JPS61165978A - Multifunctional type lower voltage arrestor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an ill gun having a characteristic element and a spark gap.

The lightning arrester of the present invention protects OA equipment such as computers and weak electrical equipment from abnormal voltages such as induced lightning, and also protects against extremely strong abnormal voltages.

The lightning arrester of the present invention belongs to the field of snow protection equipment for general houses, offices, factories, etc., and is particularly effective for snow protection such as 0Afi devices.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, ordinary households have not taken sufficient measures to prevent snow from abnormally high voltages, such as intruding lightning.

Generally, a breaker or earth leakage breaker is used in the switchboard located at the power line entrance, but if the opening/closing part of the breaker or earth leakage breaker is opened, the circuit breaker or earth leakage breaker will cause damage if high voltage enters from outside. Since the operation of the vomiting machine is mechanical, high voltage passes momentarily, and since it was originally designed for low voltage, the high voltage causes a spark to short-circuit the gap between the switches, so no countermeasures can be taken. is not.

Furthermore, if an emergency situation such as a high/low pressure mixture occurs in the wiring system, it would be very dangerous and would be completely unreliable.

Therefore, for the purpose of absorbing abnormally high voltage, the present inventor manufactured a low-voltage lightning arrester using characteristic elements made of semiconductors such as a surge absorber in addition to a spark gap, and either used each separately or combined it with a spark gap. Characteristic elements were connected in series and used.

[Problem to be solved]

As mentioned above, in the past, general snow protection equipment consisted of lightning arresters that separately incorporated specific elements such as spark gaps or surge absorbers, or spark gaps and surge absorbers.
However, in this way, spark gap or surge absorber
Surge arresters that use specific elements such as these alone or connected in series do not have a wide range of protective capabilities that can handle lightning situations, including induced lightning and emergency situations where abnormally high voltage continues to penetrate. .

For example, when a thundercloud approaches near a power distribution line, surge voltage is generated on the power distribution line due to guidance from the thundercloud, and utility poles and power lines may also be directly hit.

As a result, secondary disasters such as high and low voltage coming into contact between the pillar and the transformer may occur.

On the other hand, recently, in addition to household electrical appliances, light electrical appliances such as 0A41 units and microcomputers have become popular in ordinary homes and offices.

As the performance of components such as semiconductors used in these low-power devices improves, they tend to become weaker against abnormal voltages such as those caused by lightning.

In addition, vinyl indoor wiring installed in the ceilings of houses has been left unattached for many years as houses have become more robust, so their fire resistance naturally deteriorates, causing ignition and spread of fires due to abnormally high pressure such as lightning. It may be the cause.

As described above, with the spread of OA equipment itself and the management of its wiring, the demand for snow protection has naturally increased. However, as mentioned above, no lightning arrester has been developed that meets these demands.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has devised a lightning arrester that multifunctionally and widely deals with lightning damage surrounding power distribution lines, as described above, based on the experience of implementing snow prevention measures in various fields over many years.

The present invention provides a multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester characterized in that a characteristic element and a spark gap are connected in parallel in a refractory insulator container made of porcelain or the like.

Tests have shown that a configuration in which the characteristic element and the spark gap are connected in parallel is the most effective in dealing with a wide range of lightning surges, and that using a container such as porcelain to store these elements
It has been confirmed that it is ideal as a container because it has good fire resistance and is robust.

Furthermore, as an embodiment, there is also provided an arrangement in which these elements are incorporated into the lid side of the lightning arrester, and an arrangement in which a thermolabel is attached to the lid.

[For production]

The multifunctional low voltage lightning arrester according to the present invention is a surge absorber.
These characteristic factors limit induced lightning and other abnormal voltages without time delay to protect weak electrical equipment such as OA equipment, and in the event that even stronger voltage enters or abnormally high voltage continues, surge absorbers are used. - is thermally destroyed and acts to release the current through the spark gap connected in parallel.

Note that if abnormally high voltage continues due to a direct lightning strike or high/low voltage contact in the wiring system, the surge absorber will be thermally destroyed and the spark cap will be short-circuited by the arc, resulting in high heat inside the container, but the porcelain container will Therefore, it has high electrical insulation properties, so there is almost no worry about it bursting due to heat or spreading fire to the outside.

