JPS61161396A - Temperature-classified heat storage tank - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make each area classified by temperature difference in a simple constitution, and to heighten the effectiveness of a heat storage tank, by a method wherein the upper half part of the heat storage tank is made in a double cylinder type, and a valve which is combined with a shape memory alloy, is attached on the upper part of said tank, and a heat source is inserted in the cylinder. CONSTITUTION:Inside of the outer frame 1 of the heat storage tank is made full of water, and a heating body 9 is raised to high temperature by supplying electric power. A plate 7 of the shape memory alloy has a bidirectional quality and when the temperature of atmosphere becomes above 60 deg.C said plate warps, and it restores to the original shape at under 40 deg.C, and a valve body 6 closes a communication hole 4 at first. When the temperature rises in a H area, it becomes independent area which is thermally closed, and the convection is generated only in the H area and when the temperature becomes higher than 60 deg.C, the plate 7 of the shape memory alloy leaves the valve body 6 from the communication hole 4, and the circulating flow is formed by the temperature difference through the H area the communication hole 4 the M area the L area the H area. The low temperature area L and the M area form the intermediate area of said two area with time and heat storage progresses, and finally the heat storage operation is finished when the temperature of the whole tank becomes near 100 deg.C, i.e. the boiling point of water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention supplies high-temperature heat from a heating element such as electric heat or a heat pipe, circulating thermal fluid from a heat collector such as solar heat, or cold heat from a refrigerator, etc. to the area side. This relates to a device that attempts to store heat at different temperatures.

However, water is generally used as the heat medium here.

In a heat storage tank that uses water as a heat storage material, it is important to separate high-temperature water and low-temperature water in the tank as much as possible.

For this purpose, many studies have been conducted on temperature stratification type heat storage tanks and balance type heat storage tanks that utilize the buoyancy caused by the temperature difference of water in the tank, and many of them have been put into practical use.

Also, by using isolation membranes, partition plates, etc., it can be made into a multi-tank type or not.

Another method is to classify heat by temperature and store heat without mixing by temperature.

Each has its advantages and disadvantages, but making the inside of the heat storage tank mechanically complex leads to increased costs.

In addition, secondary troubles are particularly problematic.

In other words, the problem is that the function deteriorates due to dirt, limescale, etc. due to long-term operation.

Therefore, in the present invention, a bottomless cylinder is attached to the ceiling of the heat storage tank, and the upper half of the heat storage tank is made into a double cylindrical shape.
With an extremely simple structure, a communicating hole and a valve combined with a shape memory alloy that opens and closes the communicating hole are attached to the top of the cylinder, and a heat source is inserted into the cylinder. This is an attempt to increase the effectiveness of heat storage tanks by creating different temperature zones, which differ from the conventional concept of heat storage tanks.

Hereinafter, the main configuration will be explained using an example shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a temperature-specific heat storage tank according to the present invention,
Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view, Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the valve body part,
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circulation circuit in which a heat storage medium circulates through a heat collection device, and a sectional view of an application example of a temperature-specific heat storage tank.

There are two types of heat storage tanks: the so-called sealed type and the atmosphere open type.9 The present invention is applicable to both types, and the sealed type will be used as an example here.

The explanation will be based on the drawings.

The outer frame 1 of the heat storage tank has an arbitrary shape 1, for example, a cylindrical shape.

Or, it has a well-insulated framework, such as a cubic shape,
A bottomless cylinder 3 of an appropriate size and made of a heat insulating material is attached from the ceiling 2 of the outer frame 1 toward the inside of the tank.

The shape of the cylinder 3 may be a cube, a truncated cone, or the like, and its mounting position does not need to be at the center of the ceiling 2 of the outer frame 1.

In the upper part of the cylinder 3 near the ceiling, one or more communicating holes 4 and 5 are provided.

The through hole 5 is small and is used for water level balance, air venting, etc., and is not necessarily necessary in the case of a small heat storage tank.

The communication hole 4 is larger than the through hole 5, and a valve body 6 combined with a shape memory alloy plate 7 is installed so as to correspond to the communication hole 4.

A shape memory alloy plate 7 is fixed to the inside of the cylinder 3 by a fulcrum 8 and supports the valve body 6 at a position corresponding to the communication hole 4.

It is desirable to use a bidirectional shape memory alloy plate 7.

In other words, a bidirectional shape memory alloy is used that memorizes a shape that bends in a high-temperature atmosphere and returns to its original shape in a low-temperature atmosphere.

The valve body 6 is opened and closed with respect to the communication hole 4 using the transformation caused by the temperature change between high and low temperatures as a driving source.

When using a unidirectional shape memory alloy plate 7, a combination such as overlapping with a bias spring is required to restore the original shape.

Further, the shape memory alloy plate 7 may be a shape memory alloy coil spring.

