JPS61228130A - Oil hydraulic clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a clutch to be smoothly connected, by setting the pressure of an accumulator to the sliding resistance of a seal in an oil hydraulic clutch cylinder. CONSTITUTION:A clutch, holding a clutch disc 13 to be pressed between a clutch cover 12 and a pressure plate 14 while pressing the pressure plate 14 to a facing 36, transmits power to a transmission. Here an accumulator is preset to the pressure corresponding to the sliding resistance of a ring piston 43. Accordingly, the clutch, generating a gentle rise-up of the pressure of oil being allowed to flow from an oil hydraulic pump 16 to a clutch connecting cylinder chamber 44 of an oil hydraulic clutch cylinder 15, smoothly performs clutch connection.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application fields/related applications The present invention relates to a hydraulic clutch used in a vehicle.

Background Art In recent years, hydraulic clutches have been used in vehicles to connect and disconnect power transmission from the engine to the drive system.
During the clutch engagement process when starting or shifting gears, power is gradually transmitted, and the clutch is partially engaged.

It has made it easier to operate.

However, in this hydraulic clutch, since there is sliding resistance of the seal, the hydraulic circuit tends to be complicated in order to enable smooth connection.

OBJECTIVES/PROBLEMS OF THE INVENTION The objectives/problems of this invention are to smooth the clutch connection during starting and gear shifting operations, enable gradual transmission of power, and stabilize half-clutch operation without complicating the hydraulic circuit. The present invention provides a hydraulic clutch for use in a vehicle, which smooths starting, prevents excessive slipping, and prevents excessive wear of the facing of a clutch disc.

Summary of the invention in terms of structure related to objects and problems: Contents of the claimed invention In order to solve the above problems, the hydraulic clutch of the present invention is fixed to the crankshaft of an engine, and is connected to the input shaft of the transmission under a seal. A flywheel whose tip part is rotatably fitted, a clutch cover fixed to the flywheel around the input shaft, and a clutch cover fixed to the input shaft between the flywheel and the clutch cover. A splined clutch disc and its flywheel and clutch disc.
Between the covers, on the flywheel side,
a pressure plate facing the clutch disc; and a hydraulic clutch cylinder located on the flywheel for pressing the pressure plate against and separating the pressure plate from the clutch disc. and,
Clutch connection cylinder of its hydraulic clutch cylinder
A clutch connection pressure oil pipe that connects the hydraulic pump to the chamber, a clutch disconnection cylinder of the hydraulic clutch cylinder, a clutch disconnection pressure oil pipe that connects the hydraulic pump to the chamber, and a clutch arranged in the clutch connection pressure oil pipe. A connecting solenoid valve, a clutch disconnecting solenoid valve disposed in the clutch disconnecting pressure oil piping, and an accumulator disposed in the clutch connecting pressure oil piping between the hydraulic clutch cylinder and the clutch connecting solenoid valve. However, the pressure of the accumulator is set to the sliding resistance of the seal in the hydraulic clutch cylinder, allowing a smooth latching connection.

Description of Specific Examples Preferred specific examples of the hydraulic clutch according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show specific example 1 of the hydraulic clutch of the present invention, which is placed between the diesel engine and transmission of a large bus and is embodied as a fully automatic clutch.
It shows 0.

The fully automatic clutch 10 includes a flywheel housing (not shown) bolted to the rear surface of the cylinder block of the diesel engine, and a flywheel housing (not shown) bolted to the rear surface of the diesel engine cylinder block, and the flywheel housing (not shown) bolted to the rear surface of the diesel engine cylinder block. - A clutch housing (not shown) bolted to the housing, and a flywheel 11 fixed to the crankshaft of the engine at 9 degrees in a space surrounded by the flywheel housing and the clutch housing. a clutch cover 12 bolted to the flywheel 11, a clutch disc 13 splined to the input shaft 92 of the transmission, a pressure plate 14, and a hydraulic clutch cylinder 15.
A hydraulic pump 16 and a clutch connecting pressure oil line 17 connecting the hydraulic pump 16 to the clutch connecting cylinder chamber 44 of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 and a clutch connecting pressure oil line 17 connecting the hydraulic pump 16 to the clutch connecting cylinder chamber 45 of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 . A clutch disconnection pressure oil pipe 18 connecting the pump 16, a clutch connection solenoid valve 19, a clutch disconnection solenoid valve 2o, an accumulator 21 arranged in the latch connection pressure oil pipe 17, and its clutch connection and clutch disconnection solenoid valves. It comprises a clutch switch 23 electrically connected to the electrical circuit 22 of the valve 19.20 and a control unit (not shown) for controlling the clutch connection and clutch disconnection solenoid valves 19.20. There is.