In this way, the present invention provides a versatile means for protecting against lightning damage that can be adapted to the size and type of lightning.

Furthermore, since the lightning arrester is of a cut-out switch type, the spark gap and characteristic elements are built into the lid side, and the lightning arrester element can be separated from the power supply side, inspection or replacement of the second element part of the lightning arrester is easy.

Also, when a megger test is performed as a regular inspection of indoor wiring, if a characteristic element such as a surge absorber is connected to the circuit, measurement errors will occur due to leakage current, but it is possible to open the lid with a cut-out switch. If the mega test is carried out under the condition that the test is carried out, there will be no such effect, so handling is convenient.

〔Example〕

Here, one embodiment of the multifunctional low-voltage a porcelain according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the lightning arrester in an open state, in which a substantially disc-shaped container 1 has a raised edge 2 on its outer periphery and a flat partition plate 3 inside.
4, reinforcing portions 5 and 6 are provided, and concave chambers 7 are provided at four locations.

The container l is made of heat-resistant and insulating porcelain.

Two pairs of contact clamping pieces 8.9 are provided in the recessed chamber 7.E Cutout grooves 10 for wiring are provided above and below the vertical edge 2, respectively, and mounting holes 11 are provided in the wall surface. There is. A recessed groove 12 is provided in the lower part of the inner surface of the container l, and a metal pivot piece 13 is provided within this recessed groove 12.

The metal pivot piece 13 stands up a bearing arm 14 bent left and right, and is provided with a bearing hole 15.

The lid 20 that closes the container l is made of porcelain, has a raised edge 21 around it to form a concave chamber 22, and has the contact clamping piece 8.9.
Two pairs of claws 23 and 24 are provided vertically and are fitted facing each other.

A spark gap 28 is formed between the claws 23, 24, with a groove 25 and electrodes 26, 27 facing each other with a gap therebetween.

The electrode 28.27 has a hanging piece 23.3 bent at a right angle at the tip.
0, and the lower ends of the hanging pieces 29 and 30 are in contact with the inner wall of the groove 25.

Characteristic elements 31, 32, such as surge absorbers, are connected in parallel to this spark gap 28.

The characteristic elements 31.32 are arranged between two parallel partition plates 33.34, and the lead wires 35 of the characteristic elements 31.32 pass through the cutting grooves 36 at both ends of the partition plates 33.34. Each electrode 2El, 27 is short-circuited.

A metal connecting piece 41 is fixed in the groove 40 above M2O.

The metal connecting piece 41 is provided with protrusions 42 on both sides of its tip to fit into and connect with the bearing hole 15 of the metal pivot piece 13, and one protrusion 42 is provided on both sides of the tip so that it can be easily attached to and detached from the bearing hole 15.
A notch 43 is provided below the protrusion 42, and a spring 44 is provided in the protrusion 42.

When the protrusion 42 is fitted into the bearing hole 15, the container 1 and the lid 20
are connected so that they can be opened and closed.

It can be easily removed by biasing it to the right against the spring 44 and pulling out the protrusion 427.

A wide-mouthed through hole 45 is bored in the center of the lid, and a completely irreversible thermolabel 46 is provided inside the through hole 45.

For safety reasons, the thermo label 4B is attached to the metal plate 47 to avoid ruts.
The color changes from white to red, etc., allowing the inside situation to be seen from the outside.

In the multi-function low voltage lightning arrester having such a configuration, the power supply side and the ground side E are separated and connected by a switch S by opening and closing the lid, as shown in FIG. 5, and the circuit is as shown in FIG.

〔effect〕

The multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester of the present invention has a spark gap and characteristic elements connected in parallel and incorporated into a removable porcelain lid, and is equipped with a unique spark gap and a thermo label that indicates internal heat generation. As such, it has the following unique technical effects:

■Incorporating characteristic elements, it limits induced lightning and other abnormal voltages without delay, safely protecting computers and other weak electrical equipment.

■The voltage should not be too strong.λ1. If 'S2+' abnormal lightning pressure continues, the characteristic element will be thermally destroyed, but at the same time the spark gap will act and the spark will be discharged by the gear tab.

