JPS61173467A - High temperature filter for cooling water of fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remarkably decrease heat loss by treating untreated water having condensed copper and iron with an ion exchange resin at low temperature, and oppositely washing a filter material with cooling water obtained by adsorbing filtering. CONSTITUTION:Part of cooling water entered a filter 21 flows out from an untreated water outlet 26 and its temperature is decreased with a heat exchanger 9 then the water is treated with an ion exchange resin tower 10 at low temperature. Since the untreated water flows along the surface of filter material 36 of the filter 21 and flows out from the filter with removing part of copper and iron trapped on the surface of filter material 36, the water which flowed out from the filter contains much copper and iron before entering the filter. When the filter material 36 is washed, a valve 31 is opened and nitrogen gas is supplied to a cooling water reservoir 25 and the cooling water enters the filter 21 through a valve 24 and a cooling water outlet 23, and flows within the filter material in an opposite direction to filtering. Thereby, copper and iron trapped in the filter material is removed and the water flows out from the untreated water outlet 26.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to high-temperature cooling water for fuel cells (high-temperature cooling water for fuel cells that captures copper, iron, etc. eluted from piping systems, heat exchangers, etc.). The present invention relates to a filter device.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems] A fuel cell is a device in which hydrogen and oxygen are subjected to a mild C2 reaction using a catalyst in a reactor, and electricity is generated from this aluminum, which is used as fuel. Since the chemical energy of hydrogen and nitrogen is directly converted into electrical energy, the theoretical power generation efficiency is over 90 S, which is higher efficiency than other power generation methods.

In this case, electricity is generated while leaving water alive due to the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, but since this time interval also occurs, the temperature in the reaction vessel is kept at 170 -
It is necessary to maintain the temperature at 230°C (230°C), and cooling water is constantly supplied to cool it.

An example of a conventional cooling water system is shown in Figure 7. In order to maintain a constant temperature inside the reactor 1, a plurality of copper cooling pipes 2 are installed in 5 units inside the reactor 1. installed and flowing cooling water.

The reason why copper is used for the cooling pipe 2 is that it has excellent thermal conductivity and is easy to process. (: Superiority is also the reason why cooling pipe 2 (: Copper is used.

Since the electric potential is applied to the cooling pipe 2 C due to the structure of the fuel cell, it is easily corroded, and also contains copper and its compounds generated from brass piping, carbon steel, stainless steel, etc. As the adhesion and accumulation progresses, a portion of the cooling pipe 2 is blocked! This results in uneven temperature distribution, which not only reduces power generation efficiency but also shortens battery life.

Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to suppress adhesion and accumulation of copper, iron, etc. to the cooling pipe 2 as much as possible (: maintain the water quality of the cooling water at a high purity). purification is being considered.

That is, the temperature of the cooling water increases in the reactor 1, and then the high-temperature liquid flows out as a mixed flow of liquid and steam, is sent to the gas-liquid separator 3, where the liquid is separated, and the steam is passed through the on-off valve 4. It is discharged through the air and used for degassing or as heat energy.

The high temperature cooling water flowing out as a liquid from the gas-liquid separator 3 is pumped to the pump 5. It passes through the on-off valve 6 and is fed into the filter 7I.

The filter 7 filters suspended suspended matter of copper and iron, colloids, ions, etc. from the high-temperature cooling water. Metal adsorbents or ion exchangers are used.

The cooling water processed by filter 7 is recycled and used in two reactors, but the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of reactor 1 is 5 to 50%.
The temperature is about 10°C, and the cooling water is also a liquid with a high temperature of 160 to 230°C.

Since the filter 7 cannot remove all the copper and iron in the cooling water, a portion of the cooling water is taken out from the circulation system through the on-off valve 8 and cooled down to 40 to 60°C by the heat exchanger 9. The resin is sent to an ion exchange resin column 10C for purification, further pressurized by a C pump 1, heated by a heater 12, and returned to a gas-liquid separator 3.

However, due to the steam discharged from the on-off valve 4, there is a shortage of cooling water! Make-up water for replenishment is added to the cooling water at the outlet side of the heat exchanger 9, purified by the ion exchange resin 10, and then supplied to the gas-liquid separator 3.

