JPS61192859A - Guide vane opening and closing device of cylinder water turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need for a guide ring and to simplify guide vane control mechanism decrease the weight of the mechanism, by a method wherein a servo motor for controlling a guide vane is disposed in an annular space formed by the outer periphery of a main shaft and the inner periphery of an inner case. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical water turbine is provided within a headrace cylinder (guide vane case) 5, through which pressure water is fed, with an inner cylinder (inner case) 7, being a non-rotation part, and a guide vane 6 is rotatably mounted to the water turbine by means of bearings 5-1 and 5-2 respectively located between the two case 5 and 7. An annular space 8 is formed between the outer periphery of a main shaft 3 and each of the inner case 7 and the inner peripery of an inner case part 9 on the upper stream side connected to the case 7, and a servo motor, formed with a piston drum part 22, secured to the inner wall of the inner case 7, and a cylinder 23, being axially slidable, is disposed in the space 8. And a guide vane 6 is rotated by means of a link 17 and a lever 16 through movement of the cylinder 23.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine, and is particularly suitable for storing a guide vane operating mechanism in a cylindrical water turbine to make it compact and simple. This invention relates to a guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine.

[Background of the invention]

Regarding a guide vane operating mechanism for a propeller water wheel related to a cylindrical water wheel, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 52-125648 is disclosed.

According to this publication, when opening and closing the guide vane, a bearing ball is inserted between the guide ring and the bearing. Although this reduces the frictional force generated between the guide ring and the bearing, in order to open and close the guide vane, the power generated from the servo motor installed outside the turbine body is required. The above-mentioned power was transmitted to the guide ring through these mechanisms, and the power was transmitted through links, pins, levers, etc. that connected the guide ring and guide vane. However, this would increase the size of the entire device, and this point was not taken into account.・For example, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 44-26001, a gate ring (
There are some models that simplify the structure of the guide ring) by devising the structure at the connection part with the guide vane lever.
When opening and closing the guide vanes, please use the
There was a problem similar to the example of Publication No. 2-125648.

For example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-40658, there is a device in which a guide vane adjustment device is housed within an inner guide vane ring so that the guide vane is controlled from within the inner guide vane ring.

In the example in the publication, a servomotor, which serves as the operating force source for opening and closing the guide vane, is installed in a part of the space inside the inner guide vane ring, with the same shape as that of the conventional known technology. This is what I did.

Therefore, it becomes necessary to set the diameter of the inner guide vane ring large, and in order to allow a certain amount of water to flow between the inner guide vane ring and the outer case, the inner diameter of the outer case must be set large for this purpose. In addition, the guide vane adjustment device for mechanically connecting the servo motor and guide vane is complicated, including the guide vane, resulting in an increase in installation space and No consideration was given to the complexity of assembling and maintaining each part of the mechanism.

For example, although it does not apply to a guide vane operating mechanism, a means for rotating a movable blade as a power source for a servo motor is described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 55-83260.

In the servo motor described in this publication, the piston component is fixed to one end of the main shaft that is constantly rotating during operation of the water turbine, and rotates together with the main shaft or propeller, and the servo motor contains a liquid that rotates with the main shaft. The hydraulic pressure supplied from the pressure supply pipe is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder to cause the piston to reciprocate in the axial direction of the main shaft.

In this device, without exception, along with the main shaft.

Because hydraulic pressure must be supplied into the cylinder while the piston is rotating and the hydraulic pressure supply pipe is also rotating, the structure of the hydraulic pressure supply method becomes complicated.
Further, it is necessary to supply hydraulic pressure into the cylinder via a plurality of hydraulic pressure supply pipes that rotate together with the main shaft, and this also complicates the structure, which has not been sufficiently considered.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and includes a servo motor for operating a guide vane formed in an annular space formed by the outer periphery of the main shaft and the inner periphery of the inner case. The object of the present invention is to provide a guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine that can rationally generate operating force for a guide vane stem, eliminate the need for a guide ring, and simplify and reduce the weight of a guide vane operating mechanism.

[Summary of the invention]

The configuration of the guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine according to the present invention is such that an inner cylinder, which is a non-rotating part that blocks contact between the pressure water and the main shaft, is provided in the water guide cylinder through which pressure water is fed, and the inner cylinder wall A guide vane is rotatably attached to the cylindrical wall of the water guide cylinder via a guide vane stem, and the guide vane is used to adjust the increase/decrease in the amount of water to the runner of the cylindrical water turbine in response to load fluctuations of the cylindrical water turbine. In a guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine, a cross-sectional shape is formed in a donut shape in an annular space formed by the outer periphery of the main shaft and the inner periphery of the inner cylinder, and the cross section of the piston member or the cylinder member is A servo motor, one of which is fixed to the inner cylinder wall and the other of which is reciprocated in the axial direction, and a transmission means that converts the reciprocating motion in the axial direction by the servo motor into rotation of the guide vane stem. It is something that

As an additional note, the present invention aims to simplify and reduce the weight of the servo motor mechanism for opening and closing the guide vanes of a single cylindrical water turbine, especially for horizontal shaft types. Focusing on maximizing the use of the annular space that exists in The structure is such that every other stem has a change in the length of the stem.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

First, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along arrow A in FIG. It is a sectional view taken along arrow B.

This example describes a guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine, which is a typical example of a cylindrical water turbine.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a propeller related to a runner of a water turbine;
2 is a propeller boss, 3 is a main shaft that rotates a generator (not shown) by rotation of the propeller 2, and 4 is a propeller case.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a guide vane case related to a water pipe connected to a water pipe of a water turbine, and this guide vane case 5 is connected to the propeller case 4 via a flange.

6 is a guide vane, and this guide vane 6 is connected to a bearing 5-1 provided on the cylindrical wall of the guide vane case 5 and a bearing 5-2 provided on the cylindrical wall of the inner case, which will be described next, via a guide vane stem. It is rotatably mounted and supported.

The guide vane 6 is opened and closed in order to adjust the amount of water impinging on the propeller 1 in response to changes in the load of the propeller water turbine.

Reference numeral 7 indicates an inner case related to an inner cylinder that blocks contact between pressurized water introduced into the guide vane case and the main shaft 3, and reference numeral 9 indicates an upstream inner case portion connected to the inner case 7 related to the inner cylinder. , 10 is a support plate fixed to the inner peripheral side of the guide vane case 5, and the other end of the support plate 10 is attached to the guide vane case 5.
The inner case 7 is fixed to the inner case 7 located in the center of the inner case 7.

As a result, each part of the guide vane case 5, support plate 10° inner case 7, and upstream inner case part 9 remains stationary and rotates once, regardless of whether the propeller water turbine is in operation or stopped. Never.

In this way, an annular space 8 is formed between the outer periphery of the main shaft 3 and the inner periphery of the inner case 7 and the upstream inner case portion 9.

In this annular space 8, as will be described in detail next, there is provided a servo motor having a doughnut-shaped cross-section and whose dowel member reciprocates in the axial direction.

A transmission means for switching the axial reciprocating motion by the servo motor to the opening/closing motion of the guide vane 6 is provided inside.

Second, the servo motor is a hydraulic pressure generating means that serves as a source of operating force for opening and closing the guide vanes.

The configuration of the servo motor will be explained.

A flange 7-1 is formed at the upstream end of the inner case 7, and a piston flange 22-1 of the piston body 22 is connected to the flange 9-1 formed at the upstream inner case portion 9. is inserted and installed, and these three are bolts (not shown).

It is fastened and fixed with nuts etc.

A piston 22 - 2 is formed integrally with the piston body 22 at the other end thereof.

