JPS6123286B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing impurities from staple fibers and straightening the fibers in an open-end spinning process, the spinning unit comprising a fiber feeding device, an opening device, and a processing device. and a twisting member.

In existing open-end spinning systems, especially rotor spinning systems, important negative factors affecting productivity are cotton balls, seeds, leaves, sticky fibers, and extremely small fine grain residues. This is the generation of various impurities. The impurities can either get together with the separated fibers in the twisting elements of the spinning unit, resulting in yarn breakage, or, especially in rotor spinning systems, can accumulate in the collecting grooves and improve the quality of the spinning. worsen.

There are a variety of fiber cleaning methods such as those used in open-end spinning systems. For example, as disclosed in Chietsko Patent No. 119524, an annular body is disposed opposite a vertically disposed fiber separation member, and the body has an opening, which partially contains impurities. It constitutes a free passageway extending into the container. The disadvantages of this arrangement are
Rough impurities that cause yarn breakage cannot pass through the opening and thus reach into the spinning chamber.

Another known fiber cleaning process is disclosed in Chietsko patent no. The air stream is an air stream sucked in by the supply duct, which transports the fibers into the spinning chamber, while causing coarse impurities to be ejected towards the collection space by the separation edge. Although this system still provides a method for cleaning the fibers by removing impurities contained therein through an opening in the separator housing, it does not prevent fine impurities from being sucked into the feed channel. Moreover, it is impossible to prevent the fine impurities from being buried in the fiber collecting groove of the spinning chamber.

Similar deficiencies are found in the system disclosed in Chietsko Patent No. 182,712, which is actually just an improved version of the system described above.

This system is also disclosed in U.S. Pat. The heavier impurities are allowed to fall through such counterflow into the collection space.

Another system is disclosed in British Patent No. 1284621, in which impurities are discharged into a discharge opening in the lumen of the housing of the fiber separator immediately after being acted upon on closing of the opening roller. released into. Although this system offers some improvement over its predecessor, the problem of preventing short fibers from flying off has not been satisfactorily solved. This is particularly severe when relatively coarse fibers containing many short fibers are spun.

In fact, the same principle is disclosed in West German Publication No. 2440224, the main drawback of which is that in the fiber separation zone the opposite guide wall for the opening rollers is completely eliminated; The less bulky fiber tufts are scraped off from the feed sliver, so that the fibers are insufficiently cleaned of impurities.

Another method of removing impurities through a discharge opening is disclosed in another Chietsko patent no. 169,027. The feature of this disclosure is to change the motion of the impurity spreading toward the end into the motion of the end bud. For this purpose, an air supply directed in the direction of closing of the opening roller is provided upstream of the discharge opening. Such air flow not only draws fibers into the supply duct, but also light impurities, thereby considerably deteriorating the cleaning effect.

Another device for removing impurities from fiber separators is disclosed in Chietsko Patent No. 163,948. The device includes a movable guide and separation member adjustably arranged around the opening roller to cover fewer or all impurity release openings. This system is covered by UK patent number 1284621
The cleaning principles disclosed in the above patent are useful for handling man-made fibers, but the impurity release openings are either partially covered or completely covered.

The above-mentioned principles are also
2130658 (Swiss Patent No. 544163).

Finally, a system for opening slivers is disclosed in East German Patent No. 142,519, and the problem of continuous suction of impurities released into the lateral air stream is disclosed in the above-mentioned Chietsko No. 137,805. The basic cleanliness principle was solved. This system also has the disadvantage that only heavy impurities can be removed, but small impurities are carried back onto the opening roller closing along with the fibers by the air stream.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, in that both heavy and light impurities can be released satisfactorily, and that after the fibers have been separated from the impurities, the fibers can be straightened and used in a twisting member. The aim is to improve the quality of spinning by conveying the fibers.

In the present invention, in the method of the present invention for separating impurities from staple fibers and straightening the cleaned fibers, the separated fibers and impurities are exposed to a first air flow in the opening region of the opening roller. , due to the expanded state of the passageway, its velocity is reduced so that both coarse and fine impurities can be separated from the fibers. This is because there is a difference in inertia. The clean fibers are then exposed to a second air stream which straightens the fibers. That is, it is accelerated by the second air flow.

As a result of the above, this completely new principle that the method separates both coarse and fine impurities has a very good effect on the fibers in opening them well and making them easier to straighten.

