JPS61218736A - Combustion photographing apparatus for internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To photograph the combustion state under the operation condition corresponding to an actual used machine by setting one edge of the optical fiber for photographing into a combustion chamber through a penetration hole formed onto a cylinder head and installing a photographing system at the other edge of the optical fiber. CONSTITUTION:In the lower part of a penetration hole 2a on a cylinder head 2, an optical-fiber seat receiving member 10 having a quartz glass 13 closely fixed is installed airtightly at the center. A protective cylinder 20 is fixed over the member 10. In the protective cylinder 20, an annular water passage consisting of a water feeding pipe 51 and a water discharging pipe 52 is formed. An optical fiber cable 40 is inserted into the center part of the annular water passage. One edge of the optical fiber inserted into the optical-fiber cable 40 is set close to a combustion chamber 5, and a photographing system is installed at the other edge. Then, the combustion state is photographed under the operation condition corresponding to an actual used machine.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a device for photographing combustion conditions within an internal combustion engine.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A conventional device for photographing the inside of an internal combustion engine is disclosed in, for example, the teaching material for the 122nd Kansai meeting of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, page 90.
As shown in the θ diagram, the visualized engine is an engine structure modeled by applying the law of similarity in order to reproduce the phenomena inside the actual engine, and the law of similarity is also taken into consideration for the injection period and the evaporation characteristics of the fuel spray. . A pulsed ruby laser (800 mJ) is used as a light source. As shown in the figure, quartz glass 18 is fitted into holes provided in the cylinder head 2 and piston to allow light to pass therethrough, ethane gas is jetted into the combustion chamber, and a hologram reconstructed image is obtained by a double exposure method.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the above technique, the elongated hole 8 is provided in the piston side wall in order to avoid the optical fiber 7 penetrated through the side wall.
In addition, because a large quartz glass 18 is fitted into the piston and cylinder head 2.8, the temperature is weak, and the operating conditions equivalent to a practical machine (for example, cylinder internal pressure, temperature, compression ratio, etc.) are not necessarily satisfied. The disadvantage was that it was not.

Furthermore, since each frame is photographed at high speed using a high-speed camera, the measurement time is in seconds, and development takes a lot of time and money, making it impossible to confirm the results at the experimental site. Some drawbacks included the inability to take measures such as changing driving conditions and taking pictures based on the confirmation results.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a photographing device that can photograph the combustion state over the entire stroke under operating conditions equivalent to a practical machine, and also allows visual confirmation and changes in shutter speed and shutter timing.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a configuration in which one end surface of an imaging optical fiber is exposed to the combustion chamber through a through hole provided in the cylinder head, and the other end of the optical fiber is exposed to the combustion chamber through a through hole provided in the cylinder head. An imaging system was installed.

According to the present invention, an image is extracted using a flexible optical fiber conductor under operating conditions equivalent to a practical machine. Then, frame-by-frame photography is performed using a video camera with an electronic shutter, etc.
Alternatively, continuous shooting is performed, and the shutter speed and shutter timing are changed as necessary.

5! Examples The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a through hole 2a provided in the cylinder head 2
An imaging optical fiber 40 is inserted through the combustion chamber 5 with one end surface thereof facing, and an imaging system 6 is connected to the other end of the optical fiber.
0 is set. Therefore, a practical internal combustion engine is used.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the cylinder head 2 is fixed to the upper part of a cylinder liner 1 via an assembly member not shown, and a piston 8 is slidable inside the cylinder liner. Intake valve hole and exhaust valve hole of cylinder head 2
In c, an optical fiber seat support member 10 is fitted in the lower part of the newly provided through hole 2a while maintaining an airtight state.

The optical fiber seat receiving member 10 has a circular optical fiber cylindrical seat receiving hole 11 in the center and a glass mounting hole 12 provided below through a step, and a quartz glass 18 is provided in the glass mounting hole. The packing 15 is attached to the top and bottom of the outer periphery.
The combustion chamber 6 is tightly fitted and fixed through the combustion chamber 6, and has an airtight counter-pressure structure with respect to the high temperature and high pressure combustion chamber 6. Below the mounting hole 12 is an enlarged diameter window 1 which further widens downward through a step.
It is 4. The enlarged diameter window 14 communicates with the combustion chamber 5 .

