JPS6120299B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6120299B2
JPS6120299B2 JP52122037A JP12203777A JPS6120299B2 JP S6120299 B2 JPS6120299 B2 JP S6120299B2 JP 52122037 A JP52122037 A JP 52122037A JP 12203777 A JP12203777 A JP 12203777A JP S6120299 B2 JPS6120299 B2 JP S6120299B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ray
rays
subject
fan
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP52122037A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5455193A (en
Inventor
Eiji Watanabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jeol Ltd
Original Assignee
Nihon Denshi KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nihon Denshi KK filed Critical Nihon Denshi KK
Priority to JP12203777A priority Critical patent/JPS5455193A/en
Publication of JPS5455193A publication Critical patent/JPS5455193A/en
Publication of JPS6120299B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6120299B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/032Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4064Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis specially adapted for producing a particular type of beam
    • A61B6/4078Fan-beams
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4291Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis the detector being combined with a grid or grating

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は被写体の透過X線像を得るためのX線
撮像装置に関し、特に被写体の断層像を取得する
装置に使用して最適なX線撮像装置に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging device for obtaining a transmitted X-ray image of a subject, and more particularly to an X-ray imaging device that is most suitable for use in an apparatus for obtaining a tomographic image of a subject.

近年、画期的な医用診断装置として被写体の任
意切面のX線断層像を得ることのできる装置が開
発され、注目されている。この装置においては例
えば一定方向に拡がりを有する扇状X線を発生す
るX線管と多数のX線検出素子より成るX線検出
器とを被写体を中心にして回転させ、各X線照射
角度における検出データを演算処理することによ
り断層像を得るようにしている。このような装置
にあつて被写体を載置した台を扇状X線の拡がり
の方向と略垂直な方向に移動させ、その間、パル
ス的に扇状X線を被写体に照射し、その結果各X
線検出素子より得られた信号に基づいて被写体所
望部分の透過X線像を得ることが試みられてい
る。この透過X線像の分解能は各X線検出素子の
受光面の大きさによつて制限されるが、一般に断
層像を得る装置にあつては各X線検出素子の大き
さは扇状X線の拡がりの方向に対しては2〜5mm
巾、該拡がりの方向に対して垂直な方向には約10
mm巾の比較的大きな多数のX線検出素子を用いて
いるため、必然的に分解能の悪い像しか得ること
ができない。
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a device capable of obtaining an X-ray tomographic image of an arbitrary cross section of a subject has been developed as an innovative medical diagnostic device, and is attracting attention. In this device, for example, an X-ray tube that generates fan-shaped X-rays that spread in a certain direction and an X-ray detector consisting of a large number of X-ray detection elements are rotated around the subject, and detection is performed at each X-ray irradiation angle. A tomographic image is obtained by processing the data. In such a device, the table on which the subject is placed is moved in a direction approximately perpendicular to the direction of spread of the fan-shaped X-rays, during which time the subject is irradiated with fan-shaped X-rays in pulses, and as a result, each X-ray
Attempts have been made to obtain a transmitted X-ray image of a desired portion of a subject based on signals obtained from a ray detection element. The resolution of this transmitted X-ray image is limited by the size of the light-receiving surface of each X-ray detection element, but generally in devices that obtain tomographic images, the size of each X-ray detection element is 2 to 5 mm in the direction of expansion
width, about 10 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of expansion.
Since a large number of relatively large X-ray detection elements with a width of mm are used, it is inevitable that only images with poor resolution can be obtained.

本発明は上述した点に鑑みてなされたものであ
り、本発明の一実施例においてはX線検出器の前
面に各X線検出素子の受光面の大きさよりも小さ
な開口を有したスリツト手段を取り外し可能に設
け透過X線像を得る際に該スリツト手段を該X線
検出器の前面に挿入し、高い分解能の透過X線像
を得ることができるX線撮像装置を提供する。
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in one embodiment of the present invention, a slit means having an opening smaller than the size of the light receiving surface of each X-ray detection element is provided on the front surface of the X-ray detector. To provide an X-ray imaging device which is removably provided and is capable of obtaining a high-resolution transmission X-ray image by inserting the slit means into the front surface of the X-ray detector when obtaining a transmission X-ray image.

以下添付図面に基づき本発明の一実施例を詳説
する。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings.

第1図において被写体1はベツド2に載置され
ており、該ベツド2は支持台3上を駆動機構4に
より一定方向に移動可能にされている。
In FIG. 1, a subject 1 is placed on a bed 2, and the bed 2 is movable in a fixed direction on a support base 3 by a drive mechanism 4. As shown in FIG.