On the contrary, the cleaning systems known up to now are based on the principle that the fibers should be kept as close to the opening roller as possible. This is achieved by passing through the dust discharge opening a so-called countercurrent air flow directed in the direction of closing of the opening roller, against which opening roller the fibers are directed in the opposite direction. The rough impurities are separated by a separating edge. However, such edges are not only bombarded with impurities, but also with fiber ends attached to the clothing, thereby damaging both the edges and the fibers. Since there is no backflow of air in the present invention, the existence of this drawback is out of the question.

To carry out the method described above, the device of the invention comprises:
There is a housing containing a feeding device for feeding the sliver to a spreading roller arranged in the housing, the cylindrical surface of which and the wall facing it of the housing constitute a spreading area; The housing wall is further connected to the dust discharge opening, the air introduction duct and the fiber supply duct, and the apparatus of the invention has an impurity separation zone downstream of the opening zone with a dust discharge opening; The shape is tapering between the cylindrical surface of the opening roller and the spaced walls of the housing. The impurity separation zone was connected to the fiber straightening zone through the wide mouth of the dust discharge opening, and the shape of the straightening zone gradually became narrower between the cylindrical surface of the opening roller and the wall of the housing distant from it. It has a shape.

Another feature of the invention is that the distance between the opening roller surface and the housing wall facing it is such that the distance between the opening roller surface and the housing wall facing it increases the progressively wider open spaces of the opening zone in the impurity separation zone and in the fiber straightening zone. except for the average distance found between the surface and walls outside the area.

Preferably, the radius of the housing wall facing the opening roller surface has the shape of an arc in the impurity separation zone and in the fiber straightening zone or a part thereof, and The center is off from the center of the opening roller.

Another feature of the invention is that the dust discharge opening in the opening device housing has two substantially parallel walls, one wall of which is connected to a distant wall of the impurity separation zone; A connection point is created there, at the end of the separation zone, forming an acute angle of 5° to 45°, preferably 10° to 20°, with a line parallel to the tangent to the opening roller circle.
The line is a line that intersects a line perpendicular to the tangent above the connection point and the wall of the dust discharge opening.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the separation zone with the dust discharge openings widens continuously in the direction of fiber flow and the fiber straightening zone continuously narrows.

By enlarging the separation zone and the dust discharge opening so that the separation zone is continuous within the opening, and the opening itself is continuous with the fiber straightening zone, the first airflow is Effectively weakened from expansion within the limit point, the separated fibers are thereby completely or partially detached from the closing of the opening roller and reach the straightening zone without any problems,
There the fibers are accelerated and straightened by the second air stream.

The air condition thus obtained is further improved by shifting the parallel wall of the impurity discharge duct at an acute angle with respect to a line parallel to the tangent to the opening roller circle, so that the released impurities, that is, heavy impurities, are also light or heavy. Even fine impurities can freely reach the dust discharge opening, in which they are discharged at a given speed during opening at the circumferential speed of the opening roller due to inertial forces.

It is important to provide some separation of the housing wall from the opening rollers within the fiber straightening zone. On the one hand, it directly affects the quality of the final yarn device, and on the other hand, it makes separation edges unnecessary. Separation edges conventionally found are located in the area where the wall of the dust ejection opening meets the housing wall where the fiber straightening zone begins. The edges were exposed to considerable mechanical damage. There is therefore the problem that the fibers carried by the teeth of the opening roller are damaged and rubbed on this edge, which can be completely solved by the present invention. The edge must be placed close to the closing in order to deflect or strip away impurities, similar to a moat knife in a card machine.

Once the fibers reach the straightening zone, they are immediately accelerated by a second air stream directed through the opening and into the widened zone against the housing wall. After being suitably directed in a direction parallel to the flow of fibers being conveyed to the twisting member, the second air flow straightens the fibers in that direction and at the same time enters the inlet section of the fiber supply duct. and the fibers can be easily removed from the closing of the opening roller.

In this invention, it is preferable that the speed of the second air flow is higher than the first flow speed. The speed difference is 2
This is achieved by varying the distance of the inlet openings of each of the two air streams from the source of negative pressure, for example with respect to the negative pressure created in the spinning chamber. If the inlet opening of the first air stream is placed at a long distance from its negative pressure source, ie the beginning of the zone where the fibers leave, and the inlet opening of the second air stream is placed, for example, in the fiber straightening zone. If they are placed close together, different negative pressures can be obtained.
With respect to the flow speeds of the two air flows, it is therefore even possible for the second air flow speed to be greater than the circumferential speed of the opening roller. In both cases, the air flow is influenced directly at the surface of the rotating opening roller.