A protection tube 20 is fixed above the optical fiber seat support member 10. The protection tube 20 consists of a tube body 21 and an upper presser plate 22. The cylinder body 21 is formed with an upper flange 28 and a lower flange 24. The protection cylinder 20 is tightly fitted into the cylinder head 2 by the upper flange 28, and the optical fiber seat member is secured by the bolt 16 passing through the lower flange 24. 10 is screwed and fixed. Cylinder body 21 and presser plate 2
2 is substantially integrated with the upper part 7 via the flange 28. The holding plate 22 has a circular hole 22a passing through it vertically, and its top surface is covered with a thin seat plate 25 having a circular hole 25a in the center. This seat plate 25 is fixed to the holding plate 22 by seat plate tightening bolts 26. The circular hole 25a is sealed by two large and small rubber gaskets 27a and 27b. Also,
The retaining plate 22fi is penetrated by an assembly bolt 4 screwed onto the top of the cylinder head 2, and is tightened and crimped by a bolt 4b from above via a sleeve 4a.

An optical fiber cylinder mounting seat 80 is attached to the optical fiber component receiving hole 11 of the optical fiber seat receiving member 10. The mounting seat is attached to the optical fiber seat support member 10 by a mounting seat fixing bolt 85.
Fixed. An annular water channel 81 is formed within the optical fiber easy mounting seat 30 . The annular waterway has a water supply pipe 51. A water cooling member 50 consisting of a drain pipe 52 is connected. Circular waterway 8
1 is provided with a cleaning opening 82, and is normally fitted with @86.

An optical fiber cable 40 is inserted into the center of the m-shaped annular water I&ai. As shown in FIG. 5, the optical fiber cage/L'40 has an optical fiber 42 inserted into an outer tube 41, one end of which is brought close to the quartz glass 18, and an outer tube formed at the bottom of the outer tube 41. A screw 48 is screwed into the optical fiber tube mounting seat 80, and the optical fiber tube mounting seat 80 is tightened and fixed with a lockite 88. The optical fiber cable 40 is connected to the rubber gasket 27 at the upper part together with the water cooling member 50.
It has an earthquake-resistant structure that penetrates 8.27b.

The other end of the optical fiber cape/L/40 is attachment 6
2, an electronic shutter type video camera 6 serving as an imaging means
Connected to 1. If the video camera 61 uses a CCD element # (signal charge transfer imaging system), it will not suffer from poor sensitivity due to heat even when observing a large amount of light such as when observing a combustion chamber.

Since the electronic shutter can be operated at intervals of 1 ms to 2 ms, for example, it is possible to take a large number of frame-by-frame photographs even of high-speed phenomena such as combustion in the internal combustion engine of the present invention. Instead of the electronic shutter type camera, various other cameras can be attached to the attachment 62, and the inside of the combustion chamber can also be visually observed.

The imaging system 6 (H; t) is equipped with a control circuit 68 such as a microcomputer, which changes the shutter speed of the video camera 61 during frame-by-frame photography as necessary via an encoder 66 connected to the crankshaft 6, and Appropriate shutter timing can be selected depending on the angle, and a magnetic video disk 64 and a video motor 65 are provided.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a state in which illumination means 70 is attached to the imaging system 60. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9,
An optical fiber 7 is installed around the imaging optical fiber cable 40.
A plurality of illumination optical fiber capes lv'r8 (5! 4 in the example) accommodating the above-mentioned imaging optical fiber cape/L'40 are arranged in parallel.
It branches in the middle and is connected to a light source device 71 via an attachment 72 . The light source device has a variable amount of light. The illumination means 70 illuminates the inside of the combustion chamber 5 during the suction, compression, and exhaust 4j IC operation periods and as needed, making it possible to photograph the entire stroke.

In the above structure, the operating state inside the combustion chamber 5 is photographed over a wide-angle viewing range by the ZEDEO camera 61 via the quartz glass 18 and the imaging optical fiber cape/I/40t. Further, a video camera with an electronic shutter is used to take frame-by-frame pictures, and the pictures are loaded onto a high-recording video disk 64 or a video memory and immediately reproduced by a motor 65. Then, the control circuit 68 is operated to change the shutter speed in order to obtain an appropriate amount of exposure and received light, and in conjunction with the encoder 66, the appropriate shutter timing corresponding to the crank angle is selected. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 regarding the combustion cycle of a four-stroke internal combustion engine,
Even when it is desired to photograph the section from point A to point B, where the pressure inside the combustion chamber is highest among the suction, compression, explosion, and exhaust strokes, the photographing can be easily performed by operating the control circuit 63.

