JPS6120299B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6120299B2 JPS6120299B2 JP52122037A JP12203777A JPS6120299B2 JP S6120299 B2 JPS6120299 B2 JP S6120299B2 JP 52122037 A JP52122037 A JP 52122037A JP 12203777 A JP12203777 A JP 12203777A JP S6120299 B2 JPS6120299 B2 JP S6120299B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ray
- rays
- subject
- fan
- shaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4064—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis specially adapted for producing a particular type of beam
- A61B6/4078—Fan-beams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4291—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis the detector being combined with a grid or grating
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は被写体の透過Ｘ線像を得るためのＸ線
撮像装置に関し、特に被写体の断層像を取得する
装置に使用して最適なＸ線撮像装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging device for obtaining a transmitted X-ray image of a subject, and more particularly to an X-ray imaging device that is most suitable for use in an apparatus for obtaining a tomographic image of a subject.
近年、画期的な医用診断装置として被写体の任
意切面のＸ線断層像を得ることのできる装置が開
発され、注目されている。この装置においては例
えば一定方向に拡がりを有する扇状Ｘ線を発生す
るＸ線管と多数のＸ線検出素子より成るＸ線検出
器とを被写体を中心にして回転させ、各Ｘ線照射
角度における検出データを演算処理することによ
り断層像を得るようにしている。このような装置
にあつて被写体を載置した台を扇状Ｘ線の拡がり
の方向と略垂直な方向に移動させ、その間、パル
ス的に扇状Ｘ線を被写体に照射し、その結果各Ｘ
線検出素子より得られた信号に基づいて被写体所
望部分の透過Ｘ線像を得ることが試みられてい
る。この透過Ｘ線像の分解能は各Ｘ線検出素子の
受光面の大きさによつて制限されるが、一般に断
層像を得る装置にあつては各Ｘ線検出素子の大き
さは扇状Ｘ線の拡がりの方向に対しては２〜５mm
巾、該拡がりの方向に対して垂直な方向には約10
mm巾の比較的大きな多数のＸ線検出素子を用いて
いるため、必然的に分解能の悪い像しか得ること
ができない。 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a device capable of obtaining an X-ray tomographic image of an arbitrary cross section of a subject has been developed as an innovative medical diagnostic device, and is attracting attention. In this device, for example, an X-ray tube that generates fan-shaped X-rays that spread in a certain direction and an X-ray detector consisting of a large number of X-ray detection elements are rotated around the subject, and detection is performed at each X-ray irradiation angle. A tomographic image is obtained by processing the data. In such a device, the table on which the subject is placed is moved in a direction approximately perpendicular to the direction of spread of the fan-shaped X-rays, during which time the subject is irradiated with fan-shaped X-rays in pulses, and as a result, each X-ray
Attempts have been made to obtain a transmitted X-ray image of a desired portion of a subject based on signals obtained from a ray detection element. The resolution of this transmitted X-ray image is limited by the size of the light-receiving surface of each X-ray detection element, but generally in devices that obtain tomographic images, the size of each X-ray detection element is 2 to 5 mm in the direction of expansion
width, about 10 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of expansion.
Since a large number of relatively large X-ray detection elements with a width of mm are used, it is inevitable that only images with poor resolution can be obtained.
本発明は上述した点に鑑みてなされたものであ
り、本発明の一実施例においてはＸ線検出器の前
面に各Ｘ線検出素子の受光面の大きさよりも小さ
な開口を有したスリツト手段を取り外し可能に設
け透過Ｘ線像を得る際に該スリツト手段を該Ｘ線
検出器の前面に挿入し、高い分解能の透過Ｘ線像
を得ることができるＸ線撮像装置を提供する。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in one embodiment of the present invention, a slit means having an opening smaller than the size of the light receiving surface of each X-ray detection element is provided on the front surface of the X-ray detector. To provide an X-ray imaging device which is removably provided and is capable of obtaining a high-resolution transmission X-ray image by inserting the slit means into the front surface of the X-ray detector when obtaining a transmission X-ray image.
以下添付図面に基づき本発明の一実施例を詳説
する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings.
第１図において被写体１はベツド２に載置され
ており、該ベツド２は支持台３上を駆動機構４に
より一定方向に移動可能にされている。 In FIG. 1, a subject 1 is placed on a bed 2, and the bed 2 is movable in a fixed direction on a support base 3 by a drive mechanism 4. As shown in FIG.
