JPS61208486A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep monitoring on the conditions of the inlet portion and the like of a cooling pipe without stopping the operation of a power plant and to operate a cleaning device at a suitable time to prevent occurrence of any seawater leakage trouble by installing a pair of an observation window and a light collecting window in a water chamber of the condenser so that these windows correspond to a cooling pipe provided at the upper part of a tubular plate and a cooling pipe provided at the lower part of the tubular pipe. CONSTITUTION:Cooling water the pressure of which has been increased by means of a circulation water pump 13 enters into an inlet water chamber 2 via a water in-take pipe 9 and a cooling water inlet pipe 6, and moves toward a cooling pipe 5. A large quantity of seawaters are conveyed to the vicinity of the inlet of the cooling pipe 5 installed at the upper part of a tubular plate 4, and large oceanic lives and foreign matters are caught and cannot flow, thus blocking the cooling pipe 5. The operator applies illumination through the light collecting window 12, on one hand, and checks from time to time if these is any trouble by drawing his eyes near to the observation window 11. If any trouble is found, the attached cleaning device is operated. If the trouble should not be eliminated by the operation of the cleaning device, the operation of the cleaning device is stopped at a suitable selected time and blocking of the pipe is eliminated by weeping.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a condenser that condenses steam expanded in a steam turbine.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, a condenser in a power generation plant using a steam turbine exchanges heat with water as a cooling medium to obtain condensate from the turbine exhaust, and the turbine exhaust and cooling water are connected indirectly through a heat transfer wall. I'm trying to get in touch with. In this case, a large amount of cooling water is required for heat exchange, so seawater in the sea area near where the power generation plant is located is used, but marine organisms and foreign objects that live in seawater may get mixed into the cooling water. It flows into the condenser together with the cooling water. Because of the size of the marine organisms that have flowed into the condenser, some of them pass through the pipes that guide the cooling water, that is, the cooling pipes, and are discharged outside the condenser. Water chamber C: Some remain.

Usually, if marine organisms remain attached, various problems will occur. For example, if these marine organisms inhabit the inlet of a cooling pipe, the flow of cooling water there will stop, and heat exchange with steam will no longer take place, resulting in a drop in performance compared to the rated capacity of the condenser. invite. On the other hand, since the amount of cooling water here is held constant, the amount of cooling water flowing into other cooling pipes will increase, causing the flow velocity in the pipes to abnormally increase beyond the design value, which may cause erosion of the cooling pipes. .

Furthermore, if the entrance of the cooling pipe is not completely covered with foreign objects or marine organisms and the cooling water flows through the gap, a vortex will be generated downstream of the obstruction, and the inner surface will erode around this point.

If the above erosion progresses and a cooling pipe leakage accident occurs,
Since the pressure on the cooling water side is higher than the pressure inside the condenser, cooling water, that is, seawater, mixes into the condensate. Since condensate is feed water for boilers or nuclear reactors, it is required to prevent such seawater from entering the water.

Therefore, the following methods have been conventionally taken as countermeasures against these problems. One way to deal with marine life is to inject chemicals that are harmful to living things, such as chlorine, into the cooling water during operation, which kills the main creature and washes it away, but this also has an effect on the living things around it. Recently, there has been a trend towards bans in order to eliminate environmental destruction. The next idea was to inject balls into the cooling water during operation, and use the pressure of the cooling water to cause the balls to flow through the cooling pipes, thereby removing the female organisms that had adhered to the inner surface. be. However, with this method, the degree of contamination cannot be known, so the timing of application is difficult, and on the other hand, it is difficult to equalize when the ball is placed on the water flow of the water guide, and it is not always possible to clean all the cooling pipes. The reality is that there is no guarantee that this will happen, and that it is impossible to even confirm the situation.

On the other hand, by reversing the flow of cooling water during operation,
There is a method to remove attached marine organisms, especially those attached to the cooling pipe inlet, by applying a force in the opposite direction.

However, even with this method, there is no way to actually know the degree of adhesion at the inlet of the cooling pipe, and there are problems such as the vacuum level inside the condenser temporarily decreasing when switching the flow, so it is not widely used. It is impossible to carry out the test with confidence unless it is carried out regularly at a certain number of times.

Currently, we are trying to compensate for the above-mentioned shortcomings by combining these methods with periodic inspections by shutting down the power plant, and cleaning the affected areas when abnormalities are discovered. However, there are many problems such as not being able to choose the right time to carry out these periodic inspections, resulting in missed opportunities. For example, in the summer, marine life tends to be more active, so it would be ideal if periodic inspections coincided with this period, but this is not often done at this time of year when electricity demand is concentrated.