該支持台3の一端部近傍には、X線管5および
X線検出器6が設けられているが該X線管5とX
線検出器6とは回転機構7によつて各々が回転可
能に枠体8に取り付けられている。該X線管5は
電子計算機9からの指令により、一定方向、例え
ば、該ベツド2の移動方向に対して垂直な方向に
拡がりを有する扇状X線をパルス的に発生し得る
ように構成されており、該X線検出器6は第2図
に示すように該扇状X線の拡がりの方向に並べら
れた多数のX線検出素子D1,D2,D3………Dnよ
り成つている。該X線検出器6の前面には取り外
し可能に銅あるいはタンタル等のX線吸収物質で
形成された第2図に示す如くスリツト板11が備
えられており、該スリツト板11は例えばX線検
出器6の端部にヒンジによつて取り付けられてお
り電子計算機9の指令により、スリツト板移動機
構12により自動的にX線検出器6の前面に挿入
乃至は前面より取り外される。更に該スリツト板
11には各X線検出素子に対応して小開口0
,0………Onが設けられているが、該小
開口は例えば各辺が1〜2mm程度の長さにされて
おり、各X線検出素子の受光面に比し小さく形成
されている。該X線管5より発生し被写体1を透
過したX線は該多数のX線検出素子によつて検出
されるが、この検出信号は前記電子計算機9内の
記憶装置に扇状X線の被写体に対する照射角度と
共に記憶される。該電子計算機9は記憶されたデ
ータに基づいて被写体任意切面の各部分のX線吸
収量を求め表示装置10にX線断層像を表示す
る。
An X-ray tube 5 and an X-ray detector 6 are provided near one end of the support base 3.
The line detectors 6 are each rotatably attached to a frame 8 by a rotation mechanism 7. The X-ray tube 5 is configured to be able to generate pulsed fan-shaped X-rays that spread in a certain direction, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bed 2, in response to instructions from a computer 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the X-ray detector 6 is made up of a large number of X-ray detection elements D 1 , D 2 , D 3 . . . Dn arranged in the direction of spread of the fan-shaped X-rays. . The front surface of the X-ray detector 6 is removably provided with a slit plate 11 made of an X-ray absorbing material such as copper or tantalum, as shown in FIG. The slit plate is attached to the end of the X-ray detector 6 by a hinge, and is automatically inserted into or removed from the front surface of the X-ray detector 6 by a slit plate moving mechanism 12 according to a command from a computer 9. Furthermore, the slit plate 11 has small openings 0 1 , corresponding to each X-ray detection element.
0 2 , 0 3 . ing. The X-rays generated from the X-ray tube 5 and transmitted through the object 1 are detected by the multiple X-ray detection elements, and this detection signal is stored in the storage device in the computer 9 as a function of the fan-shaped X-rays for the object. It is stored together with the irradiation angle. The computer 9 calculates the X-ray absorption amount of each part of an arbitrary cross section of the subject based on the stored data, and displays the X-ray tomographic image on the display device 10.

上述した構成において被写体の断層像を得る場
合は被写体1の所望部分にX線が照射されるよう
駆動機構4によつてベツド2の位置が制御された
後X線管5より扇状X線が被写体1に照射され
る。該X線管5とX線検出器6とは回転機構7に
よつて所定角度回転させられ、その間X線管5か
らは一定照射角度毎に扇状X線がパルス的に被写
体1に照射される。この時、スリツト板11はX
線検出器6の前面から取り外されており該被写体
1を透過したX線は多数のX線検出素子によつて
検出され、電子計算機9においては各X線照射角
度毎に得られた多数の検出信号に基づいて被写体
断面の各微小部分のX線透過量(吸収量)が求め
られ、断層像として表示装置10に表示される。
When obtaining a tomographic image of a subject with the above-described configuration, the position of the bed 2 is controlled by the drive mechanism 4 so that a desired part of the subject 1 is irradiated with X-rays, and then fan-shaped X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube 5 onto the subject. 1. The X-ray tube 5 and the X-ray detector 6 are rotated by a predetermined angle by a rotation mechanism 7, and during this time, fan-shaped X-rays are irradiated onto the subject 1 in pulses from the X-ray tube 5 at every fixed irradiation angle. . At this time, the slit plate 11 is
The X-rays that have been removed from the front of the ray detector 6 and transmitted through the subject 1 are detected by a large number of X-ray detection elements, and the computer 9 detects a large number of detections obtained for each X-ray irradiation angle. Based on the signals, the amount of X-ray transmission (absorption amount) of each minute portion of the cross section of the object is determined and displayed on the display device 10 as a tomographic image.