該支持台３の一端部近傍には、Ｘ線管５および
Ｘ線検出器６が設けられているが該Ｘ線管５とＸ
線検出器６とは回転機構７によつて各々が回転可
能に枠体８に取り付けられている。該Ｘ線管５は
電子計算機９からの指令により、一定方向、例え
ば、該ベツド２の移動方向に対して垂直な方向に
拡がりを有する扇状Ｘ線をパルス的に発生し得る
ように構成されており、該Ｘ線検出器６は第２図
に示すように該扇状Ｘ線の拡がりの方向に並べら
れた多数のＸ線検出素子D1，D2，D3………Dnよ
り成つている。該Ｘ線検出器６の前面には取り外
し可能に銅あるいはタンタル等のＸ線吸収物質で
形成された第２図に示す如くスリツト板１１が備
えられており、該スリツト板１１は例えばＸ線検
出器６の端部にヒンジによつて取り付けられてお
り電子計算機９の指令により、スリツト板移動機
構１２により自動的にＸ線検出器６の前面に挿入
乃至は前面より取り外される。更に該スリツト板
１１には各Ｘ線検出素子に対応して小開口０１，
０２，０３………Onが設けられているが、該小
開口は例えば各辺が１〜２mm程度の長さにされて
おり、各Ｘ線検出素子の受光面に比し小さく形成
されている。該Ｘ線管５より発生し被写体１を透
過したＸ線は該多数のＸ線検出素子によつて検出
されるが、この検出信号は前記電子計算機９内の
記憶装置に扇状Ｘ線の被写体に対する照射角度と
共に記憶される。該電子計算機９は記憶されたデ
ータに基づいて被写体任意切面の各部分のＸ線吸
収量を求め表示装置１０にＸ線断層像を表示す
る。 An X-ray tube 5 and an X-ray detector 6 are provided near one end of the support base 3.
The line detectors 6 are each rotatably attached to a frame 8 by a rotation mechanism 7. The X-ray tube 5 is configured to be able to generate pulsed fan-shaped X-rays that spread in a certain direction, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bed 2, in response to instructions from a computer 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the X-ray detector 6 is made up of a large number of X-ray detection elements D 1 , D 2 , D 3 . . . Dn arranged in the direction of spread of the fan-shaped X-rays. . The front surface of the X-ray detector 6 is removably provided with a slit plate 11 made of an X-ray absorbing material such as copper or tantalum, as shown in FIG. The slit plate is attached to the end of the X-ray detector 6 by a hinge, and is automatically inserted into or removed from the front surface of the X-ray detector 6 by a slit plate moving mechanism 12 according to a command from a computer 9. Furthermore, the slit plate 11 has small openings 0 1 , corresponding to each X-ray detection element.
0 2 , 0 3 . ing. The X-rays generated from the X-ray tube 5 and transmitted through the object 1 are detected by the multiple X-ray detection elements, and this detection signal is stored in the storage device in the computer 9 as a function of the fan-shaped X-rays for the object. It is stored together with the irradiation angle. The computer 9 calculates the X-ray absorption amount of each part of an arbitrary cross section of the subject based on the stored data, and displays the X-ray tomographic image on the display device 10.
上述した構成において被写体の断層像を得る場
合は被写体１の所望部分にＸ線が照射されるよう
駆動機構４によつてベツド２の位置が制御された
後Ｘ線管５より扇状Ｘ線が被写体１に照射され
る。該Ｘ線管５とＸ線検出器６とは回転機構７に
よつて所定角度回転させられ、その間Ｘ線管５か
らは一定照射角度毎に扇状Ｘ線がパルス的に被写
体１に照射される。この時、スリツト板１１はＸ
線検出器６の前面から取り外されており該被写体
１を透過したＸ線は多数のＸ線検出素子によつて
検出され、電子計算機９においては各Ｘ線照射角
度毎に得られた多数の検出信号に基づいて被写体
断面の各微小部分のＸ線透過量（吸収量）が求め
られ、断層像として表示装置１０に表示される。 When obtaining a tomographic image of a subject with the above-described configuration, the position of the bed 2 is controlled by the drive mechanism 4 so that a desired part of the subject 1 is irradiated with X-rays, and then fan-shaped X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube 5 onto the subject. 1. The X-ray tube 5 and the X-ray detector 6 are rotated by a predetermined angle by a rotation mechanism 7, and during this time, fan-shaped X-rays are irradiated onto the subject 1 in pulses from the X-ray tube 5 at every fixed irradiation angle. . At this time, the slit plate 11 is
The X-rays that have been removed from the front of the ray detector 6 and transmitted through the subject 1 are detected by a large number of X-ray detection elements, and the computer 9 detects a large number of detections obtained for each X-ray irradiation angle. Based on the signals, the amount of X-ray transmission (absorption amount) of each minute portion of the cross section of the object is determined and displayed on the display device 10 as a tomographic image.
