JPS61200902A - Herbicide - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a novel herbicide containing 9-methoxycamptothecin, etc., extracted from vegetables as active components, exhibiting excellent herbicidal effect to various weeds and free from phototoxicity to important crops such as corn, wheat, rice, soybean, cotton, etc. CONSTITUTION:The objective herbicide contains, as active component, 9- methoxycamptothecin of formula separated from Mappia foetida (a plant of Olacaceae family) and reported to have carcinostatic and antileukemic activities, or an extract containing 9-methoxycamptothecin extracted from a plant. The extraction of the above active component is carried out by conventional process for the extraction of natural component, e.g. by the extraction with an organic solvent such as methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, etc., following by concentration, etc. The herbicide is effective against broad-leaved weeds such as white-bird's- eye, smooth pigweed, green amaranth, etc., gramineous weeds such as barnyard grass, green foxtail, etc., cyperaceous weeds such as yellow-cyperus, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a novel herbicide (hereinafter referred to as Conventionally, typical natural organic compounds with herbicidal activity include antibiotics produced by actinomycetes and other microorganisms, and pheno-μ-based compounds involved in allophobia. compounds, acetylene compounds, fupon compounds and
As a result of searching for plant components that have herbicidal activity against weeds, the present inventors discovered that 9-methoxycamptothecin extracted from plants and 9-methoxycamptothecin extracted from plants] The inventors obtained the new knowledge that secin-containing extracts exhibit a significant herbicidal effect on various weeds, leading to the completion of the novel herbicide of the present invention.

9-methoxycamptothecin (9-M@thoxy-c
amptoth*ein), i.e., the compound with the formula
, ) was isolated from the plant T, Re Govtndaehari.
etc.) Phytoeh@mimtry11852
9 (1972) K Fo@t
It has been reported that it was isolated from lda
Although there have been reports of Phytoeh・mlmtry (see above), there have been no reports of herbicidal effects on weeds. The active ingredient of the herbicide of the present invention is 9-methoxycandetothecin or It is an extract containing 9-methoxycamptothecin, and its extraction method is a conventional natural product extraction method, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, methylene chloride, chloroform, n-hexane. The herbicide of the present invention, i.e., 9-methoxycandetothecin or an extract containing 9-methoxycandetothecin from a plant, to which methods such as extraction and concentration with organic solvents such as toluene and benzene can be applied - as an example. Mappla fo@tid of plants of the family Porobotaceae
Reference Example 1 (701 ethanol-to-aqueous extract (hereinafter referred to as extract A)) which can be obtained by the following extraction process from the leaves and stems of Mappia fo@tida, which was collected and naturally dried. The leaves and stems were crushed using a mixer and the 125F was crushed to 7
The extract obtained by immersion in 500 mjK of an aqueous ethanol solution and O filtration, which was left overnight at room temperature, was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 8.5 f of a brown viscous liquid extract (extractant).Reference Example 2 (n-butanol extract (hereinafter referred to as extract B)) Extract A6.40P obtained in Reference Example 1 was mixed with n-butanol/
After partitioning with water, n-butano-1v1fI was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain a brown powder (extract B>2.152). Reference Example 3 [Ethanol extract (hereinafter referred to as extract C)]
)] Extract B 2.1 Of obtained in Reference Example 2 was dissolved in ethanol, insoluble matter was removed by filtration, and the ethanol-soluble portion was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain a yellowish brown powder (extract C) 0
．． 95F was obtained. Reference Example 4 [Chloroform extract (hereinafter referred to as extract)] The extract CO, 9f obtained in Reference Example 8 was dissolved in chloroform, and insoluble matter was removed by filtration. The soluble portion was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a yellowish brown viscous liquid (extract D) 0.5F. Reference Example 5 (Isolation of 9-methquincambutocin) Extract D obtained in Reference Example 4 0.28F was dissolved in a small amount of chloroform, and a silicage μ thin layer plate (thickness: 0.5 mm, 20
20es, Merek Ki*s+e1go16
0 F254) Place on 6 sheets, chloroform:cha ≠;
=0.42 was scraped off, eluted with ethyl acetate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield a yellow powder of 9-methquincamptothecin 0.42.
