JPS61215773A - Enhancement of whiteness of vinyl chloride fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a method for improving the whiteness of vinyl chloride fibers, and in particular to irradiating polyfural fibers with ultraviolet rays.
The present invention provides a method for improving whiteness with better light fastness.

(Prior art) Conventional methods for improving the whiteness of vinyl chloride fibers include using peroxide systems such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, and sodium perborate, or bleaching powder, which are usually carried out with natural or synthetic fibers. By using a chlorine-based oxidizing bleach such as primary sodium hypochlorite or sodium chlorite, we chemically decompose the pigments contained in the fibers or the attached pigments without embrittling the fibers, making them pure white. chemical bleaching, or fluorescent whitening, which involves dyeing fibers with fluorescent dyes to make them look even whiter; Blue tinting is done by attaching pigments (for example, Indigo) with glue, and fluorescent dyes are added to a sodium chlorite bath and exposed to light simultaneously in one bath. Is it actually oxidative chemical bleaching, fluorescent whitening, to obtain a whiteness that suits it depending on the intended use? Methods such as seasoning and exposure to fluorescent light are used industrially.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in these methods, the cost of the drugs used, @
The energy and processing costs required to raise the temperature of the bleaching process inevitably increase the cost, and in chemical bleaching, the chemicals used are limited in order to avoid embrittlement of the fibers, and warm Not only are you limited by time.

In addition, when using chlorine-based oxidizing bleach, it is essential to take precautions such as exhausting the chlorine-based gas that is generated.
Furthermore, the reality is that the complexity of the process for performing the white discoloration improvement treatment cannot be avoided under the present circumstances.

Also, when vinyl chloride fibers are irradiated with ultraviolet IR.

It is true that the whiteness improves temporarily, but if the irradiation continues for a long time, it turns yellow, and as the coloring progresses, the intensity decreases.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In view of these current circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies on new whiteness improvement methods that reduce the cost of whiteness improvement methods and improve process complexity. The present invention was achieved by discovering the phenomenon that when UV rays are applied to vinyl chloride-based fibers containing .

In other words, the present invention is a vinyl chloride fiber containing a tin-based compound of 0.05% or more, which is characterized by being irradiated with ultraviolet rays that cut off light of less than 800mx. The present invention provides a whiteness method based on the above-mentioned method.

The tin compounds used in the present invention include 1, for example, maleate, mercaptide, and laurate compounds of dioctyl or dibutyltin compounds used as heat stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (for example, dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate).

dioctyltin mercapto', etc.), and tin-containing organic compounds such as dimethyltin-based compounds (for example, dimethyltin bis(in-octylmercaptoacetate)), tin oxide, tin acid, etc., and one or two of these compounds. A mixture of more than one species is used. The amount added is preferably 0.05 to 5.0. A sufficient effect cannot be obtained below 0.05% oivf, and not only is it not possible to obtain sufficient whiteness improvement even with ultraviolet irradiation, but further irradiation causes yellowing/15% oivf. Exceeding this is undesirable from the viewpoint of bleeding to the fiber surface and maintenance of mechanical properties.

The light source for ultraviolet irradiation used in the present invention is 800-
High-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, solar lamps, carbon arcs, sunlight, etc. are selected from light sources that efficiently emit +00nm ultraviolet I@, and the wavelength range of 800 nm or less of the emitted ultraviolet rays is cut with a filter. □As a filter to be used for this purpose, an ordinary transparent glass plate is most preferable from a practical point of view, and a polyester film (also suitable for use) is preferable.

Examples of the vinyl chloride fibers of the present invention include polyfural fibers, polyvinyl fibers, and modacrylic fibers,
The whiteness can be improved using staples, threads, non-woven fabrics, two pieces of paper, and woven fabrics, and it can be carried out by a batch method or a continuous method. The fibers contain inorganic additives such as titanium oxide calcium carbonate, and antistatic agents.

It may contain commonly used additives such as antioxidants, softeners, pigments, and dyes, or may be subjected to post-processing such as finishing agents, resin processing agents, spinning oils, etc. Furthermore, after the treatment according to the method of the present invention, the material may be subjected to post-processing using a finishing agent, a resin processing agent, a spinning oil, or a treatment such as dyeing.

(Functions and Effects) The ultraviolet rays used in the present invention have a wavelength of 300.
-Use the following parts and add vinyl chloride 1
A tin-based compound is added to ml/l.

