JPS61210864A - Linear dc motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase thrust and improve efficiency, by winding up the specified inserting grooves of a long-plate-formed core with a plurality of cables turn- toroidally. CONSTITUTION:The magnetic poles with N, S arranged alternately with the width T are provided for field magnets 5. A core 8 is provided with a plurality of grooves 7 for inserting armature coils vertical to the running direction of the field magnets, on the upper and lower surfaces, at intervals of T/2 or approx. T/2. Also on the upper and lower surfaces of the core 8, shallow grooves 9 in quantity n (n is a positive integer of 1 or more.) are formed with the width T/2 at equal intervals. The grooves 7 of the core 8 are wound up turn-toroidally with a plurality of conductors, and the first conductor sections 11a contributing to thrust are formed, and the terminal for the winding end of the first conductor section 11a is conducted to the position of the groove 7 separated by the magnetic pole width T of the field magnets 5 in the running direction, and one armature coil is formed by winding up the groove 7 position toroidally with the second conductor section 11b contributing to thrust in the direction opposite to the first conductor section 11a.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field of the present invention) The present invention relates to linear DC motors.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, the stator armature 1 of a movable magnet W linear DC motor is shown in Fig. 1.This stator armature 1 is formed of a laminated plate made of magnetic plates. As shown in FIG. 2, four groups of armature coils each formed by winding a large number of conductive wires in the shape of a turn frame are superimposed on each other as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. The above m6 is the field magnet 5 of the core 2.
A large number of them are formed substantially perpendicular to the running direction of the running element.

The groove 3 is formed to have a width of approximately T/2. In other words, one of the armature coils 4 is effective (contributes to the generated thrust)
The other effective conductor part 4b connected to the conductor part 4a (the first conductor part 4 & and the second conductor part 4b are defined as so-called - armature coils 4 are formed.

This means that the first and second conductor parts 4 under similar conditions
a, 4b? This is a concept that allows for the inclusion of N is m・
2@T/2(-mT) (m is an odd number greater than or equal to 1 or approximately m
・2・T/2(-mT) times the opening angle width is the groove 6 above.
is wrapped in. Here, referring again to FIG. 2, the conductor parts 4a and 4b parallel to the magnetic pole boundary line of the running element (field magnet 5) are conductor parts that contribute to thrust, and the conductor parts 4c,'
4d is a conductor portion that does not contribute to thrust. Since the armature coil 4 is wound into a frame shape, the opening angle width of the conductor parts 4a and 4b that contributes to thrust is an odd number multiple of the magnetic pole width of the field magnet 5. It becomes. In this embodiment, the armature coil 4 has an opening angle width approximately equal to the magnetic pole width of the field magnet 5.

The armature coil 4 shown in FIG. 2 is very expensive because most of the armature coil 4 is comprised of conductor portions 4c and act that do not contribute to thrust.

That is, since the price of the armature coil 4 is directly affected by the weight of the conducting wire forming it, it is desirable that the conductor parts 4c and 4d, which do not contribute to thrust, be almost eliminated if possible. In order to obtain a highly efficient linear DC motor with smooth thrust ripple and large thrust, the first step is to
As shown in the figure, it is desirable to arrange the four groups of armature coils in an overlapping manner with a phase shift. However, if you do it like this,
This has the drawback that the unnecessary conductor portions 4as4d further increase, resulting in a very expensive linear DC motor. Furthermore, with such a configuration, the field magnet 5 can only be disposed on one side of the stator armature 1, making it impossible to obtain a large thrust.

(Objective of the present invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in some types and types, it is possible to prevent the armature coils from overlapping even if they are arranged in a superimposed manner as shown in Fig. 1. In addition to making it suitable for mass production, the above type and the type in which the armature coils do not overlap can almost eliminate conductor parts that do not contribute to thrust, making it possible to mass produce at low cost, and having a smooth thrust ripple. , and to obtain a highly efficient linear DC motor having a large thrust.

(Embodiments of the present invention) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and subsequent figures.

(First Embodiment) Here, the movable magnet type linear DC motor 6 will be described in the same way as in the case of FIG. 1.

