JPS61194132A - Metallic composite material reinforced with crystalline alumina-silica fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain composite material superior in mechanical characteristic such as strength and wear resistance, by composing it with alumina-silica fiber contg. mullite crystal as reinforcing fiber and a metal such as Al, Mg, Cu, Zn, Sn or an ally consisting essentially of said metals as a matrix metal. CONSTITUTION:Alumina-silica fiber having compsn. of 35-65wt% Al2O3, 65-35wt% SiO2, 0-10wt% the other components (e.g. Fe2O3) and >=15wt% especially >=19wt% mullite crystal quantity is prepd. Content of nonfiber particle having >=150mu diameter contained in aggregate of said fiber is controlled to <=5wt%, especially to <=2wt%. The alumina-silica fiber as reinforcing fiber, and said metal as matrix metal are composed to >=0.5% vol. ratio of said fiber, to obtain the aimed titled composite material. The composite material is superior in mechanical characteristic as described previously and superior also in friction wear characteristic against opposing material.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Field of application in the PL industry The present invention relates to a fiber-reinforced gold composite material. It relates to composite materials whose matrix metals are magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin, and components containing these as main components.

Conventional technology Aluminum, magnesium, copper, iIf! lead, lead;
Relatively +tt such as tin and alloys containing these as main components
Funoji and Den's Nijiku are often used as sliding materials due to their good compatibility with the phase r=M fi+. However, due to demands for higher performance, the usage conditions f1 of these materials have become increasingly strict, and so-called tribo problems such as wear and seizure often occur.

For example, in the aluminum alloy piston of the Deville engine, when the engine is operated under harsh conditions,
Abnormal wear of the ring groove may cause problems such as seizure between the Ubistone and the cylinder. As one effective means for solving such tribological problems, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-93948, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-93948,
As disclosed in JP-A-58-93837, JP-A-58-93841, and JP-A-59-70736>'i,... Techniques are known for reinforcing acute metals such as aluminum alloys with high hardness C-tough reinforcing fibers.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Examples of reinforcing fibers for such composite materials include silicon carbide fibers,
Nitride fiber, alumina mM, alumina-silica II
There are M, carbon M fibers, potassium titanate fibers, mineral fibers, etc., but alumina-silica fibers, i.e. alumina fibers and alumina - The silica fiber 81 is tIT ;i: L (1
, 1985-93837, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1987-5F1-930/
11shi1. , l, Composite materials made of oak alumina fibers @1 as reinforcing fibers have a soaked wear resistance of 111, but since alumina fibers are very expensive, composite materials are also very expensive. There is a problem with being able to like things.

On the other hand, aluminum fibers and silinoco fibers have traditionally been used as heat insulating materials, and are generally used in an amorphous state, especially in consideration of handling properties.

In a composite material using alumina-silica fibers as reinforcing fibers, the Ni1- of the composite material can be reduced compared to the case where alumina fibers are used as reinforcing fibers, but alumina-silica fibers 7/ Since the hardness is lower than that of Lumina fibers, there is a problem that the wear resistance of the composite material tends to be insufficient.

Furthermore, in the metals mentioned above, there is a strong demand6 for increasing the strength by reinforcing fibers. Alumina has various crystal structures, and high-strength crystal structures include δ phase, γ phase, α phase, etc. Alumina fibers containing these crystal structures include [Refill (manufactured by IC1 Corporation)]. Registered trademark) RFJ
, IT Yukagaku 1ffi Co., Ltd.'s Sumika Aluminum Bamboo Co., Ltd.', DuPont Co., Ltd.'s [), ・Ibar FP (registered trademark) J
(100% alpha alumina). These alumina fibers can significantly increase the strength of the matrix metal, but since these fibers are hard, wear of the phase f material can occur when such composite materials are used as a finishing material. There is a problem that ≠ increases. On the other hand, α-alumina content is 4-1'! Composite material using alumina fibers as reinforcing fibers containing 5 to 60 wt% of
384.1) is Dere's own resistance to 1? Although it has better abrasion resistance and friction against the mating material, it is insufficient in terms of strength compared to the above-mentioned composite material using navy blue alumina fibers as reinforcing fibers. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to select an alumina fiber with a crystalline structure that can form a composite material that is both strong and wear resistant. In addition, since alumina-silica fibers, especially amorphous aluminum-silica fibers, are mechanically unstable, they react with ash due to heating when mixed with molten matrix metals such as magnesium alloys, which have a high tendency to form oxides. Composite materials that use alumina-silica mr4 as reinforcing fibers tend to have insufficient strength and become weak. There is a problem.

