JPS6119887Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention is a locking and unlocking system that mechanically memorizes the cutting position of the drill when performing step cutting with a deep hole drill unit by applying a wedge mechanism using gears. It is a slide dog. Conventionally, the number of step cuttings has been increased in order to improve the cutting efficiency in deep hole drilling. This is to improve cutting efficiency such as evacuation of chips from deep holes, cutting of long chips, and cooling of cutting surfaces. However, by increasing the number of steps, the amount of air cut increases and the cycle time becomes longer. In order to solve these problems, measures have been taken to reduce the amount of air cut as much as possible, and as part of this effort, ball slide dogs and the like, which will be described below, have been developed. A conventional device for cutting such a deep hole will be explained with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a cylinder, and 2 is a piston, which slides inside the cylinder 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes a main shaft rotatably fitted in a cylinder 4, and a drill 5 is attached to the tip thereof, which is driven by a motor 6. A support rod 7 is fixed to the shaft head of the cylinder 4, a slide bar 8 is fixed in parallel to the upper part of the support rod 7, and a piston rod 2' of the piston 2 is fixed to the lower part of the rod 7. ing. Above the main body A of the machine are a forward slide stopper Fs, a fast-forward switching limit switch Ls, and a backward slide stopper Bs.
However, below that, there are a forward end switch Ls ₁ , an intermediate position switch Ls ₂ , and a backward end switch Ls ₃ .
They are arranged as shown in the diagram. Further, a slide dog Sd is fitted into the slide bar 8 so as to be fixed and slidable. 9 is a solenoid valve, 10 is a fast-forward switching valve, 11 is a check valve, and 12 is a throttle valve. In such a device, when the motor 6 is started to rotate the drill 5 and the solenoid valve 9 is moved by a push button switch (not shown), pressurized air or pressure oil from the pump P is delivered to the rear of the cylinder 1. , and the main shaft 3 is advanced by the piston 2 via the support rod 7 at a high speed. The support rod 7 moves forward together with the main shaft 3, etc., and accordingly, the slide dog Sd also moves, and the fast-forward switching limit switch Ls
is pressed, thereby engaging the rapid feed switching valve 10 and reducing the forward speed to the cutting speed, resulting in cutting feed. Further, the timer is started by the start push button switch, and when the cutting feed drill 5 cuts into the workpiece 31 to a predetermined depth, the set time of the timer is reached, and the solenoid valve 9 is switched by the timer. Pressurized air or oil is applied to the front of the cylinder 1 and the drill 5 returns at a fast speed.

On the other hand, as described above, when the drill 5 is cutting into the workpiece, the slide dog SD also moves forward together with the slide bar 8, but when the slide dog Sd engages the rapid feed changeover switch Ls and switches to cutting feed, Immediately after, the arm 16 shown in FIG. 2 comes into contact with the set forward slide stopper Fs, the locking function of the slide dog Sd is released, and the slide bar 8 and the slide dog Sd slide.

Further, the slide dog Sd slides against the slide bar 8 until the drill 5 and the main spindle 3 begin to retreat after the timer setting time, and is locked onto the slide bar 8 again at the same time as the retreat.

Therefore, when the cutting feed is switched in the next stepping, the position at which it engages with the rapid feed changeover switch Ls changes by the amount of the slid stroke.
The amount of air cut at this time is determined by the set position of the stopper Fs, which is set immediately after the above-mentioned fast forward switching. By repeating these operations, the amount of air cut was reduced and a deep hole was drilled.
In Fig. 1, the position _a0 indicates the first cutting feed position, _a1 the retreating end position, _a3 the forward end position, and the distance between _a1 and _a3 is the cutting feed length of one cycle. , and c ₁ to _{c 4} indicate the amount of air cut each time. The slide dog used in such conventional equipment
The outline of Sd will be explained based on FIG.