In other words, protection can be achieved in two stages.

■The lightning protection element is completely housed in a sturdy porcelain container, and even if high heat or high voltage should flow, it is isolated from the outside, making it extremely safe.

If heat is generated inside the lightning arrester, the heat is detected and the thermo label changes color, giving a signal for inspection.

This signal allows the user to know from the outside when it is time to replace lightning protection elements, etc.

■The container is a removable cut-out switch type, and the lightning protection elements are integrated into the lid, making it easy to inspect and inspect by removing the lid and easily replace.

■When conducting mega-tests on the power supply section, by opening the lid and separating the characteristic elements in advance, measurement errors due to leakage current from specific components can be prevented.

As described above, the present invention provides snow protection for office automation equipment, which is becoming popular in general homes and offices, and protects against induced lightning from power distribution lines.
It is extremely useful for preventing intruding lightning and other situations where abnormal voltage is maintained, and should be considered an excellent invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the multifunctional low-voltage arrester according to the present invention, and FIG. 1C shows a front view of the arrester in an open state, FIG. Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the connection between the metal pivot piece and the metal connection piece, Figure 4 C±,
FIG. 5 is an example of a circuit diagram of the lightning arrester of the present invention; FIG. Brief explanation of the symbols lΦΦfist/conflict vessel 20 --- Lid 281111 a * * * Spark gear 1. Bu31.3
2 Or...Characteristic Element Voluntary Procedure? in Official Book August 9, 1985 1゜Display of Case 1985 Patent Application No. 006284 2, Name of Invention Multifunctional Low Voltage Lightning Arrester 3, Relationship with Person Making Amendment Case; Address of Patent Applicant - Tokyo 1-36-12 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Miyako Name:
Gi Kato - Department 4, Agent Address: 186 Telephone 31 [1-03777] All 8 of the specification and drawings to be amended, contents of the amendment as attached. Description 1, Name of the Invention Multifunctional Low Voltage Lightning Arrester 2, Claims (1) A multifunctional low voltage lightning arrester comprising a characteristic element and a spark gap connected in parallel in a fireproof insulating container such as an FJI device. (2) The multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic element and the spark gap are incorporated into a lid side of a fireproof insulator container made of porcelain or the like. 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a lightning arrester having a characteristic element and a spark gap. The lightning arrester of the present invention has a two-stage protection function capable of protecting OA type equipment and low-power equipment such as computers from abnormal voltages such as induced lightning, and further protecting against strong abnormal voltages. The lightning arrester of the present invention belongs to the field of snow protection equipment for general houses, offices, factories, etc., and is particularly effective for snow protection for OA type equipment. [Prior Art] Conventionally, in ordinary households, sufficient snow protection measures against abnormally high voltages, such as intruding lightning, have not been taken.Generally, circuit breakers and earth leakage circuit breakers are used in the switchboards located at power line entrances. Even if the circuit breaker or earth leakage circuit breaker is opened, when high voltage enters from the outside, the high voltage will momentarily pass through the circuit breaker because the circuit breaker is mechanical, and it is originally designed for low voltage. The reality is that there is no countermeasure against the high voltage that causes sparks to short-circuit the gap between the switches. Furthermore, if an emergency situation such as a high/low pressure mixture occurs in the wiring system, it would be very dangerous and would be completely unreliable. Therefore, for the purpose of absorbing abnormally high voltage, the present inventor manufactured a low-voltage lightning arrester using characteristic elements made of semiconductors such as a surge absorber in addition to a spark gap, and either used each separately or combined it with a spark gap. Characteristic elements were connected in series and used. [Problem to be solved] As mentioned above, in the past, general prevention! The equipment may be a lightning arrester that separately incorporates specific elements such as a spark gap or surge absorber, or a spark gap and surge absorber.
were connected in series. However, this spark gap or surge absorber
