JPS61156141A - Electrostatic latent image developing toner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a toner electrifiable sufficiently and uniformly without scattering by incorporating a compd. represented by the formula in the toner. CONSTITUTION:The toner contains, preferably, in an amt. of 0.5-7pts.wt. per 100pts.wt. of the resin component, as a positive charge controller a compd. represented by the formula shown on the right in which R1-R3 are each H, <=5C alkyl, oraryl, such as phenyl or naphthyl, optionally substd. by nitro, cyano, cyal, carboxy, or the like and independent of each other; and X is O or S.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a toner for developing electrostatic latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like. Generally, when developing an electrostatic latent image, there are two methods: a liquid developing method in which fine powders such as pigments, dyes, and fixing resins are dispersed and dissolved in an insulating petroleum solvent, and a natural or synthetic method is used. The cascade method uses a developer made by mixing fine particle toner containing a pigment and a dye as a charge control agent in a resin and a carrier such as glass beads or iron powder.
The present invention relates to a toner used in a dry developing method, which is different from a dry developing method in which a developing method such as a bristle brush method, a magnetic brush method, an Inderessian method, or a Noyaugusklau P method is used. be.

PRIOR ART Conventional toners for dry type developers are produced by adding pigments such as Kagenbla or resin and a charge control agent to a thermoplastic natural resin or synthetic resin, melting and dispersing the mixture, cooling and solidifying it, and then pulverizing the mixture.
A fine powder with a diameter of 0μ is used.

As a charge control agent used in such a toner for dry type developer, for example, Fettspurz NB is used as a positive charge control agent as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-2427.
M (C,1,A 26150 ), nigrosine (C,
I-A30415), Sudan Cheeksparz BB
(C, 1, A26150), Brilliant Spirit Scheparts TN (manufactured by Halpen, Fabriken, Bayer), or TheRn Scheparts (Halpen, Fabriken, Exhibited by Hoechst), and Ceres Scheparts (R) as a negative charge control agent.
) G (Halbenfapriken, manufactured by Bayer Co.), Chroma Modern Chepulso LTCO (C, 1, 14645), or Azo Oil Black R (R) (Nashimanal, manufactured by Aniline Co.), etc. are known. .

Many of these dye-based charge control agents have unclear structures, and even if a large variation of /4 in the charge amount between lots is observed, it is difficult to understand what causes this.

Further, dye-based toners are often colored black, dark blue, or dark brown, and are therefore unsuitable as toners for colors such as yellow. On the other hand, some authors have proposed quaternary ammonium salts as charge control agents other than dye-based ones. For example, JP-A-52-10141, JP-A-49-51951, JP-A-5
4-134441 and the like fall under this category, and although they are advantageous in that they are white in hue, they all have an insufficient amount of charge.

This is due to the hygroscopicity of the quaternary ammonium salt1, which results in a lack of humidity stability.

OBJECTIVES An object of the present invention is to provide a toner for electrostatic latent image visualization that improves the above-mentioned drawbacks. Specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide a toner for electrostatic latent image visualization that improves the above-mentioned drawbacks. It is an object of the present invention to provide a positive charge control agent for toner that has no variation in the amount of charge between the toners, does not cause residual coloring, and is easy to use for color toners.

Structure As a result of various studies in view of the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present inventors achieved the above-mentioned method by incorporating a compound represented by the following general formula as a positive charge control agent into a toner that visualizes an electrostatic latent image. The present inventors have discovered that the above objects can be achieved, and have completed the present invention.

General formula (in the above formula, R1*R2r R3 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group with or without a substituent, and may be the same or different. Aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl groups, and substituents thereof include nitro, cyano, acyl, carboxyl II, and S.
represents. ) Typical specific examples of the compound of the above general formula used as a charge control agent in the present invention include the following.

N2CN The amount of the charge control agent contained in the toner in the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 7 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin component. If the amount is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the toner will not be positively charged and is not practical. On the other hand, if the number of toner particles exceeds 7, the chargeability of the toner is too large and the electrostatic attraction force with the carrier increases, resulting in a decrease in the fluidity of the developing agent and a decrease in image density.

The charge control agent for toner according to the present invention is synthesized by a conventionally known method.

In the present invention, one or a combination of two of the charge control agents described above can be contained in the toner.

In addition, the toner of the present invention can use a wide variety of binder resins that are more common than conventional ones, such as styrenes such as styrene and Noyarachlorstyrene, vinylnaphthalene,
For example, vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide 1. Vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl penzoate, vinyl butyrate, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, n acrylate -octyl, 2-chloro-ethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl α-chloroacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, etc. esters of carbonic acid, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, etc., such as N-vinylpyrrole, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylindole,
Polymers obtained by polymerizing monomers such as N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinylgyrolidone, copolymers obtained by copolymerizing two or more of these monomers, or mixtures thereof, or, for example, rosin-modified polymers. Non-vinyl resins such as non-vinyl thermoplastic resins such as phenol-formalin resins, oil-modified resins, polyurethane resins, cellulose resins, and polyether resins, or mixtures of these and vinyl resins as described above. I can do it.

In addition, the following materials are particularly limited to pressure fixing materials.

