JPS61167179A - Swash plate type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out the volumetric control of a swash plate type compressor chamber while slide sections in a swash plate chamber is surely lubricated, by connecting one of bifurcated sections of an intake-air passage with the swash plate chamber and the other one of bifurcated sections with a cylinder chamber and by constricting the cross-sectioned area of the intake passage only in the section communicated with the cylinder chamber, with the use of a restrictor valve. CONSTITUTION:A restrictor valve 8 is disposed in a branch section of a suction coolant passage 9 in a swash plate type compressor, which is communicated with a swash plate chamber 5 and a cylinder chamber. This restrictor valve 8 is arranged such that the cross-sectioned area of a passage 12-2 alone which is communicated with the cylinder chamber may be constricted. Accordingly, even if the passage 12-2 is constricted by means of the restrictor valve 8 in order to change the volume of the compressor, the cross-sectioned area of the passage communicated with the swash plate chamber 5 will not vary, and therefore, no inferior lubrication occurs in slide parts in the swash plate chamber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor, which is effectively used as a refrigerant compressor in, for example, an automobile air conditioner.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a refrigerant compressor of this type, a variable capacity compressor has been devised that changes the compressor capacity depending on the cooling load.

As one method, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-12659
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 3, there is a system in which a suction passage connected to a compression chamber is throttled by a valve body such as a spool to control the amount of suction refrigerant drawn into the compression chamber.

However, when such a method of restricting the suction passage is used in a swash plate compressor, the following problems arise.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In a swash plate compressor, refrigerant passing through a suction passage is guided into a compression chamber and a swash plate chamber. This swash plate chamber is a room that accommodates a swash plate arranged at an angle to the rotating shaft, and it is necessary to introduce a refrigerant (containing lubricating oil) into this swash plate chamber as well. That is, a bearing that receives a force acting on the swash plate in the axial direction, a connecting portion between the swash plate and the piston, etc. are housed within the swash plate chamber, and these require lubrication.

In such a swash plate compressor, when the suction passage is throttled to reduce the amount of refrigerant sucked in, the amount of refrigerant that must be led to the swash plate chamber also decreases, resulting in the problem of poor lubrication at the above-mentioned locations.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and for this purpose, the following measures have been taken. In other words, there is a rotating shaft that rotates in response to an external driving force, a swash plate that is fixed to this rotating shaft and rotates together with the rotating shaft, a piston that reciprocates in response to the rotation of this swash plate, and a reciprocating piston that rotates. The housing includes a cylinder portion for supporting movement and a swash plate chamber for housing the swash plate, and a suction passage for introducing suction working fluid to the compressor, the suction passage communicating with the refrigerant flow path communicating with the cylinder portion and the swash plate. The swash plate type compressor is branched into a swash plate chamber passage that communicates with the plate chamber, and is equipped with a throttle valve that increases or decreases the passage area of only the refrigerant passage.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In Fig. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating shaft, which is connected to an automobile engine serving as a drive source via an electromagnetic clutch (not shown), and is driven by the driving force of the engine. 2 is a swash plate made of Al-based metal molded into an oval shape, and is fixed to the rotating shaft 1 with a key.
It is designed to oscillate and rotate together with the rotating shaft 1. This rocking rotation of the swash plate 2 causes the piston 3 to reciprocate via the shoe 2-1. 21 is a cylinder part 7 that supports the reciprocating motion of the piston 3, which is parallel to the axis 51.
[LiI, 10 pieces on the left and right sides]\Using, which was split into left and right parts in Fig. 1 and molded by gui-casting, and then tightly joined together via an O-ring. A first side housing 22 and a second side housing 23 are airtightly connected to the left and right sides of the housing 21. A first valve plate 24 is interposed between the first side housing 22 and the housing 21, and the communication holes 24a, 24b of the first valve plate 24 connect the cylinder part 7,
First suction chamber 4 formed on the first side housing 22 side
-1, the first discharge chamber 4-3 is connected.

Refrigerant gas vaporized by an evaporator (not shown) is introduced into the first suction chamber 4 - 1 via the service pulp 6 . The first discharge chamber 4-3 communicates with a condenser (not shown). A second valve plate 25 is interposed between the second side housing 23 and the housing 21. The second valve plate 25 has a disc shape having five suction passage holes 25a for suction from the outside and five discharge passage holes 25b inside thereof.