Each of the present inventions relates to a conventional fiber-reinforced gold/am composite material, particularly a composite material using aluminum-silica-based U and navy blue as reinforcing materials. In view of the problems mentioned in F, various experimental JTL+ studies have been carried out, and it has been found that amorphous alumina-silica fibers are heat treated to precipitate mullite crystals of a predetermined size or more, and that mullite crystals of a predetermined size or more are included. noluminar silica mlf
It has been found that the various problems mentioned in -1 can be solved by using f as a reinforcing fiber.

The present invention is the result of various experimental studies conducted by the inventors of IJ! Based on the obtained knowledge, the mechanical properties such as strength and abrasion resistance are affected, and the r
*The aim is to provide an inexpensive composite material with excellent wear characteristics.

According to the present invention, the purpose of solving the problem is as follows:
%A+203, 65~3F) W1%S i
02, an alumino-silica fiber having a composition of 0 to 1□wt% other components and having a mullite/crystal content of 15wt% or more, the particle size contained in the aggregate being 1
The reinforced string is made of alumina-silica fibers with a Jtm of 50 μF or less and a content of coarse particles of 5 wt% or less, and is made of aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin, and alloys containing these as main components. This is achieved by using a metal selected from the group as a matrix metal, and a full-minor silica fiber reinforced metal-polymerized material in which the volume fraction of the aluminum-non-resilient fibers is 0.55% or more.

[Operations and effects of the invention] - According to the composite material according to the present invention as described above, it is made of alumino-silica material containing mullite crystals, which is much cheaper, harder and more stable than alumina fibers etc. - Since the lithium metal is reinforced, an extremely inexpensive composite material with excellent abrasion resistance and mechanical properties similar to strong hemp can be obtained, and the content of large, hard, non-fibrous particles with a particle size of 150μ or more can be obtained. 5
Nogu, strong electric power and tsuki maika [t#i
1! An excellent composite material that has excellent properties and does not cause normal wear and tear of the mating material due to particle shedding. I get caught.

In general, alumina-silica fibers are classified into alumina-UL navy blue and alumina-silica fibers in terms of their composition and manufacturing method. Al2O3 content is 70wt% or more and 810
The so-called alumino 1 coin with a 2 content of 30 wt% or more is made into a mixture of a 6-tone solution and an inorganic In of aluminum, and then heated to a temperature of 30 wt%. Since it is made by roasting and roasting, it has excellent performance as a reinforcing fiber, but it is very expensive.On the other hand, A
I 20z containing fIIj1; 35 to 65 wt% C 5
The so-called 7-luminar silica fiber If, which has an i02 content of 35 to 65 wt%, is produced by C-melting a mixture of alumina and silica in an electric furnace or the like, since the mixture of alumina and silica has a lower melting point than that of alumina. By making the liquid into fibers using the I[1-ink method or the spinning method, it can be produced at a relatively low cost (in particular, Al2O3-containing
- is 65W [% or more and S! Op-4i is 35wt%
In the following IEJo, the melting point of the mixture of alumina and silica is too high and the viscosity of the melt is low, while Al2O3
The content of 11 is 35 wt% or less and the SiO2 content is 65
For JA of more than wt%, it is difficult to apply these gJ (inexpensive manufacturing methods) for reasons such as not being able to obtain the appropriate viscosity required for 70-ing and spinning. For the purpose of adjusting the melting point and viscosity, and giving special performance to U&Navy, 1M of CaO (10, Na2O, Fe203, C) was added to the mixture of alumino and silica.
r20a, 7rOp, -rt 02) PbO13n
O2, Zn 05M0O*, Ni01K20, Mll
OH, B20a, V! ! 05, CII 01
Gold ki1Pli compounds such as CO*04 may be added. According to the results of an experimental study carried out by the inventors of the present invention, it is recognized that it is preferable to suppress these components to 10 wt% or less, and therefore, it is found that it is preferable to suppress these components to below 10 wt%. The composition of alumino-silica Mli#ll is 35-65wt% A+ 20a
, 65-35 wt% SiO=, O-10 wt% other components.