By setting a spring-like shape memory alloy, etc., the opening and closing operation of the valve body 6 with respect to the communication hole 4 is performed using the transformation of expansion and contraction due to temperature changes of the coil spring-like shape memory alloy as a driving source.

In some cases, shape memory alloys in the form of coiled springs are used.

Although bidirectional shape memory alloys are preferred, unidirectional shape memory alloys can also be used in combination with bias springs.

A heat source such as a heating element 9 such as electric heat or a heat pipe is installed near the bottom of the bottomless cylinder 3 or at an appropriate position above it.

At this time, if the heating element 9 is a heat storage tank with a single-circuit heat collection circulation circuit as shown in FIG. The incoming thermal fluid is spread horizontally.

A radiator 18 is installed that allows the flow to flow while maintaining static pressure.

That is, the water taken out from the pipe 13 installed at the bottom of the heat storage tank by the circulation pump 14 is returned to the heat storage tank via the heat collector 15 and the inflow pipe 16. The tip 17 is inserted to near the inner bottom of the cylinder 3, and a radiator 18 is installed at the tip 17, in which two discs are horizontally parallel to each other and kept at an appropriate distance. The structure is such that it diffuses and flows into the vicinity of the bottom of the cylinder 3 while gradually increasing the static pressure in the same direction.

At this time, if desired, a disk on top of the radiator 18.

Separately from the lower disc, an inner annular band 19 made of a thin plate with good thermal conductivity and an inner annular band 19 are set vertically vertically, and an outer annular band made of a thin plate with good thermal conductivity is provided. 21 to inner annular band 19
・The radiator 18 is set so as to surround it in parallel with the radiator 18 at an appropriate distance, and one or more cylindrical holes η are inserted through the upper and lower disks of the radiator 18. By additionally installing the cylinder 18, the temperature of the inner area of the cylinder 3 can be raised more quickly.

A pumping pipe 12 for utilizing the stored hot water is inserted through the ceiling inside the cylinder 3.

The water supply pipe 11 is installed near the bottom of the outer frame 1.

As described above, a heat storage tank for each water temperature is constructed by attaching a bottomless cylinder or the like of an appropriate size and shape to the ceiling of the outer frame, which has an arbitrary shape and is well insulated.

Near the ceiling of the cylinder, etc., one or more of each of the communication holes and through holes are provided, and a valve body combined with a shape memory alloy plate or a coil spring is set in the communication hole. At the appropriate position near the bottom of the bottom, the heating body such as the heat or heat pipe, or the thermal flow from the heat collection device is spreading and flowing in inflammation. This is a heat storage tank for a place that is characterized by installing something that serves as a heat source, such as a sink.

This is intended to allow heat to be stored at different temperatures in each area.

The operation of the temperature-specific heat storage tank having the above configuration is as follows.

As an example, based on FIGS. 1 to 3, a case will be described in which the heating element 9 is of a sealed type and is electrically heated.

First, pour tap water or well water, etc., from the water supply port 11.

Water is pumped into the systank, and the outer frame 1 of the heat storage tank is filled with water.

Here, for convenience of explanation, the inner area surrounded by the cylinder 3 in the H area 9 and the annular area formed on the outside of the outer frame l can be made below the bottom of the cylinder 3 in the M area 9. Area H
We will call it the area.

When power is applied, the first heating element 9 is brought into a high temperature state.

At this time, the shape memory alloy plate 7 is bidirectional,
The valve body 6 is designed to bend when the temperature of the atmosphere exceeds 60'C and restore its original shape when the temperature drops below 40°C. If it is assumed that the communication hole 4 is closed, then,
In the H region, if the temperature rises.

This is because temperature stratification is formed in the L region.

Even though the cylinder 3 does not have a bottom, the H region is a thermally closed and independent area, and the heat generated by the heating element 9 is generated.

Convection occurs only in the H region, heat is exchanged, and the temperature rises.

Then, when the temperature rise in the H region becomes higher than ω°C, the shape memory alloy plate 7 supported by the fulcrum 8 will bend, and the valve body 6 will separate from the communication hole 4, and the valve body 6 and A gap is created between the communicating holes 4.

At that time, the H area is high temperature and the M-H area is low temperature, so the communication hole 4 which is in an open state is passed between the H area and the M area due to the temperature difference.H area→Communication hole 4→M This results in the formation of a circulating flow of area→L area→H area.

Then, a temperature gradient occurs in the height direction from the 9M region to the H region, and heat is accumulated sequentially from above with elapsed time while forming temperature stratification.

However, in region H, the part directly affected by the circulating flow is very shallow, and the remaining part becomes hotter due to heat transfer.

Therefore, if you look at it over time, the H range is a high temperature range.

The H region forms a low temperature region, and the 9M region forms an intermediate temperature region between the two, where heat storage is progressing.

