism, 33...
... Fumarole pipe, 36... Air supply equipment, 39... Air supply pipe,
41...Air supply valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 An earth removal device installed in a shield excavator that has a pressure chamber in a part facing the face and holds the face by making the excavated soil taken into the pressure chamber into a plastic fluidized state with water or muddy water. A screw conveyor for discharging excavated soil in a plastic fluidized state is connected to the fixed partition wall of the pressure chamber, and a discharge line from the discharge port of the screw conveyor to the outside of the mine is connected to a manifold connected to the discharge port. and an air feed pipe section connected to this manifold section, and an inlet valve and an outlet valve at the starting end and the terminal end of the manifold section, respectively, are selectively opened and closed according to the soil properties within the manifold section. A detection mechanism is provided, a fumarole pipe facing the terminal end is connected in the manifold part, a water supply pipe and an air supply pipe are connected to the fumarole pipe via a collecting pipe, and a water supply valve and an air supply valve are provided in the middle thereof. An earth removal device for a shield excavator, which is characterized by the following: