JPS6117355Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] This invention relates to a grain dryer, and in particular, a preheating section is provided just before the drying section, and a first moisture meter and a second moisture meter are installed across the drying section to measure the moisture content of the grain. The present invention relates to a grain dryer that improves drying efficiency by setting the hot air temperature according to the temperature of the grain.

The set temperature Tc, which is the control target for the hot air temperature Tb, is
Generally, it is desirable to set it as high as possible in order to obtain high drying efficiency while taking care not to cause grain quality deterioration. And this set temperature Tc
In order to determine this, it is necessary to accurately grasp the grain moisture value over time and determine an appropriate temperature according to the grain moisture value, and by doing so, efficiency can be improved.

However, conventional dryers do not have a structure to accurately measure the moisture value of grain before and after drying, and even if such data is obtained, they do not have a structure to perform efficient drying. It has been desired to improve the problem of not being able to achieve efficient drying.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention was to measure the grain moisture value at two locations, before and after the drying section, change the hot air temperature according to the measurement results, and preheat immediately before the drying section, thereby reducing the tempering time. The purpose is to shorten the drying time and improve drying efficiency without compromising quality such as shell cracking.

In order to achieve the above object, this invention includes a preheating section provided immediately before the drying section, a first moisture meter that measures the first moisture value M1 of the grain before drying, and a second moisture value M2 of the grain after drying. a second moisture meter to be measured;
a determining means for determining whether or not the moisture value M1 has reached a predetermined value; and determining an hourly drying loss rate in accordance with the determination value of this determining means, and determining the hourly drying loss rate and the first moisture value M1. The present invention is characterized by providing a comparison means for comparing the difference in the second moisture value M2, and a control means for determining the hot air temperature and the suitability of executing the preheating process based on the comparison result of the comparison means.

This invention will be explained below based on the illustrated embodiment.

In FIG. 1, the grain dryer 2 has, from above, a roof part 4, a storage part 6, a preheating part 8 specially provided for this invention, a drying part 10, a grain collecting part 12, and a drying part 10. The grains put into the hopper 16 of the machine 14 are lifted up and are evenly dropped into the storage section 6 by the upper conveyance means 18. The grains that have fallen into this storage section 6 pass through a preheating section 8, a drying section 10, and a grain collection section 1.
2, the grains are transferred to the lower part of the grain lifting machine 14 by the lower conveying means 20, and then lifted up again by the grain lifting machine 14, repeating the cycle to dry the grains.

The preheating section 8 has a preheating burner 22 and a pressure fan 24. Further, a first moisture meter 26 is provided at the bottom of the storage section 6 and immediately before the preheating section 8 . This first moisture meter 26 is for detecting the first moisture value M1 of the grain before drying. Further, a second moisture meter 28 is provided on the side of the grain lifting machine 14. This second moisture meter 28 has a second moisture value M2 which is the moisture value of the grain after drying.
This is to detect.

Further, the drying section 10 is provided with a hot air fan 30 and an exhaust fan 32. Further, a blind plate 34 having no ventilation holes is provided at the boundary between the preheating section 8 and the drying section 10 as an air path side plate to prevent hot air from the drying section 10 from entering the preheating section 8 unnecessarily.

Note that the preheating section 8 is provided with a hot air generator such as a preheating burner as described above, but no exhaust fan is provided on the opposite side, and the hot air used in this preheating section is directed to the drying section 10 located below. The air is configured to flow through the drying section to the exhaust fan 32 side.

FIG. 5 shows the operation of the control device more specifically in the form of a flowchart.

First, when the operation switch is turned on, drying starts 100 and various motors start. Then,
The burner drive circuit operates, turns on the ignition heater, opens the ignition valve for a predetermined period of time, and drives the burner fan motor while supplying oil to the burner with the pump, resulting in burner ignition 101.

Next, the second moisture value M2 of the grain obtained from the second moisture meter 28 and the stop moisture set value are compared by the comparing means. This second moisture value M2 is the stop moisture value
When reaching Ms, the burner is extinguished 112, various motors are stopped 113, and drying is completed 114.

On the other hand, in the comparison 102, the second moisture value M
2 has not reached the stop moisture value Ms, the detected values from various sensors are input 103. That is, the outside air temperature Ta is obtained from the outside air temperature sensor, the outside air humidity Hd is obtained from the outside air humidity sensor, the hot air temperature Tb is obtained from the hot air temperature sensor, and the first moisture value M is obtained from the first moisture meter 26.
1, and the second moisture value M from the second moisture meter 28.
2, the stop moisture value from the stop moisture value setting switch.
Ms, grain amount C from the grain amount setting switch,
Then, each numerical value of the grain temperature Tp is inputted from the grain temperature sensor.

Next, the standard hot air temperature Tc is calculated 104, and it is compared 105 whether the grain amount C is less than a predetermined value, for example, scale 2 indicating the minimum throughput of the dryer.