The slide dog Sd has a lock ball 12 in a tapered ring 11 under the tension of a spring 13 to cause a biting action, so that the dog body 1 is
4 is locked to the slide bar 15, and serves as a fixed dog for operating the fast-forward changeover switch. Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the forward slide stopper Fs fixed to the machine body A collides with the arm 16 and pushes the slide ring 17, thereby releasing the lock ball 12 from the taper ring 11 via the unlock ball 18 Then, the dog body 14 slides and moves by the amount of cutting feed of the shaft head, and as described above, the shaft head returns quickly using an arbitrary timer. Therefore, at the time of re-cutting, the cutting is performed in rapid feed until just before the cutting surface, and then the cutting feed is switched to, thereby making it possible to reduce the amount of air cut as much as possible. However, the conventional slide dog as described above has point contact between the ball and the tapered ring, and there is partial wear at the contact point and idling of the lock ball due to the contamination of lubricating oil, which causes slipping of the dog body and reduces reliability. Poor. The slip of the slide dog may cause the shaft head to penetrate into the cutting surface, which may cause the drill to break or break, causing heat generation and fire. Moreover, it is inevitable that the shaft head feeding mechanism will be damaged and a serious failure will occur.

The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and provides a highly reliable slide dog by preventing wear of the main parts of the slide dog, slipping due to oil, etc. Next, the slide dog 20 of the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 3 and 4. The slide bar 21 is attached to the front bolt 21
a and rear bolt 21b to the support rod of the shaft head corresponding to support rod 7 in FIG.
The slide bar 21 is provided with a rack gear 21c on the lower side, and front and rear lock gears 25a and 25b are engaged with the rack gear 21c.
On the other hand, the tooth surfaces of the lock gears 25a and 25b are supported by the tapered surfaces 22a and 22b at the front and back of the crest having a peak 29 between the fulcrum pins 26a and 26b of both gears provided on the slide dog body 20a. In this state, use the bolts 24 to tighten the presser plate 23.
is attached to the upper part of the slide dog body 20a, so that the slide dog body 20a is slidably attached to the slide bar 21. Further, a slide arm 27 is fitted into the slide dog body 20a, and elongated holes 27a, 27b are bored in the side surface of the slide arm 27. Lock gears 25a, 25b are inserted into the elongated holes 27a, 27b.
fulcrum pins 26a, 26b are supported so as to be movable back and forth. An O-ring or a spring 28 is suspended between the fulcrum pins 26a, 26b so as to pull them together, and the front and rear lock gears 25a, 25b are normally pulled together by this O-ring or spring 28.
The tooth surfaces of the lock gears 25a and 25b are engaged with the tapered surfaces 22a and 22b of the slide dog body 20a at arbitrary angles, thereby locking the slide dog 20 from sliding back and forth with respect to the slide bar 21. .

Note that the slide arm 27 has elongated holes 27a, 27.
b is configured to maintain the following relative position with the fulcrum pins 26a, 26b when the slide arm 27 is in the neutral position.

That is, in the state shown in FIG. 3, at least the distance between the left end 30, which is the front end of the elongated hole 27a, and the opposing circumferential surface of the fulcrum pin 26a is the same as the distance between the left end 31, which is the front end of the elongated hole 27b, and the opposing circumferential surface of the fulcrum pin 26b. The distance between the right end 32, which is the rear end of the elongated hole 27b, and the opposing peripheral surface of the fulcrum pin 26b is such that the distance between the right end 33, which is the rear end of the elongated hole 27a, and the opposing peripheral surface of the fulcrum pin 26a is The distance between the outer circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface is longer.