Manufactured by blow ink method or spinning method.1. :)l
There is an amorphous fiber like Lumino Syria J Fiber It, and the fiber 41F 1" is about l-1v700C. When the luminar silica fiber in such an amorphous state is heated to 950°C for 1 stroke, Murai crystals precipitate and the hardness of the fiber is 17°C. do. According to the results of an experimental ω1 study carried out by the inventor of the present application, when the mullite crystal spacing is about 15 wt% [
The hardness of the fiber increases rapidly, and the amount of mullite crystals increases to 19wt.
%, the hardness of the fiber is 1viOOOOPi1 degree (
It was found that even if the amount of mullite crystals was increased further, the hardness of the fibers did not increase significantly.I5 and Iζ1. In the alumina-silica fiber containing such mullite crystals (the abrasion resistance and strength lα of the reinforced metal correspond well to the hardness of the alumina-silica fiber 11 itself,
Is it resistant to 1g when t% or more l-1, especially 19wt% or more 1-1? Composite l1 excellent for worn bamboo and strong hemp; 1 in 1! In the composite +A11 of the present invention, the mullite crystal h1 of the alumina-silica fiber is 15W% or more [-
1IR, I L < is 19 wt% or more.

In addition, in the production of alumino-silica fibers by the -1-ink method, etc., J1° fibers are inevitably produced in large numbers on the same 1F as the fibers, promoting ), the aggregate of Flumibou silica fibers contains a relatively large number of non-fibrillated particles. ,? In order to improve the properties of Lumibo Silica 1, the fibers are heat treated to precipitate mullite crystals, and the fibers are hardened with mullite crystallization. According to the results of experimental research carried out by the present invention and others, it has been found that especially giant <N particles with a particle size exceeding 150μ have the mechanical properties ゛t゛1 and weight r] of composite + A1. This causes the deterioration of the strength of the composite material.
It also becomes a prisoner of 0 and 4, which produces 7 and 4.

Therefore, in the composite material of the present invention, the particles contained in the aggregate of alumino-silica fibers are
, the content t1 of the dark blue particles is 5 wt% or less, especially 2 wt%
From now on, it can be suppressed to 1 wt% or more. .

Furthermore, as a result of an experimental study in which the title of the present invention etc. is 1j, it is found that the unevenness that determines the above-mentioned excellent properties is 1']・Alumino-1-silicon containing crystals) , aluminum, ngnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin and C
7trix'5t I+ is an alloy whose main components are FL and others.
(In Juru Composite 441M, the volume fraction of aluminum to silica fiber is 0.5% culm 1α), but is the composite material 1? Abrasion of the mating material is significantly increased, and even if the volume ratio of the alumina-silica fiber is increased further, the abrasion of the mating material will be significantly increased. Therefore, in the composite 4A fiber 1 of the present invention, the volume fraction of alumina-silica fibers is set to 0.5% or more, particularly 1% or more, and even 2% or more.

In order to obtain a composite material that is not affected by mechanical properties such as strength and abrasion resistance, but has good friction and wear characteristics against the mating material, aluminum-silica fibers containing mullite crystals are
According to the results of experimental research conducted by the inventors, knowledge
In the case of miscellaneous, the instep diameter is 1.15~5゜0μ and 20
It was found that it is preferable to have an average fiber length of μ~3III11 of 41, and a fiber tIIt diameter of 3~30μ in the case of long fibers.

The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1 Isolai] - Alumino-silica fiber manufactured by Babcock Fireproof Co., Ltd. (Product name: Kao Wool J, 51 wt% Al =
Oa, 49wt%Si02) vs. 182
After performing grain processing and reducing the content of particles with a particle diameter of 150μ or more and 1-1 contained in the fiber aggregate to 0.3 wt%, we heat-process the fibers of our fibers to a divinely high temperature. ,
η6 fibers were formed with various amounts of mullite crystals as shown in 1 below.

Next, 1: Disperse each of the above-mentioned aluminum-booth silica fibers in colloidal silica,
The colloidal silica in which the alumina-silica fibers were uniformly dispersed was formed into a fiber formed body 1 of <80x80x20ffim as shown in FIG. By firing, the individual aluminum-boiled silica fibers 2 were bonded together with silica. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, the individual alumina-Syria J fibers 2 were randomly oriented in the xy plane and stacked in seven directions.

Next, as shown in FIG.
sAI rating AC8A) and pour the molten metal into mold 3.
1500 k! by the plunger 6 that fits into the ll/
, and pressurized to a pressure of +1" and maintained the pressurized state until the melt 3!5) is completely solidified, thus solidifying into a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 110 ffll and a height of 50111 m as shown in Figure 3. 16 bodies 7 were made, and the solidified bodies were further heat-treated T.
r, and cut out composite materials 1' having alumina-silica mH as reinforcing fibers and aluminum alloy as a matrix from each solidified body, and from these composite materials, hardness test pieces, abrasion test specimens, A bending test piece was prepared by machining.