Afterwards, during inspection (2), it may be discovered that a large amount of marine organisms have grown at the entrance of the cooling pipe and are completely bound together with foreign objects.

On the other hand, the current method that relies on periodic inspections does not take appropriate measures to deal with sudden accidents such as a cooling pipe getting stuck in the cooling pipe due to stones, etc., or even scratches on the end of the pipe. It is not uncommon for countermeasures to be delayed, such as only learning of an accident after a seawater leak is detected.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to monitor the condition of the cooling pipe inlet, etc. without stopping the power generation plant, and activate a pre-installed cleaning device at an appropriate time to prevent seawater leakage accidents. Its purpose is to provide condensers.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a condenser water chamber with a pair of observation windows and a lighting window corresponding to cooling pipes installed above the tube plate and cooling pipes installed below the tube plate. It is set up as follows.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes the main body of the condenser, and an inlet water chamber 2 and an outlet water chamber 3 are provided on both sides of the main body 1.

These water chambers 2.3 are communicated with each other by a large number of cooling pipes 5 supported at both ends by a tube plate 4C. On the other hand, a cooling water inlet pipe 6 and a cooling water outlet pipe 7 connected to both water chambers 2 and 3 are connected to a sea area 8 near where the power generation plant is located via a water intake pipe 9 and a water discharge pipe 1o, and are taken from the sea area 8. Water pipe 9. Inlet water chamber 2. Cooling pipe 5. Outlet water chamber 3. A circulation route is configured that returns to the sea area 8 via the water discharge pipe 10.

Further, the inlet water chamber 2 located in the center of this circulation path becomes the first stagnation area of the cooling water. Therefore, in order to be able to observe the flow of cooling water in this part, observation windows are placed at positions corresponding to cooling pipes 5 installed above the tube plate 4 and cooling pipes 5 installed below the same tube plate 4. 11 and a lighting window 12 are provided. To explain the relationship between the observation window 11 and the lighting window 12 in more detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the observation windows 11 are considered to be a pair, and when one is used for observation, the other is used for observation. Used for daylighting. Similarly, the lighting windows 12 are considered to be a pair, and when one is for lighting, the other is for observation. In short, observation window 11 and lighting window 1
2 and 2 for convenience of explanation, but they are substantially the same.

In addition, the code|symbol 13 has shown the circulating water pump.

Next, the operation of the present invention based on the above-described configuration will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 showing the main parts thereof.

The cooling water pressurized by the circulating water pump 13 enters the inlet water chamber 2 via the water intake pipe 9 and the cooling water inlet pipe 6, and then heads to the cooling pipe 5. If we were to draw the streamlines of the cooling water at this time, they would be divided into areas where the flow is extremely fast (A) and areas where the flow is relatively slow (scent), as shown in Figure 3. Board 4
A cooling pipe 5 installed at the top of the cooling pipe 5.A large amount of cooling water, that is, seawater, is carried near the entrance of the cooling pipe 5, and at this time, marine organisms and foreign objects carried by the seawater are concentrated in the cooling pipe near this area. Collision with 5. Large marine organisms and foreign objects get caught at the inlet of the cooling pipe 5, or become unable to flow once they enter the inlet, and the upper cooling pipe 5 becomes blocked. On the other hand, if a hard foreign object is mixed in, the vicinity of the entrance of the cooling pipe 5 will be damaged by this foreign object. 11 and check for abnormalities from time to time.If an abnormality is found, activate the attached cleaning equipment, and if it still cannot be removed, choose a suitable time to stop operation. Then, the cooling pipe 5 is blocked by cleaning (some of the water appliances are operated so as to reduce the effect on the output), and the cooling pipe 5 is closed.

In addition, if an abnormality is found in the cooling pipe 5 installed at the bottom of the tube plate 4 where the streamline B reaches, even if it is not often in the above case, when observed through the observation window 11, this also occurs. Take appropriate action as described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in the present invention, the condenser water chamber is provided with a pair of observation windows and a lighting window, so that various marine organisms and foreign matter are transported in the condenser cooling pipe. This has the excellent effect of detecting problems at an early stage when they have the least impact and allowing effective countermeasures to be taken.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a condenser according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of an observation window and a lighting window, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of an observation window and a lighting window. It is an explanatory diagram showing the main part and streamlines of seawater. 1... Main body body 2... Inlet water chamber 3... Outlet water chamber 4... Tube plate 5... Cooling pipe 9... Water intake pipe 10... Water discharge pipe 11... Observation window 12... Daylight window agent Patent attorney Noriyuki Chika (and 1 other person) Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pair of observation windows and a lighting window are provided in the condenser water chamber so as to correspond to the cooling pipes installed above the tube plate and the cooling pipes installed below the tube plate. condenser.