JPS61153353A - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the structure of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a generator, a miscellaneous device, an evaporator, an absorber, an absorption liquid line, and a refrigerant line. .

[Prior art]

An example of the structure of a conventional refrigerator of this kind is shown in FIG. 2. The absorption refrigerator shown in FIG. Reducer 3
The structure is such that it is housed in a separate can body.

Further, a conventional example as shown in FIG. 3 can be seen as an improvement on the problems described later in the conventional example shown in FIG. 2 described above.

That is, in the one shown in FIG. 3, the evaporator 1 and the absorber 2 are arranged one above the other, and the condenser 3 and the generator 84 are housed together in the round can body. , evaporator 1, and absorber 2 are arranged in this order.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the conventional devices as described above have the following problems.

That is, in the conventional example shown in Fig. 2, (1) In order to reduce the external width dimension, it is necessary to increase the number of columns of two absorber tube bundles, and the absorber R & two tube bundles form the tube wetted surface by a solution spraying method. However, since the solution drips from the upper tube row to the lower tube row while absorbing refrigerant vapor from the evaporator L, if there are many tube rows, the solution reaching the tubes in the lower tube bundle is already saturated. The lower tube bundle is wasted because it cannot maintain much of its absorption capacity and its effectiveness is low.

On the other hand, if an attempt is made to increase the number of tubes in the width direction by decreasing the number of rows, the width dimension of the can body increases.

■ Since the absorber 2 tube bundle and the evaporator 1 tube bundle are arranged on the left and right, the solution spray to the upper east of the absorber 2 tubes is transferred to the evaporator 1.
Therefore, in addition to entrainment of refrigerant liquid droplets from the T-generator 1 side, the boundary between the absorber 2 and the stem generator 1 has the possibility of liquid droplets migrating from the absorber side. It becomes necessary to consider droplet separation in both directions to prevent droplet separation, which complicates the structure of the droplet separator and increases its size.

Further, when the solution spraying liquid comes into contact with the partition wall of the lower part of the evaporator l, the absorption solution may be cooled to below the crystallization temperature and crystals may form on the surface of the partition wall. In this case, the Special Public Interest Publication No. 43-1047
It is necessary to provide a heat insulating layer as shown in 1, which makes the structure complicated.

■ Upper generator 4 and condenser 3, absorber 2 and evaporator l
If the can body is separate from the can body, it is necessary to provide a connecting pipe 6 between the upper and lower shells. Is it necessary to provide a repair space 7 between the upper and lower shells to check the airtightness and take measures in case of poor airtightness?

However, this becomes an obstacle when reducing the external dimensions.

In addition, considering the manufacturing process, since the upper and lower shells are manufactured separately, a lot of setup time is required, such as positioning the tube plates at both ends, which requires double the work space.

- When considering heat insulation and cold insulation construction, the external contact area around the evaporator 1 and the generator 4 is large, and there are many bends during construction, which increases the construction cost.

There are problems such as.

In addition, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, (1) heat loss is large because the high temperature section 4 is located above the evaporator 1, which is the lowest temperature section on the absorption cycle;

■ Because it is necessary to house the vertical multi-stage heat exchanger inside the round can body, the number of rows of evaporators 1 is reduced and the height direction is small, so the evaporative refrigerant passage from evaporator 1 is reduced. are provided on the left and right sides, and have a refrigerant liquid separator on each side, making the structure complicated.

(2) The refrigerant passage 9 leading from the evaporator 1 housed inside the can body to the external refrigerant pump is undesirable because it increases the manufacturing difficulty in an absorption refrigerator, which is a vacuum container that must be airtight.

It has the following problems.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional absorber, reduces the number of rows of heat transfer tubes in the absorber, has a small width dimension of the container, has a calendar wheel structure, and has low heat loss. The purpose is to provide refrigerators.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention, as a means for solving the above problems,
One container is divided into an upper part, a middle part, and a lower part, and in the upper part, a generator and a condenser are arranged side by side via a communication path, and in the middle part, a generator and a condenser are arranged side by side through a communication path, and in the middle part, a generator and a condenser are arranged side by side through a communication path. An evaporator is provided via a pressure reduction mechanism, substantially directly below the generator,
An evaporative refrigerant passage that communicates with the evaporator through a communication passage provided on one side of the evaporator and guides refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is provided, and the lower part communicates with the evaporative refrigerant passage. Another object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerator comprising an absorber having a solution spraying section below the bottom of the evaporator.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described using the drawings.

In Figure 1, trace generator! And absorber 2 evaporates in the middle part of the container! s1 is placed above the absorber 2 arranged in the lower part of the container, and the evaporator l is placed offset to one side from the center of the absorber 2, and the evaporative refrigerant guides the refrigerant vapor released once in the evaporator l. A passage IO is provided only on the shifted side,
Moreover, a space 11 is provided below the evaporator 1 on the opposite side.