The flywheel 11 is provided with a bearing bore 24, which is coaxially aligned with an end bore 95 of the crankshaft 90, and is fastened to the end face of the crankshaft 90 with a bolt 25. There is.

In such a way, the flywheel 11 bolted 25 to the end face of its crankshaft 90 seals 2
6.27 Below, the input of that Transmitushiron
The end portion of the shaft 92 is rotatably fitted, and the end bore 91 of the crankshaft 90 is fitted with oil.
It is set as chamber 28.

Also, the flywheel 11 has a ring collar 3.
The ring gear 29 is bolted 31 with the ring gear 29 interposed therebetween.

The clutch cover 12 is bolted to the flywheel 11 around the input shaft 92 with bolts 32, and has a pump drive ring gear 33 bolted to its transmission end.

The clutch disc 13 is connected to the Heb 34, the disc
It is composed of a plate 35, facings 36, 37, a torsion spring 38, etc., and its heb 34 is fitted into a spline portion 93 of its input shaft 92, and is reciprocated on the input shaft 92. Of course, the heave 34 has a large number of spline grooves 4.
It is attached to the input shaft 92 by fitting the bore 39 into a spline portion 93 of the input shaft 92, which has a plurality of splines 94 formed on its outer peripheral surface.

The pressure plate 14 consists of a ring plate and faces the facing 36 of the clutch disc 13 between the flywheel 11 and the clutch cover 12 and on the flywheel side.

The hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 is incorporated into the flywheel 11 and the pressure plate 14
are connected and held, the pressure plate 14 is pressed against the facing 36 of the clutch disc 13, and the disc plate 35 and facings 36, 37 are placed between the clutch cover 12 and the pressure plate 14. The pressure plate 14 is then separated from the facing 36 of the clutch disc 13 to perform a clutch engagement/disengagement operation.

The hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 is fitted with a ring cylinder 41 formed on the flywheel 11 so as to be able to reciprocate and slide within the ring cylinder 41, and has a clutch connection cylinder within the ring cylinder 41. a ring piston 43 forming a chamber 44 and a clutch disengagement cylinder chamber 45;
An extension sleeve 46 formed integrally with the piston 43 and connecting the pressure plate 14 thereof.
It is composed of.

The ring cylinder 41 is connected to the flywheel 1
The ring cylinder bore 4z is opened on the inner surface of the flywheel 11 and is formed coaxially with the flywheel 11, and the extension sleeve 46 is reciprocated under the seal 48, and the ring・Cylinder bore 42
The ring cover plate 47 closes the opening of the clutch connecting cylinder chamber boat 49.
and a clutch disconnect cylinder chamber boat 50.

The ring cover plate 47 is tightened to the inner surface of the flywheel 11 with bolts 52 via an O-ring 51, and an O-ring 48 is arranged on the sliding surface with the extension sleeve 46. are doing.

The clutch connecting cylinder chamber/< port 49 is formed in the flywheel 11 with one end opening into the clutch connecting cylinder chamber 44 and the other end opening into the ring groove 53 of the bearing bore 24; The clutch disconnect cylinder chamber port 50 opens to the clutch disconnect cylinder chamber 45 at one end and to the oil chamber 28 at the other end, and is isolated from the clutch connect cylinder chamber port 49. It is formed in the flywheel 11.

Further, the ring piston 43 has O-rings 54.55 arranged on the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface, respectively, and the O-rings 54.55 cover the sliding surface of the ring cylinder bore 42 and the ring piston 43. It seals the space between them.

The hydraulic pump 16 is mounted to the clutch housing via a bracket (not shown), and connects a pump gear 56 fixed to a pump shaft (not shown) to the pump drive of the clutch cover 12. - It meshes with ring gear 33.

The hydraulic pump 16 is also connected to the oil reservoir 57 and the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 by clutch connection and disconnection pressure oil lines 17,18, and supplies the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 with pressure oil.

Its clutch connection and clutch disconnection pressure oil piping 17.1
8 is connected to the hydraulic pump 16 by making the hydraulic pump 16 side a shared piping 58, and also connects the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 to the hydraulic pump 16 side.
Pump side piping 59.61 and cylinder side piping 60.6
2 and its hydraulic clutch cylinder 15 clutch connection and clutch disconnection cylinder chamber 44 .
45, respectively.

The shared pipe 58 connects a relief pipe 63 on the discharge port side of the hydraulic pump 16, and further has a pressure sensor 64 arranged downstream of the connection point of the relief pipe 63.

