JPS61155187A - Guard system for hydraulic elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to elevators, and more particularly to cordless hydraulic elevators.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Hydraulic elevators with short lifting distances are known. This type of elevator comprises a car that is moved up and down by a hydraulic jack, which is arranged in a hole below the hoistway below the elevator car. The cost of providing such a hole to accommodate the jack represents a significant portion of the cost of constructing a hydraulic elevator. To reduce the construction costs associated with such known elevators, cordless hydraulic elevators have been developed.

In such cordless elevators, the car is energized by one or more hydraulic jacks, the cylinders of which are located generally along the sides of the car rather than under the car;
The lower end of the jack is seated in a shallow pit at the bottom of the hoistway rather than in a deep hole as described above. Although these hydraulic elevators reduced construction costs by eliminating holes, current holeless hydraulic elevators have
There are still many shortcomings left.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention A number of drawbacks occurring in today's holeless hydraulic elevators relate to the frame of the elevator car, which, if comprised, is subject to compressive loads or N on its sides. It uses upright columns with beams connected diagonally between the upright columns and the car platform. Such car frames are complex, requiring rond fixtures for both the upright struts and car platform, and means for adjusting rond tension, as well as being fairly heavy. Moreover, in such a frame structure, various parts of the frame tend to be subjected to compressive and bending loads, which have a negative effect on the stability of the car under driving conditions.

This has to be accommodated by heavy structural members, thus adding even more weight to the frame members. or,
Such a car frame also affects the ease with which jacks can be repaired. This is because the uprights are often in positions that impede maintenance of the jacks located adjacent to them.

Additionally, known hydraulic elevators have various problems in supporting and stabilizing the car with the jack and the guide rail used therein. Most of these drawbacks are due to the common solution of supporting the car asymmetrically by jacks, which are connected to the sides of the car frame either forward or rearward of the center of the car frame. By supporting Kerr. Therefore.

The weight of the car imposes a bending moment on the jack and guide rail, which requires the bottom end of the jack to be buried in the ground, which risks galvanic corrosion of the jack cylinder. An additional heavy rail is also required, which adds cost, both in terms of materials and construction of the elevator. Furthermore, known hydraulic elevators do not provide a sufficiently economical means for limiting overshoots of the elevator car (e.g. due to failure of the hydraulic control system).

However, during this overshoot, the car's kinetic energy is dissipated.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks associated with known hydraulic elevators and the desire to mechanically simplify such elevators while reducing their weight, the present invention was developed.

Means for overcoming the problem It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a very simple, stable and lightweight hydraulic elevator.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic elevator that is compact and easy to repair.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic elevator characterized in that it is very easy to assemble.

According to the invention, at least a portion of the guide rail of the hydraulic elevator is eliminated, and the cylinder of the hydraulic jack serves instead as a guide rail. In a preferred embodiment, a guide shoe consisting of a U-shaped bracket supporting a pair of rollers is supported on the platform of the elevator car, and these rollers are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the hydraulic jack cylinder as the car moves vertically. Move to.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. 1, a hydraulic elevator 10 is arranged in a hoistway 15 that includes a side wall structure 2 ) and a lower bit 25 . The elevator itself consists of a car 30 including a frame 35, sidewall structures (two not shown for clarity) and a platform 40. The car is energized by a pair of upright jacks 45, which are located on either side of the car and located in the hoistway 1.
5 and is supported on the floor of the pit 25.

The car frame 35 includes a pair of opposed side frame assemblies, each including a pair of angled upwardly converging beams 55, the lower ends of which are secured to opposite sides of the car platform. Beam 55 may be of any known structural shape, and in the preferred embodiment shown is made of strong, lightweight tubular steel. The lower ends of the beams are attached by rivets, bolts, or similar fittings to L-shaped brackets that are welded or otherwise similarly attached to the sides of the platform. The upper end of the beam is securely bolted or riveted to each end of a bracket 65, generally of U-shaped cross section, and each side of bracket 65 has a cutout 70 leading to the head of jack 45. The connection between the beam 55 and the bracket 65 is shown in detail in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG.

Each beam is received inside the bracket outwardly from the middle part of the bracket, and the middle part of the bracket is fitted with a bolt 75.
Connected to Jyatsuki by. As illustrated, 3
Four bolts 85 pass through the sides of the bracket and through each beam, but more fasteners may be used or more based on elevator capacity, car weight, and other relevant factors. The following number of fixtures may be used:

As best shown in FIG.
It will be apparent that the connection between the bracket 65 and the beam 55 serves to connect the jack to the car frame and therefore carries the weight of the car. However, because the beam is tubular and the bracket 65 is of U-shaped cross-section, each bolt 85 experiences twice the shear force, increasing the strength of the connection. Furthermore, the beam 55 is under tension as a whole.
This increases the stability of the car and eliminates the need for larger structural components to accommodate compressive and/or bending loading modes.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the side frame assemblies are connected to each other by a crosshead 90 which includes a pair of generally parallel channel members 95. As shown in FIG. These channel members have inwardly extending plates '10 at both ends thereof by bolts, rivets, etc.
Connected to 0. This plate 100 is connected to the beam 55 by welding or similar connection method. Channel member 95 supports an angled bracket 105 and a lateral bracket 110 connected thereto by bolts, rivets or other connections.