こゝで被写体1の透過X線像を得る場合、ベツ
ド2を一定方向に移動させ、その間扇状X線が被
写体1にパルス的に照射されるが、この際X線検
出器6の前面には電子計算機9からの指令により
スリツト板移動機構12によつてスリツト板11
が挿入されている。該被写体1を透過したX線は
スリツト板11の微小開口0,0,0……
…0nを通り各X線検出素子D1,D2,D3………
Dnによつて検出されるが該検出された信号はベ
ツド2の位置すなわち被写体1のX線照射部分の
位置情報と共に電子計算機9内の記憶装置に記憶
される。該ベツド2の移動による被写体1の所望
範囲へのX線照射が終了した後、電子計算機9に
記憶されたデータに基づき、被写体1の所望部分
の透過X線像が表示装置10に表示される。
When obtaining a transmitted X-ray image of the subject 1, the bed 2 is moved in a fixed direction, and the subject 1 is irradiated with fan-shaped X-rays in a pulsed manner. The slit plate 11 is moved by the slit plate moving mechanism 12 according to a command from the computer 9.
has been inserted. The X-rays transmitted through the subject 1 pass through the minute apertures 0 1 , 0 2 , 0 3 . . . of the slit plate 11 .
...0n and each X-ray detection element D 1 , D 2 , D 3 ......
The detected signal is stored in a storage device in the computer 9 together with the position information of the bed 2, that is, the position of the X-ray irradiated portion of the subject 1. After the X-ray irradiation of the desired area of the subject 1 by the movement of the bed 2 is completed, a transmitted X-ray image of the desired part of the subject 1 is displayed on the display device 10 based on the data stored in the computer 9. .

このように上述した実施例においては、透過X
線像を得る際にX線検出器の前面に小開口を有し
たスリツト板を挿入するようにしているため、得
られるX線像の分解能は該小開口の大きさによつ
て決められ、比較的大きなX線検出素子を使用し
ているにもかゝわらず、高分解能の透過X線像を
得ることができる。
Thus, in the embodiment described above, the transmission
When obtaining a ray image, a slit plate with a small aperture is inserted into the front of the X-ray detector, so the resolution of the obtained X-ray image is determined by the size of the small aperture, making it difficult to compare. Although a relatively large X-ray detection element is used, a high-resolution transmitted X-ray image can be obtained.

上述した実施例では小開口を有したスリツト板
を挿入するようにしているため高分解能の透過X
線像を得ることができるが、隣り合つた小開口の
間に入射するX線は検出されず、像形成に寄与し
ないため、精密なX線像を得ることはできない。
本発明の他の実施例では小開口を有したスリツト
板が扇状X線の拡がりの方向に移動し得るように
構成されており、該スリツト板を移動させること
により同一のX線検出素子により異つたX線が異
つた時刻に検出されるため、精密な透過X線像を
得ることができる。第3図はこのような実施例に
おけるX線検出素子とスリツト板に設けられた小
開口との関係を示している。まず各X線検出素子
Di,Dj,Dkには小開口Oi,Oj,Okを通つたX
線が夫々入射し検出される。検出された各信号は
被写体の位置および小開口の位置の信号と共に電
子計算機に記憶される。次に各小開口はOi′,
Oj′,Ok′の位置に移動され各検出素子は各小開
口Oi′,Oj′,Ok′を通つたX線を検出するが、こ
の検出された信号は被写体の位置および小開口の
位置の信号と共に電子計算機に記憶される。
In the embodiment described above, a slit plate with a small opening is inserted, so that high-resolution transmission
Although a ray image can be obtained, a precise X-ray image cannot be obtained because X-rays incident between adjacent small apertures are not detected and do not contribute to image formation.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a slit plate having a small opening is configured to be movable in the direction of the spread of fan-shaped X-rays, and by moving the slit plate, the same X-ray detection element can be detected differently. Since the transmitted X-rays are detected at different times, a precise transmitted X-ray image can be obtained. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the X-ray detection element and the small opening provided in the slit plate in such an embodiment. First, each X-ray detection element
Di, Dj, Dk have X through small openings Oi, Oj, Ok
Each line is incident and detected. Each detected signal is stored in an electronic computer together with signals of the position of the subject and the position of the small aperture. Next, each small opening is Oi′,
Each detection element detects the X-rays that have passed through each small aperture Oi′, Oj′, Ok′, but the detected signals are based on the position of the subject and the position of the small aperture. It is stored in an electronic computer along with the signal.

