JPS61155506A - One-point mooring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily build up a mooring device by connecting the first mooring line, an intermediate sinker, the second mooring line and an anchor in order to a buoy having mooring equipment. CONSTITUTION:A yoke 4 is connected with a hinge 6 to the low of a ship 2, and a bouy 8 is connected with a hinge 10 to the yoke 4. The upper end of a fluid transport pipe 16 having a bendable intermediate joint 23 is connected through an universal joint 14 to a swivel joint 12 fixed the downside of the bouy 8. An intermediate sinker 22 is connected through a swivel joint 18 to the lower end of the pipe 16, one end of a chain 24 is connected to the periphery of the sinker 22, and an anchor pile 26 is fixed to the end of the chain 24 and fixed to the seabed 27. A base 30 is connected through a fluid transport pipe 32 having a bendable intermediate joint 34 to the lower end of the sinker 22. The seabed pipe 28 is then connected to the base 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device for mooring ships and marine structures at sea.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there are various types of devices for mooring ships and offshore structures at sea, such as multi-point mooring devices, single-point mooring devices, and other devices. Among these, single-point mooring devices are used to moor ships and offshore structures that are moored floating bodies. is the wind.

It has the advantage of being able to rotate the mooring device so that external forces received by waves and currents are minimized, and requiring only a small-scale mooring device, and has been gradually put into practical use in recent years. T-ru.

Semi-permanent single-point mooring devices for ships and marine structures currently in practical use include Figures 7(a) #(b),
(C) The one shown in K is exemplified.

Figure 7 (Otori) is CALM (Cat@nary Anc)
One end of a yoke 42 is connected to the tip of the ship 40 via a hinge 41, and the other end of the yoke 42 is connected to a turntable 44 provided on a buoy 43. has been done. One end of a plurality of chains 45 is connected to the lower peripheral portion of the buoy 43. The chain 45 extends into the sea in the shape of an octopus, and an anchor 46 is connected to the other end.
This anchors it to the seabed 47.

Figure 7(b) shows SALM (Single Ancho
It is a mooring device called a yoke 4 at the tip of the vessel 40 via a hinge 41.
The other end of the yoke 42 is connected via a hinge to a turntable 44 provided at the upper end of the buoy 43'. The buoy 43' is a tower-shaped buoy, and its lower end is connected to a mooring base 49 via a universal soyoint 48.

The mooring pace 49 is anchored to the seabed 47 by an anchor/4'ile 50.

Figure 7(C) shows 5ALS (Single Ancho
It is a mooring device called Lr5g Storag@), and a yoke 4 is attached to the tip of the vessel 40 via a hinge 41.
One end of the yoke 2 is connected to the other end of the yoke 42, and a swivel joint 51 is provided at the other end of the yoke 42. A buoy 43'' is connected to the yoke 42, and the buoy 43'' is submerged in the sea. The upper end of the riser 53 is connected to the swivel 51 via the universal // yoint 52.
4 to a mooring base 49 on the seabed 47.

The main use of the above mooring device is to moor a tanker and connect the tanker to piping for fluids such as oil or gas installed on the seabed using a pipe to open an open connection between the tanker and the submarine piping. In some cases, fluids are exchanged. For this reason, a fluid transfer pipe may be attached to the mooring device.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Generally, CALM is a relatively small-scale mooring device, but it is not suitable for use in sea areas with severe weather and sea conditions because the catenary characteristics of the mooring chain have relatively little buffering effect. Furthermore, in deep waters, the length of the chain becomes longer and the total weight becomes heavier. On the other hand, SA
Due to their mooring characteristics and device structure, LM and 5ALS are suitable for deep sea areas and sea areas with severe weather and sea conditions, but the scale of the devices themselves is large and installation work is not easy. .

Means for Solving Problem C] According to the present invention, in order to solve the problems of the prior art, the upper end of the first mooring line body is connected to a buoy having a moored floating body connection means. , an intermediate sinker is connected to the lower end of the first mooring line body, one end of a plurality of second mooring line bodies is connected to the intermediate sinker, and 6. An anchor is connected to the other end, and the submarine fluid piping and the floating body are connected from the submarine piping section to the intermediate sinker section via a fluid transfer pipe having at least one bent section, and from the intermediate sinker section to the intermediate sinker section at least One point, characterized in that it is connected by a conduit leading to the buoy via a fluid transfer pipe having one bend, and from the buoy to the floating body via a fluid transfer pipe having at least one bend. A mooring device is provided.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the one-point mooring device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. A yoke 4 made of a rigid body is connected to the tip of the ship 2 by two hinges 6.