Surge arresters that use specific elements such as these alone or connected in series do not have a wide range of protective capabilities that can respond to lightning situations, from induced lightning to emergency situations where abnormally high voltage continues to penetrate. . For example, when a thundercloud approaches near a power distribution line, surge voltage is generated on the power distribution line due to guidance from the thundercloud, and utility poles and power lines may also be directly hit. As a result, secondary disasters such as high and low voltages coming into contact with each other at the 9-pole transformer may occur. On the other hand, recently, in addition to household electrical appliances, light electrical appliances such as office automation equipment and microcontrollers have become popular in ordinary homes and offices. As the performance of components such as semiconductors used in these low-power devices improves, they tend to become weaker against abnormal voltages such as those caused by lightning. In addition, vinyl indoor wiring installed in the ceiling of a house has been left installed for many years as houses have become more robust, so its fire resistance naturally deteriorates, and abnormally high pressure such as lightning can ignite it, causing the fire to spread and cause a fire. It may become. In this way, OAI! Due to the spread of the device itself and its wiring management,
Demand for snow protection has naturally increased, but as mentioned above, no lightning arrester has been developed to meet these demands. [Means for Solving the Problems] Based on many years of experience in implementing snow prevention measures in various fields, the present invention has devised a lightning arrester that multifunctionally and widely deals with lightning damage surrounding power distribution lines as described above. It is. The present invention provides a multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester characterized in that a characteristic element and a spark gap are connected in parallel in a refractory insulator container made of porcelain or the like. Tests have shown that a configuration in which the characteristic element and the spark gap are connected in parallel is the most effective in dealing with lightning surges, and that using a container such as porcelain to store these elements,
It has been confirmed that it is ideal as a container because it has good fire resistance and is robust. Further, as actual embodiments, there are also provided in which these elements are incorporated into the lid side of the lightning arrester, and in which thermolabels are attached to elements (characteristic elements) attached to the lid. [Function] The multifunctional low voltage lightning arrester according to the present invention is a surge absorber.
Protect weak electrical equipment such as OA equipment by limiting induced lightning and other abnormal voltages without any time delay using characteristic factors such as , the surge absorber is thermally destroyed and acts to release the current through the spark gap connected in parallel. In addition, if abnormally high voltage continues due to a direct lightning strike or high/low voltage contact in the wiring system, the surge absorber will be thermally destroyed and the spark gap will be short-circuited by the arc, resulting in high heat inside the container, but the porcelain container will Therefore, it has high electrical insulation properties, so there is almost no worry about it bursting due to heat or spreading fire to the outside. In this way, the present invention provides a versatile means for protecting against lightning damage that can be adapted to the size and type of lightning. Furthermore, the lightning arrester is made of a cut-out switch foam, and the spark gap and characteristic elements are built into the lid side, so that the lightning arrester element can be separated from the snow field side, making it easy to inspect or replace the H element part. Also, when a megger test is performed as a periodic inspection of indoor wiring, if a characteristic element such as a surge absorber is connected to the circuit, measurement errors will occur due to leakage current, but if the lid is opened using a cut-out switch type container, If the mega test is carried out under the condition that the test is carried out, there will be no such effect, so handling is convenient. [Embodiment] Here, one embodiment of the multi-function low voltage lightning arrester according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the lightning arrester in an open state, in which a substantially circular container l has a raised edge 2 on its outer periphery and a flat partition plate 3 inside.
4, reinforcing portions 5 and 6 are provided, and concave chambers 7 are provided at four locations. The container 1 is made of heat-resistant and insulating porcelain. In the recessed chamber 7, two pairs of contact clamping pieces 8.9 are erected. The contact clamps 8.8 are connected by a bar 81 in a groove provided on the back side of the container 1. This contact clamping piece 8.8 is for grounding. There are notches b for wiring above and below the standing edge 2! 11
10 is provided, and a mounting hole 11 to the wall surface is provided. container 1
A recessed groove 12 is provided at the lower part of the inner surface of the recessed groove 12, and a metal pivot piece 13 is provided within this recessed groove 12. The metal pivot piece 13 has bearing arms bent left and right raised upright, and a bearing hole 15 is provided therein. The lid 20 that closes the container 1 is made of porcelain and has a concave surface 22 formed by providing a wire 21 around the periphery of the lid 20, and the contact clamping piece 8.9