A second suction chamber 4-2 and a second discharge chamber 4-4 are formed between the second side housing 23 and the second valve plate 25, and communicate with the evaporator and condenser, respectively, similarly to the first side housing 22 side. are doing.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a radial bearing using a normal needle bearing, and an outer race is fixed to the housing 21, and an inner race rotatably holds the rotating shaft 1. 32 is a thrust bearing located between the housing 21 and the swash plate 2,
It supports the force applied to the swash plate 2 in the thrust direction (axial direction), that is, the reaction force that the swash plate 2 receives when the piston 3 reciprocates.

Reference numeral 33 denotes an oil chamber formed below the rotating shaft 1, which is normally filled with lubricating oil. Reference numeral 5 denotes a swash plate chamber formed to cover the rotating portion of the swash plate, and communicates with the oil chamber 33, so that lubricating oil can freely flow in and out between the swash plate chamber 5 and the oil chamber 33. .

Reference numeral 34 denotes a shaft seal, which is located between the first side housing 22 and the rotary shaft 1 to prevent the refrigerant gas and lubricating oil inside the refrigerator from leaking to the outside. This shall maintain confidentiality between the parties.

The second is the nn sectional view in Fig. 3, and the f81 is the I--I in Fig. 2.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view. The internal structure of the service HAL PRO will be explained based on these figures. The suction passage 9 formed inside this Zahishalb 6 branches into a first refrigerant passage 12-1 and a second refrigerant passage 12-2, and this first refrigerant passage 12
-1 is the first suction chamber 4-1, the second refrigerant passage 12-2
are in communication with the second suction chamber 4-2, respectively. At the branch point between the first refrigerant passage 12-1 and the second refrigerant passage 12-2,
A regulator 8 that increases or decreases the passage area of these passages.
(throttle valve) is installed. A case 8 - 8 of this regulator 8 is fixedly fixed to the housing 21 by a shaft. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the case 8-8, which has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, an opening 8-7 and a communication opening 8-8.
6 is open. Further, a joint 8-9 is protruded from the outer periphery of the case 8-8, and when the case 8-8 is screwed onto the housing 21, the O-ring 8-9 is inserted between the joint 8-9 and the housing 21.
-10 is clamped.

As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical plunger 8-1 is slidably inserted into the case 8-8 to increase or decrease the opening area of the opening/closing opening 8-7. Further, a bellow frame 8-2 is housed in the case 8-8,
This bellow flamm 8-2 and the plunger 8-1 are connected by a link 8-5. Bellow flam 8-
A spring 8-3 is disposed inside the case 8-8 to bias the bellow flamm 8-2 in the direction of expansion, and a hole 8-11 formed in the bottom surface of the case 8-8 on the atmosphere side allows the bellow flamm 8
-2 Atmosphere is introduced into the interior.

In addition, a communication port 8 is provided in the external space 8-4 of the blow ram 8-2.
-6, suction refrigerant is introduced.

Therefore, the bellow frame 8-2 expands and contracts due to the pressure difference between its inside and outside, and the amount of expansion and contraction is transmitted to the plunger 8-1, causing the plunger 8-1 to slide.

Since the first refrigerant passage 12-1 and the second refrigerant passage 12-2 face the opening/closing port 8-7, if the opening area of the opening/closing opening 8-7 is reduced, the first and second refrigerant passages 12 -1.12-
This will reduce the communication area of 2.

Further, the suction passage 9 includes the first refrigerant passage 12-1.
A swash plate chamber passage 11 branches on the upstream side at a branch point between the second refrigerant passage 12-2 and the second refrigerant passage 12-2, and this swash plate chamber passage 11 communicates with the swash plate chamber 5.

Next, the operation of this compressor will be explained.

When the engine and the rotating shaft 1 are coupled by an electromagnetic clutch (not shown), the rotating shaft 1 and the swash plate 2 begin to rotate due to the driving force of the engine. As the swash plate 2 rotates, the piston 3 reciprocates within the cylinder 7. This reciprocation of the piston 3 causes the refrigerant gas in the first suction chamber 4-1 to flow through the communication hole 24 of the first valve plate 24. It is sucked into the cylinder 7 from a through the suction valve. Next, when this piston 3 moves to the compression process, the communication hole 24a is closed by the suction valve,
The refrigerant gas in the cylinder portion 7 is compressed to a high temperature and high pressure, and is discharged to the first discharge chamber 4-3 through the communication hole 24b of the first valve plate 24 and the discharge valve. In the figure,
The suction valve and discharge valve are omitted. This high temperature, high pressure gas is sent to a condenser (not shown) via a discharge passage.