A relief valve 65 is arranged in the relief pipe 63 as usual.

In addition, one end of the pump side piping 59.61 is connected to the common piping 5B, and a lead formed on the input shaft cover 68 of the clutch/7X housing is connected at one end to the common piping 5B.
The other end is connected to ports 69 and 70 via a connector (not shown).

On the other hand, the cylinder side piping 60.62 is connected to the O-ring 72.7.
3. Under the seal of 74, its input shaft 92
The inner and outer pressure oil passages 75, 76 are separated by a sleeve 71 fitted into the bore 95 of the cylinder.

The inner pressure oil passage 75 has one end connected to the lead port 69 of the input shaft cover 68 and the other end connected to the clutch disconnection cylinder of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15.
Each is connected to a chamber port 50. That is, one end of the inner pressure oil passage 75 is connected to the input
A pump-side communication port 79 is connected to a ring groove 77 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input shaft 92 in alignment with the lead port 69 of the shaft cover 68, and the other end of the inner pressure oil passage 75 is in communication with the oil chamber 28 of its crankshaft 90.

The outer pressure oil passage 76 is connected at one end to the lead port 70 of the input shaft cover 68 and at the other end to the clutch connection cylinder chamber port 49 of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15.

One end of the outer pressure oil passage 76 is also connected to the input shaft cover 68, like the inner pressure oil passage 75.
its input port 70.
It is connected to a ring groove 78 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 92 through a pump side communication port 80.

The other end of the outer pressure oil passage 76 is connected to a ring groove 53 formed in the bearing bore 24 of the flywheel 11 through a cylinder side communication port 81.

Clutch connection and clutch disconnection solenoid valve 19.20ba3
With directional control valve, each solenoid coil 82.8
3 is connected to the electric circuit 22.

The clutch connection solenoid valve 19 is arranged in the pump side pipe 59 of the clutch connection pressure oil pipe 17 and is returned! 1
66 to the oil reservoir 57 from the hydraulic pump 16 to the clutch connection cylinder chamber 44 of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15;
It also controls the pressure oil flowing from its clutch connection cylinder, chamber 44, to its oil reservoir 57.

Further, the clutch disconnection solenoid valve 20 is arranged in the pump side piping 61 of the clutch disconnection pressure oil piping 18, and connects the tank port to the oil reservoir 5 via the return piping 67.
7 and from the hydraulic pump 16 to the clutch disengagement cylinder chamber 45 of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15.
It also controls the flow of pressurized oil from the clutch disengagement cylinder chamber 45 to the oil reservoir 57.

The first cumulator 21 is the clutch connecting solenoid valve 1.
9 is connected to the pump-side pipe 59 of the clutch connection pressure oil pipe 17.

The Achiemulator 21 is configured such that a load approximately equal to the sliding resistance of the seals 54, 55 in the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15, in other words, the sliding resistance of the ring piston 43, is applied by the pressure oil to the ring piston 4.
3, the pressure is set to allow a smooth and latched connection.

The control unit includes the pressure sensor 64;
A vehicle speed sensor (not shown), a load sensor (torque meter, not shown), etc. are electrically connected, and settings are made in advance according to the signals from these sensors in relation to the optimum engine data of the diesel engine. operating the clutch switch 23 in accordance with the transmission to be shifted according to the selected transmission shift pattern;
Solenoid coil 82.83 of the solenoid valve 19.20
The current flowing through the valve is controlled and the solenoid valve 19.20Ic valve is switched.

Of course, the control unit consists of an input and output circuit, an arithmetic circuit, a memory circuit, a control circuit, and a power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit shares the battery (not shown) of the bus, and the preset The system inputs the transmission shift pattern, optimal engine data, load, vehicle speed, etc., and automatically controls the transmission in the optimal state according to the driving conditions of the bus according to the signals from those sensors. , and the solenoid valve 19 corresponding to the automatically shifted transmission.
．． 20 to control clutch engagement/disengagement operation.

Next, to describe the operation of the fully automatic clutch 10 described above, since the hydraulic pump 16 is driven by the diesel engine, the clutch switch 23 is now set by the control unit as shown in FIG. When the clutch disconnection solenoid valve 20 is operated, the current flowing through the solenoid coil 83 is cut off, and the cylinder port is connected to the tank port in the clutch disconnection solenoid valve 20.
Pressurized oil returns from its clutch disconnection cylinder chamber 45 to oil reservoir 57 via line 67, while at the same time current flows through solenoid coil 82 and at its clutch connection solenoid valve 19, the pump port is Connected to the cylinder port, pressure oil flows from the hydraulic pump 16 to the clutch connection cylinder chamber 44 via the clutch connection pressure oil line 17 .