These brackets 105 and 110 are connected to each other at 115 by bolts, rivets, etc. As shown, each lateral bracket 110 supports an upper guide shoe 12) that slides into a corresponding generally T-section guide rail 125 mounted on the side wall of the hoistway. match. Of course, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the engagement of the upper guide shoe 12) and the lower guide shoe 130 (supported by the car frame at the bottom of the platform) with the guide rail 125 provides lateral stability relative to the car. will be added. The bracket 110 not only serves as a mounting section for the guide shoe, but also as a mounting section for a leveling switch 135, which switches the roller 140 operated by a fixed cam 145 mounted on the guide roller. include.

Of course, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, cam 145
A leveling switch 150, actuated by a cam 155 mounted on the side frame assembly opposite a leveling switch 135 actuated by the Control functions like deceleration. Guide shoe 1
2) and the leveling switch 135, the bracket 110 simplifies the overall structure of the car frame by eliminating the need for separate mounting parts for these parts.

Platform 40 consists of a generally planar array of tubular beams including a plurality of parallel beams 160, which are intersected by a pair of generally parallel beams 165 disposed orthogonally thereto. Both ends are joined (by welding 1 etc.).

The platform includes a floor portion 167 on the platform frame and attached thereto by screws or the like (not shown), which floor portion may be made of wood, plywood or Weyerhaeusar Company material.
) by Structure-v
A lightweight structural top plate 170 formed of a material such as oriented strand wood fiber material sold under the trade name It has a laminated structure with a lower plate 175. Such a platform construction, using a planar array of tubular beams and a lightweight floor, considerably reduces the weight of the platform compared to known elevator platforms and reduces the strength required for other parts of the car frame. Reduces weight and eases elevator hydraulic requirements.

Referring to FIG. 2, each jack 45 has a head 2) defined by housing members 2) 7 and 2) 8.
5) and a plunger 210 disposed within this cylinder, the plunger 2) being arranged in such a way that hydraulic fluid is delivered to the cylinder via a hydraulic line 215 to change the pressure in the cylinder. It reciprocates with respect to the cylinder accordingly. The plunger 210 is attached to a connecting rod 22) that passes through the head into the cylinder 2.
) 0, and the upper end of the rod 2) 0 includes a hole into which a bolt 75 is screwed to connect this rod to a bracket 65. As mentioned above, if the hydraulic control system malfunctions, In such cases, it is preferred that the hydraulic elevator be provided with means for limiting overtravel while safely dissipating the kinetic energy of the car associated with such overtravel.According to the present invention, the jack 45 includes: There is provided stop means disposed near the cylinder head to limit overtravel of the plunger while dissipating its kinetic energy, and means associated with the plunger for abutting this stop means. As best shown in FIG. 2, the stop means comprises a steel or similar rigid impact ring 225 lined with a resilient urethane ring 230.
This urethane ring is then attached to a hard stop ring 2.
Lined by 35.

If the plunger 210 travels too far upwards due to a faulty hydraulic system, the plunger hits the impact ring 225, which compresses the urethane ring 230 upwardly against the stop ring 235, thereby preventing further movement of the plunger. The compression of the urethane ring dissipates the energy of this overshoot, reducing the risk of damage to the jack. The head 22) also houses a rubber seal 240, a consumable ring 245 and a wiper 250 in the usual manner. The jack is placed inside the inclined beam 55.

The guide rail is laterally offset from the jack so that the jack can be easily accessed and serviced. Furthermore, since the car frame and guide rails are not in the way of jacking, a large clearance can be left for the head 250, and the two rectangular housing members 2 are fixed together at the corners by four bolts 255.
)7 and 2)8 can be conveniently accommodated. In contrast, in various known elevator jack designs, the clearance between the jack heads is limited and the heads must be cylindrical and have diameters ranging from 9 to 1
The head must be fixed with two bolts, which increases the manufacturing cost of the head and makes it difficult to repair.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the jack 45 is positioned adjacent the car platform at a location midway between opposite sides of the car platform so that the car is generally symmetrically supported and loaded. This reduces the reaction of the rails to the rails and allows the use of lighter weight rails than those previously used. Placing the jack inside the side assembly of the car frame (between the sloping beams 55) not only facilitates jack repairs but also allows for more efficient use of the interior of the hoistway. .

The guide rail 125 is attached at its upper portion to the wall of the hoistway by a clamp 260, which is supported by a fixture 265 bolted to the wall of the hoistway.