A cylinder inner cylinder 23 is provided on the inner diameter side of the piston 22-2.
-1 is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the main shaft 3, and if the inner diameter of the cylinder inner cylinder 23 is dr and the outer diameter of the main shaft 3 is D, then the dimensional relationship dr>D is maintained. A cylinder 23 is formed on the outer diameter side of the cylinder inner tube 23. These cylinders 23, cylinder inner cylinder 23-1
The other end is closed by a cylinder cover 21, and the internal workings of the cylinder 23 are sealed against outside air.

In this way, the servo motor consisting of a piston and a cylinder has a donut-shaped cross-section inside the annular space 8.

26-1.26-2 indicates a hydraulic pipe for applying hydraulic pressure to the servo motor.

At the other end of the cylinder cover 21, that is, on the guide vane 6 side, a bracket 20 is connected to a link 17 via a pin 19, and the link 17 is connected to the lever 1 via a pin 18.
6, the lever 16 is fitted with the stem of the guide vane 6, and constitutes a transmission means that converts the axial reciprocating motion generated by the servo motor into rotation of the guide vane stem.

Next, the operation of the guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine having such a configuration will be explained.

Pressure water flowing down inside the water pipe of the water turbine is introduced into the guide vane case 5, becomes a flow shown by the arrow p, and collides with the propeller 1 installed in the propeller case 4.
Propeller boss 2. Power is generated by rotating the main shaft 3° and a generator installed at the other end of the main shaft 3 (not shown).

At this time, it is necessary to open and close the guide vanes 6 to increase or decrease the amount of water impinging on the propeller 1 each time the load on the generator increases or decreases.

Therefore, in order to operate the servo motor, as shown in FIG. 1, hydraulic pressure p is supplied to the hydraulic pressure pipe 26-1 and applied to the left side surface of the piston 22-2 in the drawing. At this time, the left side surface of the piston 22-2 and the cylinder inner cylinder 2
If the fluid pressure that can now be generated between the surface of 3-1 is F, then F, = π/4 (dpx"-d-") Pa
A hydraulic pressure corresponding to , is generated. Here, d, □ are the outer diameter d of the piston barrel 22 and the outer diameter of the cylinder inner cylinder 23-1.

Piston 22-2. The piston flange 22-1 at the other end of the piston body 22 is inserted and fixed between the flange 7-1 of the inner case 7 and the flange 9-1 of the inner cylinder 9, so that the piston 22-2Φ surface Even if it receives a hydraulic pressure p0 at , hydraulic pressure F0, cylinder cover 21, bracket 20%
It is transmitted to the lever 16 via the link 17 and pins 18 and 19 to rotate the guide vane 6.

The operating range of the cylinder 23 at this time is the guide vane 6
It corresponds to the symbol Q, which corresponds to the required opening and closing angles.

Next, in order to return the position of the cylinder 23 from the above-mentioned position to the illustrated position, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pressure pipe 26-1, which is currently supplying the hydraulic pressure p0, is guided to the discharge port and then Hydraulic pressure p0
supply. At this time, the hydraulic pressure pH acts on the surface side of the piston 22-2, and the hydraulic pressure generated at this time is F0'
Then, F0'=π/4 (dpt"d-")P
This corresponds to a.

Since the piston 22-2 is fixed as described above, the cylinder members such as the cylinder 23, the cylinder inner tube 23-1, and the cylinder cover 21 move counteractively to the right in the drawing to reach the positions shown in the drawing.

By transmitting the hydraulic pressure FatF,' explained above to the lever 16, the guide vane 6 can be opened and closed.

Next, a connection mechanism of the transmission means for converting the axial reciprocating motion by the servo motor into rotation of the guide vane stem will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1. FIG.

Inner stem 6-1.6- of guide vane 6 shown in FIG.
2 is usually composed of 14 to 24 water turbines per water turbine, but one water turbine is alternately arranged so that the protrusion length toward the center of the inner diameter side of the inner case 7 has a relationship of ml) m2. It is a long and short array.