The core 8 has a running element (a field magnet 5-1.5 to be described later).
-2) Armature coil insertion groove 7't- perpendicular to the running direction
It is formed into a long plate shape made of a large number of magnetic materials on both upper and lower surfaces at intervals of T/2 or approximately T/2 (Figs. 4 and 5).
(see figure). In addition, n (n is a positive number of connections of 1 or more) shallow grooves 9 with a width of T/2n are formed at equal intervals on both the upper and lower surfaces of the core 8. Shallow groove 9 and T
m (=n+1) protrusions 10 having a width of /2n are also formed mutually. The opening angle width of the armature coil insertion groove 7 between It cocoa and 8 is set to T/2n. As shown in FIG. 6, if! The first conductor part 11 which is wound in a toroidal shape and contributes to the thrust is formed by forming a shadow, and the winding end terminal 12 of the first conductor part 11a is connected to the magnetic pole width of the field magnet 5-1.5-2. A second conductor part 11 is guided to a groove 7 position separated by T in the running direction, and contributes to thrust in the opposite direction to the first conductor part 11a at that groove 7 position. armature coils 11 are formed. By equipping the core 8 with the 11 groups of armature coils formed in this way at regular intervals so as not to overlap each other, the stator armature 16fj! : Forming. Now in Figure 4, 3
armature coils 11-1. ....

Only 11-6 is depicted. On each of the upper and lower surfaces of the stator armature 13, field magnets 5-1, 5-2 shown in FIG. It is a running child that moves. On the back of the field magnets) 5-1 and 5-2, there are magnetic yokes 14-1 and 14 for completely closing the magnetic path.
-2 is fixedly installed. In addition, field magnets 5-1 and 5
-2 means that the same poles are facing each other.

By equipping it, you can obtain a linear DC motor with a iron core that has a smooth thrust IJl pull 9 and can obtain the largest thrust when energized at 180 degrees.

In addition, the armature coil 11 includes a field magnet 5-1.5.
It is necessary to switch the current direction depending on the relative position with -2.

In this case, when switching the current direction to the armature coils 11 groups, one position detection element is provided for every 11 armature coils, for example, a magnetic sensor such as a Hall element, a Hall IC, or a magnetoresistive element. is simple.

However, since providing a plurality of magnetic sensors like this is expensive, an encoder may be used to detect the position, speed, and movement position.

FIG. 7 shows armature coil 11=1. . . , a developed view of the armature 13 and the field magnets 5-1 and 5-2, which are comprised of the 11-3 group. Armature coil 11-1°..., 11-
Conductor portions 11a and 1f that contribute to the first and second thrust of No. 3
b are connected to the semiconductor rectifier 15, respectively. Magnetoelectric conversion element 16-1.16- used as a position detection element
2.16-6 are armature coils 11-1. ...
, 11-1, each of which has its output terminal connected to the semiconductor rectifier 15. Do the magnetoelectric conversion elements 16-1, . . . , 16-3 detect the N pole or S pole of the field magnet 5-1 or 5-2? Then, the current direction of the armature coils 11'-1, . . . , 11-5 is switched to maintain maximum thrust in a predetermined direction. 17-1, 17
-2 are a positive power supply terminal and a negative power supply terminal, respectively.

(Second embodiment) The conductor portion 11a contributing to the first thrust and the second
As shown in the figure, the conductor portion 11a of the armature coil 11
, 11b do not necessarily have to be arranged at equal intervals.

FIG. 9 shows a developed view of the armature 16 consisting of the armature coil 11 group and the field magnet 5-1, 5-2 in the case of FIG. 8.