After polishing the test surface of the hardness test piece thus formed, the Vickers hardness of the alumina-silica fiber was measured.

However, since the size of the fiber itself is very small with an average fiber diameter of 2.9μ, the hardness of non-fibrous particles with a relatively large particle size is measured, and the value is calculated as follows. C hardness of alumina silica fiber. The measurement results are shown in Figure 4, where the horizontal axis represents the amount of mullite crystals in the alumina-silica fibers and the vertical axis represents the hardness of the alumina-silica fibers. From this Figure 4, the hardness of alumina-silica fiber is low in the range of about 10 wt% or less, but the mullite crystal content is about 15 wt%.
If it is above, it will increase significantly, and the distance between mullite crystals will be about 2ow
It can be seen that the value becomes almost constant above t%.

Next, the above-mentioned block test pieces were sequentially set in a friction and wear tester, and the bearing steel (JIS standard MSLJJ
2) was brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical test piece made of the quenched and tempered material (hardness HV 630), and RA lubricant castle motor oil 5W at room temperature (20°C) was applied to the contact area of the test piece.
-30) while supplying contact surface pressure 20 to 9/l1a12
) A wear test was conducted in which a cylindrical test piece was rotated for one direction at a sliding speed of 0.3 t*/sec. Further, a wear test using a cylindrical test piece made of spheroidal graphite cast iron (FCD70) as a mating member was conducted under the same conditions as the RLP wear test described above. In these wear tests, the test surface of the GJ1 test piece was a plane parallel to the xy plane shown in FIG.

The results of these wear tests are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Furthermore, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively show the results of wear tests using a cylindrical test C made of bearing W4 and a cylindrical test J1 made of spheroidal graphite cast iron as the mating members.
In the figure, the upper half represents the wear amount (wear scar depth μ) of the block test piece, and the lower half represents the wear amount (wear loss fttu) of the cylindrical test piece with the mating member.

From Figure 5, when bearing steel is used as the mating member, the wear amount of the block test piece does not substantially change in the range of 0 to 11 wt% of mullite crystals in the alumina-silica fibers. First, in the range where the amount of mullite crystals is 11 to 19 wt%, it decreases significantly as the amount of mullite crystals increases, and when the amount of mullite crystals is 19 W (% or more), M+ is substantially constant. The amount of wear on the cylindrical test piece is that of alumina.
It can be seen that the value of 1 between the mullite crystals in the silica fibers is a substantially constant value regardless of the size. Furthermore, from Figure 6, when spheroidal graphite cast iron is used as the mating member, the wear amount of the 11 cock test piece does not show the same tendency as when bearing steel is used as the mating member, whereas the cylindrical test piece It can be seen that the wear h1 becomes a slightly larger value in the range where the amount of mullite crystals is 15w% or more.

The relationship between the amount of mullite crystals and the wear amount of the block test piece shown in Figures 5 and 6 corresponds to the relationship between the hardness of the aluminum boot silica fiber and the amount of mullite crystals shown in Figure 4. , From these figures 5 and 6, aluminum fushiri h
Amount of wear and friction IPI vJq of a composite material with reinforced fiber braided fibers and aluminum alloy with 7 trix
It can be seen that in order to reduce the amount of wear on the mating member, it is preferable that the 11-lite crystal content in the Fluminar silica fiber is 15 wt% or more, particularly 19 wt% or more.

Next, using the bending test piece (50 x 10 x 2 mm) described in 1 above, a bending test was performed at room temperature and 250°C with a distance between fulcrums of 391 Ill.
The qz plane of 1 m is parallel to the x-y plane in Figure 1, and the surface stress at the time of fracture of the test piece is M/7 (M - bending moment at time of break, 2 - section modulus of the bending test piece). Measured as strength. The M east of this bending test is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Furthermore, Figures 7 and 8 show the bending strength at room temperature and 250'C, respectively.