Here, ml: Projection length of the inner stem 6-1 m2: Projection length of the inner stem 6-2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the cylinder cover 21 is transmitted to the bracket 20, the bottle 19, the link 17.
The signal is transmitted to the lever 16 via the pin 18, and the guide vane 6 is rotated by an amount corresponding to the angle θ, with its center of rotation being C.

The torque T for rotating the guide vane 6 is calculated as T=F, (F
, ' ) x r, k. Here, k represents an operating force transmission coefficient that varies depending on the angle of the rotation direction of the lever.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 2, the diameter Dc of the inner case 7 of the propeller water turbine can be improved by making the diameter Dc as small as possible.
c is formed as small as possible.

However, due to the hydraulic pressure Fll (Fl,'), the generated torque at the center C of the guide vane 6 is Fo(F0
' ) is kept constant, generating as much pressure as possible allows the effective inner diameter area of the hydraulic pressure generating servo motor in the guide vane operating mechanism to be set small. As a means of realizing this, the torque T that can be generated at the center C of the guide vane 6 is compared when the length of the inner stem 6-1.6-2 of the guide vane 6 is m 1 '' m 2 . , when the diameter Dc of the inner case 7 is constant, the length of the inner stems 6-1, 6-2 of the guide vane 6 is set to m, ) m2 for every other stem so that the inner stem 6-1, 6-2 can be generated the most. The long and short relationships are arranged so that r of the lever 16 shown in FIG. 3 can be set to the largest value.

According to this embodiment, the volume of the annular space 8 formed by the outside of the main shaft 3 and the inner periphery of the inner case 7 is used to form a servo motor for operating the guide vane, thereby eliminating the need for installing a guide ring. There is.

Even if the large diameter Dc of the inner case 7 is made as small as possible, the volume of the annular space 8 formed between the inner case 7 and the main shaft 3 can be effectively used to control the lever for operating the guide vane.
A mechanism such as a link can be installed.

Moreover, since the operating force of the guide vane stem can be generated rationally, the guide vane operating mechanism can be simplified and lightened, reducing the number of parts of the operating mechanism including the guide vane by approximately 30%. This has the effect of reducing these weights by about 40% and manufacturing costs by about 20%.

As explained with reference to FIG. 1, the servo motor described above is inserted into the annular space 8 formed between the inner case 7 on the fixed side and the main shaft 3, and is removed so that its cross-sectional shape is doughnut-shaped. , and is constructed with the piston side fixed, but see Figure 4 for a system that has the same function as this, with the cylinder side of the servo motor being the fixed side and the piston side being the movable side. and explain.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention, and in the figure,
Components with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are equivalent to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, so their explanation will be omitted.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which hydraulic pressure p0 is supplied to the hydraulic pressure pipe 26-2 and acts on the back surface of the piston 25-1, that is, the right side surface in the drawing, showing the cylinder 24 and the cylinder inner pipe 24-2. are fixed to the cylinder flange 24-1, respectively, and the cylinder flange 24-1 is inserted and installed between the flange 7-1 provided on the inner case 7 and the flange 9-1 of the inner cylinder 9. The three parts are fastened and fixed by bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown).

Therefore, the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pressure pipe 26-2 and acting on the back surface of the piston 25-1 causes the piston to
5-1, the piston barrel 25, the piston cover 25-2, etc. are maintained in the illustrated positions.

In order to move the piston 25-1 rightward from this state, the hydraulic pressure within the hydraulic pressure pipe 26-2 is guided to the discharge port, and hydraulic pressure p0 is supplied to the hydraulic pressure pipe 26-1 side.