(Third Example) In the armature coil 11 in the above example, the first conductor portion 11a that contributes to thrust and the second conductor portion 11b that contributes to thrust are field magnets) 5-1.5 -2 magnetic pole width T or approximately the magnetic pole width T, but as shown in FIG. When the first conductor part 11 that is wound and contributes to the thrust forms a shadow, and the winding end terminal 12 of the first conductor part 11a is set to the magnetic pole width t-T of the field magnet 5-1.5-2, Move away in the running direction by 2T times and guide it to the 7th position of the Yuden coil insertion groove.
By winding a conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns in the same direction as the first conductor part 11a at the insertion groove 7 position to form a second conductor part 11b') that contributes to thrust, one armature coil is formed. 11t- may be formed. Now, in FIG. 10, only two armature coils 11-1 and 11-2 are depicted, and the developed view in this case is as shown in FIG. 11.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a case where the armature coils 11 are arranged in an overlapping manner as shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14. Incidentally, in the linear DC motor 6 of the present invention, even if the armature coils 11 groups are arranged in an overlapping manner, the armature coils 11 groups do not overlap. Therefore, compared to the one in FIG. 1, the core 8 can be equipped with 11 groups of armature coils more easily.
It can be mass-produced at low cost. The armature coil 11-1 is a first conductor portion 11a that contributes to thrust force by winding a conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns in the armature coil insertion groove 7 of the core 8.
-1 (see FIGS. 12 to 14), and extend the winding end multi-terminal 18 of the first conductor portion 11a-1 in the running direction by the magnetic pole width T of the field magnet 5-1.5-2. The first conductor portion 11 is inserted into the insertion groove 7 at a distance from the insertion groove 7.
A second conductor portion 11 contributing to thrust in the opposite direction to a-1
By winding b-1 into a toroidal shape, an armature coil 1l-1t is formed. The first conductor portion 11a
-1 winding start terminal 19 is a semiconductor rectifier (drive circuit)
It is connected to a connection terminal 20 between the collectors of transistors Q and Q of 15.

21 is a position detection element of the armature coil 11-1 (for example,
Hall element, Hall IC, or other magnetoelectric transducer), on the second conductor portion 11b-1 that contributes to the thrust or at its extended position and at the side facing position of the field magnet 5-1 or 5-2 or at the corresponding position. are placed in equal positions. terminal 2
2.23 is an input terminal for inputting the output of the position detection element 21, and the position detection element 21 is connected to the field magnet 5-1 or 5-.
When the 2ON pole and S pole are detected, the corresponding element 21. Transistor Q or q becomes conductive at the output of armature coil 1.
1-1 in a predetermined direction to obtain thrust in a predetermined direction. The terminal 18 is connected to the positive power supply terminal 17-1. The same applies to the following, so detailed explanation will be omitted. Next, field magnet 5-1.5-2
The intermediate position of the magnetic pole width T, that is, the - opening angle between the first conductor part 11a-1 and the second conductor part 11b-1 of the armature coil 11-1, An armature coil 1 that contributes to thrust by winding a number of conductive wires in a toroidal shape in a groove 7 position separated (shifted) from a-1 in the running direction.
Winding end terminal 2 of the conductor portion 11a-2 forming the first conductor portion 11a-2 of 1-2 and contributing to the first thrust
4 to a groove 7 position separated in the running direction by the magnetic pole width T of the field magnet 5-1. The armature coil 1l-2t is formed by winding the second conductor portion 1lb-2t. This armature coil 1
As is clear from 1-1.11-2, armature coil 1
1-1 and 11-2 do not overlap at all, or only overlap by one conductor. Also, conductor parts that do not contribute to thrust (in Fig. 2, conductor parts 4d and 4c)
The armature coil 11t can be formed at a low cost since there are not many parts corresponding to the armature coil 11t. In addition, 25.26.27
are armature coils 11-2.11-3.11-, respectively.
4, the armature coil 11-1
It is located in the same position as 9 as explained in .

If the armature coils 11-3, 11-4, etc. are formed in the same way as the armature coils 11-1, 11-2, even if the armature coils 11 groups are arranged in an overlapping manner, the armature coils 11 groups will be There is no overlap as in Furthermore,
By forming all the other armature coils in the same manner as in the case of armature coils 11-1 and 11-2, even if the armature coils 11 groups are arranged in an overlapping manner, the armature coils 11 groups will not be arranged in a superimposed manner. That's fine.

In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the ninth embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration.
When the N or S magnetic pole of 2 is detected, the semiconductor rectifier 15
The transistor Q, and the transistor Q.

conducts, a current in a predetermined direction is applied to the armature coil 11, a thrust in a predetermined direction is obtained, and the field magnet (5-1.5-2t) serving as a traveler is caused to run linearly in a predetermined direction.