A buoy 8 is also connected to the yoke 4 via two hinges 10. As a result, the vessel 2 and the pupil 8 can move relative to each other in the vertical direction. A swivel joint 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the buoy 8, and the swivel joint 12 is connected to the first
The upper end of a fluid transfer pipe 16 constituting a mooring line body is connected to the mooring line body.

A universal joint 20 fixed to an intermediate sinker 22 is connected to the lower end of the transfer pipe 16 via a swivel joint 18 . As shown. The fluid transfer tube 16 is a bendable intermediate tube.

It has an Indian portion 23. On the outer periphery of the intermediate sinker 22, there are a plurality of (6 in the figure
One end of the chain 24 of the book is connected. Each chain 24 extends in the shape of an octopus, and an anchor pile 26 is fixedly installed at the tip thereof. Each anchor pile 26 is locked and fixed to the seabed 27.

A fluid pipe 28 is installed on the seabed 27 and is connected to a pace 30 installed at a position separated from the intermediate sinker 22 by an appropriate distance. The pace 30 and the intermediate sinker 22 are connected by a fluid transfer pipe 32. These connections are made through Swiss universal joints. As shown, the fluid transfer tube 32 includes a bendable intermediate section 34.
has. Further, 36 is a fluid transfer pipe provided between the buoy 8 and the ship 2, and has a bendable portion at an appropriate position. Of course, the submarine piping 28 and the fluid transfer pipe 32 are connected within the base 30, and the intermediate sinker 22
The two fluid transfer pipes 16.32 are connected within the buoy 8, and the two fluid transfer pipes 16.36 are connected within the buoy 8, forming a pipe line connecting the submarine piping 28 and the ship 2. .

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are side views for explaining the operation of the apparatus of this embodiment.

FIG. 2 (,) shows the state of the apparatus of this embodiment in calm weather. When the weather and sea conditions are calm, the buoy 8 floats on the sea surface at a position where it balances its own weight, the weight of the yoke 40, the weight of the fluid transfer pipe 16, and the weight of the intermediate sinker 22 and becomes buoyant. When the ship 2 is subjected to forces such as wind, waves, or currents, move the ship 2 in the direction where the external force is the smallest.
turns around buoy 8. This turning is carried out by the vessel 2, yoke 4, and buoy 8 working together at the swivel joint 12.
and/or 18 points, so that the fluid transfer tube 16 is not kinked. Further, the vertical movement of the vessel 2 due to external force is absorbed by the rotation of the hinges 6 and 10 at both ends of the yoke 40, so that no excessive external force is applied to the buoy 8. Also, the force after mooring is generated based on the buoyancy of the gui 8.

FIG. 2(b) shows the state of the apparatus of this embodiment during stormy weather. The ship 2 is subjected to a large external force due to wind, waves, tides, etc., and the buoy 8 is pulled laterally. For this reason,
The tension in the fluid transfer pipe 16 increases, and the intermediate sinker 22
is pulled laterally.

As shown in the figure, in this state, the fluid transfer pipe 16 and the chain 24 form a dogleg shape, and the mooring restoring force gradually increases.

Even in this case, the fluid transfer pipe 32 can sufficiently follow the movement due to the bending of the intermediate zone 1 inward portion 34 and the rotation at the connection portion between the pace 30 and the intermediate sinker 22.

FIG. 3(-) is a side view showing a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3(b) is an enlarged view of section A thereof.

In this embodiment, the first mooring line body consists of a number of hinged ports 40. Further, a conduit between the pace 30 and the ship 2 is formed by a 7 lexiple hose 42. The rod 40 is supported by a clamp 44 from the buoy 8 to the intermediate sinker 22 of the 7 lexiple hose 42), thereby υ, the rod 40
It extends along. Further, the hose 42 has an appropriate length margin from the intermediate sinker 220 portion to the pace 30, and a hose buoy 46 is connected to an appropriate position.

1 flexible hose 42 as shown in FIG. 3(b)
A hose swivel joint 48 is provided at an appropriate position.

FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing a third embodiment of the device of the present invention.

In this embodiment, one end of the yoke 4 is connected to a ship (not shown), and the other end of the yoke 4 is connected to the upper part of the °C buoy 8 via a hinge 10 and a swivel rod 11. This allows the ship to rotate freely relative to the buoy 8. Further, the upper end of the first mooring line body is connected to the lower part of the buoy 8 via a universal rod 12. The first mooring line body consists of a plurality of hinged ports 40. An intermediate sinker 22 is connected to the lower end of the bottom opening of the do, via a universal pipe 20,
One end of a plurality of chains 24 constituting a second mooring line body is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the intermediate sinker 22.

Further, the flexible hose 42 is supported in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a fourth embodiment of the device of the present invention. In this figure, the state during calm weather is shown by a solid line, and the state during stormy weather is shown by a virtual line.