Copper and iron can be effectively removed by using the ion exchange resin tower 10, but the ion exchange resin can cool the cooling water at 40 to 60°C (
Since the treatment cannot be performed until the temperature has been lowered twice, there is a large energy loss.Considering its practicality as a fuel cell, the amount of water treated in the ion exchange resin tower must be kept as small as possible, less than 10 S of the amount of circulating water. must be kept to a minimum.

In addition, since the filter 7 absorbs nine iron and copper C2 and causes blockage of the filter medium, backflow through the washing water sea is necessary.

That is, as shown in FIG.
Backwashing is performed by opening the on-off valves 14 and 15.

When copper and iron enter deep into the filter media, the effectiveness of backwashing decreases, so it is necessary to sharpen the backwash frequently at short intervals. It is necessary to use a large amount of washing water to discharge the water out of the two units, which lowers the temperature of the cooling water, so it is necessary to heat the washing water before supplying it, and to heat the cooling water. This leads to a large amount of heat loss.

[Objective of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of low-temperature treated water in the ion-exchange resin column and suppress heat loss (in order to suppress heat loss during backwashing of the filtration material, CI, SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a high-temperature filter device for cooling water that is inserted into a circulation flow path of high-temperature cooling water that cools a reactor of a fuel cell and that filters gas-liquid separated cooling water. copper inside,
High-temperature filter device for fuel cell cooling water that adsorbs and filters iron, etc. Water is sent back and the filter media is backwashed, and the washed wastewater is sent out along the filter media. When the high-temperature filter is backwashed, the high-temperature filter is stored and sequentially sent to the reactor C of the fuel cell as cooling water. The untreated cooling water sent through the communication path of the filter is cooled by a heat exchanger, then treated with an ion exchange resin and returned to a gas-liquid separator (: a low-temperature treatment system; Equipped with a piping system that switches the flow path, this C2 condenses copper and iron in the untreated cooling water that is low-temperature treated with ion exchange resin, lowers the low-temperature treated water m, and backwashes the high-temperature filter with the cooling water. This is done using a part of the cooling water system, which greatly reduces heat loss in the cooling water system.

[Embodiments of the invention] An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, a filter 21 has a built-in cylindrical filter medium, and an inlet 22 is connected to a gas-liquid separator 3 via an on-off valve 6 and a pump 5.
The cooling water outlet 23 is connected to the cooling water storage tank 25I through an on-off valve 24, and the untreated water outlet 26 is connected to the heat exchanger 9C through an on-off valve 2'7.

The cooling water storage tank 25I is provided with a nitrogen gas supply pipe, a cooling water outflow pipe 4, and a nitrogen gas outflow pipe (equipment), and the nitrogen gas supply pipe 28 is connected to a nitrogen gas supply source (not shown) via an on-off valve 31. The cooling water outflow pipe 294-! The nitrogen gas outflow pipe 30 is connected to the cooling pipe 2 through the on-off valve 2, and the Itomo cooling water is connected to the cooling pipe 2 through the gas-liquid separation 5.
A part of the ninth pipe 32 returning to 3 [Y] is connected via the on-off valve blade.

Fig. 2F'i Fig. 1C is a sectional view of the filter 21, in which a cylindrical filter medium is installed in the container 35, and the inlet n and the cooling water are separated by the filter medium 36. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the cooling water storage tank 4 in FIG. The nitrogen gas supply pipe 4 is connected to the upper part, and the cooling water outflow pipe 2 is connected to the upper part.
9 is installed so that its tip is always immersed in the cooling water in the cooling water storage tank 5, and the nitrogen gas outflow pipe 30 is installed so that its tip is located above the tip of the cooling water outflow pipe 4 and near the water surface. has been done.

Next C: Follow the action shown in Figure 1 and make a master wing.

When removing steel and iron using the filter 21, when the on-off valves 6 and 34V are opened, the on-off valves 4, 24 and 27 are closed so that the appropriate flow rate flows.
Adjust the opening degree.

The cooling water leaving the gas-liquid separator 3 is pressurized by the pump 5, flows into the inlet n of the filter 21, is adsorbed and filtered by the filter medium 36, flows out from the cooling water storage tank, passes through the on-off valve U, and enters the cooling water storage tank. Tank 25 (two inflows).

The cooling water that flows into the cooling water storage tank 25g' passes through the cooling water outflow pipe 4, passes through the on-off valve 34, and is sent to the cooling pipe 2C2 of the reactor 1, and is sent to the battery in the reaction 61! After cooling, it passes through the piping 32 and returns to the waste separator 3 (NC) to form a circulation system.