In the lj near DC motor 6 in this fourth embodiment, the armature coils 11 are arranged in a superimposed manner shifted by 1/2 pitch, that is, T/2 or approximately T/2, so the thrust ripple is also reduced by 1/2. Or, the moving element will move smoothly by approximately l/2. Moreover, even if the armature coil 11 groups are arranged in a superimposed manner, the armature coil 1
Since the first group does not have double thickness and increase the air gap, a large thrust can be obtained.

(Fifth Embodiment) In the first, second, and fourth embodiments described above, the armature coil 11 has a first conductor portion 11a that contributes to thrust and a second conductor portion 11b that contributes to thrust. field magnet) 5-1
．． 5-2, conductive wires are wound in opposite directions in the coil insertion grooves 7 in the alternating current state, separated by the magnetic pole width T or approximately T. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the field magnet is generated from the first conductor portion 11a that contributes to thrust.
Odd number of magnetic pole width of 2 @ (for example, 3 times, 5 times, etc.)
How many odd number times is the conductor wire in the other armature coil insertion groove 7? A second conductor portion 1 lb that leads and winds in a toroidal shape in the opposite direction to the first conductor portion 11a and contributes to thrust force.
By forming the k shadow, one armature coil 11 may be formed.

(Sixth Embodiment) In the second embodiment, the arrangement structure was such that the armature coils 11 groups do not overlap, but as shown in the fourth embodiment, the armature coils 11 are shifted by 1/2 pitch. They may be arranged in a superimposed manner.

(Seventh Embodiment) In the second and sixth embodiments described above, the single mechatronic coil 11 has a thrust force (4-). Magnet) 5-1.5-
The conductive wires are wound in the same direction in the armature coil insertion grooves 7 which are spaced apart by 2T, which is twice or almost twice the width T of the two magnetic poles. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the field magnet 5-1.
4 times = 4T, 6 times - 6T, ...) or approximately an even number times away from another armature coil insertion groove 7, and wind it in a toroidal shape in the same direction as the first conductor portion 11a. By turning and forming the second conductor portion 11bt which contributes to the thrust,
One armature coil 11 may be formed.

(Eighth Example) In the above example, it has been shown that the armature coil 11 may be arranged in a superimposed manner.
, with the phase shifted by 1/2 pitch. Here, a smoother thrust ripple can be obtained and a highly efficient IJ
To explain the case of obtaining the near DC motor 6, the armature coil insertion groove 7 is formed in the core 8, and the field magnet) 5-1.5-
In the case where only n (n is a positive integer of 1 or more) are formed in one magnetic pole width T of 2, n armature coils 11 are formed with m of the magnetic pole width T (m is a positive integer of 1 or more). integer)
1/1 pitch or T/m pitch or approximately T/m pitch
It is preferable to wind the armature coil insertion groove 7 of the core 8 with an offset of m.

(Ninth Embodiment) In the above case, in the case of a double-sided arrangement type in which the field magnets 5-1 and 5-2t are disposed opposite to each other on both the upper and lower surfaces of the stator armature 13, the field is fully explained. magnetic magnet 5
Only either one of -1 or 5-2 may be provided. However, in this case, efficiency is degraded. Furthermore, it may be of a cylindrical shape to improve the efficiency of the uniform magnetic flux type.

(Apprentice Embodiment) In the above embodiment, the movable magnet!linear DC motor 6 was explained, but the movable coil 4° coil may be formed into a linear DC motor.This moving coil type linear DC motor The field magnet 5-1.5
-2? It is convenient to form a long core 8 to serve as a stator, to form a short core 8 having armature coils 11, and to use this core 8 as a running element.