In FIG. 3, lock gear 25a locks slide dog 20 from sliding in the direction of arrow A, and lock gear 25b locks slide dog 20 from sliding in the direction of arrow B. This lock is not released unless the fulcrum pins 6a, 6b of the lock gear move to the unlocked position, and in this state the fast-forward changeover switch fixed to the machine body is changed over, so variations in the changeover position can be reduced. In such a slide dog 20, as shown in FIG. 1, when the slide arm 27 hits a stopper fixed to the machine body immediately after switching to fast forwarding, the left end 31, which is the front end of the elongated hole 27b, becomes the fulcrum of the lock gear 25b in FIG. pin 26
In order to push b to the right, the engagement between the lock gear 25b and the tapered surface 22b is released, and the slide dog 20 begins to slide in the direction of arrow B. At this time, in the lock gear 25a, the fulcrum pin 26a and the left end 30, which is the front end of the elongated hole 27a, do not come into contact with each other.
The tapered surface 22a moves in the direction in which the biting is released, and the sliding is not obstructed. Next, an arbitrarily set timer causes the shaft head to return quickly (stepping), so the position at which the fast-forward selector switch is activated during the next feeding changes by the amount by which the slide dog slides. Furthermore, by changing the position of the stopper, the amount of sliding of the slide dog can be changed as desired. At the end of one cycle, another fixed dog fixed to the shaft head side switches the forward end changeover switch, and the shaft head moves backward. At this time, the slide arm interferes with the backward stopper fixed to the machine body side, and the slide dog body is sent back by the stroke of the slide during step feeding, returning to the original position. The slide dog of the present invention has the following effects. That is, since the lock gear engages a tapered surface having an arbitrary angle in a direction opposite to the external force, the locking force is large, and the stronger the external force, the more the locking force increases. In addition, the tapered surface can be cited as a wear part, but since it is in contact with the entire width of the gear, it has a greater wear resistance effect than the point contact of conventional ball slide dogs. The wear limit can also be extended by changing the angle. Furthermore, since the locking mechanism is based on meshing gears, there is no slippage even if lubricating oil, coolant, etc. are mixed in.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view showing the operating system of a conventional deep hole cutting device; Fig. 2 is a side view showing a half section of the conventional ball slide dog in Fig. 1; The figure is a side view showing a part of the slide dog according to the present invention as a cross section.
The figure is a front view showing a part of the thing shown in FIG. 3 as a cross section. 20: Slide dog, 20a: Slide dog body, 21: Slide bar, 21c: Rack gear, 22a, 22b: Tapered surface, 23: Holding plate, 25a, 25b: Lock gear, 26a, 26
b: fulcrum pin, 27: slide arm, 28: spring, 29: top, 30: left end which is the front end of the elongated hole 27a, 31: left end which is the front end of the elongated hole 27b, 3
2: Right end of the rear end of the elongated hole 27b, 33: Elongated hole 27
The right end, the rear end of a.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A rack gear is provided on the lower side of the slide bar, and the fulcrum pins of the front and rear lock gears meshed with this rack gear are elastically connected so as to pull each other with a spring, etc., and the tooth surfaces of the front and rear lock gears are connected under the slide dog body. The slide dog body is supported by the front and rear tapered surfaces of a mountain portion provided on the bottom and having an apex between the fulcrum pins of the front and rear lock gears, and the slide dog body is slidably fitted to the slide bar,
Furthermore, a slide arm having a front elongated hole and a rear elongated hole on the side surface corresponding to the front and rear fulcrum pins is movably fitted into the slide dog main body, and the front fulcrum pin is inserted into the front elongated hole. The rear fulcrum pin is movably inserted into the rear elongated hole, and when the slide arm is in the neutral position, at least the distance between the front end of the front elongated hole and the opposing circumferential surface of the fulcrum pin is adjusted to the rear side. The distance between the front end of the elongated hole and the opposing circumferential surface of the fulcrum pin is longer than the distance between the rear end of the elongated hole on the rear side and the opposing circumferential surface of the fulcrum pin. A slide dog characterized in that the distance is longer than the distance between the opposing peripheral surfaces of the pin, and the front and rear ends of the slide arm face front and rear stoppers fixed to the machine body.