In addition, a part of the cooling water that flows into the filter 21 (9) is not adsorbed and filtered, but flows out from the C2 untreated water outlet 26, and after being lowered in temperature in the heat exchanger 9, it is treated at a low temperature in the ion exchange resin tower 10. .

The untreated water flows along the surface f of the filter medium 36 of the filter 21 and flows out from the filter 21 while removing some of the copper and iron trapped near the surface, thereby cooling the water before entering the filter 21. Copper and iron are more concentrated than water.

Hence low temperature processing – more constant amounts of copper and iron! When the treatment is performed, the amount of water to be treated is much smaller than that of the conventional method C2 shown in FIG. 7, and the heat loss is also reduced.
34 is closed, the on-off valve 31 is opened, and nitrogen gas flows from the nitrogen gas supply source through the SIX gas supply pipe 4 to the cooling water storage tank 25.
1 unit of nitrogen gas is supplied, and this nitrogen gas turns the cooling water in the cooling water storage tank 5 into the on-off valve 24. Cooling water flows into the filter 21 through the cooling water outlet 23! The water is flowed through the filter medium 36 in the opposite direction to adsorption filtration to remove the copper and iron captured by the C in the filter medium 36, and then flowed out from the untreated water outlet 26 for low-temperature treatment.

It is effective to backwash the filter media 36 while copper and iron are near the surface of the filter media 36. The impact caused by the backflow of cooling water on the 3662 is effective (: when it is working, and backwashing for a long time is not effective.

Therefore, in order to carry out effective backwashing, it is best to set the cleaning cycle to a relatively short period of 10 minutes to 1 day, and the backwash time to a very short period of 1 second to 1 minute. It is necessary to determine the optimum conditions by taking into account the quality of the cooling water and the heat loss caused by the low temperature treatment (C2) associated with backwashing.

When the backwashing time is shortened, the sound of the washing water decreases, and the cleaning effect is significantly improved.

Furthermore, since adsorption-filtered cooling water is used as backwash water, heat loss due to heating of wash water as in the conventional method is reduced.

At the end of backwashing (2) Nitrogen gas remains in the cooling water storage tank 25, nitrogen gas flows from the cooling water outlet pipe 29 into the cooling pipe 2, and a small amount of nitrogen gas is emitted; The on-off valve 3
1, open the on-off valve 6.33 and let the nitrogen gas remaining in the cooling water storage tank 5 flow out from the nitrogen gas outflow pipe 29, then close the on-off valve north, open the on-off valve A and cool it to the cooling pipe 2. Supply water.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the untreated water flowing on the surface of the filter medium 36 is limited to a low-temperature-treated flow, and the more the water is stimulated, the more effective it is to remove copper and iron near the surface of the filter medium 36. Moreover, when backwashing the filter medium 36, the supply of cooling water to the cooling pipe 2 is stopped, albeit for a short time.

In FIG. 4, in consideration of the above problem, the cooling water flowing out from the gas-liquid separator 3 is divided between the outlet of the pump 5 and the on-off valve 6, and is routed through one pipe 42ri and the on-off valve 6. The inlet 221 of the filter 21 is connected to the other pipe 4:4 through the on-off valve 44, and the connection between the on-off valve and the cooling pipe 2 is connected, and the untreated water pipe 45 of the filter 21 is connected to the pipe 4b The piping 46 is connected to the heat exchanger 9ζ through an on-off valve 48 (the piping 47 is connected to the inlet 22 of the filter 21 through an on-off valve 50 and a pump 51).

When adsorption filtration is performed using the filter 21, the whistle 4 (Fig. 1) opens the on-off valves 6 and 24.34.48.50, and the on-off valve 31.33.44''Ik: closes.

The adsorption-filtered cooling water flows out from the cooling water outlet 26. and the untreated water flows out from the untreated water outlet 26. It passes through a pipe 45 and is branched into a pipe 46 and a pipe 47 (Y), and the untreated water flowing through the pipe 46 is adjusted by an on-off valve 48 to a flow rate for low-temperature treatment.

On the other hand, the remaining untreated water flows into the pipe 47, passes through the on-off valve, is pressurized by the pump 51, and flows in from the inlet η to form a ring system.