From these figures 7 and 8, the bending strength of the composite material is 0-11w+% between the mullite crystals in the aluminum seam and silica fibers.
In the range of , it is relatively small and substantially constant, but in the range where the mullite crystal spacing is 11 to 1 gwt%, especially in the region where the mullite crystal spacing is around 15 wt%. It can be seen that the value increases sharply and remains substantially constant when the mullite crystal spacing is 19 wt% or more. In addition, the broken lines in Figures 7 and 8 are the values measured for a bending test piece that was subjected to Tr heat treatment on aluminum alloy (JIS standard AC8A) as a matrix metal. As can be seen from the comparison with the strength, when the mullite intercrystal content is 15 wt% or more, it is found that the strength is higher than that of the aluminum alloy at both room temperature and high temperature. Furthermore, at room temperature, the amount of mullite crystals is approximately 15wt.
% or less, the reason why the flexural strength of the composite material is lower than that of the aluminum alloy when the mullite crystal content is approximately 14wj% or less at 250°C is that the mullite crystal content is relatively low. If it is small, it is presumed that a chemical reaction occurs between the alumina-silica fiber and the aluminum alloy, which causes the fiber to react.

From these Figures 7 and 8, it is clear that in a composite material using alumina-silica fibers as reinforcing fibers and aluminum alloy as a 7-trix metal, Murai]・Crystal amount is 15wt%
From the above, it can be seen that it is particularly preferable that the content be 19 wt% or more.

Example 2 The three types of alumina-silica fibers shown in Table 2 above were subjected to degranulation treatment to reduce the amount of particles with fl/diameter of 150 μm or more contained in the fiber aggregate to 0.15 wt% or less. The amount of mullite crystals was adjusted to 28.31°F-3/I wt% as shown in Table 2 by heat treating the alumina-silica lle at various temperatures. Next, a woven fiber molded article (80×80×20IJun) having a volume percentage of alumina-silica fibers of about 9% was formed by vacuum forming in the same manner as in Example 1 above.

Next, place the molded bodies in each place mentioned in '(-1)-(,-[
CI? in the same manner as in Example 1. 'li f [Casting method (molten metal temperature 1α7:t o ”c, molten metal λ・1・J
We manufactured a composite material 11 using Fulmi-Shim alloy (JIS standard AC8A>) with a f-force of 1500/'Ill'',
The material was subjected to T7 heat treatment. Ko1 Shirano 19 composite material TY
I J, cut out a block test piece for the 1f wear test,
Quenching and tempering of bearing steel (JISpA grade 5UJ2) 4]
(Hardness 1lv710)! A wear test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1 using a cylindrical test piece of FJ as a mating member. The results of this wear test (wear scar depth on the block test piece) are shown in Figure 9.

From Figure 9, regardless of the composition of the alumina-silica fiber, 1
1 ([・Composite 44v1 reinforced with alumina-silica 8M miscellaneous containing crystals, mullite crystal f
Q J: Wear of composite 44 x 1 reinforced with % alumina-silica IIM! J-rit))1. It can be seen from Figure 9 that regardless of the composition of the alumina-silica fibers, by introducing mullite crystals into the alumina-silica fibers, the It turns out that it can significantly improve sex.

Example 3 The amount of particles with a particle size of 150μ or more contained in the &l aggregate was reduced by performing a granulation treatment on alumina-silica IMH, which is the same as the alumina-silica fiber used in Example 1 above. After Q, 3wt%, the particles with a particle size of 150 μ or more are 10.7, 0.5.0, l, Qwt, respectively.
Particles having a particle size of 150 μm or more were added to the fiber aggregate again so that the fiber aggregate had a particle size of 150 μm or more, thereby forming aggregates of five types of alumina-silica fibers as shown in Table 3. Next, these fiber aggregates are heat-treated to reduce the gap between the mullite crystals.
After adjusting the concentration to 6 wt %, a fiber formed body of 80 x 80 x 201 m was formed by vacuum forming in the same manner as in Example 1 described above.

Next, in the same manner as in Example 1 above, ^nuI
Immersion method (molten metal 730℃, pressure applied to the molten metal) J150
Aluminum alloy (JIs standard AC
88) as the matrix metal is wJ3S!
! TI heat treatment was applied to each composite material. Then, the thus treated composite material r1 was cut using a carbide cutting tool at a cutting speed of 15011/1llin, feed mo, 03m.
Cutting was performed at a certain level using coolant water at 5/revolutions, and the wear amount of the carbide cutting tool was measured. The results of this cutting test are shown in FIG.

No.! From Figure 0, when the amount of particles with a particle size of 150μ or more contained in the alumina-silica fiber aggregate is 5.0wt% or less, wear on the flank of the cutting tool is relatively small, and when the particle size is 150μ or more It can be seen that the smaller the amount of particles, the smaller the wear on the flank of the cutting tool.

Next, a bending test piece was formed from the composite material formed as described above by mechanical processing, and a bending test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 above. The results of this bending test are
Shown in Figure 1.