このように上述した実施例においては、被写体
が実質的に静止しているとみなされる短い時間内
に小開口の位置を変化させるようにしているため
第1の実施例と比べ少くとも倍のデータを得るこ
とができ、高分解能で且つ精密な透過X線像を得
ることができる。
As described above, in the embodiment described above, since the position of the small aperture is changed within a short period of time in which the subject is considered to be substantially stationary, at least twice as much data as in the first embodiment is required. It is possible to obtain a high-resolution and precise transmission X-ray image.

以上本発明を詳述したが、本発明は上述した各
実施例に限定されることなく幾多の変形が可能で
ある。例えば、X線検出素子の受光面を制限する
ための制御手段として必ずしも小開口を有したス
リツト板を用いる必要はなく、実質的に受光面積
が狭くなればどのような制限手段であつても良
い。
Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified in many ways. For example, it is not necessary to use a slit plate with a small opening as a control means for restricting the light-receiving surface of the X-ray detection element, and any restriction means may be used as long as the light-receiving area is substantially narrowed. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図および第2図は本発明の一実施例を示す
図、第3図は本発明の他の実施例におけるX線検
出素子とスリツト板の小開口との関係を示す図で
ある。 1……被写体、2……ベツド、3……支持台、
4……移動機構、5……X線管、6……X線検出
器、7……回転機構、8……枠体、9……電子計
算機、10……表示装置、11……スリツト板、
12……スリツト板移動機構。
1 and 2 are views showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a view showing the relationship between the X-ray detection element and the small opening of the slit plate in another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Subject, 2...Bed, 3...Support stand,
4... Moving mechanism, 5... X-ray tube, 6... X-ray detector, 7... Rotating mechanism, 8... Frame, 9... Computer, 10... Display device, 11... Slit plate ,
12...Slit plate moving mechanism.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 一定方向に拡がりを有する扇状X線あるいは
実質的に扇状となるX線を発生するX線発生手
段、該X線発生手段から発生し被写体を透過した
X線を検出するための複数のX線検出素子より成
るX線検出器、該X線発生手段とX線検出器とを
被写体の周囲に回転させるための手段とを備え、
該X線検出素子より得られた信号に基づいて該被
写体の任意切面の断層像を得るようにした装置に
おいて、該被写体を扇状X線の拡がりの方向と略
垂直な方向に移動させるための手段と、該各X線
検出素子のX線受光面積を制限するための制限手
段とを設け、被写体の透過X線像を撮像するに際
し、該制限手段によりX線検出素子の受光面積を
狭くするようにしたことを特徴とするX線撮像装
置。
1. X-ray generating means that generates fan-shaped X-rays that spread in a certain direction or X-rays that are substantially fan-shaped, and a plurality of X-rays that are used to detect the X-rays that are generated from the X-ray generating means and transmitted through the subject. An X-ray detector comprising a detection element, a means for rotating the X-ray generating means and the X-ray detector around a subject,
In an apparatus configured to obtain a tomographic image of an arbitrary cross section of the object based on a signal obtained from the X-ray detection element, means for moving the object in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the fan-shaped X-rays spread. and a limiting means for limiting the X-ray receiving area of each of the X-ray detecting elements, so that when capturing a transmitted X-ray image of a subject, the limiting means narrows the light receiving area of the X-ray detecting element. An X-ray imaging device characterized by:
JP12203777A 1977-10-12 1977-10-12 X-ray image pickup apparatus Granted JPS5455193A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12203777A JPS5455193A (en) 1977-10-12 1977-10-12 X-ray image pickup apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12203777A JPS5455193A (en) 1977-10-12 1977-10-12 X-ray image pickup apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5455193A JPS5455193A (en) 1979-05-02
JPS6120299B2 true JPS6120299B2 (en) 1986-05-21

Family

ID=14826025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12203777A Granted JPS5455193A (en) 1977-10-12 1977-10-12 X-ray image pickup apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5455193A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3104052A1 (en) * 1981-02-06 1982-08-19 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg "X-RAY EXAMINATION ARRANGEMENT WITH HIGH LOCAL RESOLUTION"
JPS57195444A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-12-01 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co X-ray photographing apparatus
US4767928A (en) * 1984-06-25 1988-08-30 Nelson Robert S High resolution breast imaging device utilizing non-ionizing radiation of narrow spectral bandwidth
JP2003102714A (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-04-08 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc X-ray ct system, gantry device, operation console and processing method therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5455193A (en) 1979-05-02

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