18 t was obtained O Melting point: 254-256℃ [Literature g
: Phytohemistryll 8529 (1
972), melting point 1258-b The herbicide of the present invention can be used to treat various weeds that are problematic in foliage treatment and soil treatment in fields, such as sopaca spp. , Ichibi,
American Golden Deer, Field Pansy, Nobu Carrot, Yaemugura, American Morning Glory, Japanese Morning Glory,
3. Broad-leaved weeds such as Uhi μgao, Heodorikosou, Hotokenoza, Yoshuchi7.
The herbicide of the present invention has a herbicidal effect on weeds of the grass family, such as grasshopper and sycamore, weeds of the family Cyperaceae, such as dayflower, and weeds of the family Cyperaceae, such as cyperus japonica. In addition, the herbicide of the present invention does not cause any harmful effects on crops.In addition, the herbicide of the present invention is effective against various weeds that are problematic in the flooding treatment of rice fields, such as grass weeds such as Japanese millet, azalea, commonweed, and chickweed. broad-leaved weeds, grasshoppers,
The herbicide of the present invention usually contains a solid carrier, a liquid carrier, a surfactant, and other formulation auxiliaries. These preparations contain 9-methquincamptothecin as an active ingredient, preferably at a weight ratio of 1 to 80S, by mixing with contains 5 to 60 pieces.

Examples of solid carriers include fine powders such as kaolin clay, abtapulgite clay, bentonite, acid clay, pyrophyllite, phosphorus, diatomaceous earth, calcite, phosphorus powder, urea, ammonium sulfate, synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, etc. Liquid carriers include aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene and methylnaphthalene, alcohols such as isopropano-μ, ethylene glyco-μ, and cellosolve, ketones such as acetone, cyclohexanone, and isophorone, soybean oil, Vegetable oils such as cottonseed oil, dimethic acid, acetonitrile! , water, etc. ◎ Surfactants used for emulsification, dispersion, wet carbon, etc. include alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkyl/1/(aryl)
〃) Anionic surfactants such as sulfonates, dialkyl μ-phosuccinates, polyoxyethylene aryl ether phosphate lv salts, polyoxyethylene 7
Co-preparations containing non-ionic surfactant injections such as μki μether, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, sorbitan/IR fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc. Examples of adjuvants include tagnin sulfonate, alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, CMC (carboxymethyl sylose), PAP (isopropyl acid phosphate), etc. Next, formulation examples are shown. Note that parts indicate 1 part by weight.

Formulation Example 1 A water conservancy is obtained by thoroughly pulverizing and mixing 0 parts of tll material A S, lignin, 8 parts of siphon acid μsium, 2 parts of Sodium Furi/L' sulfate, and 45 parts of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide ■ Formulation Example 2 [ 0 parts of IB B, 8 parts of lignin sulfonate μsium, 2 parts of sodium sulfate and 65 parts of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide are thoroughly ground and mixed to obtain a wettable powder. Formulation Example 8 10 parts of 9-methoxy V camptothecne, Ligamine μphonic acid; 8 parts of celium, 2 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 85 parts of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide are thoroughly pulverized and mixed to obtain an irrigation agent. Formulation Example 4 10 parts of 9-methquinacambutocin, polyoxyethylene sulfate ρ ete ρ! Formulation Example 5: Obtain an emulsion by thoroughly mixing 4 parts of Dode V/L/benzenesulfonate/Vum and 70 parts of xylene 10 parts of 9-methoxycamptothecin, synthetic hydrous oxidized JL
&1 part, 2 parts of lignin sulfonate μsium, 25 parts of bentonite, and 62 parts of kaolin clay are thoroughly ground and mixed, and water is added. 6. Thoroughly grind and mix 20 parts of extract D, 1 part of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, 2 parts of lignosulfonic acid, 28 parts of bentonite, and 454 parts of kaolin fur, add water and knead well], and then granulate and dry. Formulation Example 7 10 parts of 9-methoxycandetothecin, 18 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoole, 8 parts of 0M0, and 84 parts of water were mixed and wet-pulverized until the particle size was 5 microns or less. 〇The Fi of the present invention prepared in this way