This results in untreated water! The cooling water contained therein can be allowed to flow through the surface of the filter medium 36 of the filter 21 at an arbitrary flow rate, and copper and iron adsorbed and filtered on the surface of the filter medium 36 are effectively removed.

Furthermore, since the concentration of steel and iron can be carried out effectively in accordance with the embodiment described above, heat loss can be further reduced.

When backwashing, open/close valve 6. Words, blade! Then, the opening/closing valve 31.degree. 44 is opened, and the C filter material 36 is backwashed as in the case of FIG. 1.

At this time, the cooling water pressurized by the pump 5 is supplied to the cooling pipe 2 through the piping 43° opening/closing valve I, so that the inside of the reactor 1 can be constantly cooled.

Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the cooling water storage shown in FIG. ! 25, but is it the cooling water after adsorption filtration? It is sufficient if the liquid can be fed under pressure into the filter 21, and for example, the storage tank 5 shown in FIGS. 5, 19 and 6 can be used.

FIG. 5 shows a cooling water storage tank with a built-in diaphragm 61, and backwashing is performed by moving the diaphragm 61 with nitrogen gas.

It does not use nitrogen gas (it can also be operated mechanically).
Figure 6 shows a cooling water storage slide with a built-in piston 6.1.

If the cooling water storage tank shown in FIG. 5 or 6 is used, the piping 30 and the on-off valve 33 become unnecessary.

In each of Manouki's embodiments, backwashing (dinitrogen gas is used, but other inert gases may be used.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, a cylindrical filter medium 36 is used, but the inlet of the filter medium and the untreated water outlet communicate with each other, and the inlet of the filter medium and the outlet of the cooling water of the filter are separated by a sharp member, and the surface of the filter medium It is applicable to any structure where untreated water flows.

[Effects of the invention] I have explained the above (2. According to the high-temperature filter device for cooling water of fuel cells of the present invention, untreated water enriched with copper and iron! Treated with ion exchange resin at low temperature. As the filter media is backwashed with cooling water after adsorption filtration, heat loss can be significantly reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a high-temperature filter device for cooling water of a fuel cell according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the high-temperature filter in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cooling water storage tank in the embodiment C of FIG. 4, and the system diagram shown in FIG. The cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing an example of a conventional high temperature filter device for cooling water of a fuel cell. 1... Reactor 2... Cooling pipe 3 - gas-liquid separator 4.6. 8.13.14.15...Opening/closing valve 5.1
1.51...Pump 7.21...High temperature filter 9...Heat exchanger 10-Ion exchange resin column 12
... heater 24.27.3], 33.34.44
．． 48.50...-On-off valve 5...Cooling water storage tank 4...Nitrogen gas supply pipe 29...Cooling water outflow pipe (
Capital)...Nitrogen gas outflow piping 35...Container
36...Filter material 61...Diaphragm 63-Piston agent Patent attorney Yoshiaki Inomata (and 1 other person) Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
4 Figure 5 Figure 6
Figure 7

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A high-temperature filter device for fuel cell cooling water that is inserted into the circulation flow path of high-temperature cooling water that cools the fuel cell reactor and adsorbs and filters copper, iron, etc. in the gas-liquid separated cooling water. In the system, untreated cooling water pumped from the gas-liquid separator is adsorbed and filtered through a filter medium to be sent as treated cooling water, and at the same time, the treated cooling water is sent back to backwash the filter medium and wash water is sent out along the filter medium. A high-temperature filter is provided with a communication path communicating with the inlet of the untreated cooling water, and the treated cooling water adsorbed and filtered by the high-temperature filter is stored and sequentially sent to the reactor of the fuel cell as cooling water. A cooling water storage tank that is sent back to the high temperature filter as cleaning water during backwashing;
A low-temperature treatment system that cools the untreated cooling water sent through the communication path of the high-temperature filter with a heat exchanger, processes it with an ion exchange resin, and returns it to the gas-liquid separator; A high-temperature filter device for cooling water of a fuel cell, characterized by being equipped with a piping system for switching paths. (2) A circulation waterway is provided for pressurizing a portion of the untreated cooling water sent out from the communication passage of the high temperature filter and returning it to the communication passage inlet to wash the surface of the filter medium. High temperature filter device for fuel cell cooling water. (3) A high-temperature filter device for cooling water of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium of the high-temperature filter is cylindrical.