An extra acceleration of the second air stream in the fiber straightening zone is achieved by continuously narrowing this duct section in the fiber flow direction.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the fibers supplied to the housing 1 of the opening device in the form of a sliver 2 are sent to the opening roller 4 rotating by the feeding device 3, and the surface of the opening roller 4 has serrations or needles. Closing 5 is wrapped. Fibers and impurities are separated from the sliver 2 in the opening zone A of the opening device. The separated fibers with impurities are then carried partly by the closing 5 of the opening roller 4 and partly by the first air stream into the impurity separation zone B. The region B gradually becomes wider in the direction of fiber flow. This impurity separation zone B is continuous with the first wall 6a of the dust discharge opening 6, which wall 6a is also a wall remote from the surface of the opening roller 4. Both coarse and fine impurities are discharged into this dust discharge opening 6 due to centrifugal force and inertial force. Such impurities, consisting of immature short fibers and the remains of cotton seed balls with wrapped short fibers, are present in zone B along with most other impurities on the housing wall facing the opening roller surface. slide on top. If the wall 6a is connected to a line parallel to the tangent to the opening roller circle at the end of the impurity separation area B, 5
If an acute angle of between 10° and 20° is formed, and if the line
If a perpendicular line to the tangent and the wall 6a intersect at a point 11 connected to the widened area between the two, impurities can pass through the dust discharge opening 6 to the dust extraction duct 7 without any problem. Fly without protection.

On the other hand, the fibers reach a widened straightening zone C. At the entrance of the area C, the wall facing the opening roller 4 has a gap between the surface of the opening roller and the housing wall that is wider than the gap found in other parts surrounding the outer periphery of the opening roller. The fibers are not rubbed by the walls, while the fibers floating near the opening roller can be pulled past the expanded entrance to the next point. That point is the point at which it begins to be exposed to the second air flow which is conveyed through the air introduction duct 9 and reaches the area C via the opening 8. Due to the increased acceleration downstream in the tapered section of zone C, the fibers are straightened and moved away from the closing 5 of the opening roller 4 and thus towards the inlet of the fiber supply duct 10. There, the fibers more easily separate from the closure and are carried into a twisting member, not shown.

The above-mentioned equipment achieves high productivity in the open-end spinning process by removing impurities from the fed fiber material, which reduces the yarn breakage rate and improves the appearance and structure of the yarn. The quality will improve.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a housing of a fiber opening device showing an example of an impurity separation device, and FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the impurity separation device. 1 is a housing, 2 is a sliver, 3 is a supply device, 4 is an opening roller, 5 is a closing, 6 is a dust discharge opening, 6a is a first wall, 7 is a dust extraction duct, 8 is an opening, and 9 is a Air introduction duct, 10 fiber supply duct, 11 junction, A opening area, B
C indicates an impurity separation region, and C indicates a gradually wider linearization region.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sliver supply device, a fiber opening device, and a twisting member are provided, and the sliver containing impurities and fibers is sent to the fiber spreading device by the feeding device, and the sliver is sent to the fiber spreading device by the rotating fiber spreading roller there. A method for removing dust and straightening staple fibers by using an open-end spinning unit that separates impurities from the opened fibers and the fibers contained therein. impurities and are placed under the action of a first air flow flowing in the direction of rotation of the surface of the opening roller; expanding and decelerating the first air flow as it moves with the surface of the opening roller; impurities are separated from the fibers on the opening roller by a difference; only the separated impurities are removed by suction; A method of straightening the clean fibers by exposing them to a second air stream having a velocity. 2. An open-end spinning unit having a housing with an opening roller and a feeding device for supplying the sliver to the opening roller, said opening roller having a cylindrical surface which faces the housing. forming a spread area A together with the wall; the spread area A;
An impurity separation area B is provided on the downstream side of the dust discharge opening B, which includes a dust discharge opening 6;
On the downstream side, an air introduction duct 9 and a fiber supply duct 10 for supplying the fibers toward the twisting member are provided in the housing wall; the impurity separation region B faces the surface of the opening roller 4. The housing wall of the impurity separation zone B passes through the widened mouth of the dust discharge opening 6 to the fiber straightening zone C. The fiber straightening area C is formed by the surface of the opening roller 4 and the housing wall facing the opening roller 4, and is gradually narrowed toward the downstream side.