From Figure 11, when the amount of particles with a particle size of 150μ or more contained in the aggregate of alumina-silica [1] exceeds 5wt%, the bending strength of the composite material decreases rapidly; It can be seen that the bending strength of the composite material is maintained at a relatively high value when the content is 5 wt% or less, especially 3 wt% or less.

From the results of these cutting tests and bending tests, alumina
The amount of particles with a particle size of 150μ or more contained in an aggregate of silica fibers is 5W to ensure machinability and strength of the composite material.
It can be seen that the content is preferably t% or less, particularly 3wt% or less, and preferably 1wt% or less.

Example 4 As shown in Table 4 below, 47wt%△120a
, 52 wt% SiOt, the remainder being oxides such as Feze3. The amount of mullite crystals was set to 36 wt%. Using the alumina-silica fibers treated in this way, [1]
For E2 and F3, C was compression molded using a mold after air forming Pi, and F4 was compression molded using a mold with colloidal silica as a binder, as shown in Table 4 below. 4H
MflK product 41(1) 80 x 80 x 20ms+
(7) A mitt molded body was formed.

Next, using the thus formed fiber molded body, the same high-pressure casting method as in Example 1 described in E (melting temperature at 740°C) was carried out.
, pressure applied to the molten metal 1500 kMIllQ) [Aluminum alloy (AI -4,5wt%Ct1-0,4w
A composite material using t%M□) as a matrix metal was manufactured. However, for composite materials in which the volume percentage of alumina-silica fibers is 25% and 34%, the fiber molded body is made of 6 ml to ensure that the molten aluminum alloy penetrates well into the fiber molded body.
Preheated to 00°C - high pressure vI construction was carried out.

After performing To heat treatment on the composite materials thus formed, each composite material has a total length of 52 mm and a parallel part height of 25 m+.
a, Parallel part diameter 51I1m1 Chuck part quality at both ends 10
A tensile test piece with a jack part diameter of 8 mm was formed by machining. In this case, the @ lines of each tensile test piece were formed in 111 lines on the X-V plane in FIG. Using the tensile test piece thus formed, a tensile test was conducted at a strain rate of 1 m/main. Furthermore, for comparison [
Aluminum alloy (Al-4,5wt%Cu-0,4wt
%M(+) only. A tensile test was also conducted on the heat-treated test piece (Eo). The results of this tensile test are shown in FIG.

From Figure 12, by reinforcing aluminum-silica fiber containing mullite crystals with C aluminum alloy, ? 1
- The tensile strength of aluminum alloy as a lix metal increases, especially as the volume fraction of alumina-silica fiber increases, the tensile strength of C composite increases linearly, and the volume of aluminum t-silica tJ fiber increases. If the rate is relatively high,
It can be seen that tensile strength comparable to that of steel can be obtained.

Example 5 49wt%Δlt produced by blowing method
Alumina-silica fibers having a composition of O3, 51wt%5ift were heat treated to reduce the amount of mullite crystals to 44w.
It was closed by t%. Fibers with a length of 60 mm or more were selected from these alumina-silicon fibers, and after completely removing non-fibrillated particles, they were cut into lengths of 60 mm, and these fibers were soaked in distilled water and then washed with -li. Compression molding was performed using gold 11°J with the direction of Fld. The average fiber diameter of the alumina-silica strip was 9.3μ. The thus shrink-molded Flumina-silica fiber Mt East was placed together with the mold in a freezer at 30°C, and after the distilled water impregnated into the fiber bundle was prevented from freezing, the fiber bundle was taken out from the mold. As shown in FIG. 13, the xJ method of <60
A cloth molded body 9 was obtained.

These fibrous molded bodies were manufactured using one method: 60 x 20 x 10 IDIm.
It was placed in a stainless steel case with a plate thickness of 1 mIR, and the fiber formed body together with the case was heated to 700'C to completely remove moisture by evaporation, followed by high-pressure casting as shown in Figure 2. Place it in the mold of the device, and use the Takatsuji casting method (molten metal temperature a 740°C) in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
A composite material was manufactured using unidirectionally oriented alumino-silica fibers as reinforcing fibers and an aluminum alloy as a matrix metal under a pressure of 1500 k (1/am') against the molten metal.

The thus produced composite material was subjected to T6 heat treatment, and a tensile test piece with the same η method and shape as the W case of Example 4 with the fiber orientation in the 0° direction was formed by machining, and each test was performed. A tensile test was conducted on the piece in the direction of fiber orientation O°. As a result of this tensile test, the fiber orientation O° force direction tensile strength of composite materials with fiber volume fractions of 46% and 58% was 58 kO/11112.66 k (
1/al12. These values are based on the aluminum alloy (AI-4, vt% CLI -0) subjected to the 1-mo heat treatment shown in Example 4 above.
,4wt%M(1) tensile strength 33 ko/ll1
The value is about 218 compared to m2.