In the above-described series of operations, when the pressure of the suction refrigerant flowing in the suction passage 9 decreases due to a decrease in the cooling load or an increase in the rotational speed of the compressor, the pressure of the suction refrigerant flowing in the suction passage 9 decreases. The pressure introduced into -4 also decreases. Then, the bellow flamm 8-2 expands due to the variation in pressure between the inside and outside, and the amount of expansion is transmitted to the plunger 8-1 via the link 8-5. Therefore, the plunger 8-1 is connected to the case 8-8.
The opening/closing opening 8-7 is gradually closed.

Thereby, the first refrigerant passage 12-1, the second refrigerant passage 12-
The passage area of 2 is reduced, and the 1.2 suction chamber 4-1.4-2
The amount of suction refrigerant introduced into the tank also decreases.

Therefore, the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor decreases, and the cooling capacity decreases.

On the other hand, when the pressure inside the suction passage 9 increases, the blow flamm 8
-2 contracts due to fluctuations in the pressure difference between the inside and outside. Then, the plunger 8-1 moves to the right in FIG. 2 and gradually opens the opening/closing port 8-7. As a result, the 1.2nd refrigerant passage 12-1.
The passage area of 12-2 is increased, and the 1.2 suction chamber 4-1.
The amount of refrigerant guided to 4-2 also increases, and the cooling capacity increases.

In this way, the amount of refrigerant sucked into the 1.2 suction chamber 4-1.4-2.\ is controlled.
1 is branched at a point upstream from the regulator 8, so the regulator 8 is connected to the 1.2 refrigerant passage 12-1.1.
Even if 2-2 is narrowed down, the swash plate chamber passage II is not affected in any way. Therefore, sufficient refrigerant is always introduced into the swash plate chamber 5, and sufficient lubrication is ensured.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the first refrigerant passage 12-1 and the second refrigerant passage 1 shown in FIG.
2-2 are offset in the direction perpendicular to the paper of Figure 1. That is, when looking at the branching point of both passages from above in Figure 3, it becomes as shown in Figure 5. For the same opening degree of the opening/closing port 8-7 of the regulator 8, the first refrigerant passage 12-1 and the second refrigerant passage Refrigerant passage 1
The narrowed area of 2-2 was made different. In this embodiment, even if the second refrigerant passage 12-2 side is completely closed by the regulator 8, the first refrigerant passage 12-1 is configured so that approximately one-third thereof remains in an "open" state.

This is because the shaft seal 34 requires cooling and lubrication.
This is because it is desirable to introduce a relatively large amount of refrigerant into the first suction chamber 4-1, which communicates with the first suction chamber 4-1 through the pores 22-1.

'4- That is, the amount of refrigerant sucked into the second suction chamber 4-2 is
Even if it is narrowed down by Gyu-Yu 8, the first suction chamber 4-1
The amount of refrigerant sucked into the second suction chamber 4-2 is larger than that of the second suction chamber 4-2. Other configurations and operations are the same as in the first embodiment described in 1j:1.

[Effect]

In the swash plate compressor of the present invention, when the throttle valve is throttled, only the refrigerant passage communicating with the cylinder portion is throttled, and the swash plate chamber passage communicating with the swash plate chamber is not affected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Therefore, even if the throttle valve is throttled to reduce the amount of refrigerant sucked, the amount of refrigerant introduced into the swash plate chamber is sufficiently secured, and the amount of refrigerant sucked is reduced. Therefore, the sliding parts within the swash plate chamber are always properly lubricated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment, Fig. 2 is an IT sectional view, Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view, and Fig. 3 is a nn sectional view of the embodiment. , FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the regulator case, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the position of the refrigerant passage and the regulator of the second embodiment. 1... Rotating shaft, 2... Swash plate, 3... Piston, 7
...Cylinder part, 8...Regulator (throttle valve),
9... Intake i1!1 passage 511... Swash plate chamber passage, 12
...refrigerant passage.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotating shaft that rotates in response to an external driving force, a swash plate that is fixed to this rotating shaft and rotates together with the rotating shaft, a piston that makes reciprocating motion in response to the rotation of this swash plate, and a reciprocating motion of this piston. The housing includes a supporting cylinder portion and a swash plate chamber that accommodates the swash plate, and a suction passage that guides suction working fluid to the compressor, the suction passage communicating with the refrigerant passage that communicates with the cylinder portion and the swash plate chamber. A swash plate compressor that branches into a swash plate chamber passage and a throttle valve that increases or decreases the passage area of only the refrigerant passage.