Further, the condenser 3 and the generator 4 are horizontally arranged side by side in the upper part of the container, and the condenser 3 is installed almost above the evaporator 1 via a pressure reducing mechanism 15, and the generator 4 is installed almost above the evaporative refrigerant passage IO.
are arranged using the evaporator 1 and the top plate 12 of the evaporative refrigerant passage lO as partition walls.

In this embodiment, the side plate 14 that crosses the top plate 12, which is the bottom plate of the condenser, and the bottom plate 13 of the evaporator 1 is recessed inward from the ends of these bottom plates 13.

With this configuration, the tube bundle of the evaporator 1 can be made vertically long, and the tube bundle of the absorber 2 can be made wider in the width direction by reducing the number of rows. The area can be maintained, and since refrigerant vapor is introduced into the two absorber tube groups from above, it is parallel to the direction in which the absorption solution is distributed, and a uniform absorption effect can be achieved.

Further, the solution sprayed liquid in the absorber 2 is transferred to the evaporative refrigerant passage 10.
By locating it upwards, it is possible to prevent the spraying liquid from scattering toward the evaporator 1 side, and since the spray liquid does not come into contact with the wall that houses the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 1 and is insulated, the absorption liquid There is no need to worry about crystals forming on the partition wall surface.

As mentioned above, the arrangement of the condenser 3 and the generator 4 is such that the generator 4, which is a high-temperature part, is placed adjacent to the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 through the top plate 12 and separated from the evaporator 1, thereby reducing heat loss. The amount can be ignored.

The space below the evaporator 1 is designed to provide thermal insulation from the absorber 2, and should be used for refrigerators that operate in cold regions or operate for long periods of the year, etc. - Refrigerators that are often operated with low cooling water temperature and relatively low absorption solution concentration. In this case, a refrigerant reservoir 16 may be provided in advance in the space.

The absorption refrigerator includes an evaporator 1 which is the heat exchanger, an absorber 2,
It is an assembly of a condenser 3 and a generator 4, and uses Li as an absorbent.
In refrigerators that use Br1 liquid and water as a refrigerant, the temperature of each heat exchanger is 2 to 1 in the evaporator for general air conditioning use.
0℃, 30-50℃ in the absorber, 30-45℃ in the condenser,
The temperature in the generator is 70 to 100°C, and when considering insulation, it is necessary to keep the evaporator cold and the generator warm. In this case, in particular, if the evaporator is not sufficiently cooled, condensation will occur, causing various problems such as corrosion on the surface of the can body and wetness under the machine, so it is necessary to do this reliably. In the conventional product, the above-mentioned installation process was uneven, making the cold storage unreliable and the work cost high.However, in this embodiment, the top plate 12, which is the bulkhead of the can body, is shown in the shaded area in Fig. 1.
．． The cold insulating material 17 can be attached using the bottom plate 13 and the side plates 14, and there are fewer installation locations and the installation is also easy.

As shown in Figure 1, this structure is assembled by sharing the tube plate of each heat exchanger (evaporator, absorber, condenser, generator) and using the can body of each heat exchanger as a partition wall. This configuration has the advantage of being easy to manufacture and requiring only one work space.

Note that FIG. 2.3 of the conventional example shows a double-effect absorption refrigerating machine, and FIG. 1 of the embodiment of the present invention shows a single-effect absorption refrigerating machine. This paper relates to the structure of an absorption refrigerating machine, and the absorption cycle can be applied to either single-effect or double-effect.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the number of upper and lower stages of heat transfer tubes in the absorber is reduced to effectively perform the absorption action, and in addition, it is possible to avoid increasing the convergence of the container, prevent heat loss of the heating energy of the generator, and reduce the heat loss from the evaporator. Since the evaporative refrigerant passage only needs to be on one side and the eliminator needs to be on one side, it is possible to provide an absorption refrigerator with a simple structure and a smaller overall size, which is extremely effective in practice.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are flow diagrams of a conventional example. I...evaporator, 2--absorber, 3-condenser, 4--generator, 5-droplet separator, 6-connecting piping, 7--space,
8...-refrigerant pump, 9--refrigerant passage, l〇-evaporative refrigerant passage, 11... space, 12...-top plate, 13...
Bottom plate, 14-・Side plate, 1S-・Pressure reduction mechanism, 16... Refrigerant reservoir, 17.... Cold insulation material. Patent applicant: Ebara Corporation Representative patent attorney: Masayuki Takagi Representative patent attorney: Yori 1
) Takatsugu Part 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One container is divided into an upper part, a middle part, and a lower part, in the upper part, a generator and a condenser are arranged side by side via a communication path, and in the middle part, , an evaporator is provided almost directly below the condenser via a pressure reduction mechanism, and is communicated with the evaporator via a communication passage provided on one side of the evaporator almost directly below the generator; An evaporative refrigerant passage is provided for guiding the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator, and the lower part is provided with an absorber that communicates with the evaporative refrigerant passage and has a solution dispersion part below the bottom of the evaporator. An absorption chiller featuring: 2. The refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid reservoir of the evaporator is accommodated so that the solution sprayed from the solution spraying section does not come into contact with the wall of the absorber. Absorption refrigerator.