This example shows that 40% or more, which is difficult to achieve even when the silica fibers on aluminum containing mullite crystals are long fibers and are oriented in one direction, and when the reinforcing U & cord is short fibers. It can be seen that high strength can be obtained with a composite material reinforced with alumina-silica fibers containing mullite crystals even when the fiber volume fraction is .

Example 6 55wt%8l 03.45wt%S to 2! Should alumina-silica fibers with a shoulder composition of 02 be subjected to grain removal treatment?
By reducing the amount of particles with a particle size of 150μ or more by 0.2
%, then heat treatment to reduce the amount of mullite crystals to 62wt%.
Closed. Next, the alumina-silica fibers and copper alloy (Cu-10wt%Sn
) powder was weighed, a small amount of B1o)-1 ethanol was added thereto, and the mixture was mixed in a Star Two for about 30 minutes. After drying the resulting mixture at 80°C for 5 hours, the mixture of the specified size was filled into a mold having a cavity with cross-sectional dimensions of 15°02x6.5:2+m, and the mixture of It was molded into a plate by batch compression at a pressure of 4000 k(]/-yp'.Then, each plate was molded in a batch type sintering furnace set in an atmosphere of decomposed ammonia gas (dew point -30'C). The shaped body was sintered by heating at 770° C. for 30 minutes, and then slowly cooled in a cooling zone in a sintering furnace to produce a composite ◆4-1')'Xi.

Thus, iq et al h tally O+A tl J, form 71-J y ri test 1t for the ri friction 1 test, and -[
Bearing steel (JIS
] 52 grade S U J 2) The cylindrical test j1 of the 1lV710) was compared with the phase f member and the wear test was 1-1.
The results of this wear test are shown in Figure 14.
, and the -t half represents the amount of wear (wear reduction toughness) of a cylindrical test piece of +IJL member C.

From Figure 14, the wear of the composite material reinforced with aluminum-1-silica fibers containing mullite crystals decreases dramatically when the volume fraction of the alumino-silica fibers is about 0.5%, and Wear resistance of materials i! It can be seen that in order to ensure L-, the volume fraction of the alumina-silica fiber is preferably 0.5% or more, particularly 1.0% or more, [-1, and even 2.0% or more L-. Furthermore, it can be seen that when the volume fraction of the alumino-silica fiber is increased to 0.5% or more, there is no actual increase in the volume fraction of the alumino-silica fiber.

Example 7 55wt%Al t O3, 45wt%S! It has a composition of
μ, 2.011111, and the amount of mullite crystals is 0)w
t%, and the amount of particles with a particle size of 150μ or more contained in the fiber aggregate is Q, 11t%. A fiber molded product (with a fiber volume ratio of 7.8%) is made by vacuum forming using alumina-silica fibers with a volume ratio of 7.8%. 80 x 80
Magnesium alloy (ASTM standard A791
) was used as a matrix metal to produce a composite material.

A block specimen for a wear test was formed from the composite material formed as described above, and a bearing steel (JTS standard S U J 2) hardness Hv71 was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above.
A wear test was conducted using a cylindrical test piece manufactured by 0.0) as a mating member. As a result of this wear test, the amount of wear of the above-mentioned composite material (block test piece) was 25μ, and it was recognized that this composite material has excellent wear resistance. For comparison purposes, a magnesium alloy (A
When a similar wear test was conducted on a 10-piece test piece made only of srM standard ΔZ91), the 10-piece test piece wore out slowly several minutes after the start of the test, and the test could not be continued beyond wear. was not possible. In addition, a composite material of magnesium alloy (ΔSTM standard AZ91) reinforced with alumina-silica mmi with the same specifications as the above-mentioned example except that it is amorphous with no precipitated mullite crystals was cast using a high-pressure casting method. As a result, the fibers deteriorated slowly due to the reaction between the alumina-silica fibers and the molten magnesium alloy, and the wear resistance of this composite material was significantly lower than that of the above-mentioned examples. It was recognized that

From your working examples and comparative examples, we found that alumina-silica fibers with precipitated mullite crystals are chemically stable, and deteriorate even when the matrix metal is a metal with a strong tendency to form oxides, such as magnesium and its alloys. There will be no loss,
It can be seen that it fully functions as a reinforcing fiber.