In the device of this embodiment, the hose support column 3 is attached to the pace 30.
0' is attached, and the support column 30' is tiltable with respect to the pace 30. A hose support member 30'' is also provided between the other end of the support column 30' and the intermediate sinker 22.
is interposed.

The support member 30'', the support column 30' and the intermediate sinker 22
The connection is flexible. A flexible hose 42 constituting a conduit between the pace 30 and the intermediate sinker 22 is guided and arranged along the support column 30' and the support member 30''. A fluid swivel joint 42' forming a conduit is provided.Other points are substantially the same as in the second embodiment.

According to the device of this embodiment, it is possible to prevent an excessive external force from being applied to the 7Rexisol hose 42.

Next, the mooring characteristics of one or more of the devices of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the mooring characteristics of the mooring device of the above embodiment. In this figure, the mooring characteristics of the above CALM are also shown for reference. In the figure, the horizontal axis X indicates the amount of movement of the ship from the reference position, and the vertical axis T indicates the tension applied to the first mooring line body connected to the buoy 8. F indicates the steady external force value, and ΔX indicates the amount of movement of the ship due to waves and other factors. ■.

■ indicates the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional example (CAL), respectively.
This is the case of M).

In the case of the conventional example, the increase in tension with respect to the amount of ship movement ΔX is extremely large, and therefore a mooring chain that has extremely high strength is required.

On the other hand, in the case of the embodiment of the present invention, the tension increases very gradually over the entire area, and the increase in tension corresponding to ΔX is extremely small. Therefore, it is possible to use mooring line bodies with relatively low strength.
Furthermore, fatigue of mooring lines and other members can be minimized.

In the above embodiments, a ship was used as an example of a floating body, but
The floating body in the present invention may be other marine structures or the like.

In addition, in the above embodiments, one fluid transfer pipe or rod was illustrated as the first mooring line, but
The first mooring line in the present invention is not particularly limited to one line, but may be constructed using one or more fluid transfer pipes, chains, wire ropes, synthetic fiber ropes, link-connected rods, etc. It's okay.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above in detail and concretely, according to the present invention, a floating body such as a ship or a marine structure can be moored with a small-scale and light-weight device regardless of water depth and even in waters with severe weather and sea conditions. In addition, since a heavy mooring foundation (mooring pace) is not required, the installation work of the mooring device is significantly easier, and at the same time, the mooring foundation is simplified, making it easier to relocate the mooring device to other water areas and It also becomes easier to reuse.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily transfer liquid to and from submarine piping when the floating body is moored.

Thus, the device of the present invention can be used as a semi-permanent mooring device for ships or marine structures at sea, and also as an offshore terminal base for tankers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the one-point mooring device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 (a) # (b) is a side view thereof, and Fig. 3 (-) is a single-point mooring device according to the present invention. 3(b) is an enlarged perspective view of part A in the figure; FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing the third embodiment of the device of the present invention; FIG. Figure 5 is a side view showing the fourth embodiment of the device of the present invention, Figure 6 is a mooring spring characteristic diagram, and Figures 7 (a) and (b).
, (e) is a side view of a conventional single point mooring device. 2...Ship, 4...Yoke, 8...Buoy, 16.
...Fluid transfer pipe, 22...Intermediate sinker, 24...
Chain, 28... Submarine piping, 30... Pace, 3
2.36...Fluid transfer pipe, 42...7 Lexiple hose.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) In a device for mooring a floating body at one point on water, the upper end of a first mooring line body is connected to a buoy having means for connecting a moored floating body, and the lower end of the first mooring line body is connected to a buoy having a moored floating body connecting means. An intermediate sinker is connected to the intermediate sinker, one end of a plurality of second mooring line bodies is connected to the intermediate sinker, an anchor is connected to the other end of each second mooring line body, and a fluid is connected to the intermediate sinker. The undersea piping and the floating body are connected from the undersea piping section to the intermediate sinker section via a fluid transfer tube having at least one bend, and from the intermediate sinker section to the buoy via a fluid transfer tube having at least one bend. A one-point mooring device, characterized in that it is connected by a conduit leading from the buoy to the floating body via a fluid transfer pipe having at least one bend. (2) A single point mooring device according to claim (1), wherein the fluid transfer pipe between the buoy and the floating body has a fluid swivel joint. (3) the first mooring line body also serves as a fluid transfer pipe;
A single point mooring device according to claim 1. (4) The connection between the fluid transfer pipe leading from the submarine piping section to the intermediate sinker section and the above submarine piping section and/or the connection between the fluid transfer tube and the intermediate sinker section is made using a swivel joint and/or
Alternatively, the one-point mooring device according to claim 1, which is formed by a universal joint. (5) The one-point mooring device according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the fluid transfer pipe is made of a flexible hose.