As a result, the ring piston 43
In the figure, the clutch disk 1 is moved rightward into the ring cylinder 41 and is pressed between the clutch cover 12 and the pressure plate 14 while pressing the pressure plate 14 against the facing 36.
3 and transmits power from the diesel engine to the transmission.

At that time, since the Achiemulator 21 is set in advance to a pressure corresponding to the sliding resistance of the ring piston 43, the hydraulic pump 16 is sent to the clutch connection cylinder chamber 44 of the hydraulic clutch cylinder 15.
The pressure rise of the pressure oil flowing through the clutch is gradual, and the clutch is connected very smoothly.

As mentioned above, the hydraulic clutch of the present invention embodied as the fully automatic clutch 10 has a finger control system.
It is applicable to vehicles equipped with a transmission operated by a transmission or a gear shift lever.

Conveniences and Benefits of the Invention As described above, compared to the hydraulic clutches that have already been proposed and used, the hydraulic clutch of the present invention is characterized in that the clutch connection pressure oil piping is connected to the clutch connection cylinder/chamber of the hydraulic clutch cylinder. Connect the hydraulic pump to
A clutch disconnection pressure oil line connects the hydraulic pump to a clutch disconnection cylinder chamber of the hydraulic clutch cylinder, a clutch connection solenoid valve is disposed in the clutch connection pressure oil line, and a clutch disconnection solenoid valve connects the clutch disconnection pressure oil line to the clutch disconnection cylinder chamber of the hydraulic clutch cylinder. Since the accumulator is disposed in the clutch connecting pressure oil piping between the hydraulic clutch cylinder and the clutch connecting solenoid valve, the hydraulic clutch of the present invention can be used for starting the vehicle and changing gears.
The hydraulic pressure rise of the pressure oil flowing from the hydraulic pump to the clutch connection cylinder chamber of the hydraulic clutch cylinder becomes gradual, the clutch connection is performed very smoothly, power can be gradually transmitted, and half-clutch operation is possible. stability, the starting of the vehicle is very smooth, excessive slippage is prevented, clutch disc facings are protected from excessive wear, in addition, complication of the hydraulic circuit is avoided, and It is extremely practical and can be applied not only as a fully automatic clutch but also as a clutch in a vehicle equipped with a finger control transmission or a transmission operated by a gear shift lever.

As for the relationship between the invention and the embodiments, the embodiments of the invention described with reference to the drawings will make it clear to those with ordinary knowledge of the art to which this invention pertains that various design modifications can be made. Furthermore, the content of this invention is essentially the same as that invention in that it satisfies essentially the same problem as that invention and achieves the same effect as that invention. would be easily replaced by an identical aspect to 0

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial axial sectional view of a hydraulic clutch of the present invention embodied as a fully automatic clutch and applied to a large bus, and FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the hydraulic clutch shown in FIG. 1. . DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Flywheel, 12... Clutch cover, 13... Clutch disc, 14... Pressure plate, 15... Hydraulic clutch cylinder, 16... Hydraulic pump, 17... ...Clutch connection pressure oil pipe, 18...Clutch disconnection pressure oil pipe, 19...Clutch connection solenoid valve, 20...Clutch disconnection solenoid valve, 2
1...Accumulator, 22...Electric circuit, 23.
...Clutch switch. &1 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] A flywheel fixed to the crankshaft of the engine and rotatably fitted to the tip of the input shaft of the transmission under a seal; - between a clutch cover fixed to a wheel, its flywheel and clutch cover, and between a clutch disc splined to its input shaft, its flywheel and clutch cover; On the flywheel side, the clutch
a pressure plate facing the disc; a hydraulic clutch cylinder disposed on the flywheel for pressing the pressure plate against and separating the pressure plate from the clutch disc; Clutch connection cylinder of hydraulic clutch cylinder
Clutch connection pressure oil piping that connects the hydraulic pump to the chamber, and the clutch disconnection cylinder of the hydraulic clutch cylinder.
A clutch disconnection pressure oil pipe connecting the hydraulic pump to the chamber, a clutch connection solenoid valve disposed in the clutch connection pressure oil pipe, a clutch disconnection solenoid valve disposed in the clutch disconnection pressure oil pipe, and the hydraulic clutch. - A hydraulic clutch including an accumulator disposed in the clutch connection pressure oil piping between the cylinder and the clutch connection solenoid valve.