At this time, the hydraulic pressure p0 acts on the surface side of the piston 25-1, and if the hydraulic pressure generated at this time is F0', then F
This corresponds to ll'=π/4 (d, 1''-d,'') Pa. Here, d2: the outer diameter d of the piston body 25, the outer diameter of the Nijilinder inner tube 24-2.Since the cylinder 24, cylinder inner tube 24-2, etc. are fixed as described above, the piston 25- 1, piston side 25, piston cover 25-3. Bracket 20. The link 17 and the like move to the right with a hydraulic pressure F0', and this amount of movement is transmitted to the lever 16 shown in FIG.
is rotated using bearings 5-1 and 5-2 shown in FIG. 4 as sliding surfaces. The operating range of the piston 25-1 at this time is a symbol a corresponding to the necessary opening and closing angles of the guide vane 6.
corresponds to Even if the cylinder side is set as the fixed side in this way, the structure of the inner stem 6-1, 6-2 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is the same as when the piston side of the servo motor is set as the fixed side.

As described above, according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
Exactly the same effects as in the embodiment shown in the figure are expected.

In addition, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine was explained, but the present invention is applicable to the following:
It is not limited to propeller water turbines, but is intended for cylindrical water turbines that are expected to have the same effect, and is a general-purpose mechanism that operates the opening and closing of guide vanes to adjust the amount of water to the runner. be.

In addition, the shape and structure of the piston and cylinder member of the servo motor, the mechanism of the transmission means that converts the axial reciprocating motion of the servo motor into rotation of the guide vane, and the shape of each part are limited to those in this embodiment. However, this does not preclude the adoption of other mechanisms or shapes as long as equivalent effects are expected.

Furthermore, in each of the embodiments described above, the inner cylinder is divided into the inner case 7 and the upstream inner case part 9, and each flange 7-1.9-
1, the flange of one piston or cylinder member is inserted and joined, but the inner cylinder is integrally molded,
It is also possible to secure the piston or cylinder part from the inside.

However, in general, it is convenient for assembly to adopt the configuration of the above-described embodiment.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to one aspect of the present invention, the servo motor for operating the guide vane is formed within the annular space formed by the outer station of the main shaft and the inner periphery of the inner case.

It is possible to provide a guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine which can reasonably generate operating force for a guide vane stem, eliminate the need for a guide ring, and simplify and reduce the weight of a guide vane operating mechanism.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along arrow A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along arrow B in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a guide vane opening/closing device for a propeller water turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is. 1... Propeller, 3... Main shaft, 5... Guide vane case, 5-1.5-2... Bearing, 6... Guide vane, 6-1.6-2... Inside Stem, 7... Inner case, 7-1... Flange, 8... Annular space,
9... Upstream inner case part, 9-1... Flange,
16...Lever. 17...Link, 18.19...Bin, 20...
Bracket, 21...Cylinder cover, 22.25
...Piston side, 22-1...Piston flange,
23゜24...Cylinder, 23-1.24-2...
・Cylinder inner cylinder, 24-1...Cylinder flange, 25-1...Piston, 25-2...Piston cover, 1st mouth 3rd 4th

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inner cylinder, which is a non-rotating part that blocks contact between the pressurized water and the main shaft, is provided in the water guide cylinder through which pressure water is fed, and the inner cylinder wall and the cylinder wall of the water guide cylinder are connected to each other. A guide vane is rotatably attached to the cylindrical water turbine via a guide vane stem, and the guide vane is opened and closed in order to adjust the amount of water to the runner of the cylindrical water turbine in response to load fluctuations of the cylindrical water turbine. In the guide vane opening/closing device, a cross-sectional shape is formed in a donut shape in an annular space formed by an outer periphery of the main shaft and an inner periphery of the inner cylinder, and either a piston member or a cylinder member is attached to the inner cylinder wall. A cylindrical cylinder, characterized in that it is provided with a servo motor fixed to the servo motor and one of the others reciprocating in the axial direction, and a transmission means for converting the axial reciprocating motion by the servo motor into rotation of the guide vane stem. Guide vane opening/closing device for water turbines. 2. In the device described in claim 1, the transmission means for switching the axial reciprocating motion by the servo motor to rotation of the guide vane stems is connected in the inner diameter direction of the inner cylinder wall of the plurality of guide vane stems. A guide vane opening/closing device for a cylindrical water turbine whose protrusion lengths are arranged in an alternately long and short arrangement.