Two pairs of claws (=electrodes) 23 and 24 are installed facing each other and inserted into the electrode. A groove 25 is provided between the winds 23, 24 to form a gap, and a spark gap 2B is formed in which the extension portions 26, 27 of the claws 23, 24 are opposed. The extension 28.27 has at its tip a depending piece 29.30 bent at right angles and inserted into the groove 25. Characteristic elements 31 and 32, such as surge absorbers, are connected in parallel to this spark gap 2. The characteristic elements 31, 32 are arranged centrally on the back side of the lid 20 with leads 35 from the claws 23, 24, respectively. The characteristic elements 31 and 32 can save space by stacking two of them with an insulator 36 such as mica in between. ing. A metal connecting piece 41 is fixed in a groove 40 above the lid 20. The metal connecting piece 41 is provided with protrusions 42 on both sides of its tip to be inserted into and connected to the bearing hole I5 of the metal pivot piece 13, and one protrusion 42 is provided so that it can be easily attached to and removed from the bearing hole 15.
A notch 43 is provided below the protrusion 42, and a spring 44 is provided in the protrusion 42. When the protrusion 42 is inserted into the bearing hole 15, the container 1 and the lid 20
are connected so that they can be opened and closed. It can be easily removed by pushing it to the right against the spring 44 and pulling out the protrusion 42. A through hole 45 with a wide mouth is bored in the center of the lid 20. A completely irreversible thermolabel 4 is inserted through the through hole 45 of the lid 20.
I can see G. Thermolabel 48 has the characteristic -y element 31.3
2, and at least l bias is attached to the surface of the through hole 4.
It is attached to the inner characteristic key ^31 so that it can be seen from B. The other one is attached to the characteristic element 32 so that it is visible when the lid is opened. The thermo label 46 senses the heat generated inside the lightning arrester and causes a color change from white to red, etc., and allows the inside situation to be visually seen from the outside. In the multi-function low voltage lightning arrester having such a configuration, the power supply side and the ground side E are separated and connected by a switch S by opening and closing the lid, as shown in FIG. 5, and the circuit is as shown in FIG. [Effects] Tai S & Tanoshima iti Keitsukugi ruins! Votes t ÷ Ik mushrooms,
. It is a device that connects a loop and a characteristic element in parallel and incorporates it into a removable porcelain lid, and is equipped with a unique spark gap and a thermo label that indicates the heat generation of the element (characteristic element). It has some unique technical effects. ■Since it incorporates characteristic elements, it limits induced lightning and other abnormal voltages without time delay, making it ideal for computers, etc. Safely protect equipment. (2) If an even stronger voltage enters or if the abnormal voltage continues, the characteristic element will be thermally destroyed, but at the same time the spark gap will act and discharge the current. In other words, protection can be achieved in two stages. ■The lightning protection element is completely housed in a sturdy porcelain container, and even if high heat or high voltage should flow, it is isolated from the outside, making it extremely safe. ■If excessive current flows through an element (characteristic element) and it generates abnormal heat, the thermo label attached to the element will detect the heat and change color, signaling an inspection. This signal allows the user to know from the outside when it is time to replace lightning protection elements, etc. ■The container is a removable cut-out switch type, and the lightning protection elements are integrated into the lid, making it easy to inspect and inspect by removing the lid and easily replace. ■When performing a mega test on the power supply section, by opening the lid and separating the characteristic elements in advance, measurement errors due to leakage current of specific elements can be prevented. As described above, the present invention provides snow protection for office automation equipment, which is becoming popular in general homes and offices, and protects against induced lightning from power distribution lines.
It is extremely useful for protecting against intruding lightning and other situations where abnormal voltage is maintained, and should be considered an excellent invention. 4. Brief description of the drawings The drawings show an embodiment of the multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of the lightning arrester in an open state;
FIG. 2 is a partial central cross-sectional view of the closed state, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the connection between the metal pivot piece and the metal connection piece, FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the spark gap, and FIG. It is an example which shows the circuit diagram of the lightning arrester of this invention. Brief explanation of symbols 11.1.Container 20@111..Lid 2811..Spark camp 31.32...Characteristic elements

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester consisting of a characteristic element and a spark gap connected in parallel in a fireproof insulator container such as porcelain. (2) The multifunctional low-voltage lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic element and the spark gap are incorporated into a lid side of a fireproof insulator container made of porcelain or the like.