: Herbicides should be treated with soil destruction, foliage treatment, or waterlogging before or after the emergence of weeds. Soil treatment includes soil damage surface treatment, soil dust mixing treatment, etc., and foliage treatment includes treatment from above the plant body, as well as local treatment that treats only weeds so that they do not attach to crops. In addition, it can be expected to increase the herbicidal efficacy by mixing it with other herbicides.In addition, it can be used as an insecticide, acaricide, nematicide, fungicide, plant growth regulator, fertilizer, soil, etc. The herbicide of the present invention can also be used in combination with improvers, etc. The herbicide of the present invention can be used in rice fields, fields, orchards, tea plantations, pastures, lawns, forests, non-agricultural lands, etc. When 9-methoxycandetothecin or an extract containing 9-methoxy Vcamptothecin from a plant is used as an active ingredient of a herbicide, the application amount is 1. Although it varies depending on weather conditions, formulation form, application time, method, location, target weeds, target crops, etc.
? , preferably from 5t to 200f. Emulsions, irrigation agents, suspending agents, aqueous solvents, etc. are usually added in a specified amount to 1 liter/~10 liters/μ of [phase]. If so,
Spreading agents include the surfactants mentioned above, as well as the above-mentioned surfactants. Polyoxyethylene resin acid (estefi/), lignin sulfonate, abietate, sinaphthimethanedisulfonate, pufffin, etc. are used.

Next, O Herbicidal Efficacy Co., Ltd., which shows a test example of the herbicide of the present invention, visually observed the degree of budding and growth inhibition of the test plants during the investigation, and found that there was no or almost no difference between the results when no donor material was used and the degree of inhibition of budding and growth of the test plants. A score of 0 indicates that there is no test plant, and a score of 5 indicates that the test plant is withered or its growth is completely inhibited. O Test Example 1 Field soil stem and leaf treatment test A pad with an area of 88 x 28 d and a depth of 11 o 11 was filled with field soil and treated with chickweed, white locust, shepherd's purse, shepherd's purse, hotokenoza, physalis, hackberry, corn,
Dice were sown and grown for 10 days ◎After that, Formulation Example 1
．． Make the sample into an irrigation agent according to 2 and 8, dilute the specified amount with water equivalent to 1 A/5 liters containing a spreading agent, and spray from above the plant with a small sprayer. The growth conditions of weeds and crops differ depending on the vehicle type, but the growth conditions of weeds and crops are 1-2 leaf stage and the plant height is 2-12 cm.
The herbicidal efficacy was investigated after the 0 treatment 20B, which was 20B, and the results are shown in Table 2.This test was conducted in a greenhouse throughout the entire period.Test Example 2 Paddy field flooding treatment test A cylindrical dewo snack pot (S12611) was filled with paddy soil, and seeds of Japanese millet and broad-leaved weeds (Azeena, Kikashigusa, Chickweed) were mixed in to a depth of 1 to 2 degrees. After being flooded and made into a paddy field. 12 days after transplanting rice at the two-leaf stage and growing it in a greenhouse (the early stage of the emergence of each weed), the sample was made into an irrigation agent according to Formulation Examples 1.2 and 8, and the prescribed amount was added to one bottle. It was diluted with 5 ml of water and treated on the water surface. After treatment, it was grown in a greenhouse for 20 days and its herbicidal efficacy was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A herbicide characterized by containing 9-methoxycamptothecin or a 9-methoxycamptothecin-containing extract from a plant as an active ingredient.