The lower end of the guide rail is fixed (by welding, etc.) to an angle bracket 270 attached to the pit floor by suitable means (not shown) such as bolts, and the guide rail and jacks are attached to the bracket 270. 275 to be secured to the shaft wall and aligned with each other.

Each of the brackets 275 has a plurality of spaced apart legs 280
and at this leg the bracket is fixed to the side wall of the hoistway, for example by bolting. As shown, the bracket is of one-piece construction, with legs 280 alternating with fixed portions (lands) 285 and 290, where the jacks and guide rails are mounted, e.g. by clamps. Each is connected to a bracket. Since the car is symmetrically supported by the jacks, the jacks are generally loaded symmetrically and therefore it is not necessary to bury the bottom end of the jack to accommodate one bending load as is known in the art. is not necessary. Accordingly, the lower end or base of the jack is received within a jack base consisting of an upwardly open, generally U-shaped channel member 295 with a lid plate 300 secured thereto by, for example, welding. Its ends are closed and the lid plate is provided with holes for receiving the base of the jack in alignment without vertically constraining it within the channel member. This vertically unconstrained entry allows the jack to freely jump upwards in the event of car overshoot, further dissipating the associated kinetic energy. I can do it. The base of the jack also houses a dampening spring 310 against which the platform is lowered and serves as a convenient attachment point for receptacles 305, these receptacles being secured to the channel by suitable means such as bolts. Fixed to the web of the member.

Another embodiment of the elevator is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this embodiment, the lower part of the guide rail 125 is removed, the jack cylinder serves as the lower part of the rail, and the U-shaped bracket 30 supporting the roller 310 at the end replaces the lower slotted guide shoe.
A guide shoe 300 consisting of 5 is used. The bracket 305 is bolted to the member 32) at 315 in alignment with the jack cylinder 2)0 at the bottom of the car platform, such that the C11-ra 310 engages the wall of the cylinder. Therefore, in this configuration,
Lateral stability of the car is achieved at the bottom of the car by the movement of the car along the jack cylinder without the need for a lower guide rail, further simplifying the elevator and reducing the cost of materials and its assembly. Both aspects make elevators more economical.

EFFECTS From the above description, it will be clear that the car frame disclosed herein is simpler than known frames, as neither adjustable rods nor upright members are required; The jacks are more stable than known frames because they are subjected to tensile loads and are not subject to significant compressive or bending loads, yet the joints are rigid. Because they are generally flush, elevators are compact and jacks can be easily repaired. The tubular frame floor also contributes to the weight reduction of the elevator, and the symmetrical support of the car frame with centrally located jacks minimizes rail reaction, making it easier to use for smaller elevators. Rails can be used. Also, by applying the load symmetrically to the jack, there is no need to bury the lower end of the jack, and the risk of electrical corrosion of the end of the jack due to such burying is eliminated. Furthermore.

Because there is no need to bury the jack, the jack can rest on the pit floor without being vertically restrained, and the entire elevator can be "jumped" in the event of a car overshooting. The new jack head structure allows the elevator to dissipate the kinetic energy associated with upward overshoot of the car. The integral mounting of the guide shoe and leveling switch, the one-piece rail jack bracket and jack base further simplify the manufacturing and assembly of the elevator.

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Good morning.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the hydraulic elevator of the present invention, with a part of the elevator broken or completely removed to show the structure in detail; FIG. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of one of the hydraulic jacks used in the elevator of the present invention. Figure 3 is a view taken from the direction along line 3-3 in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is a view of the relationship between one beam used in the elevator car frame and the output member of the hydraulic jack. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but with the lower part of the guide rail removed, an enlarged partial view of the connection in the direction 4--4 of FIG. 6-6 of FIG. 5 shows a portion of the car frame, a guide shoe supported thereon, and an associated hydraulic jack.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along a line. 10... Hydraulic elevator 15... Hoistway 2)... Side wall structure 25...
- Lower pit 30... Car 35... Frame 40... Platform 45... Jacket 55... Beam 60.65... Bracket 90... Cross head 95... Channel member 100...・Plate 12)...Guide shoe 125...Guide rail 135.150...Leveling switch 160...
Parallel beam 2)0...Cylinder 2)5...Head 2)7.2
)8...Housing 210...Plunger 225...Impact ring 230...Urethane ring 235...Stop ring

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) a car biased by at least one hydraulic jack, the hydraulic jack having a cylinder and a plunger disposed within the cylinder for reciprocating motion relative to the cylinder; , an elevator disposed adjacent to the car, comprising: a guide rail integral with the hydraulic jack; supported by the car and capable of engaging the hydraulic jack; and a guide shoe which provides lateral stability to the car without the need for guide rails parallel to and separate from the jack and generally at the same height as the jack. (2) The elevator according to claim (1), wherein the guide rail is integral with the cylinder of the jack. (3) The elevator according to claim (2), wherein the guide shoe includes a bracket fixed to the car and supports a pair of rollers that are rotatably engaged with the cylinder of the jack.