こゝで被写体１の透過Ｘ線像を得る場合、ベツ
ド２を一定方向に移動させ、その間扇状Ｘ線が被
写体１にパルス的に照射されるが、この際Ｘ線検
出器６の前面には電子計算機９からの指令により
スリツト板移動機構１２によつてスリツト板１１
が挿入されている。該被写体１を透過したＸ線は
スリツト板１１の微小開口０１，０２，０３……
…０ｎを通り各Ｘ線検出素子D1，D2，D3………
Dnによつて検出されるが該検出された信号はベ
ツド２の位置すなわち被写体１のＸ線照射部分の
位置情報と共に電子計算機９内の記憶装置に記憶
される。該ベツド２の移動による被写体１の所望
範囲へのＸ線照射が終了した後、電子計算機９に
記憶されたデータに基づき、被写体１の所望部分
の透過Ｘ線像が表示装置１０に表示される。 When obtaining a transmitted X-ray image of the subject 1, the bed 2 is moved in a fixed direction, and the subject 1 is irradiated with fan-shaped X-rays in a pulsed manner. The slit plate 11 is moved by the slit plate moving mechanism 12 according to a command from the computer 9.
has been inserted. The X-rays transmitted through the subject 1 pass through the minute apertures 0 1 , 0 2 , 0 3 . . . of the slit plate 11 .
...0n and each X-ray detection element D 1 , D 2 , D 3 ......
The detected signal is stored in a storage device in the computer 9 together with the position information of the bed 2, that is, the position of the X-ray irradiated portion of the subject 1. After the X-ray irradiation of the desired area of the subject 1 by the movement of the bed 2 is completed, a transmitted X-ray image of the desired part of the subject 1 is displayed on the display device 10 based on the data stored in the computer 9. .
このように上述した実施例においては、透過Ｘ
線像を得る際にＸ線検出器の前面に小開口を有し
たスリツト板を挿入するようにしているため、得
られるＸ線像の分解能は該小開口の大きさによつ
て決められ、比較的大きなＸ線検出素子を使用し
ているにもかゝわらず、高分解能の透過Ｘ線像を
得ることができる。 Thus, in the embodiment described above, the transmission
When obtaining a ray image, a slit plate with a small aperture is inserted into the front of the X-ray detector, so the resolution of the obtained X-ray image is determined by the size of the small aperture, making it difficult to compare. Although a relatively large X-ray detection element is used, a high-resolution transmitted X-ray image can be obtained.
上述した実施例では小開口を有したスリツト板
を挿入するようにしているため高分解能の透過Ｘ
線像を得ることができるが、隣り合つた小開口の
間に入射するＸ線は検出されず、像形成に寄与し
ないため、精密なＸ線像を得ることはできない。
本発明の他の実施例では小開口を有したスリツト
板が扇状Ｘ線の拡がりの方向に移動し得るように
構成されており、該スリツト板を移動させること
により同一のＸ線検出素子により異つたＸ線が異
つた時刻に検出されるため、精密な透過Ｘ線像を
得ることができる。第３図はこのような実施例に
おけるＸ線検出素子とスリツト板に設けられた小
開口との関係を示している。まず各Ｘ線検出素子
Di，Dj，Dkには小開口Oi，Oj，Okを通つたＸ
線が夫々入射し検出される。検出された各信号は
被写体の位置および小開口の位置の信号と共に電
子計算機に記憶される。次に各小開口はOi′，
Oj′，Ok′の位置に移動され各検出素子は各小開
口Oi′，Oj′，Ok′を通つたＸ線を検出するが、こ
の検出された信号は被写体の位置および小開口の
位置の信号と共に電子計算機に記憶される。 In the embodiment described above, a slit plate with a small opening is inserted, so that high-resolution transmission
Although a ray image can be obtained, a precise X-ray image cannot be obtained because X-rays incident between adjacent small apertures are not detected and do not contribute to image formation.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a slit plate having a small opening is configured to be movable in the direction of the spread of fan-shaped X-rays, and by moving the slit plate, the same X-ray detection element can be detected differently. Since the transmitted X-rays are detected at different times, a precise transmitted X-ray image can be obtained. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the X-ray detection element and the small opening provided in the slit plate in such an embodiment. First, each X-ray detection element
Di, Dj, Dk have X through small openings Oi, Oj, Ok
Each line is incident and detected. Each detected signal is stored in an electronic computer together with signals of the position of the subject and the position of the small aperture. Next, each small opening is Oi′,
Each detection element detects the X-rays that have passed through each small aperture Oi′, Oj′, Ok′, but the detected signals are based on the position of the subject and the position of the small aperture. It is stored in an electronic computer along with the signal.