Polyolefins (low molecular weight ethylene, low molecular weight chilipropylene, I-lyethylene oxide, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.), epoxy resins, -lyester resins (oxidation 10 or less), styrene-butadiene copolymers (monosize ratio 5 to 3)
0:95-70), olefin copolymers (ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic ester copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic ester copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride) copolymer, ethylene-Setakuma vinyl copolymer, ionomer resin), polyvinylpyrrolidone, methyl-nyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, maleic acid-modified phenol resin, phenol-modified terpene resin.

Further, in addition to the above-mentioned resin, optional coloring agents such as pigments and dyes may be added to the toner of the present invention as required. These coloring agents are known ones, such as carzen black, nigrosine dye, aniline blue, calco oil blue, chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, depon oil red, quinoline yellow, methylene blue chlori-P, phthalocyanine blue, and malachite. Green's xalate, lamp black, oil bratbek, azo oil black, rose→ngal and mixtures thereof.

The toner of the present invention may further contain a magnetic material and be used as a magnetic toner.

The magnetic material contained in the magnetic toner of the present invention is preferably one that is chemically stable and can be easily obtained in the form of fine particles with a particle size of 1 μ or less, so magnetite (triiron tetroxide) is the most preferable. preferable. Typical magnetic or magnetizable materials include metals such as cobalt, iron, nickel, aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, nickel, tin, zinc, antimony, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, Alloys of metals like manganese, selenium, titanium, tungsten, panzoum and their mixtures aluminum dioxide, iron oxide,
Metal oxides, including metal oxides such as steel oxide, chloride, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and magnesium oxide: refractory nitrides, such as vanadium nitride, chromium nitride,
Carbide: Examples include carbide nearerites such as tungsten carbide and silica carbide, and mixtures thereof.

These ferromagnetic materials preferably have an average particle diameter of 041 to 1 μm, and are contained in the toner in an amount of about 50 to 300 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin component, particularly preferably 100 parts by weight of the resin component. The amount is 90 to 200 parts by weight.

The toner of the present invention may be used alone as a one-component developer, but when used as a two-component developer such as a non-magnetic toner, it is mixed with a known carrier. Further, the toner of the present invention can be used together with other fluidizing agents if necessary, and the fluidizing agents include hydrophobic silica,
Fine powder of titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, etc. is preferable.
The amount used is preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight based on the toner.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, "parts" refer to "parts by weight" unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 Carpin black 13 parts charge g
A mixture of 2 parts of I@ agent (Compound Shop 1) was heated and kneaded using a hot roll, cooled, and then crushed and dispersed to obtain a toner having a volume average particle size of 10.5 μm. This toner 1
．． 55.9 and silicon coated carrier 58°5II were mixed and milled for 30 minutes to give a blow-off charge (Q/
M ) was measured and found to be 13.1 μC/g.

For comparison, a toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following quaternary ammonium salt was used as the charge control agent, and the amount of charge was measured. As a result, the Φ value was 5.0 μC/9.

CHs oIe Next, the electrostatic latent image formed on the ZnO photoreceptor by normal electrophotography was developed using a developing device, and when it was transferred to plain paper while applying corona discharge and heat-fixed, white spots were formed. A clear copy image was obtained.

Example 2 A mixture consisting of 100 parts of styrene/2-ethylhexyl acrylate/n-butyl methacrylate copolymer, 13 parts of carbon black, and 2 parts of a charge control agent (compound 2) was heated and kneaded using a hot roll. After cooling, it was crushed and dispersed to obtain a toner having a volume average particle size of 10.5 μm. This toner 1.55
30 by mixing II and silicon carrier 58.51
When the blow-off charge amount (vM) was measured after 1 minute, it was 9.5μC/I.For comparison, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the following quaternary ammonium salt was used as the charge control agent. As a result of preparing a toner and measuring the amount of charge, the Φ momme was 8.0 μC/11.

Next, the electrostatic latent image formed on the ZnO photoreceptor by normal electrophotography was developed using a developing device, transferred to plain paper while applying a corona discharge, and thermally fixed, resulting in a clear copy with no white spots. Image obtained.

Example 3 Styrene resin 100 parts Charge control agent (Compound Shop 3) 2 parts Kagen black
A toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 13 part mixture was used, and then mixed with a silicone carrier and the amount of blow-off charge was measured.
The pass was 12.7μC/7. In this case as well, a clear copy image was obtained on plain paper by developing and transferring the electrostatic latent image.

Example 4 Styrene resin 100 parts by weight Charge control agent (compound A4) 2# Car Rumbra, Ri
13 Toner 3JIK was prepared using a mixture different from 1 to 1, and a test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 57!1t of iron powder carrier was mixed. As a result, the Φ condition was io, 5μC/7 A clear transferred image was obtained on reed and plain paper.

Effects As described above, the toner of the present invention has a sufficient charge amount and there is no variation in the charge amount, so that stable copied images can always be obtained.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A toner for developing electrostatic latent images, characterized in that the toner contains a compound represented by the following general formula as a positive charge control agent. General formula▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the above formula, R_1, R_2, R_3 represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group with or without a substituent, and even if they are the same, may be different. X represents O or S.)