Images taken by the video camera 61 are temporarily recorded on a video disk 64 or a video memory. The recorded video can also be taken out in single sheets by the video motor 65. Of course, fast forwarding and reverse forwarding are also possible. The video camera 61. Since the disk 64 and the like are capable of high-speed photographing and recording, they can sufficiently cope with high-speed phenomena such as combustion in an internal combustion engine.

A mechanical shutter can also be used instead of an electronic shutter. Furthermore, if higher-speed photography than video photography is required, a high-speed camera can be connected to one end of the imaging system 60.

Optical fibers can withstand high temperatures, are flexible, and can withstand vibrations well, so if the overheated state of the combustion chamber 5 due to combustion heat does not affect the tips of the optical fibers 42.74, the annular water channel 81 and the water cooling member 50 may be omitted.

According to the imaging system 60 of the present invention, the video camera 61
Since the image taken by the motor 65 can be immediately observed by the motor 65, it can be viewed under various operating conditions at the site where the machine is being operated.
It can also be reviewed within a short period of time.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention allows one end surface of the imaging optical fiber to face the combustion chamber through the through hole provided in the cylinder head, and the imaging system is provided at the other end of the optical fiber. The combustion state under Osho's operating conditions can be effectively photographed through small-diameter quartz glass, and there are no problems with strength. Moreover, the optical fiber conductor is flexible and has no problem with vibration. Moreover, the device a of the present invention! Now, you can take frame-by-frame pictures with a video camera, load them onto a high-recording video disk or video memory, and immediately observe them using a motor, so you can change or review various operating conditions on the spot. Furthermore, the shutter speed can be changed and the shutter timing can be selected arbitrarily, which has brought great benefits.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an imaging device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a vertical cross-sectional view of the cylinder head and the optical fiber cable for imaging, FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along ■-■ of FIG. The figure is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the optical fiber cable for imaging, FIG. 6 is a graph showing the combustion pressure state in the internal combustion engine, FIG. 7 is a system diagram of another embodiment provided with illumination means, and FIG. FIG. 9 is an end view (FIG. 8) and a perspective view (FIG. 9) of an optical fiber cable for illumination incorporated into an optical fiber cable for imaging, and FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional device. 2- Cylinder head, 8... Piston, 5-fi firing chamber, '10... Optical fiber seat support member, 12... Glass mounting hole, 18... Quartz glass, 20... Protective cylinder ,
21--Cylinder body, 22--Press plate, 25--Seat plate,
80... Optical fiber tube mounting seat, 81... Annular waterway,
40... Optical fiber cable for imaging, 42... Optical fiber, 50... Water cooling member, 60... Imaging system,
61--electronic hole video camera, 68--control circuit,
66--Encoder, 70--Lighting means, 78--Illumination optical fiber cable

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) One end surface of an imaging optical fiber cable is exposed to the combustion chamber through a through hole provided in the cylinder head through quartz glass, and an imaging system is provided at the other end of the optical fiber cable. Combustion photography equipment for internal combustion engines. (2) An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein an optical fiber cable for illumination is arranged in parallel in the vicinity of the optical fiber cable for imaging, and light from a light source is guided by the optical fiber cable for illumination. combustion photography device. (3) The combustion photographing device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cooling water passage is provided in the mounting seat of the optical fiber cable, and the apparatus has a water-cooled structure. (4) The imaging system includes a video camera with a built-in shutter that can be remotely operated to photograph light from an optical fiber cable, a control circuit that controls shutter speed and shutter timing, a video desk or video memory, and a display motor. A combustion imaging device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1. (5) A combustion imaging device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the imaging system is capable of frame-by-frame imaging. (6) A combustion photographing device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the imaging system is capable of reproducing continuously photographed images as still images. (7) A combustion photographing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the imaging system is capable of adjusting the exposure amount. (8) A combustion photographing device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein timing adjustment is possible during reproduction of frame-by-frame imaging.