In this comparison 105, if the grain amount C is below scale 2, there is no need to increase the hot air temperature, so the process proceeds to 106 and burner control is performed at the hot air temperature Tc. Next, set the preheating temperature of the preheating section 8 to 35
Set to 107°C. In other words, grain amount C is scale 2
In the following cases, the tempering time will be equal to zero, so the temperature of the preheating section 8 should be 35° C., taking into account the degree that does not affect the taste and germination, and sensor error. Compare 108 to see if the grain temperature is 38°C or higher. Here, if the grain temperature is 38°C or higher, the preheating burner control is turned OFF124. Furthermore, if the grain temperature has not reached 38°C, the preheating burner control is turned ON109.

It also checks 110 whether the various safety switches are operating, and if there is a problem, the process branches to 125, displays this on the OK monitor display, calls an error handling routine, and performs error handling 126.

If there is no problem in the safety device activation check 110, it is determined 111 whether the sampling timer Ts has timed out. If the time has not exceeded, the comparison 105 of the grain amount C
jump to continue drying. When the sampling timer Ts expires, the second moisture meter 28 again jumps to judgment 102 as to whether or not the second moisture value M2 has reached a predetermined value.

In the grain amount C comparison 105, the grain amount C
is more than scale 2, the first moisture value is 21%
A determination 115 as to whether the above is true or not is made by the determining means. When this first moisture value M1 is 21% or more, the difference between the second moisture value M2 and the first moisture value M1 is
A comparison 116 is made to see if it is 1.5% or more (that is, the 1-pass drying loss rate), and if YES, the burner control 118 is performed at the hot air temperature Tc, and the process jumps to the grain temperature check 108 of the main routine.
In the moisture value comparison 116, the first moisture value M
If the difference between 1 and the second moisture value M2 is less than 1.5%, the hot air temperature Tc is increased by 4 degrees and burner control 119 is performed using this value, and the set preheating temperature is set 122 to 40 degrees Celsius. This increases the internal water vapor pressure of the grain and improves drying efficiency. Next, the program jumps to the grain temperature check 108 of the main routine.

Further, in the check 115 as to whether the first moisture value M1 is 21% or more, the first moisture value M1 is 21% or more.
If it is smaller, a comparison 117 is performed to see if the difference between the second moisture value M2 and the first moisture value M1 is 0.7% or more (that is, the 1-pass drying loss rate), and if YES, the hot air temperature is Perform burner control 120 with Tc and check grain temperature 108 in the main routine.
jump to. In addition, in the comparison 117,
If the difference between the second moisture value M2 and the first moisture value M1 is less than 0.7%, the hot air temperature Tc is increased by 4 degrees, burner control 121 is performed, and the set preheating temperature is increased by 4 degrees.
℃ 123 and jump to the grain temperature check 108 of the main routine.

In other words, when the amount of grain is above a predetermined value (in this example, scale 2 or above, which is the minimum processing amount), the grain moisture value is checked 115 to see if it is above the predetermined value (21%), and the grain is first processed. Roughly divided into 2 groups depending on the condition, and further divided into 2 groups by taking the difference between the second moisture value M2 and the first moisture value M1, and then divided into 4 groups as a result, moisture values before drying and after drying. If the difference is small, the hot air temperature is increased and the set preheating temperature is increased, thereby increasing the internal water vapor pressure within the grain and promoting the diffusion of internal moisture to the surface.
This improves drying efficiency.

This idea is structured as above,
When grains are dried, as shown in Figure 4, the grain temperature has conventionally followed a curve shown by curve b as the drying time progresses, but with this device, the grain temperature rises at a rate shown by curve B, and even in this way, there is no problem with the grains cracking due to over-drying. Therefore, conventionally, the grains followed a drying curve shown by curve a, and it took about 14 hours (T1) to reach the final moisture value of about 15%. However, with this device, the grains follow the drying process shown by drying curve A, and the drying work can be completed in about 10 hours and 40 minutes (T2), improving the drying efficiency.

As is clear from the above explanation, this invention provides a preheating section just before the drying section, measures the grain moisture value before drying and the grain moisture value after drying, and adjusts the preheating temperature and hot air temperature according to this moisture difference. Since the structure is configured to control this, it is possible to shorten the tempering time without risking deterioration of quality such as shell cracking, contribute to energy saving, and achieve the effect of improving drying efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of the dryer according to this invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 1. A graph showing the drying efficiency with moisture % on the axis and drying time on the horizontal axis, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of this invention. In the figure, 2 is a grain dryer, 6 is a storage section, and 8 is a grain dryer.
1 is a preheating section, 10 is a drying section, 26 is a first moisture meter, and 28 is a second moisture meter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A preheating section provided immediately before the drying section, a first moisture meter that measures the first moisture value M1 of the grain before drying, and a second moisture meter that measures the second moisture value M2 of the grain after drying;
a determining means for determining whether or not the first moisture value M1 has reached a predetermined value; and determining an hourly drying rate according to the determination value of the determining means, and determining the hourly drying rate and the first moisture content. The present invention is characterized by providing a comparison means for comparing the difference between the value M1 and the second moisture value M2, and a control means for determining the hot air temperature and the suitability of executing the preheating step based on the comparison result of the comparison means. Grain dryer.