Its actions and effects are as follows. For example, the high-pressure mercury lamp Ha365 is the most convenient light source for ultraviolet irradiation.
Set m and l to the dominant wavelength and r, 253.7, 303°313m
It efficiently emits ultraviolet light with a wavelength of μ. When using this high-pressure mercury lamp to directly irradiate polyfural fibers without using a filter, the whiteness improves slightly after irradiation, but if the irradiation continues further, yellowing occurs and the intensity decreases to 0, making it impractical. Therefore, it cannot be a useful method for improving one white meal. As a result of various studies to solve this problem, it was found that by using ultraviolet light with 253.71% of the light cut off, the yellowing and strength loss of the fibers were significantly reduced. As a filter for 253.7p light, an ordinary glass plate that absorbs light with a wavelength of 300m7 or less and efficiently transmits light with a wavelength of 800mu or more is used to cut off light with a wavelength of 300mμ or less. When vinyl chloride fibers are irradiated with irradiation, the whiteness of the fibers noticeably improves, and once it reaches a certain level, the whiteness becomes almost constant, and its light fastness is sufficient, with no decrease in fiber strength, and the fiber strength is 800 mg. Cutting out the following wavelengths of light will lead to an easy way to improve whiteness.

However, simply cutting out light with a wavelength of 800 or less is not enough, and the whiteness improvement effect is greatly affected by the types of additives contained in the fiber as heat stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, etc. Among the additives, only tin-containing additives exhibit a unique behavior, and are effective in maintaining whiteness and preventing strength loss after the whiteness reaches a certain level. This is presumed to be due to some mechanism in which the tin compound has a positive effect on preventing deterioration caused by ultraviolet rays. -1 Even when vinyl chloride fibers that do not contain tin compounds are irradiated with ultraviolet rays of light of 800 mμ or more, the whiteness initially improves as with those containing all the tin compounds, but if irradiation is continued. As time goes by, the whiteness decreases, yellowing occurs when irradiated for a long time, and the light fastness also deteriorates.

As described above, compared to conventional methods, the method for improving whiteness of the present invention does not involve the use of chemicals, so the processing steps are significantly simplified and costs can be reduced.

(Examples) The present invention will be specifically explained below using examples.
In this example, whiteness, tensile strength, and light fastness were measured by the following methods: (a) Whiteness JIS L-1015 (1981)?・According to the D method specified for 17 whiteness, it is measured with a UV-bis spectrophotometer (newly manufactured by Hitachi) or (b) tensile.
Strength JISL-1015 (1981)?・7.1 Measured using a Matsukenji complete testing machine (manufactured by MAEDA, MF'αCO) according to the constant speed loading method specified for tensile strength.

C→ Light fastness Measured using a standard ultraviolet fade meter (carbon fade meter, manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) according to the regulations of JrSL-08+2 (1971).

In addition, the component ratio of the Voliclar fiber in this example was polychlorination and polyvinyl alcohol = 50150.Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 In producing the Voliclar fiber, the additives shown in Table 1 were used. Adding #'i 2%- singly or in combination to produce 2dX51+w volikral fibers and making Kuep using a mini-cheer spinning machine.

Width x length x thickness: 200 x 11 on an aluminum plate
It was expanded to a size of 200 wm x 5 cm, and a glass plate with a thickness of 1.5 + W was placed at a position of 80 cm on the web surface; The whiteness of the polyclar fiber containing the tin compound of the invention increased with the irradiation time, and after 15 minutes of irradiation, the whiteness almost reached equilibrium and showed excellent light fastness of grade 5 or higher. On the other hand, all of the Voliclar fibers containing tin-free compounds in the control test showed a remarkable improvement in whiteness after 15 minutes of irradiation, but when irradiation was continued further, the whiteness decreased, and each The light fastness also decreased to grade 8, and yellowing occurred when the irradiation was continued for a longer period of time.From these results, it can be seen that the tin compound effectively affects the light fastness after increasing the whiteness.

[Margin below]

5iJl #Example 2 and Comparative Example 6 Dioctyltin dilaurate as a heat stabilizer at 0°8%
Boliclar fiber manufactured by adding ivf 2dX51m
The web is made using a miniature spinning machine.

Weight 1.5F width x length x thickness 2200 stories x 200 x
5wK was spread on an aluminum plate, and a 211II thick glass plate was installed at a position 20m above the web surface.

Ultraviolet rays were irradiated from a 400 W high-pressure mercury lamp from a position 150 m above the web. Also as a comparative test.