Eventually, when the temperature of the entire tank reaches around 100°C, which is the boiling point of water, the heat storage work is complete.

The stored hot water is utilized by an extrusion mold that pumps water through the water supply port 11.

The stratified surface of the cold water in the supply water gradually rises from below, and warm water is sent out from the outlet 12. However, since the cylinder 3 that separates the H area and the M area has no bottom, the H area・
Assuming that the temperature in the M region is the same, the stratified surface of the cold water rising from below due to pressure feeding from the water supply port 11 acts on the H region and the H region in the same way.

However, the pumping amount, the size of the communication hole 4, the resistance value, etc. must be within appropriate ranges.

Therefore, hot water in the 1M region flows into the H region through the communication hole 4 and is pumped out together.

The stratified surface of the rising cold water soaks the shape memory alloy plate 7, and when the temperature reaches 40 degrees Celsius or less, the plate 7 restores its original shape, and the valve body 6 closes the communication hole 4. go.

At that time, most of the useful hot water in the heat storage tank had been pumped out.

At this time, if the hot water user wishes to continue supplying hot water, the temperature can be raised to ω°C in the H range in a short time by turning on the power again, so the hot water can be stored in the electric water heater. There is no need to worry about the rest while using it.

That is, the volume of the H region made from the bottomless cylinder 3G is made small as a result.

Since the communication hole 4 is closed by the valve body 6 until ω°C, no heat is generated when the power to the heating element 9 is turned on again.

Only the H region will be heated up in a short period of time.

In conventional electric water heaters, when additional heating like this was required, heating elements were installed in two places, the top and bottom of the tank, to deal with this, but now we have installed a heating element in one place. This will cover everything.

This is especially true when considering electric water heaters that use electricity late at night9.
Reheating with a quick start-up using normal electric power can be done at a reasonable cost.

Also, since the cylinder 3 does not have a bottom, there is no possibility of secondary troubles caused by dirt, limescale, etc.

Furthermore, since the H acid portion results in multiple insulation, it is advantageous in preserving the high temperature in the H region.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, when collecting heat using a solar thermal power plant or the like, there is a possibility that variable temperature manual power will be used.

If a thermal fluid with a higher temperature than the H region is sent from the heat collecting device 15, it will mix with the H region due to buoyancy, causing a temperature rise in the H region, and if the H region becomes higher than 60°C. The space between the communication hole 4 and the valve body 6 is opened, and the heat is circulated and flows from the H area to the H area through the open communication hole 4, creating temperature stratification from the 1M area to the H area, and progressing the heat storage work. This is as stated above.

If a thermal fluid with a temperature lower than the H region is supplied, buoyancy will not occur,
It becomes a mixed type with the H range, and affects only the H range.

Therefore, even in the case of variable temperature input, the H region = high temperature region, the M region = medium temperature region, and the L region = low temperature region are formed, and heat can be stored at different temperatures in each region.

The same concept can be used in the case of cold and heat, but the top and bottom of the heat storage tank must be reversely symmetrical.

In this way, a heat storage tank with one ice temperature is constructed as follows: (1) A bottomless cylinder is attached to the ceiling of the outer frame of the heat storage tank. ＼ (2) Provide a communication hole at the top of the cylinder.

(3) A valve body combined with a shape memory alloy plate or coil spring is installed corresponding to the communication hole.

(4) Install a heat source such as a heating element near the bottom of the cylinder.

With this extremely simple configuration, it is possible to store heat in each zone at different temperatures, and in particular to raise the temperature quickly in a short period of time in the inner zone of one cylinder, making it possible to create a rational heat storage tank that does not cause secondary troubles. Become.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a heat storage tank according to temperature according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the valve body portion. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circulation circuit in which a heat storage medium circulates through a heat collection device, and a sectional view of an application example of a temperature-specific heat storage tank. 1.---11--Outer frame of heat storage tank 2----
Outer frame ceiling 3---Cylinder with no bottom 4---
−〜−−−Series through hole 6−−−−−One valve body
7--------Plate of shape memory alloy 8-----
- One fulcrum 9 ---- One heat source such as a heating element i3 (what

Claims (1)

[Claims] Inside a well-insulated outer frame of any shape, attach a bottomless cylinder or the like of an appropriate size and shape to the ceiling of the outer frame, and make communication holes and through holes near the ceiling of the cylinder, etc. A valve body combined with a shape memory alloy plate or a coil spring is set in the communicating hole, and at an appropriate position near the bottom or above the inside of the cylinder, etc. It is characterized by the installation of a heat source such as a heating element such as an electric heater or a heat pipe, or a heat source such as a radiator in which the thermal fluid sent from the heat collecting device is diffused and flows in while being made static pressure. A heat storage tank in a place where