(Effects of the Present Invention) As is clear from the above, according to the linear DC motor of the present invention, the opening angle width of the armature coil is formed by winding to an odd number multiple or one centimeter times the field magnet width. Various products can be obtained depending on the method and design specifications. The 7jt Isogo coil has almost no conductor parts that do not contribute to thrust, so it can be formed at low cost. Furthermore, in order to obtain a highly efficient linear DC motor with a smooth thrust caliper and a large thrust, even if the armature coil groups are arranged in a superimposed manner with phase shifts, the IJ near DC motor of the present invention will not be affected. According to this method, since the armature coil groups do not substantially overlap, there is an effect that the armature coil group is suitable for mass production.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a conventional stator armature, and Figure 2 is a perspective view of a conventional stator armature.
3 is a perspective view of a field magnet, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a stator armature as a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a winding forming method as an example of the armature coil of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the stator armature in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a developed view of the field magnet and the armature consisting of the armature coil group in the example, and FIG. 9 is the field magnet and stator in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the stator armature in the third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a development view of the field magnet and stator armature in FIG. A perspective view of a stator armature in a fourth embodiment of the invention, FIG. 13 is a side vertical sectional view showing the main parts of a movable magnet type linear DC motor in a fourth embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 14 is a fourth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a developed view of a stator armature and a field magnet in FIG. 1... Stator armature, 2... Core, 6...
... Armature coil insertion groove, 4 ... Armature coil, 4
a, 4b”・Conductor part contributing to thrust, 4 c +4d
...Conductor portion that does not contribute to thrust, 5-1.5-2.
...Field magnet, 6.Movable magnet type linear DC motor, 7.Armature coil insertion groove, 8.
... Core, 9 ... Shallow groove, 10 ... Convex part,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Armature coil, 11a... First conductor part which contributes to thrust, 11b... Second conductor part which contributes to thrust, 12... Winding end terminal, 16.
... Stator armature, 14-1, 14-2... Magnetic yoke, 15... Semiconductor rectifier (drive circuit),
16...Position detection element, (magnetoelectric conversion element), 17
-1... Positive side power supply terminal, 17-2... Negative side power supply terminal, 18... Winding end terminal, 20... Winding start terminal, 21... Position detection element, 22.23. −
・Terminal, 24... Winding end terminal, 25.26.2
7...Position detection element.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) Thrust is generated by winding a large number of conductive wires in a toroidal shape in the grooves of a core made of a long plate-shaped magnetic material, which has many armature coil insertion grooves on both upper and lower surfaces, which are formed perpendicularly to the running direction of the running element. forming a first conductor part that contributes to A single armature coil is formed by winding the conductor to form a second conductor that contributes to the thrust, and the armature coil group is installed on the core, and the p( p is a positive integer of 2 or more) A field magnet with a pole is placed opposite to the core equipped with the armature coil group, and either the field magnet or the core equipped with the armature coil group is used as a running element. , in a linear DC motor with the other as a stator, shallow grooves having a pitch approximately equal to the opening width of the armature coil insertion groove are continuously formed on both upper and lower surfaces of the core at equal intervals at a pitch equal to or approximately equal to the opening width. A linear DC motor made of (2) The linear armature coil group according to claim 1, wherein the armature coil group is arranged in a superimposed manner with the first and second conductor portions shifted in phase in the running direction so as not to overlap with each other. DC motor. (3) The armature coil is constructed by guiding the conductor wire from the first conductor portion that contributes to the thrust to another armature coil insertion groove that is spaced apart from the first conductor portion by an odd number times or approximately an odd number times the magnetic pole width of the field magnet. The linear DC motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second conductor part is wound in a toroidal shape in a direction opposite to the conductor part to form a second conductor part that contributes to thrust. (4) The armature coil is constructed by guiding a conductive wire from the first conductor portion contributing to the thrust to another armature coil insertion groove spaced apart from the first conductor portion by an even number or approximately an even number of times the magnetic pole width of the field magnet. A second conductor part that contributes to thrust is formed by winding in a toroidal shape in the same direction as the conductor part of claim 1 (
The linear DC motor described in item 1) or item (2). (5) The field magnet is characterized in that the same poles are arranged opposite to each other on the upper and lower surfaces of a core equipped with the armature coil group. )
The linear DC motor described in any of the paragraphs. (6) In the case where n armature coil insertion grooves are formed per one magnetic pole width of the field magnet (n is a positive integer of 1 or more), n armature coils are formed per one magnetic pole width of the field magnet. The linear DC motor according to any one of claims (1) to (5), wherein the linear DC motor is wound around the core with a pitch offset of m (m is a positive integer of 1 or more).