Polyfural fibers made in the same manner were directly irradiated with ultraviolet rays onto the web using the same method without using a glass plate.

The test results are shown in Table 2.

Using a glass plate as a filter of the present invention to cut out light of less than aoomμ from a high-pressure mercury lamp and irradiating it with nine ultraviolet rays, the whiteness of Voliclar fibers improved 15 minutes after irradiation, and continued irradiation for 80 minutes later at t1. Equilibrium was almost reached. Tensile strength was unchanged from before irradiation ◇ Light fastness was 8-4 grade before irradiation, 4 grade after 15 minutes of irradiation, and 5 after 80 minutes of irradiation.
In contrast, in a comparative test that did not use a glass filter, the whiteness improved slightly after 15 minutes of irradiation.

If the irradiation continues for more than 80 minutes, the fibers turn yellow, and the longer the irradiation time, the more the strength decreases.

From the results of this test, it is clear that in the whitening method of the present invention, an excellent whitening effect can be obtained by cutting off ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 300 mμ or less.

[Margin below]

Examples 8 to 5 0 each of dioctyltin dimercapto as a thermal stabilizer
．． 0B, 0.05.0.5.2.04bof
Using a mini chair spinning machine, webs were made from 3 d x 51 m of the polyfural fibers produced by adding 9 ml of polyfural fibers, each weighing 1 ft.
Width x length x thickness = 200 + wX 2005m x 5 m
Spread these on an aluminum plate like Ic, install a 2cm thick glass plate at a position of 2.0 - above the web surface, and then apply ultraviolet T of an IKVV high pressure mercury lamp from a position of 150cm above the web. #JI was irradiated and the results are shown in Table 8, and almost equilibrium was reached, no decrease in strength was observed, and the light resistance was grade 5 or higher, showing an excellent effect.The amount added was less than 0.05 inch. At .0111K, the whiteness improves for up to 8 minutes, but as the irradiation continues, the whiteness decreases, and if the irradiation continues for an even longer period of time (80 minutes), it turns yellow and the light fastness deteriorates. , a sufficient effect cannot be obtained with an addition amount of 0.08 t. From these results, it is necessary to contain at least t-0.05% oivf of the tin-based compound in the polyfural fiber in order to achieve the present invention. it is obvious.

[Margin below]

Example 6 Polyfural fabric (9 count plain weave (vertical x
horizontal”) 80/LX80/1. Number of strokes (vertical x horizontal,
While continuously moving the 68x60) horizontally by changing the layers, a glass plate with a thickness of 2 mm was installed at a position 20 m above the horizontal surface of the fabric, and then above it, 100 m from the surface of the fabric.
Ultraviolet #JI (irradiation surface length: 1500 m) was irradiated from two 1KW high-pressure mercury lamps installed at the - position.

As a result, the brightness of the polyfural fiber fabric before irradiation was 88.4.
The speed of the fabric after irradiation is 5 compared to the irradiation fastness class 8 to 4.
+ 8 + 1 iin, the whiteness is 8 each
5.1.88.6.88.9, light fastness 4 each
It showed an excellent whiteness improvement effect of grade 5, grade 5, grade 5.

Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 A 25μ polyester film was placed on paper with a basis weight of 45 sheets made using 2 d x 5 m of polyfural fibers containing 1.5% ml of dioctyltin silaclay as an additive and placed at a position of 200 m above the paper. After irradiation with ultraviolet rays for 60 minutes from a 400W high-pressure mercury lamp, the whiteness before irradiation was 84.11 and the light fastness was grade 8-4, but after irradiation the whiteness was 88°8ts and the light fastness was grade 5 or higher. In contrast, polyfural fibers irradiated for the same period of time without using a polyester film turned yellow.

Example 8 Dioctyltin dilaurate 1.5%, stannic acid 2°5%
Polyfural fiber fabric containing wf (1st plain weave (vertical x
Horizontal) 80/1X80/1. Number of drives (vertical x 9 x 7 inches) 68 x 60. A 2-inch thick ordinary transparent glass plate was placed on top of the □ which was irradiated with sunlight for 5 days. Whiteness before irradiation was 88.
．． 0%, light fastness level 8-4, whiteness level 8 after irradiation
861%, brightness fastness & 541 or higher whiteness improvement effect is achieved.90

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for improving whiteness with excellent light fastness, characterized by irradiating vinyl chloride fiber containing 0.05% or more of a tin-based compound with ultraviolet light that cuts light of 300 mμ or less.