このように上述した実施例においては、被写体
が実質的に静止しているとみなされる短い時間内
に小開口の位置を変化させるようにしているため
第１の実施例と比べ少くとも倍のデータを得るこ
とができ、高分解能で且つ精密な透過Ｘ線像を得
ることができる。 As described above, in the embodiment described above, since the position of the small aperture is changed within a short period of time in which the subject is considered to be substantially stationary, at least twice as much data as in the first embodiment is required. It is possible to obtain a high-resolution and precise transmission X-ray image.
以上本発明を詳述したが、本発明は上述した各
実施例に限定されることなく幾多の変形が可能で
ある。例えば、Ｘ線検出素子の受光面を制限する
ための制御手段として必ずしも小開口を有したス
リツト板を用いる必要はなく、実質的に受光面積
が狭くなればどのような制限手段であつても良
い。 Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified in many ways. For example, it is not necessary to use a slit plate with a small opening as a control means for restricting the light-receiving surface of the X-ray detection element, and any restriction means may be used as long as the light-receiving area is substantially narrowed. .
第１図および第２図は本発明の一実施例を示す
図、第３図は本発明の他の実施例におけるＸ線検
出素子とスリツト板の小開口との関係を示す図で
ある。
１……被写体、２……ベツド、３……支持台、
４……移動機構、５……Ｘ線管、６……Ｘ線検出
器、７……回転機構、８……枠体、９……電子計
算機、１０……表示装置、１１……スリツト板、
１２……スリツト板移動機構。
1 and 2 are views showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a view showing the relationship between the X-ray detection element and the small opening of the slit plate in another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Subject, 2...Bed, 3...Support stand,
4... Moving mechanism, 5... X-ray tube, 6... X-ray detector, 7... Rotating mechanism, 8... Frame, 9... Computer, 10... Display device, 11... Slit plate ,
12...Slit plate moving mechanism.
Claims (1)
実質的に扇状となるＸ線を発生するＸ線発生手
段、該Ｘ線発生手段から発生し被写体を透過した
Ｘ線を検出するための複数のＸ線検出素子より成
るＸ線検出器、該Ｘ線発生手段とＸ線検出器とを
被写体の周囲に回転させるための手段とを備え、
該Ｘ線検出素子より得られた信号に基づいて該被
写体の任意切面の断層像を得るようにした装置に
おいて、該被写体を扇状Ｘ線の拡がりの方向と略
垂直な方向に移動させるための手段と、該各Ｘ線
検出素子のＸ線受光面積を制限するための制限手
段とを設け、被写体の透過Ｘ線像を撮像するに際
し、該制限手段によりＸ線検出素子の受光面積を
狭くするようにしたことを特徴とするＸ線撮像装
置。1. X-ray generating means that generates fan-shaped X-rays that spread in a certain direction or X-rays that are substantially fan-shaped, and a plurality of X-rays that are used to detect the X-rays that are generated from the X-ray generating means and transmitted through the subject. An X-ray detector comprising a detection element, a means for rotating the X-ray generating means and the X-ray detector around a subject,
In an apparatus configured to obtain a tomographic image of an arbitrary cross section of the object based on a signal obtained from the X-ray detection element, means for moving the object in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the fan-shaped X-rays spread. and a limiting means for limiting the X-ray receiving area of each of the X-ray detecting elements, so that when capturing a transmitted X-ray image of a subject, the limiting means narrows the light receiving area of the X-ray detecting element. An X-ray imaging device characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12203777A JPS5455193A (en) | 1977-10-12 | 1977-10-12 | X-ray image pickup apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12203777A JPS5455193A (en) | 1977-10-12 | 1977-10-12 | X-ray image pickup apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5455193A JPS5455193A (en) | 1979-05-02 |
| JPS6120299B2 true JPS6120299B2 (en) | 1986-05-21 |
Family
ID=14826025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12203777A Granted JPS5455193A (en) | 1977-10-12 | 1977-10-12 | X-ray image pickup apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5455193A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3104052A1 (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-08-19 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | "X-RAY EXAMINATION ARRANGEMENT WITH HIGH LOCAL RESOLUTION" |
| JPS57195444A (en) * | 1981-05-26 | 1982-12-01 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | X-ray photographing apparatus |
| US4767928A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1988-08-30 | Nelson Robert S | High resolution breast imaging device utilizing non-ionizing radiation of narrow spectral bandwidth |
| JP2003102714A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-08 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc | X-ray ct system, gantry device, operation console and processing method therefor |
-
1977
- 1977-10-12 JP JP12203777A patent/JPS5455193A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5455193A (en) | 1979-05-02 |
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