Example 8 A fiber molded body (80 x 80 x 20
mm), and using these fiber molded bodies, zinc alloy (JI
A composite material was manufactured in which matrix metals were S standard ZDCI), pure lead (purity 99.8%), and tin alloy (JIS standard WJ2).

The temperatures of the molten zinc alloy, pure lead, and tin alloy were 500°C, 410°C, and 330°C, respectively.

Block specimens for wear tests were cut from the composite material thus produced, and the block specimens were subjected to the same conditions as in Example 1 (1f4, contact surface pressure 5
kQ/mn+2) bearing steel (J■S standard SUJ
2) When a wear test was conducted for 30 minutes using a cylindrical test piece made of lv710 (hardness) as a mating member, the wear amount of each composite material was the same as that of a buttress made only of zinc alloy, pure lead, and tin alloy as matrix metals. Compared to the wear of the 1-piece test piece, they are 3%, 0.1%, and 2%, respectively.
The wear resistance of composite materials can be significantly improved if alumina-silica fibers containing lead alloys, pure lead, and tin alloys are used as helical metals. It was recognized that

L'1. In Section 7, C described the present invention in detail with respect to several examples in comparison with comparative examples; however, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and within the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various embodiments are possible. For example, when the alumina-silica fibers containing mullite crystals are long fibers, the alumina-silica fibers may be oriented in any direction other than the unidirectional orientation as in Example 5 above, depending on the properties required for the composite material. It may be used in any orientation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the fiber orientation state of the MltIlt molded body.FIM
Fig. 2 is an IL illustration showing the manufacturing process of composite material by high pressure casting method, Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the solidified body formed by the high pressure # in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an alumina - Murai in silica fibers 1 - A graph showing the relationship between the amount of crystals and the hardness of alumina-silica fibers. Figures 5 and 6 show the results of wear tests using bearing steel and spheroidal graphite cast iron as mating members, respectively. Graphs showing the amount of mullite crystals on the horizontal axis, Figures 7 and 8 show the relationship between the bending strength of the composite material and the amount of mullite crystals at room temperature and 250°C, respectively. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of wear tests conducted using bearing steel as a mating member for composite material 4'31, in which alumina-silica fibers of various compositions and amounts of mullite crystals are reinforced and aluminum alloy is used as a matrix metal. Figure 11 is a graph showing the amount of wear on the flank of the cutting tool when various composite materials containing different amounts of particles with a particle size of 150 μm or more are cut with a carbide cutting tool. A graph showing the bending strength of various composite materials. Figure 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the volume fraction of alumina-silica fibers and the tensile strength of the composite material. Figure 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the volume fraction of alumina-silica fibers and the tensile strength of the composite material. A perspective view showing an oriented fiber molded body, and FIG. 14 shows the results of wear tests conducted on composite materials made of copper alloys reinforced with alumina-silica fibers of various volume fractions, using bearing steel as a mating member. This is a graph showing 1...1 iAN molded body, 1'...11 composite material, 2...
... Alumina-silica fiber, 3... Mold, 4... Seventh-F II Pity, 5... Molten metal, 6... Plunger, 7... Solidified body, 8... Aluminum two- Silica fiber, 9...Fiber molded product patent Applicant: Inrite Babcock Refractory Co., Ltd. Representative: Patent attorney Masaaki Akaishi No. 17 Figure 3 Figure 2 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 8 Mullite N crystal ff1l Cod River Fig. 9 Mud IC operation ==E Fig. 11 First-born G with grain size 150/L or more (wt%) Fig. 12 Figure 13

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) 35-65wt% Al_2O_3, 65-35w
Alumina having a composition of t%SiO_2, 0 to 10wt% other components, and the amount of mullite crystals is 15wt% or more
Silica fibers with a particle size of 15 contained in the aggregate
The reinforcing fiber is an alumina-silica fiber with a non-fibrous particle content of 0 μ or more and 5 wt% or less, and is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin, and alloys containing these as main components. The metal is a matrix metal, and the volume fraction of the alumina-silica fiber is 0.5.
% or more of alumina-silica fiber reinforced metal composite material. (2) The alumina-silica fiber reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the alumina-silica fiber has a mullite crystal content of 19 wt% or more. material. (3) In the alumina-silica fiber reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1 or 2, the content of non-fibrous particles with a particle size of 150μ or less contained in the alumina-silica fiber aggregate is An alumina-silica fiber reinforced metal composite material characterized by having an alumina-silica fiber reinforced metal composite material of 1 wt% or less.